智能家居中英文翻译
智能家居
智能家居是利用先进的计算机技术、网络通讯技术、综合布线技术、依照人体工程学原理，融合个性需求，将与家居生活有关的各个子系统如安防、灯光控制、窗帘控制、煤气阀控制、信息家电、场景联动、地板采暖等有机地结合在一起，通过网络化综合智能控制和管理，实现“以人为本”的全新家居生活体验。
基本介绍
智能家居是人们的一种居住环境，其以住宅为平台安装有智能家居系统，实现家庭生活更加安全，节能，智能，便利和舒适。以住宅为平台，利用综合布线技术、网络通信技术、智能家居-系统设计方案安全防范技术、自动控制技术、音视频技术将家居生活有关的设施集成，构建高效的住宅设施与家庭日程事务的管理系统，提升家居安全性、便利性、舒适性、艺术性，并实现环保节能的居住环境。
又称智能住宅，在国外常用Smart Home表示。与智能家居含义近似的有家庭自动化（Home Automation）、电子家庭（Electronic Home、E-home）、数字家园（Digital Family）、家庭网络（Home Net/Networks for Home）、网络家居（Network Home）、智能家庭/建筑（Intelligent Home/Building），在我国香港和台湾等地区，还有数码家庭、数码家居等称法。
主要特色
2.1 随意照明
控制随意照明控制，按几下按钮就能调节所有房间的照明，各种梦幻灯光，可以随心创造！智能照明系统具有软启功能，能使灯光渐亮渐暗；灯光调光可实现调亮调暗功能,让你和家人分享温馨与浪漫,同时具有节能和环保的效果；全开全关功能可轻松实现灯和电器的一键全关和一键全开功能，并具有亮度记忆功能。
2.2 简单安装
智能家居系统可以实现简单地进行安装，而不必破坏隔墙，不必购买新的电
气设备，系统完全可与你家中现有的电气设备，如灯具、电话和家电等进行连接。各种电器及其它智能子系统既可在家操控，也能完全满足远程控制。
2.3 可扩展性
智能家居系统是可以扩展的系统，最初，你的智能家居系统可以只与照明设备或目前常用的电器设备连接，将来也可以与其他设备连接，以适应新的智能生活需要。
既便您的家居已装修也可轻松升级为智能家居。无线控制的智能家居系统可以不破坏原有装修，只要在一些插座等处安装相应的模块即可实现智能控制，更不会对原来房屋墙面造成破坏。
主要功能
3.1 一遥控控制
您可以使用遥控器来控制家中灯光，热水器，电动窗帘，饮水机，空调等设备的开启和关闭；通过这支遥控器的显示屏可以在一楼（或客厅）来查询并显示出二楼（或卧室）灯光电器的开启关闭状态；同时这支遥控器还可以控制家中的红外电器诸如：电视， DVD ，音响等红外电器设备――万能遥控器。
3.2 二电话远程控制
高加密（电话识别）多功能语音电话远程控制功能，当您出差或着在家外边办事，您可以通过手机，固定电话来控制家中的空调和窗帘，灯光电器，使之提前为客户制冷或制热或进行开启和关闭状态，通过手机或固定电话知道家中电路是否正常，各种家用电器（例如冰箱里的食物等），还可以得知室内的空气质量（屋内外可以安装类似烟雾报警器的电器）从而控制窗户和紫外线杀菌装置进行换气或杀菌，此外根据外部天气的优劣适当的加湿屋内空气和利用空调等设施对屋内进行升温。主人不在家时，也可以通过手机或固定电话来自动给花草浇水、宠物喂食等。控制卧室的柜橱对衣物、鞋子、被褥等杀菌、晾晒等。
3.3 三定时控制
您可以提前设定某些产品的自动开启关闭时间，如：电热水器每天晚上20:30 分自动开启加热， 23:30 分自动断电关闭，保证您在享受热水洗浴的同时，也带来省电，舒适和时尚。当然电动窗帘的自动开启关闭时间更不在话下。
3.4 四集中控制
您可以在进门的玄关处就同时打开客厅，餐厅和厨房的灯光，厨宝等电器，尤其是在夜晚您可以在卧室控制客厅和卫生间的灯光电器，既方便又安全，还可以查询他们的工作状态。
3.5 五场景控制
您轻轻触动一个按键，数种灯光，电器在您的“意念”中自动执行，使您感受和领略科技时尚生活的完美和简捷，高效
3.6 六网络远程控制
在办公室，在出差的外地，只要是有网络的地方，您都可以通过 Internet 来登陆到您的家中，在网络世界中通过一个固定的智能家居控制界面来您家中的电器，提供一个免费动态域名。主要用于远程网络控制和电器工作状态信息查询，例如您出差在外地，利用外地网络计算机，登陆相关的IP地址，您就可以控制远在千里之外您自家的灯光，电器，在返回住宅上飞机之前，将您家中的空调或是热水器打开…
3.7 七全球视频监控功能
在任何时间、任何地点直接透过局域网络或宽带网络，使用浏览器（如IE），进行远程影像监控，语音通话。另外还支持远程PC机、本地SD卡存储，移动侦测邮件传输、FTP传输，对于家庭用远程影音拍摄与拍照更可达成专业的安全防护与乐趣。
3.8 八安防报警功能
当有警情发生时，能自动拨打点电话，并联动相关电器做报警处理
3.9 九影音设备共享功能
家庭影音控制系统包括家庭影视交换中心（视频共享）和背景音乐系统（音频共享）。是家庭娱乐的多媒体平台，它运用先进的微电脑技术、无线遥控技术和红外遥控技术，在程序指令的精确控制下，把机顶盒、卫星接收机、 DVD 、电脑等多路信号源，能够根据用户的需要，发送到每一个房间的电视机、音响等终端设备上 , 实现一机共享客厅的多种视听设备。您的家庭就是一个独特设计
的AV影视交换中心。
客厅的DVD影碟机、数字电视机顶盒、卫星电视接收机等任意4种视听设备共享到5个房间观看并可以遥控；（卧室房、卫生间、书房等房间任选其二加上客厅）为您家中的CD/TV/FM/MP3 音源（或数字电视机顶盒、卫星电视机顶盒、IPTV、网络在线电影、DVD等）音视频设备解决共享问题，为您解决音视频设备的异地遥控、换台、音量操作目的，如同您在卧室安装一个数字电视机顶盒（VCD、DVD）卫星电视机顶盒一样的效果，及其方便。
3.10 十背景音乐系统
简单地说，就在任何一间房子里，包括客厅、卧室、厨房或卫生间，均可布上背景音乐线，通过 1 个或多个音源，(CD/TV/FM/MP3 音源)可以让每个房间都能听到美妙的背景音乐
配合AV影视交换产品，可以用最低的成本，不仅实现了每个房间音频和视频信号的共享，而且可以各房间独立的遥控选择背景音乐信号源，可以远程开机、关机、换台、快进、快退等，是音视频、背景音乐共享和远程控制的最佳的性价比设计方案！
3.11 十一数字家庭娱乐系统
“数字娱乐”则是利用书房电脑作为家庭娱乐的播放中心，客厅或主卧大屏幕电视机上播放和显示的内容来源于互联网上海量的音乐资源、影视资源、电视资源、游戏资源、信息资源等等。安装“笑仙居数码娱乐终端”后，家庭的客厅、卧室、起居室等地方都可以获得视听娱乐内容。安装简单，用网络面板和一根超五类线连接设备。
3.12 十二综合布线系统
是通过一个总管理箱将电话线、有线电视线、宽带网络线、音响线等被称为弱电的各种线统一规划在一个有序的状态下，以统一管理居室内的电话、传真、电脑、电视、影碟机、安防监控设备和其他的网络信息家电，使之功能更强大、使用更方便、维护更容易、更易扩展新用途.实现电话分机，局域网组建，有线电视共享等。
3.13 十三指纹锁
您一定有过这样的尴尬：由于某种原因忘记带了家中的房门钥匙，或是家中亲人或客人造访，您恰恰不能立即赶回等等! 如果这个时候能在单位或遥远的外地用手机或是电话将房门打开，该是多么方便呀！
并且在单位或遥远的外地用手机或是电话“查询”一下家中指数码指纹锁的“开，关”状态，是不是让您更会感到安全！世界顶尖生物识别，指纹技术与密码技术的完美结合，三项独立开门方式：指纹、密码和机械钥匙，安全方便
3.14 十四新风空气调节
有一种设备既不用整日去开窗（有的卫生间是密闭的），就能定时为您更换经过过滤的新鲜空气哪（外面的空气经过过滤近来，同时将屋内的浊气排除）！
3.15 十五宠物保姆
拨通家里的电话，就能给自己心爱的宠物喂食，还能听到它的声音，这该是一件多么富有情趣和时尚的生活！研制开发了具有高科技水平、操作简易的电话远程控制，自动定时控制，遥控控制的宠物喂食机……
发展历程
1999年3月10日,微软公司董事长比尔·盖茨在深圳宣布了"维纳斯计划"。这是一项专门针对中国信息产业和家电市场,为中国量身定做的数字生活家电的解决方案。目标是要开发一个新的基于微软Windows CE操作系统的集计算、娱乐、教育、交流、通信和网上冲浪等功能于一体或相结合的产品。其产品最大的特点是价格便宜,易学易用,可满足非PC(个人电脑、微机)用户使用电脑和上网的需求。它是界于电脑和家电之间的产品。
两大部分
6.1 控制网络
如智能家居的基本结构图中右半部分所示，它主要是控制家庭中各种设备的运行状况，如电灯的灭/亮和亮度控制，空调的启/停以及温度和风量的控制，家庭安防系统的讯号采集和执行，各种开关量的输入，电动窗帘的开启/关闭控制，室内各种物理量的探测（如温度、湿度，各种气体含量等），四表（煤气表、电表、水表和暖气的热量表）数据的输出与指示等。
6.2 信息网络
在信息网络上传输的主要是音频和视频信号，它们的频率带宽一般要高达数兆赫兹，因此要求信息网络上的信息传输速率比较高，普遍应达到10 Mbps 以上。但相对说来，它的可靠性要求没有控制信息那么高。因为视音频信息在传输的前后都有一定的处理(如信号的压缩和编码/解压缩和解码)，这些处理都有一定的容错能力，而且即使有瞬时的错误，也只是影响瞬时的声音或图像的错误，而对设备以后的运行几乎没有影响。因此信息网络在技术上需要解决的主要问题是传输速率（即带宽），即在可能的条件下，尽可能提高信息网络的带宽。
智能家居是通过统一的网络总线和控制平台将家庭的电器设备、灯光控制系统、安全控制系统、能源管理系统等连成一体的。目前智能家居的发展趋势是由集中控制到分布控制，与集中式控制相比，分布式控制不仅能减少布线，而且能提高系统的可靠性，当某一个节点出现故障时，只需将该节点从网络中拿走，而其它节点不受影响。
smart home
Smart home is the use of advanced computer technology, network communication technology, integrated wiring technology, in accordance with the principle of human body engineering, incorporating personality needs, will and household life on various subsystems, such as security, lighting control, curtain control, gas valve control, information appliances, linkage, floor heating, such as organically unifies in together, through network integrated intelligent control and management, implement "people-oriented" new household life experience.
Basic introduction
Smart home is one of the people living environment, the platform installation for housing is intelligent household system, realize the family life safer, energy efficient, intelligent, convenient and comfortable. To housing as a platform, the use of integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, smart home system design scheme of safety technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology to integrate the household life related facilities, schedule to build
efficient residential facilities and family affairs management system, improve home security, convenience, comfort, artistry, and realize environmental protection and energy saving living environment.
Also called Smart Home, usually in Smart Home abroad. With Intelligent household meaning approximate Home Automation, Home Automation, Electronic Family (Electronic Home, E - Home), Digital Home, Digital Family), the Home Network (Home Net/Networks for Home), Network, Home Network (Home), Intelligent Home/Building (Intelligent Home/Building), Hong Kong and Taiwan and other regions in our country, and Digital Home, Digital Home, etc. Mr.
Main features
2.1 lighting at will
Control arbitrary lighting control, press a few buttons can adjust all the room lighting, lighting, all kinds of dream can create! Intelligent lighting system can have soft qi gong, can make the lights coming on gradually; Light dimmer can realize the dim light function, let you and your family to share warmth and romantic, at the same time, the effect of energy saving and environmental protection; Fully open barrier function can easily implement lights and appliances for a key barrier and a key open function, and has a brightness memory function.
2.2 easy to install
Smart home system can realize simply to install, without having to destroy the wall, don't have to buy a new electrical equipment, the system can be completely with your home's existing electrical equipment, such as lamps and lanterns, telephone and home appliances to connect. All kinds of electrical appliances and other intelligent subsystem can be control in the home, also can fully meet the remote control.
2.3 extensibility
Smart home system is the system can be extended, initially, your smart home system can only with lighting or the current commonly used electrical equipment connection, can connect to other devices in the future, in order to adapt to the new intelligent life need.
Even when your home is decorated also can be easily upgraded to a smart home. Wireless control of smart home system can not destroy original decoration, as long as the corresponding module can be installed in the place such as some outlet to realize intelligent control, much less damage to the original building metope.
The main function
3.1 a remote control
You can use the remote control to control the lighting in the home, water heater, electric curtain, water dispensers, air conditioning equipment such as opening and closing; Through the display of the remote control can (or) sitting room on the first floor to query and show () or bedroom on the second floor lighting appliances open closed; At the same time, the remote control can control the infrared electric appliance in the home such as TV, DVD, audio and other infrared electric equipment, universal remote control.
3.2 two telephone remote control
High encryption (phone recognition) multi-function voice telephone remote control function, when you travel or work outside in the home, you can through mobile phones, fixed telephone to control home air conditioning and curtain, lighting appliances, make the cooling or heating for the customer in advance or open and closed, via mobile phone or fixed phone know home circuit is normal, all kinds of household electrical appliances (such as food in the refrigerator, etc.) can also be learned that indoor air quality (similar smoke detector can be installed outside the house appliances) to control the Windows and ultraviolet radiation sterilization device for ventilation or sterilization, moreover, according to the merits of the outside weather proper humidification indoor air and the use of air conditioning and other facilities of the room to heat up. Master is not at home, also can be automatically by cell phone or landline watering plants, feeding your pet, etc. Control of the bedroom cabinet to clothing, shoes, bedding, and other sterilization, drying, etc.
3.3 three timing control
You can set certain products automatically open shutoff time ahead of time, such as: electric water heater every night 20:30 points automatically open heating, power 30 points automatically shut down, to ensure you enjoy the hot water bath at the same time, also save electricity, comfortable and fashion. Electric curtains open automatically closing time is, of course, much more.
3.4 four centralized control
You can in the porch place that take the door open at the same time the sitting room, dining-room and kitchen lights, kitchen appliances such as treasure, especially at night you can control the lights of the sitting room and bathroom appliances in the bedroom, convenient and safe, can also track the status of their work.
3.5 five scene control
You gently touch a button, several kinds of lighting, electrical appliances automatically perform in your "mind", make you feel and enjoy fashionable life perfect and simple science and technology, high efficiency
3.6 six network remote control
In the office, on a business trip abroad, as long as there is a network of place, you can through the Internet to log in to your home, in the network world through a fixed of smart home control interface to your household electric appliances, provide a free dynamic DNS. Is mainly used for remote network control and electric work status information query, you are on a business trip in abroad, for example, using the nonlocal network computer, log in the IP address of the relevant, in far away you can control your own lighting, electrical appliances, before return home on a plane, will you home air conditioning or open the water heater...
3.7 seven global video monitoring function
At any time, any place directly through local area network or broadband network, using a browser (IE), remote video monitoring, voice calls. Also support remote PC,
local SD card storage, motion detecting, mail transfer, FTP transmission for family use remote video and photo shooting more can achieve professional safety and pleasure.
3.8 eight security alarm function
When a case of, can automatically dial the telephone, and gang related appliances do alarm processing
3.9 9 av equipment sharing
Home video control system including family film and television exchange center (video sharing) and background music system (audio sharing). Is family entertainment multimedia platform, it USES advanced microcomputer technology, wireless remote control technology and infrared remote control technology, under the precise control of program instruction, the set-top boxes, satellite receiver, DVD, computer, such as multi-channel signal source, can according to the needs of users, is sent to every room on terminal equipment such as TV, acoustics, realization of the sharing of the sitting room used a variety of audio and video equipment. Your family is a unique design of AV video exchange center.
The DVD players of the sitting room, digital TV set-top boxes, satellite TV receiver and any kind of audio-visual equipment sharing 4 to 5 rooms to watch and can be remote control; (such as bedroom, study room, toilet room optional second plus a sitting room) for you in the home of CD/TV/FM/MP3 audio source (or digital TV set-top boxes, satellite TV set-top boxes, IPTV, online movies, DVD, etc.) share audio and video equipment to solve the problem, for you to solve different remote control, audio and video equipment in Taiwan, the volume operation purpose, as you install a digital TV set-top box in the bedroom (VCD, DVD) the same effect as satellite television set-top boxes, and convenient.
31.0 background music system
In simple terms, in any other houses, including the sitting room, bedroom, kitchen or bathroom, background music on the lines are, by one or more of the sound
source, (CD/TV/FM/MP3 audio) can make a wonderful background music can be heard in every room
Cooperate with AV video exchange of products, can use the lowest cost, not only realize the video and audio signals are Shared in every room, and can choose the background music of each room independent signal source, can remotely boot, shutdown, change channels, fast forward, fast return, such as audio and video, the background music sharing and the best ratio of design scheme of the remote control!
3.11 11 digital home entertainment system
"Digital entertainment" is a study of using computer as a home entertainment center, or sitting room advocate lie on a big screen TV broadcast and display the amount of content from the Internet in Shanghai music, film and television resources, TV, games, resources, information resources and so on. After installation "laughter xianju digital entertainment terminal", the place such as sitting room, bedroom, living room, the family can get audio-visual entertainment content. Simple installation, use online panel and the super five kinds of thread connection equipment.
3.12 twelve integrated wiring system
Is through a total management cases will be attentive telephone line, cable, broadband networks, such as audio line is called the weak current line of unified planning in an orderly state, in a unified management inside the bedroom of telephone, fax, computer, TV, VCD, security monitoring equipment, and other network information home appliances, make the function more powerful, use more convenient, easier maintenance, are more likely to expand new USES. Realize the telephone extension, LAN construction, the sharing of the cable.
3.13 13 fingerprint lock
Embarrassing: you must have had for some reason forgot to bring the key to the door of home, or to visit relatives in the home or guest, you just can't immediately back to wait! If the time can in the unit or distant remotely by phone or the phone will
open the door, how convenient it is!!!
And in the unit or distant remotely by phone or phone home "query," refers to the digital fingerprint lock state of "open, close", if let you feel more safe! The world's leading biometric fingerprint technology and password technology perfect combination of three independent way to open the door: fingerprint, password and mechanical keys, safe and convenient
3.14 the fourteenth air air conditioning
Neither have a device to open the window all day (some toilet is closed), the timing for you to change the filtered fresh air which (outside air filtered recently, at the same time to the house of polluted air excluded).
3.15 15 pet nanny
Dial the telephone of home, you can give your beloved pet feeding, can hear its voice, this is a how fun and fashion life! Developed with high-tech level, operation simple telephone remote control, automatic timing control, remote control of pet feeding machine...
The development course
On March 10, 1999, Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced the "Venus project" in shenzhen. This is a specifically for the Chinese information industry and home appliances market, tailor made for the Chinese digital life appliance solutions. Goal is to develop a new set of calculation based on the Microsoft Windows CE operating system, entertainment, education, communication, communication, and surfing the Internet, and other functions in one or a combination of products. The most obvious feature of the product is cheap, easy to learn and easy to use, can satisfy the PC (personal computer), computer user's demand to use the computer and the Internet. It is between computer and home appliance products.
The two most
6.1 control network
Such as intelligent household shown in the right part of the basic structure of the system, it is mainly to control all kinds of equipment running status in the family, such as the lights/the lights and light control, start/stop and the temperature of the air conditioning and air volume control, home security system of signal acquisition and execution, all kinds of switch quantity input, electric curtain open/close control, indoor detection of various physical quantities (such as temperature, humidity, all kinds of gas content, etc.), and four tables (gas meter, electricity meter, water meter, and the heat of the heat meter) the output of the data and instructions, etc.
6.2 information network
On the information network transmission is mainly audio and video signals, whose frequency bandwidth typically up to several GHZ, therefore requires information on the network information transmission rate is higher, generally should reach more than 10 megabits per second. But relatively speaking, the reliability requirement is not so high control information. Because audio information in the transport before and after a certain processing, such as signal compression and decoding and encoding/decompression), these processing has certain ability of fault tolerance, and even with the instantaneous error, is also affect the instantaneous sound or image of the error, and will have little impact on equipment running after. Therefore information network in technology transfer rate is the main problem that need to be solved (bandwidth), namely under the condition of possible, as far as possible to improve the information network bandwidth.
Smart home is through unified network bus and the control platform to household electrical appliances, lighting control system, security control system becomes an organic whole repeatedly, energy management system, etc. The current development trend of the smart home is controlled by the centralized control to the distribution, compared with the centralized control and distributed control can not only reduce the wiring, and can improve the reliability of the system, when a certain node failure, just will take away from the network, the node and other nodes are not affected.
《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译
Lesson 1 力学的基本概念 1、词汇： statics [st?tiks] 静力学；dynamics动力学；constraint约束；magnetic [m?ɡ＇netik]有磁性的；external [eks＇t?:nl] 外面的, 外部的；meshing啮合；follower从动件；magnitude [＇m?ɡnitju:d] 大小；intensity强度，应力；non-coincident [k?u＇insid?nt]不重合；parallel [＇p?r?lel]平行；intuitive 直观的；substance物质；proportional [pr?＇p?:??n?l]比例的；resist抵抗，对抗；celestial [si＇lestj?l]天空的；product乘积；particle质点；elastic [i＇l?stik]弹性；deformed变形的；strain拉力；uniform全都相同的；velocity[vi＇l?siti]速度；scalar[＇skeil?]标量；vector[＇vekt?]矢量；displacement代替；momentum [m?u＇ment?m]动量； 2、词组 make up of由……组成；if not要不，不然；even through即使，纵然； Lesson 2 力和力的作用效果 1、词汇： machine 机器；mechanism机构；movable活动的；given 规定的，给定的，已知的；perform执行；application 施用；produce引起，导致；stress压力；applied施加的；individual单独的；muscular [＇m?skjul?]]力臂；gravity[ɡr?vti]重力；stretch伸展，拉紧，延伸；tensile[tensail]拉力；tension张力，拉力；squeeze挤；compressive 有压力的，压缩的；torsional扭转的；torque转矩；twist扭，转动；molecule [m likju:l]分子的；slide滑动; 滑行；slip滑，溜；one another 互相；shear剪切；independently独立地，自立地；beam梁；compress压；revolve (使)旋转；exert [iɡ＇z?:t]用力，尽力，运用，发挥，施加；principle原则, 原理，准则，规范；spin使…旋转；screw螺丝钉；thread螺纹； 2、词组 a number of 许多；deal with 涉及，处理；result from由什么引起；prevent from阻止，防止；tends to 朝某个方向；in combination结合；fly apart飞散； 3、译文： 任何机器或机构的研究表明每一种机构都是由许多可动的零件组成。这些零件从规定的运动转变到期望的运动。另一方面，这些机器完成工作。当由施力引起的运动时，机器就开始工作了。所以，力和机器的研究涉及在一个物体上的力和力的作用效果。 力是推力或者拉力。力的作用效果要么是改变物体的形状或者运动，要么阻止其他的力发生改变。每一种
机械专业术语英文翻译
陶瓷 ceramics 合成纤维 synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion 车架 automotive chassis 悬架 suspension 转向器 redirector 变速器 speed changer 板料冲压 sheet metal parts 孔加工 spot facing machining 车间 workshop 工程技术人员 engineer 气动夹紧 pneuma lock 数学模型 mathematical model 画法几何 descriptive geometry 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影 projection 视图 view 剖视图 profile chart 标准件 standard component 零件图 part drawing 装配图 assembly drawing 尺寸标注 size marking
技术要求 technical requirements 刚度 rigidity 内力 internal force 位移 displacement 截面 section 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 断裂 fracture 塑性变形 plastic distortion 脆性材料 brittleness material 刚度准则 rigidity criterion 垫圈 washer 垫片 spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear 运动简图 kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条 pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear 虚约束 passive constraint 曲柄 crank 摇杆 racker 凸轮 cams
人工智能专业外文翻译-机器人
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外文翻译 英文原文 Belt Conveying Systems Development of driving system Among the methods of material conveying employed，belt conveyors play a very important part in the reliable carrying of material over long distances at competitive cost．Conveyor systems have become larger and more complex and drive systems have also been going through a process of evolution and will continue to do so．Nowadays，bigger belts require more power and have brought the need for larger individual drives as well as multiple drives such as 3 drives of 750 kW for one belt(this is the case for the conveyor drives in Chengzhuang Mine)．The ability to control drive acceleration torque is critical to belt conveyors’performance．An efficient drive system should be able to provide smooth，soft starts while maintaining belt tensions within the specified safe limits．For load sharing on multiple drives．torque and speed control are also important considerations in the drive system’s design. Due to the advances in conveyor drive control technology，at present many more reliable．Cost-effective and performance-driven conveyor drive systems covering a wide range of power are available for customers’ choices[1]. 1 Analysis on conveyor drive technologies 1．1 Direct drives Full-voltage starters．With a full-voltage starter design，the conveyor head shaft is direct-coupled to the motor through the gear drive．Direct full-voltage starters are adequate for relatively low-power, simple-profile conveyors．With direct fu11-voltage starters．no control is provided for various conveyor loads and．depending on the ratio between fu11-and no-1oad power requirements，empty starting times can be three or four times faster than full load．The maintenance-free starting system is simple，low-cost and very reliable．However, they cannot control starting torque and maximum stall torque；therefore．they are
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(机械制造行业)机械英文翻译
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文献综述_人工智能
人工智能的形成及其发展现状分析 冯海东 （长江大学管理学院荆州434023） 摘要：人工智能的历史并不久远，故将从人工智能的出现、形成、发展现 状及前景几个方面对其进行分析，总结其发展过程中所出现的问题，以及发展现状中的不足之处，分析其今后的发展方向。 关键词：人工智能，发展过程，现状分析，前景。 一．引言 人工智能最早是在1936年被英国的科学家图灵提出，并不为多数人所认知。 当时，他编写了一个下象棋的程序，这就是最早期的人工智能的应用。也有著名的“图灵测试”，这也是最初判断是否是人工智能的方案,因此，图灵被尊称为“人工智能之父”。人工智能从产生到发展经历了一个起伏跌宕的过程，直到目前为止，人工智能的应用技术也不是很成熟，而且存在相当的缺陷。 通过搜集的资料，将详细的介绍人工智能这个领域的具体情况，剖析其面临的挑战和未来的前景。 二．人工智能的发展历程 1. 1956年前的孕育期 (1) 从公元前伟大的哲学家亚里斯多德(Aristotle)到16世纪英国哲学家培根(F. Bacon)，他们提出的形式逻辑的三段论、归纳法以及“知识就是力量”的警句，都对人类思维过程的研究产生了重要影响。 （2）17世纪德国数学家莱布尼兹(G..Leibniz)提出了万能符号和推理计算思想，为数理逻辑的产生和发展奠定了基础，播下了现代机器思维设计思想的种子。而19世纪的英国逻辑学家布尔（G. Boole）创立的布尔代数，实现了用符号语言描述人类思维活动的基本推理法则。 （3） 20世纪30年代迅速发展的数学逻辑和关于计算的新思想，使人们在计算机出现之前，就建立了计算与智能关系的概念。被誉为人工智能之父的英国天才的数学家图灵（A. Tur-ing）在1936年提出了一种理想计算机的数学模型，即图灵机之后,1946年就由美国数学家莫克利（J. Mauchly）和埃柯特（J. Echert）研制出了世界上第一台数字计算机，它为人工智能的研究奠定了不可缺少的物质基础。1950年图灵又发表了“计算机与智能”的论文，提出了著名的“图灵测试”，形象地指出什么是人工智能以及机器具有智能的标准，对人工智能的发展产生了极其深远的影响。 （4） 1934年美国神经生理学家麦克洛奇(W. McCulloch) 和匹兹(W. Pitts )建立了第一个神经网络模型，为以后的人工神经网络研究奠定了基础。 2. 1956年至1969年的诞生发育期 (1)1956年夏季，麻省理工学院（MIT)的麦卡锡（J．McCarthy）、明斯基（M. Minshy）、塞尔夫里奇（O. Selfridge)与索罗门夫(R. Solomonff)、 IBM的洛
机械专业英文翻译
启动轴starting axle 启动齿轮starting gear 启动棘轮starting ratchet wheel 复位弹簧restoring, pull back spring 弹簧座spring seating 摩擦簧friction spring 推力垫圈thrust washer 轴挡圈axle bumper ring 下料filling 切断cut 滚齿机gear-hobbing machine 剪料机material-shearing machine 车床lathe 拉床broaching machine 垂直度verticality, vertical extent 平行度 parallelism同心度 homocentricity 位置度position 拉伤pulling damage 碰伤bumping damage 缺陷deficiency 严重缺陷severe deficiency 摩擦力friction 扭距twist 滑动glide 滚动roll 打滑skid 脱不开can’t seperate 不复位can’t restore 直径diameter M值= 跨棒距test rod span 公法线common normal line 弹性elasticity 频率特性frequency characteristic 误差error 响应response 定位allocation 机床夹具jig 动力学dynamic 运动学kinematic 静力学static 分析力学analyse mechanics 拉伸pulling 压缩hitting 机床machine tool 刀具cutter 摩擦friction 联结link 传动drive/transmission 轴shaft 剪切shear 扭转twist 弯曲应力bending stress 三相交流电three-phase AC 磁路magnetic circles 变压器transformer 异步电动机asynchronous motor 几何形状geometrical 精度precision 正弦形的sinusoid 交流电路AC circuit 机械加工余量machining allowance 变形力deforming force 变形deformation 电路circuit 半导体元件semiconductor element 拉孔broaching 装配assembling 加工machining 液压hydraulic pressure 切线tangent 机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 稳定性stability 介质medium 液压驱动泵fluid clutch 液压泵hydraulic pump 阀门valve 失效invalidation 强度intensity 载荷load 应力stress 安全系数safty factor 可靠性reliability 螺纹thread 螺旋helix 键spline 销pin 滚动轴承rolling bearing 滑动轴承sliding bearing 弹簧spring 制动器arrester brake 十字结联轴节crosshead 联轴器coupling 链chain 皮带strap 精加工finish machining 粗加工rough machining 变速箱体gearbox casing 腐蚀rust 氧化oxidation 磨损wear 耐用度durability 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影projection 视图view 剖视图profile chart 标准件standard component 零件图part drawing 装配图assembly drawing 尺寸标注size marking 技术要求 technical requirements 刚度rigidity 内力internal force 位移displacement 截面section 疲劳极限fatigue limit 断裂fracture 塑性变形plastic distortion 脆性材料brittleness material 刚度准则rigidity criterion 垫圈washer 垫片spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear 运动简图kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear 虚约束passive constraint 曲柄crank 摇杆racker 凸轮cams 反馈feedback 发生器generator 直流电源DC electrical source 门电路gate circuit 外圆磨削external grinding 内圆磨削internal grinding 平面磨削plane grinding 变速箱gearbox 离合器clutch 绞孔fraising 绞刀reamer
论文《人工智能》---文献检索结课作业
人工智能 【摘要】：人工智能是一门极富挑战性的科学，但也是一门边沿学科。它属于自然科学和社会科学的交叉。涉及的学科主要有哲学、认知科学、数学、神经生理学、心理学、计算机科学、信息论、控制论、不定性论、仿生学等。人工智能(Artificial Intelligence)，英文缩写为AI。它是研究、开发用于模拟、延伸和扩展人的智能的理论、方法、技术及应用系统的一门新的技术科学。人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，它企图了解智能的实质，并生产出一种新的能以人类智能相似的方式做出反应的智能机器，该领域的研究包括机器人、语言识别、图像识别、自然语言处理和专家系统等1。 【关键词】：人工智能；应用领域；发展方向；人工检索。 1．人工智能描述 人工智能(Artificial Intelligence) ，英文缩写为AI。它是研究、开发用于模拟、延伸和扩展人的智能的理论、方法、技术及应用系统的一门新的技术科学2。人工智能是计 算机科学的一个分支，它企图了解智 能的实质，并生产出一种新的能以人 类智能相似的方式作出反应的智能 机器，该领域的研究包括机器人、语 言识别、图像识别、自然语言处理和 专家系统等。“人工智能”一词最初 是在1956 年Dartmouth学会上提出 的。从那以后,研究者们发展了众多 理论和原理,人工智能的概念也随之扩展。人工智能是一门极富挑战性的科学，从事这项工作的人必须懂得计算机知识，心理学和哲学。人工智能是包括十分广泛的科学，它由不同的领域组成，如机器学习，计算机视觉等等，总的说来，人工智能研究的一个主要目标是使机器能够胜任一些通常需要人类智能才能完成的复杂工作。但不同的时代、不同的人对这种“复杂工作”的理解是不同的。例如繁重的科学和工程计算本来是要人脑来承担的，现在计算机不但能完成这种计算, 而且能够比人脑做得更快、更准确，因之当代人已不再把这种计算看作是“需要人类智能才能完成的复 1.蔡自兴，徐光祐.人工智能及其应用.北京：清华大学出版社，2010 2元慧·议当人工智能的应用领域与发展状态〖Ｊ〗．2008
机械类英语论文及翻译翻译
High-speed milling High-speed machining is an advanced manufacturing technology, different from the traditional processing methods. The spindle speed, cutting feed rate, cutting a small amount of units within the time of removal of material has increased three to six times. With high efficiency, high precision and high quality surface as the basic characteristics of the automobile industry, aerospace, mold manufacturing and instrumentation industry, such as access to a wide range of applications, has made significant economic benefits, is the contemporary importance of advanced manufacturing technology. For a long time, people die on the processing has been using a grinding or milling EDM (EDM) processing, grinding, polishing methods. Although the high hardness of the EDM machine parts, but the lower the productivity of its application is limited. With the development of high-speed processing technology, used to replace high-speed cutting, grinding and polishing process to die processing has become possible. To shorten the processing cycle, processing and reliable quality assurance, lower processing costs. 1 One of the advantages of high-speed machining High-speed machining as a die-efficient manufacturing, high-quality, low power consumption in an advanced manufacturing technology. In conventional machining in a series of problems has plagued by high-speed machining of the application have been resolved. 1.1 Increase productivity High-speed cutting of the spindle speed, feed rate compared withtraditional machining, in the nature of the leap, the metal removal rate increased 30 percent to 40 percent, cutting force reduced by 30 percent, the cutting tool life increased by 70% . Hardened parts can be processed, a fixture in many parts to be completed rough, semi-finishing and fine, and all other processes, the complex can reach parts of the surface quality requirements, thus increasing the processing productivity and competitiveness of products in the market. 1.2 Improve processing accuracy and surface quality High-speed machines generally have high rigidity and precision, and other characteristics, processing, cutting the depth of small, fast and feed, cutting force low, the workpiece to reduce heat distortion, and high precision machining, surface roughness small. Milling will be no high-speed processing and milling marks the surface so that the parts greatly enhance the quality of the surface. Processing Aluminum when up Ra0.40.6um, pieces of steel processing at up to Ra0.2 ~ 0.4um.
机械专业相关词汇中英文翻译大全
机械专业相关词汇中英文翻译大全 单价unit price 工日合计Man-day total/work-day total 人工费cost of labor 材料费materials expenses 机械的mechanical 检查接线connection test 发电机generator 调相机phase regulator 周波cycle 减负荷装置 load-shedding equipment 断路器柜circuit breaker cabinet 单母线single busbar 互感器transformer 每相电流Current by Phase 封闭式插接close type socket joint 发电机控制面板generator control panel 分级卸载sorted unloading 同步控制synchronization control 调速器 speed governor 信号屏signal screen 继电器relay 高压柜high pressure cabinet 油浸电力变压器oil-immersed power transformer 空气断路器air circuit breaker 控制屏control panel 直流馈电屏direct current feed control panel 电容器electric condenser 计量盘metering panel 成套配电箱whole set of distribution box 落地式floor model 控制开关Control switches 铜芯电力电缆Copper core power cable 控制电缆actuating cable 热缩式电力电缆终端头pyrocondensation power cable terminal 钢结构支架配管steel structure bracket tubing 万用槽钢versatile U-steel 电缆托架 cable bracket 钢制托盘式桥架steel Tray-type cable support system waterproof socket 防水插座 防爆插座Explosion-proof socket 接地绞线earthing twisted pair 接地母线 earthing bus
机械工程专业英语 翻译
2、应力和应变 在任何工程结构中独立的部件或构件将承受来自于部件的使用状况或工作的外部环境的外力作用。如果组件就处于平衡状态,由此而来的各种外力将会为零,但尽管如此,它们共同作用部件的载荷易于使部件变形同时在材料里面产生相应的内力。 有很多不同负载可以应用于构件的方式。负荷根据相应时间的不同可分为: (a)静态负荷是一种在相对较短的时间内逐步达到平衡的应用载荷。 (b)持续负载是一种在很长一段时间为一个常数的载荷, 例如结构的重量。这种类型的载荷以相同的方式作为一个静态负荷; 然而,对一些材料与温度和压力的条件下,短时间的载荷和长时间的载荷抵抗失效的能力可能是不同的。 (c)冲击载荷是一种快速载荷(一种能量载荷)。振动通常导致一个冲击载荷, 一般平衡是不能建立的直到通过自然的阻尼力的作用使振动停止的时候。 (d)重复载荷是一种被应用和去除千万次的载荷。 (e)疲劳载荷或交变载荷是一种大小和设计随时间不断变化的载荷。 上面已经提到，作用于物体的外力与在材料里面产生的相应内力平衡。因此,如果一个杆受到一个均匀的拉伸和压缩，也就是说, 一个力,均匀分布于一截面,那么产生的内力也均匀分布并且可以说杆是受到一个均匀的正常应力,应力被定义为 应力==负载 P /压力 A, 因此根据载荷的性质应力是可以压缩或拉伸的,并被度量为牛顿每平方米或它的倍数。 如果一个杆受到轴向载荷，即是应力，那么杆的长度会改变。如果杆的初始长度L和改变量△L已知，产生的应力定义如下: 应力==改变长△L /初始长 L 因此应力是一个测量材料变形和无量纲的物理量 ,即它没有单位;它只是两个相同单位的物理量的比值。 一般来说,在实践中,在荷载作用下材料的延伸是非常小的, 测量的应力以*10-6的形式是方便的, 即微应变, 使用的符号也相应成为ue。 从某种意义上说，拉伸应力与应变被认为是正的。压缩应力与应变被认为是负的。因此负应力使长度减小。 当负载移除时，如果材料回复到初始的，无负载时的尺寸时，我们就说它是具有弹性的。一特定形式的适用于大范围的工程材料至少工程材料受载荷的大部分的弹性, 产生正比于负载的变形。由于载荷正比于载荷所产生的压力并且变形正比于应变, 这也说明,当材料是弹性的时候, 应力与应变成正比。因此胡克定律陈述, 应力正比于应变。 这定律服从于大部分铁合金在特定的范围内, 甚至以其合理的准确性可以假定适用于其他工程材料比如混凝土，木材，非铁合金。 当一个材料是弹性的时候，当载荷消除之后，任何负载所产生的变形可以完全恢复,没有永久的变形。
机械专业英文翻译
机械专业英文翻译 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
启动轴 starting axle 启动齿轮starting gear 启动棘轮 starting ratchet wheel 复位弹簧 restoring, pull back spring 弹簧座 spring seating 摩擦簧friction spring 推力垫圈 thrust washer 轴挡圈axle bumper ring 下料 filling 切断 cut 滚齿机 gear-hobbing machine 剪料机 material-shearing machine 车床 lathe 拉床 broaching machine 垂直度 verticality, vertical extent 平行度 parallelism同 心度 homocentricity 位置度 position 拉伤 pulling damage 碰伤 bumping damage 缺陷 deficiency 严重缺陷 severe deficiency 摩擦力 friction 扭距 twist 滑动 glide 滚动 roll 打滑 skid 脱不开 can’t seperate 不复位 can’t restore 直径 diameter M值 = 跨棒距 test rod span 公法线 common normal line 弹性 elasticity 频率特性 frequency characteristic 误差 error 响应 response 定位 allocation 机床夹具 jig 动力学 dynamic 运动学 kinematic 静力学 static 分析力学 analyse mechanics 拉伸 pulling 压缩 hitting 机床 machine tool 刀具 cutter 摩擦 friction 联结 link 传动 drive/transmission 轴 shaft 剪切 shear 扭转 twist 弯曲应力 bending stress 三相交流电 three-phase AC 磁路 magnetic circles 变压器 transformer 异步电动机 asynchronous motor 几何形状 geometrical 精度 precision 正弦形的 sinusoid 交流电路 AC circuit 机械加工余量 machining allowance 变形力 deforming force 变形 deformation 电路 circuit 半导体元件 semiconductor element 拉孔 broaching 装配 assembling 加工 machining 液压 hydraulic pressure 切线 tangent 机电一体化 mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 稳定性 stability 介质 medium 液压驱动泵 fluid clutch 液压泵 hydraulic pump 阀门 valve 失效 invalidation 强度 intensity 载荷 load 应力 stress 安全系数 safty factor 可靠性 reliability 螺纹 thread 螺旋 helix 键 spline 销 pin 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 滑动轴承 sliding bearing 弹簧 spring 制动器 arrester brake 十字结联轴节 crosshead 联轴器 coupling 链 chain 皮带 strap 精加工 finish machining 粗加工 rough machining 变速箱体 gearbox casing 腐蚀 rust 氧化 oxidation 磨损 wear 耐用度 durability 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影 projection 视图 view 剖视图 profile chart 标准件 standard component 零件图 part drawing 装配图 assembly drawing 尺寸标注 size marking 技术要求 technical requirements 刚度 rigidity 内力 internal force 位移 displacement 截面 section 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 断裂 fracture 塑性变形 plastic distortion 脆性材料 brittleness material 刚度准则 rigidity criterion 垫圈 washer 垫片 spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear 运动简图 kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条 pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear 虚约束 passive constraint 曲柄 crank 摇杆 racker 凸轮 cams 反馈 feedback 发生器 generator