新发展研究生英语1答案及翻译

Unit 1 Human Reflections

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) content

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. stranded;

2. emeritus;

3. erode;

4. wondrous;

5. yearning;

6. shackled;

7. salvation;

8. nibble;

9. imperfection; 10. erupt

Part B 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B

Bank-Cloze

(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging

(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) tough

Translation

Part A

1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.

2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.

3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.

4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.

5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.

Part B

爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。因此，我们经常错过另一端传来的温馨的甜蜜。爱情这部电话机通常不是程控的，也不是直拨的。并非纯粹说声“喂”便可立即得到回音，更不是一个电话就能深深打动你爱人的心。它通常需要人工转换，你得耐心等待。命运是这部电话的接线员，她总是缺乏责任心，又爱搞恶作剧，或许有意无意地捉弄你一生。

Writing Project

Task One

1. James repeatedly failed the math quizzes, so he decided to drop the course.

2. After we turned all the lights off, we locked the office door. / Before we locked the office door, we turned all the lights off.

3. The concept that disposable plastic bags cause great environmental problems is taking root among the public.

4. I have no idea when(或that) she will be back.

5. The power went off for an hour during the night, so all the clocks in the house must be reset.

6. Most Americans love Chinese food, which is cooked in a different way from western food.

7. The house which stands on top of the hill was built last year.

8. I know the school where my nephew is learning English.

9. Whenever you tell a lie, you do so at the expense of your reputation.

10. It has been three years since I moved into this apartment.

Further Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Because Whitman had experienced hardships in life. He knew what life was but still held onto the belief that where there is life, there is beauty.

2. To most of us, life has its bright side as well as dark side. Sometimes, life is full of hope, but there are moments when we are deserted by it.

3. Everyone in life has moments of joy.

4. Because grumbling denies the existence of wonderful moments in life.

5. The Beauty of Life means different things to different people. Everyone has his own definition of the Beauty of Life. As long as we are cheerful and courageous, we average men can also find it everywhere in life.

Unit 2 Economic Society

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1) staff; (2) comprehensive; (3) marketing; (4) packaging; (5) trends;

(6) processes; (7) extending; (8) forecast; (9) sources; (10) access

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. volatile；

2. magnitude；

3. contingency；

4. disproportionate；

5. confluence；

6. eclipse；

7. anomaly；

8. scrutinize；

9. simultaneously； 10. lull

Part B 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A

Bank-Cloze

(1) loyal; (2) hinder; (3) recession; (4) disproportionally; (5) spending

(6) eliminate; (7) slightly; (8) integrity; (9) accessible; (10) lure

Translation

Part A

1. Let’s capitalize on our heritage by raising the level of proficiency in the usage of the Chinese language for the love of the culture and art.

2. The study shows that the nervous system can be likened to a telephone exchange.

3. After executives probe for gaps in the market, the companies should pull other resources in their wake.

4. A qualified CEO should understand various economic policies as well as optimal allocation of resources.

5. My father drove buses for several years after the demise of the streetcar in Washington and retired in 1973.

Part B

如果世界正走向地狱，你应该买进什么呢？当报纸的头条充斥着关于信贷危机的报道，一家又一家大银行面临着破产威胁，这是所有投资者需要考虑的问题。这很大程度上取决于你认为大灾难会以什么样的形式到来。过去数周来，投资者开始蜂拥购买美国长期国库券，想依赖美国政府无可责难的信用。但是随着美元几乎每天都在下跌，在外国投资者眼中，美国政府已经变得像理查德·尼克松一样应该受到指责，他们可能得到的回报是一堆贬值的纸片儿。另外，像一些观察家所估计的那样，如

果美联储急着救市，对通货膨胀不闻不问，那么美国国内的投资者也许会认为国库券3.4%的10年期利率（2008年3月18日起）没有任何吸引力。

Reading Comprehension

1. Firstly, a lack of anything new or exciting at the mall; secondly, a limited selection of restaurants; thirdly, too many of the stores carry the same merchandise; fourthly, shoppers experiences trouble in parking their cars.

2. Shoppers were most likely to complain to others about teenage loitering, and the complaint will lead to a series of bad-mouthing about the mall.

3. Men experience more problems than women, but women are more likely to complain to others about the problems.

4. When some large anchor department stores close down, there will be some abandoned spaces and such places are not easily transformed into new uses.

5. Because the malls will look like an abandoned neighborhood with more space in the mall going dark. It will only worsen the shopping environment and customers will cut down their visits.

Unit 3 Does Love Make You Sick?

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1). non-medical (2). Symptoms (3). Principal (4). Diagnosis

(5). Advent (6). Similarities (7). self-esteem (8). hangs

(9). Contemplated (10). appetite

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. Genteel

2. Extravagant

3. Manic

4. inexplicable

5. Throes

6. Quotidian

7. Prairie

8. Wryly

9. impetuous

10. gibberish

Part B 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A

Bank-Cloze

(1). Emergency (2). Rethink (3). Slim (4). Core (5). outlines

(6). Intuitive (7). Signals (8). Junk (9). Tracks (10). wage

Translation

Part A

1. It was inexplicable that she had been subject to a man so mean in mind, so plain in character.

2. The masses of Taiwan compatriots, particularly Taiwan business people, eagerly yearn for the opening of direct air and shipping services as quickly as possible.

3. Love is a panacea that cures spiritual wounds.

4. Do you think there is any likelihood of his becoming deranged if being deserted again?

5. The famous singer on the stage waited patiently for the applause to die down before she began to sing.

Part B

夫妻一方患有重病往往会使另一方变成照顾者。虽然许多人认为这一角色是值得一做的，但它其实是非常艰苦的，并且对照顾者的健康构成威胁。照顾者患忧郁症是很普遍的。调查显示每星期花九个小时或更多时间照顾患病或残疾丈夫的妻子更容易得冠心病，这也许是因为时间的限制和经济负担压得她们喘不过气来，也因为她们每天看着自己心爱的人痛苦而备受煎熬。这还不是最糟的情况。扮演照顾者角色的一方会经常精神紧张，她们的死亡率比不用照顾病人的对照组高63%。这种风险甚至

会在至爱的一方死去之后还一直持续。对一对恩爱的夫妻而言，一方会在另一方离开人世后的很短时间里追随而去的情况并不少见。一位专家表示你常可以看到人们在失去至爱后的18个月内患上癌症或慢性疾病。当然，已婚的夫妇无法重新选择。夫妻一方生病或受伤会有许多难关需要度过。身体健康的一方必须认真考虑自己对另一方的身体病患到底负有怎样的责任义务？开诚布公的交谈，这为心理调整提供了需要的空间，适度的幽默感会起到决定性作用。

Writing Project

Task One

1. d, i

2. f, b

3. e, c

4. a, g

5. h, j

Further Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. He had gained 80 pounds from eating on the run which caused his obesity, and he had heart disease, with LDL (bad cholesterol) being too high and HDL (good cholesterol) too low.

2. Because fat cells in the belly do more damage. They release fatty acids and other substances that travel directly to the liver.

3. Sometimes the doctors are ignorant of women’s heart diseases, and the gold standard test for people complaining of chest pain is less reliable in women.

4. First, she shouldn’t smoke. Then, she can ask her doctor about a special test called an ABI. If she finds that she is at risk, she should talk to her doctor about taking a statin.

5. Their purpose is not to push pills for millions of teenagers and kids, but to draw attention to the rise in juvenile obesity and inform parents of the harm of poor health habits.

Unit 4 Liberal Arts

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1) aspire; (2) understanding; (3) comparison; (4) accountants; (5) earnest; (6) curiosity; (7) resiources;

(8) strength; (9) conspire; (10) justice

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. populace;

2. ancestry;

3. rebuke;

4. is concerned with;

5. retrogress;

6. superstition;

7. apply to;

8. ludicrous;

9. variant; 10. impartial

Part B

1. advantage;

2. favorite;

3. mock;

4. fixed on ;

5. unprogressive;

6. stubborn;

7. obstacle;

8. peaceful;

9. native; 10. rude

Bank-Cloze

(1) require; (2) adolescent; (3) reform; (4) eliminating; (5) science;

(6) individual; (7) restoring; (8) doctrine; (9) function; (10) heritage

Translation

Part A

1.His devotion to the raise of rural education level for a long time has brought him to the front.

2.He did not want to claim social superiority, nor would be claim intrinsic personal superiority.

3.The negotiations struck a snag when the union leaders asked for paid holiday in addition to the usual wage increase.

4.These English colonists were self-disciplined people who wanted to escape religious persecution.

5.The impartial observer had to acknowledge that his lack of formal education did not seem to impede him in any way. Part B

30年来，雇主们雇用毕业生是因为其学历而不是其能力；职业、薪水、甚至提升一直都依赖文凭。现在许多大的雇主已经开始不仅仅注重学历了。例如，一些大银行正在研究进行入行考试的可能性，以此来测试求职的大学毕业生的知识和能力。学生和家长们也将在各个层次对学校的责任提出更高的要求。因为学区和学校只授予学位而不传授相应的必要技术而被提起诉讼的事越来越普遍。许多年轻人已经开始转向具有实用性的、“过硬的”学科。他们不关心所谓的“青年文化”和媒体，而是从心理学转向医学，从社会学转向会计学，从黑人研究转向计算机程序设计。

Unit 5 Dumped!

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1) scans; (2) dumped; (3) acutely; (4) beloved; (5) activated; (6) mood; (7) craving; (8) obsession; (9) attachment; (10) deadly

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. courtship;

2. forlorn;

3. wears on;

4. myriad;

5. rekindle;

6. become obsessed with;

7. sever;

8. entice;

9. haunt; 10. storm out

Part B

1. thwart;

2. melancholy;

3. psychiatrist;

4. lethargy;

5. berate;

6. trauma;

7. agonize;

8. rupture;

9. extricate; 10. reconciliation

Bank-Cloze

(1) confirms; (2) steady; (3) chores; (4) stem; (5) biological;

(6) marital; (7) stepchildren; (8) grievance; (9) strain; (10) exert

Translation

Part A

1. While you might want to hole up and be alone, research shows that people cope better with stress in the presence of others, especially others undergoing similar stress.

2. When our love is rejected, our brain will scale sown their activity of making dopamine. Consequently, we feel depressed.

3. The President can ask for reconciliation in the racial conflict that divides Americans, but reconciliation comes only from the hearts of people.

4. These people spent an average of eight years of terror in mental hospital, sustaining tremendous mental trauma.

5. The explanation involves business, politics and history, and is in many respects a case study of how these three factors can intertwine with unhealthy consequences in Asia.

Part B

一项最新调查研究显示，和你的伴侣吵上一架有益于身体健康。根据一项跟踪了192对美国夫妇17年的调查显示，夫妻两人均压抑自己的愤怒会让他们的死亡率比至少有一方站出来争吵的夫妇高出一倍。夫妇两人在一起，一项主要的任务就是和解冲突。关键在于当发生冲突时，如何消解它？之前的研究已经表明，压抑愤怒会增加和压力相关的疾病的患病率，比如心脏病和高血压。这项研究着眼于婚姻中被压抑的愤怒与其造成的怨恨是如何影响整体死亡率的。这和年龄、吸烟状况、体重、血

压、支气管疾病、呼吸状况、患心血管疾病的风险都有关系。一位专家和他的同事们用问卷调查的方式来了解夫妻双方对于那些自己认为不公平的行为是如何回应的。有26对夫妻双方都会选择压抑愤怒，而剩下的166对夫妇中至少有一方会表达自己的愤怒。在夫妻双方均压抑愤怒的家庭中，有一半已经失去了一方配偶，而在另外的166对夫妻中，在17年后失去一方配偶的家庭只占26%。调查还显示，压抑愤怒的夫妇双方均死亡的可能性竟然高达5倍。但是这位专家告诫道，这个结果仍旧是初步的，并不能作为一个有代表性的样本反映目前婚姻关系。

Writing Project

Task One

1. d b e a c;

2. e c a b d f;

3. b e a d c;

4. d b c f a e;

5. Contrast.

Further Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Yes. Any bad luck befalling was attributed to their decision to have no children.

2. The author cites it to show that our cultural belief that having kids is the key to happiness and a healthy life is still popular. That’s why Simon received plenty of hate mail.

3. Because in most parents’ opinions, parenthood is supposed to be a blessing from God and if they say that child rearing makes them feel depressed, it’s blasphemy.

4. On the one hand, the society is different because of the major shifts in employment patterns and working couples have less support from extended family; on the other hand, parents today also expect too much from the promise of parenting.

5. Whether having kids will make you happy or not depends on your attitude. Kids can be gifts from God if you keep looking at the blissful moment they bring or kids can be ruin of your life if you just keep looking at the troubles and difficulties they cause.

Unit 6 Why So Much Is Beyond Words

Before Reading Activities

1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.

(1) obvious; (2) the use of words; (3) non-verbal communication;

(4) sending and receiving; (5) gesture; (6) object communication; (7) voice quality;

(8) Likewise; (9) face-to-face interaction; (10) classified

Ⅱ. Language Focus

Vocabulary

Part A

1. give off;

2. superfluous;

3. manipulate;

4. meander;

5. embrace;

6. garrulous;

7. dizzy;

8. mimic;

9. odor; 10. epoch

Part B

1. primer;

2. dazzling;

3. marvel;

4. commune;

5. overt;

6. quirky;

7.prop;

8. anonymous;

9. duplicitous; 10.Mystical

Bank-Cloze

(1) observations; (2) universal; (3) contract; (4) regardless of; (5) identify;

(6) by and large; (7) set; (8) interpret; (9) imitate; (10) spontaneous

Translation

Part A

1. It is very hard to get across the cultural factors in their communications with local people to foreign visitors.

2. The method of management in the past time of industry economy is doomed to be substituted by new digital integration.

3. Ambitious coaches cannot be so foolish as to indulge in sports at the expense of their school students.

4. Sometimes people can’t communicate successfully with each other just because they fall short of utilizing appropriate facial expressions and gestures.

5. The warranty does not hold good for any damage to the machine caused by accident or improper use.

Part B

当美国人在谈话时，他们期望别人对其所讲的内容有所响应。对他们来说，有礼貌的谈话者应该靠表现出的惊喜、讨厌、吃惊或悲哀的表情来与别人进行心灵的沟通。人们会用怀疑的眼光看待将感情隐藏于毫无表情的、带着一张“扑克脸”的人。美国人在谈话中也会以扬眉、点头、有礼貌的微笑以及保持适度的目光接触来表示他们对谈话者的注意。然而在某些文化中，人们认为直接的凝视是不礼貌或是一种威胁；美国人则认为这是真挚诚恳的表现。假如一个人不用正眼看你，美国人可能会觉得你应该对他的动机起疑，或者假设他不喜欢你。不过，就对目光接触的关注而言，美国人也认为盯着看人——特别是盯着看陌生人——是不礼貌的。

考虑到非言语交际的影响，我们其实从未真正地停止过沟通。我们如何走路、站立、如何使用双手、如何举手投足、如何表现情绪等都在向他人传递信息。这也就是为什么像俗语所说的“看一个人就像读一本书一样。”假如你读懂了一个人，那么就像在那拥挤房间中的男孩及女孩后来发现的一样，也许一个爱情故事由此诞生。

Writing Project

Task One

are 1. Why is Martha and her mother digging a hole in their garden so late at night?

looks 2. Neither of my children look like me.

were 3. Three goats, a potbellied pig, and a duck was among the entrants in the pet

parade.

look 4. The little balls all over my pink sweater looks like woolen goose bumps.

are 5. Here is the low-calorie cola and the double-chocolate cake you ordered.

interferes 6. The odor of those perfumed ads interfere with my enjoyment of a magazine.

is 7. One of my roommates are always leaving wet towels on the bathroom floor.

are 8. A tiny piece of gum and some tape is holding my old glasses together.

begins 9. A man in his forties often begin to think about making a contribution to the world and not just about himself.

has 10. Each of the child’s thirty-four stuffed animals have a name and an entire life

history.

have 11. The majority has their tickets for the boat ride.

is 12. Tomorrow, a rescue team are expected to arrive at the site of the crash.

Further Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. The medium refers to the cultural air breathed by a group, in which they interpret history, define their social identity, and create a system of values.

2. Incorrect understanding of the other side’s behaviors led to the conflict.

3. First of all, culture is always relevant. Besides, the medium changes as the environment around it changes. Finally, the medium is life-sustaining.