新东方10000词汇学习笔记-2

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 3（3）

1、allocate（vt）～sth to sb/sth assign sth for a special perpuse（为某目的）配给，分配某事物给某人allocate funds to us for repair work 拨出经费给我们做修理费

◎allocation（n）配给，分配，拨出

★apportion（vt）～sth among/to sb give sth as a share分配某事物，分派某事物

I don’t wish to apportion blame among you/to any of you。我不愿意怪罪大家。

◎apportionment（n）分配，分派

2、brawl（n）大声争吵，打架

（vi）打闹

gangs of youths brawling in the streets 在街上打打闹闹的一帮青年

★fight（vi）～against 争取克服、战胜、摧毁或防止某事物

fight against poverty 与贫困做斗争

The two dogs are fighting over a bone。两只小狗为一块骨头撕咬。

（vi）～about/over sth 争吵，争论

It’s a trivial matter and not worth fighting about。区区小事不值得争吵。

（词组）fight back 反击，回击，抵抗

After a disastrous first half the team fought back to level the match。该队在上半场惨败后重整旗鼓以求扳回平局。

（词组）fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退某人某事物

fighting off repeated enemy attack 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻。

3、cynical（adj）愤世嫉俗的，自私的不为人所齿的，心中只有自己的

They’ve grown rather cynical about democracy他们逐渐感到所谓民主制度也不过尔尔。

★sarcastic（adj）讽刺的，讥讽的，挖苦的

a sarcastic person 好挖苦的人

◎sarcasm（n）讽刺，挖苦

★contemptuous（adj）鄙视的，表示轻蔑的

He threw it away with contemptuous gesture。他带着不屑一顾的样子把它扔了。

★sneer（vi）～at sb/sth 嘲笑，讥笑某人某事物

I resent the way he sneer at our efforts 我们已十分努力而他还讥笑我们，我很反感。

4、embellish（vt）～sth with sth 美化、装饰或修饰某物；渲染、添枝加叶（使之更有趣，可笑）

a dress embellished with lace and ribbons 有花边和饰带的连衣裙

He often embellishes the tales of his travels。他常给他的旅游趣闻添枝加叶。

◎embellishment（n）装饰、渲染、润色；装饰之物

★adorn（vt）～sth/sb/oneself with sth 装饰某物、某人、自己，装点，佩戴，装扮

The dancer was adorned with flowers 跳舞的人戴着许多花。

5、gallant（adj）勇敢的，英勇的；华丽的，堂皇的

a gallant soldier 勇敢的战士

a gallant ship 华丽的船

◎gallantry（n）勇气，勇敢，英勇

He won many hearts by his gallantry。他以殷勤热情赢得芳心无数。

★splendid（adj）华丽的，壮丽的，堂皇的

a splendid house 富丽堂皇的房子

6、immerse（vt）～sth in sth 使某物浸于某液体中

immerse the plant in water 把植物浸在水中

（vi）～oneself in sth 使自己专心于，沉浸于

He immersed himself totally in his work。他埋头于工作。

★plunge（vi）使某物突然而猛力投入，穿入，进入等；陷入；使某物突然前移或跌落

They plunged into the water 他们跳进了水中

The news plunged us in despair。我们听到那消息后就陷入了绝望。

7、ostentatious（adj）夸耀的，炫耀的，卖弄的

dress in a very ostentatious manner 穿的非常显眼

◎ostentation（n）（对财富、知识、技巧等的）夸耀、炫耀、卖弄

Their daughter’s wedding reception was sheer ostentations 他们女儿大办婚事纯粹是为了炫耀。★showy（adj）炫耀的，显示的

8、presentiment（n）预感（尤指不祥的），凶兆

a presentiment of trouble ahead 要出乱子的预感

★foreboding（n）要有危险或坏事的预感

She had a sinister foreboding that the plane would crash。她有个不祥的预感，飞机要失事。◎forebode（v）预示（尤指坏事）

9、satiate（vt）（通常用于被动语态）使某人充分满足而不再需要某事物

She pushed her chair back from the table，satiated。她把椅子从餐桌处向后挪了挪，再也吃不下了。

a surfeit of rich food is bad for you。多吃油腻食物对身体有害。

（vt）～sb/oneself with/on sth 向某人/自己过多的提供某物（尤指食物）

10、undulate（vi）波动，起伏，呈波浪形

wheat undulating in the breeze 微风中起伏的麦浪

◎undulation（n）波动，起伏

★wave（vi）（指固定的物体）往复或上下摆动

a flag waving in the breeze 微风中飘扬的旗子

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 3（4）

1、apparel（n）（旧或文）衣服，服装

lords and ladies in rich apparel

★garment（n）（文或谑）（一件）衣服

a strange shapeless garment that had once been a jacket 用夹克改成的怪模怪样的衣服

2、cajole（vt）～sb into/out of sth 哄骗某人作某事，劝诱某人（指用恭维或欺骗的手段）

She was cajoled into accepting a new contract。她受人哄骗而接受了新合同

～sth out of sb 以哄骗的手段从某人处得到（信息）

The confession had to be cajoled out of him 连哄带劝他才坦白。

He coaxed her into letting him take her to the cinema。他哄的她同意带她去看电影

～sth out of/from sb 用好言好语劝说某人

I had to coax information out of him 我得用好话套出他掌握的情况。

3、discard（vt）扔掉，丢弃（某物）；不再使用，不再穿戴（已没用的物品）

discard one’s winter clothes in spring 春天里换下冬装

★reject（vt）拒绝接受（某人某事物）

She rejected his offer of marriage。她拒绝了他的求婚

抛弃某物，摒弃，剔除

Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control 我们进行质量检验时，有缺陷的产品均应剔除。

4、effete（adj）衰弱的，丧失权力的；缺乏活力和力量的，虚弱的

an effete civilization 没落的文明an effete young man 无精打采的年轻人

★exhausted（adj）极其疲倦的

5、grudge（vt）怨恨某事物，勉强作某事或给某物

He grudges her earning more than he does 他妒忌她挣的比他多

★resent（vt）（因受到伤害、侮辱等）而感到愤恨、怨恨或气愤

I bitterly resent your criticism 我对你批评我的话十分反感

6、kidnap（v）诱拐、绑架、劫持

Two businessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists 有两个商人让恐怖分子给劫持了

★abduct（vt）诱拐绑架

◎abduction（n）

7、pact（n）（人，团体，国家等间的）契约、协议、条约、公约

a non－aggression pact 互不侵犯条约

★treaty（n）（国家之间的）条约、协定

sign a peace treaty with a neighbouring country 与邻国签订和平条约

8、pry（vi）～into sth 打听，打探某人的私事

I don’t want them prying into my affairs 我不愿他们打探我的私事

★peep（vi）～at sth 匆匆的，诡秘且小心的偷看，窥视

peeping at a secret document 偷看秘密文件

9、scour（vt）～sth out 将某物刷净或擦亮

scour the pots and pans 将壶和锅刷干净

～sth away/off 擦掉，刷去污垢

★ransack（vt）～sth for sth 彻底搜寻某处；抢劫某物，掠夺

I have ransacked the house for those papers我满房子到处找那些文件

10、swagger（vi）（贬）趾高气扬的走路或行事

He took his prize and swaggered to his seat 他领奖后得意洋洋的回到自己的座位上

She strutted past us，ignoring our greeting 她神气活现的从我们面前走过，我们打招呼她都不理。

11、vagary（n）（通常作复数）怪异多变，奇想

The vagaries of fashion 时髦样式

★fancy（n）想象力（尤指对非现实的事物）

I have a fancy that he will be late。我感觉到他要迟到。

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 3（5）

1、asset（n）～to sb/sth 有价值或有用的特性或技能；有价值的或有用的人

Good health is a great asset。

（n）（通常作复数）（属于个人或公司所有的，可以用于抵偿债务的）财产、资产

His assets included shares in the company and a house in Landon。他的财产包括公司的股票和位于伦敦的房子。

★property（n）所有物，财产，资产

The jewels were her personal property。那些首饰是她的私人财产。

（n）所有，所有权

Property brings duties and responsibilities。有了财产也就有了权利和义务。

（n）（尤作复数）（物质等的）特性、性质

Certain plants have medicinal properties。有些植物具有药效效用。

There was a deep political chasm between the two countries which nearly let to a war。两国间的政治冲突几乎导致战争。

（比喻）（人或团体等的感情和利益）的巨大差距，分歧

★gap（n）opening or break in sth or between tow things 缺口，裂口，豁口、

The road goes through a gap in the hills。公路从山间峡谷穿过。

（n）空间的间隔

a gap of five miles between towns 镇与镇之间相隔五公里

（n）分离

a wide gap between the two people 两人意见的巨大分歧

3、despoil（vt）～sth of sth 从（某处）抢劫有价值之物，掠夺某物

Museums have despoiled India of many priceless treasures。博物馆里有许多从印度掠夺来的无价之宝。

★depredation（n）（由攻击、事故等造成的）损坏、破坏

The town survived the depredations of marauding gangs。这个城镇经受住了打家劫舍的匪徒造成的破坏。

4、facetious（adj）（贬）（常为不当的）引人发笑的，诙谐的

a facetious young man 耍贫嘴的小伙子

★humorous（adj）幽默的，滑稽的，诙谐的

5、hurtle（vi）猛力的或飞快的朝某方向运动

The van hurtled round the corner。货车飞快的转过街角。

★dash（vi）～for sth 突进，猛冲

6、larceny（n）（法律）盗窃、盗窃罪

◎larcenous（adj）

★robbery（n）抢劫、盗窃、偷窃、失窃

7、pervade（vt）弥漫、渗遍、遍布、充满

The smell of baked apples pervaded the house。房子里弥漫着烤苹果的香味。

◎pervasion（n）

★spread（vt）（pt，pp spread）～sth out on/over sth 展开、铺开、摊开

The bird spread out its wings 那只鸟张开了翅膀

8、recant（v）宣布放弃（以前的意见、信仰等）；（因不正确）撤回，撤销（意见、声明等）recant one’s former beliefs 宣布放弃以前的信仰

★retract（v）撤回或撤销（声明、指控的）；拒绝遵守或执行协议

The accused refused to retract his statement 那被告拒不撤销其供述。

9、shamble（vi）笨拙的走或跑（拖着脚）

That old tramp shambled up to me。那个老流浪汉拖着脚向我走来。

◎shambles（n）混乱的场面、凌乱、杂乱

★confusion（n）迷惑，慌乱；混乱，杂乱

Her unexpected arrival threw us into total confusion。她来得很突然，使我们完全不知所措。

10、taboo（n）（某些文化的）禁忌、忌讳；不涉及某事物的一致做法

There is a taboo on smoking in this office。这个办公室里一向都不吸烟的。

★prohibition（n）禁止、阻止

11、trappings（n）（威望、财富等的）外在标志

He had trappings of high office but no real power。他空有高官的派头却无实权。

★decorations（n）装饰品，装饰物

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 4（1）

1、abdicate（vt）formally relinquish （power，a high official position）正式放弃（权力、高位）

He has abdicated all responsibility in the affair 他已经放弃了这件事中的一切职责。

◎abdication（n）

★relinquish（vt）give up or cease to practice，abandon；不再采取行动，不再有某种感觉，放弃

He had relinquished all hope that she was alive。他已经放弃了她还活着的希望。

★abandon（vt）离开（某人某物某地）而不返回，遗弃、抛弃；离弃

give orders to abandon ship 下令弃船

（vt）give up completely（esp sth began）完全放弃（尤指已经开始的事物，如方案、设计、计划等）

The match was abandoned because of bad weather。比赛因恶劣天气而取消。

（vt）yield completely to（an emotion of impulse）完全屈从于（某种情感或冲动）～oneself to sth He abandoned himself to despair。他陷入绝望中

◎abandonment（n）

★surrender（vi，vt）stop resisting an enemy，yield；give up 停止抵抗，投降，屈服，放弃；～（on eself）（to sb）

The hijackers finally surrendered to the police。劫机者终于向警方投降了。

（vt）give up possession of sth/sb when forced by others or by necessity；hand sth/sb over 被迫放弃对某物（某人）的控制权，交出某事物（某人）

◎surrender（n）

2、accrue（vi）come as a natural increase or advantage，esp financial；accumulate 自然增长或利益增加（尤指财务）；积累～to sb from sth

Interest will accrue if you keep your money in a saving account 把钱存在储蓄帐户里就会生息。

◎accrual（n）

★accumulate（vt）gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth get sth in t his way 积累，聚积（某物）

accumulate enough evidence to ensure his conviction 搜集足够的证据以给他定罪。

（vi）increase in number or quantity 增加

Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly。房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就会越积越多。

◎accumulative（adj）

◎accumulation）（n）

★amass（vt）gather together or collect esp in large quantities （尤指大量的）积累，积聚，收集（某事物）

amass a fortune 积累财富

★gather（v）come or bring sb/sth in one place 聚集，集合，召集～sb/sth round sth/sb

a musical evening with the whole family gathered round the piano。全家围坐在钢琴旁的音乐晚会

（vt）bring together objects that have been spread about 收集，收拢（分散的东西）～sth togeth er/up

She gathered up her scattered belongings and left。她把自己的散乱物品收好就走了。

3、badger（vt）pester sb，nag sb persistently 纠缠某人，烦扰某人～sb with/for sth ～sb into doing sth

She kept badgering her father into answering strange questions。她一直缠着爸爸回答奇怪的问题。

（n）徽章

★bother（vt）cause trouble or annoyance to sb，pester sb 打扰或烦扰某人，给某人添麻烦～sb abo ut/with sb

I am sorry to bother you，but could you tell me the way to the station。对不起打扰一下，请问去车站怎么走？

（vt）worry sb 使某人不安

The problem has been bothering me for weeks。那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。

★pester（vt）annoy or disturb sb esp with frequent requests 打扰或纠缠某人（尤指不断提出要求）Beggars pestered him for money。乞丐缠着向他讨钱。

4、baffle（vt）be too difficult for sb to understand；puzzle 使某人困惑，难倒

Police are baffled as to the identity of the killer。警方不解凶手是谁

◎bafflement（n）

◎baffling（adj）难以了解的

★bewilder（vt）puzzle sb；confuse 迷惑某人，混乱

The child was bewildered by the noise and the crowds。孩子让噪声和人群弄的晕头转向。

◎bewildering（adj）令人困惑的，费解的

◎bewilderment（n）混乱，困惑

使迷惑，使为难

They confused me by asking so many questions。他们提了一大堆问题把我都弄糊涂了。

（vt）mistake one person or thing with another 混淆～A and/with B

Don’t confuse Austria and Australia。不要把奥地利跟澳大利亚弄混淆了。

5、conjecture（v）（书面语）form and express an opinion not based on firm evidence；guess 推测，猜测～about sth

Don’t conjectured about the outcome。不要对结果妄加猜测。

（n）猜测，推测

Your theory is pure conjecture。拟的理论纯粹是主观臆测。

◎conjectural（adj）推测的，猜测的

★surmise（vt）（书面语）suppose without having evidence that makes it certain；guess 猜测某事物，猜想，揣测

With no news from the explorers we can only surmise their present position。我们没有探险者的消息，只能猜测他们现在所处的位置。

（n）猜测，猜想

Your first surmise is right。你第一次猜对了。

★guess（v）give an answer，form an opinion or make a statement about sth without calculating or mea suring 猜想，估计、臆测，猜测

6、deranged（adj）精神错乱的，（尤指）有精神病的，精神失常的

◎derangement（n）

★upset（vt）打翻，弄翻（尤指无意的）

（vt）搅乱，扰乱计划等

7、fiend（n）dvilspirit；devil 恶魔，魔鬼；恶魔般的人，穷凶极恶的人

The fiends of hell 地狱的魔鬼

★devil（n）魔鬼，鬼怪；恶人，坏蛋，调皮鬼，淘气鬼

8、pine（v）unhappy esp because sb has died or gone away 痛苦（尤指因生离死别）

She certainly hasn’t been pining while you were away。你不在的时候她可并不难受。

（vi）long for or miss sb/sth 渴望或想念某人～for sb/sth

They were pining to return home 他们渴望返回家园。

★yearn（vi）desire strongly or with compassion or tenderness；be filled with longing 渴望，怜悯，思念，留念，盼望～for sb/sth

They yearned for their home and family他们怀念故国家园。

★desire（vt）wish for sth；want 希望得到某事物，想要

We all desire happiness and health。我们都希望幸福和健康。

9、smother（vt）cause sb to die from lack of air；or from not being able to breathe；suffocate （使某人）窒息，闷死

She felt smothered with kindness ta感受到难以消受的热情。

（vt）用灰、沙等熄灭或闷住（火）

Smother the flames from the burning pan with a wet towel。用湿毛巾把锅里的火扑灭。

★choke（vi）be unable to breathe because one’s windpipe is blocked by sth 窒息；（掐住或阻塞气管）使某人难以呼吸，呛～on sth

She choked to death on a fish bone。鱼刺把她卡住而窒息。

★suffocate（vt）cause sb to die as a result of not being able to breathe 使某人窒息而死，将某人闷死Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft。乘客在燃烧的飞机中窒息而亡。

★throttle（vt）seize sb by the throat and stop him breathing；strangle 扼某人的颈部，使窒息，勒死Throttle the guard before robbing the safe。勒死警卫然后枪保险箱。

10、throb（vi）（of the heart，pulse，etc）beat，esp faster or stronger than usual （指心脏、脉搏）跳动（尤指跳动较快或较强）；悸动，搏动～with sth

Her heart was throbbing with excitement。她兴奋的心直跳

（vi）（有规律）的跳动、颤动，或发出声响

The ships engine throbbed quietly。船上的发动机发出轻微的震动。

★pulse（vi）move with strong regular movements；beat or throb 强列而有规律的跳动。搏动，震动The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins 这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了。

（n）脉搏，节拍，（声波，光波，电波等的）一次脉动

★flutter（vi）（of the wings of birds，butterflies，etc ）move lightly and quickly （指鸟、蝴蝶等的翅膀）轻而快的抖动，拍翅

The wings of the bird still fluttered after it had been shot down。那鸟被击落后翅膀仍在抖动（vi）move about in quick irregular way 迅速而无规则的乱动；飘动

a flag fluttering from the mast－head 在旗杆上飘扬着的旗帜。

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 4（2）

1、broth（n）（煮肉、鱼或蔬菜的）清汤、原汤、高汤

★soup（n）汤，羹

（习）in the soup 处于困境，出麻烦

If your Mum finds out what you have done，you will really be in the soup。要是你妈妈发觉你干的事，你就要倒霉了。

2、crevice（n）narrow opening or crack in a rock or wall（岩石、墙壁等的）裂缝、缺口

★crack（n）line along which sth has broken，but not into separate parts 裂缝、裂纹

a cup with bad cracks in it 有许多裂纹的杯子

（n）narrow opening 缝隙

She looked through a crack in the curtains 他透过帘子的缝隙观望

（词组）～on sth 重击（通常为可听到响声的）

（习）the crack of dawn 黎明、破晓

get up at the crack of dawn 黎明就起床

（习）the crack of doom 世界末日

To get a bus here you have to wait till the crack of doom在这要等到世界末日才能有公共汽车。

（v）develop a crack or cracks 使开裂，破裂，爆裂

You can crack this toughened glass，but you can’t break it这种韧化玻璃只裂不碎。

3、demean（vt）lower oneself in dignity，deprive oneself of other’s respect 降低自己的身份，失去别人的尊重，贬低自己～oneself

Don’t demean yourself by telling such obvious lies 你不要用这种明显的谎言自贬人格。

◎demeaning（adj）降低身份的，卑微的，堕落的

He found it very demeaning to have to work for his former employee。他觉得要为他以前的雇员工作很失身份。

某人丢脸

I felt degrade by having to ask for money。我出于无奈向别人要钱而自觉有失尊严。

4、foster（vt）help the growth or development of sth；encourage or promote 培养，培育某物；鼓励，促进

foster the growth of local industries 扶植地方工业

（v）照顾，抚养（法律上不属于自己的孩子），领养，收养

People who cannot have a baby of their own sometimes foster a child。不能生育的人有时领养别人的孩子。

★nurse（v）take care of the sick or injured；look after 看护、护理（病人或受伤者），照顾某人My mother has been nursing for 40 years。我母亲40年来一直做护理工作。

（vt）give special care to sth；help to develop 特别照料，培养

nurse young plants 培育幼苗

5、incentive（n）thing that encourages sb to do sth；stimulus 激励某人做某事的事物，刺激；奖励～to do sth

They don’t try very hard，but then there’s no incentive 他们不太卖力气，不过却也没给他们奖励。

★stimulus（n）（pl stimuli）thing that produces a reaction in living things 使生物体产生反应之物，刺激物

The nutrient in the soil act as a stimulus to growth 土壤中的养分能促进植物生长。

（n）起鼓舞或激励作用的事物，促进因素

Her words of praise were a stimulus to work harder 她赞扬的话鼓舞人工作更加努力。

e’s way迷宫迷魂阵

We got lost in Hampton Court maze。我们在汉普顿科特迷宫迷了路。

（n）confused collection or complicated mass of facts，etc （事情等的）错综，复杂

fin d one’s way through the maze of rules and regulations 在纷繁的规则和条例中寻找出路。

★labyrinth（n）complicated network of winding passages，paths，etc through which it is difficult to fi nd one’s way迷宫

The old building was a labyrinth of dark corridors。那座古老建筑是一座长廊纵横、光线昏暗的迷宫。

7、pore（v）pore over sth 钻研（某事物），审查、审视

She was poring over an old map of the area。她正在仔细查阅该地区的地图。

（n）皮肤上的毛孔，叶子上的气孔

He was sweating at every pore。他汗流浃背。

9、rubbish（n，不可数名词）waste or worthless material 垃圾，废物

（n）（贬，常用作感叹用语）无聊的想法等，胡说

His book is a load of rubbish 他的书简直是废话连篇。

★trash（n，不可数名词）material，writing etc of poor quality 拙劣的作品，材料；垃圾，废物

He thinks most modern arts is trash 他认为现代艺术大都是糟粕。

10、speculate（vi）form opinions without having definite or complete knowledge or evidence；guess 思考，思索，推断，推测～about/on./upon sth

I wouldn’t like to speculate on the reasons for her resignation 我不愿意猜测她辞职的原因。

I meditate in order to relax。我沉思冥想借以松弛精神。

11、transfix（vt）（尤用于被动语态）stick sth pointed completely through sth/sb 用某物刺穿某人（某物）～sth/sb with/on sth

a fish transfixed with a harpoon 用鱼叉叉穿的鱼

（vt）（尤用于被动语态）make sb unable to move，think or speak because of fear，astonishment，etc 使某人（因恐惧，惊愕）不能动弹、思想或说话～sb with sth

He stood staring at the ghost，transfixed with terror。他站在那里看着那个鬼，吓得不能动弹。

★petrify（vt）（尤用于被动语态）make sb unable to think，move，act，etc because of fear，surprise，etc 使某人惊呆或吓呆～sb with sth

The idea of making a speech in the public petrified him 一想到要在大庭广众面前讲演，他就紧张的不知所措。

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记lesson 4（3）

1、anomaly（n）anomalous thing；irregularity 异常的事物，不合规则

The many anomalies in the tax system 税务制度中的多种异常现象

◎anomalous（adj）different from what is normal；irregular 异常的，不规则的

He is in an anomalous position as the only part－time worker in the firm。他与众不同，是公司唯一的兼职人员。

★abnormal（adj）different，esp in an undesirable way，from what is normal，ordinary or expected 反常的，不正常的，变态的

abnormal weather conditions 反常的天气

◎abnormality（n）异常，反常，变态

★irregular（adj）not regular in shape，arrangement，etc，uneven （形状）不规则的，（安排）无规律的，不平坦的～in sth

a coast with an irregular outline 曲折的海岸线

（adj）not happening，coming，going，etc regularly；varying or unequal （发生，来去等）无规律的，不平坦的

occur at irregular intervals 不定期发生

（adj）contrary to the rules or what is normal or established 不规则的，不合常规的，非正规的。

◎irregularity（n）不整齐，不平坦，不规则，不合常规

2、converge（vi）（of lines，moving objects，etc）（come towards each other and）meet at a point （指线条、运动的物体等）会于一点，向一点会合，聚集～on sb/sth；～at sth

armies converging on the capital city 向首都集结的各路军队

（vi）become similar or identical （趋于）相似或相同

Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge 我们原来相互对立的观点开始趋于一致。

◎convergent（adj）相交的，趋于一致的

◎convergence（n）

★focus（n）（pl focuses or foci）（光、声等的）中心点，源；焦点，焦距；聚集，调焦；活动的中心，使人感兴趣的所在

In tonigh t’s programme our focus is on Germany。今天晚上我们的节目重点介绍德国。

（vi）become able to see clearly 能够看清楚

His eyes focused slowly in the dark room 他在那间黑屋子里眼睛慢慢看清了东西。

（vt）cause sth to be concentrated at a point 使某物集中（于一点）；将注意力集中于某事物～st h on sth

Please focus your minds on the following problem 请集中考虑以下问题