常见生病症状英语

第一章常见病的表述

(1)一般病情:

He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. (他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。)

He is under the weather. (他不舒服，生病了。)

He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到反常的疲倦。)

He feels light-headed. (他觉得头晕。)

She has been shut-in for a few days. (她生病在家几天了。)

Her head is pounding. (她头痛。)

His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。)

He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。) He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。)

He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. (他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。)

He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。) He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。)

She has some pains and itching around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。)

(2) 伤风感冒：

He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。) His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。) He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。) (hacking = constant)

He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。) (malaise = debility)

He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。)

He has a headache, aching bones and joints. (他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。)

He has a persistent cough. (他不停地在咳。) 或

He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。)

He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑，有时失声。)

He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。)

His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。)

He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。)

He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。)

(3) 手脚毛病：

His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。)

He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。)

There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。) His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (他的足踝好像肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。) (pit = small dent form)(句里的they 和them 都是指ankles)

The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. (左脚酸痛，并有红肿。)

The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。)

He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。)

His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. (激烈运\动后，他的腿就痛。) His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。)

There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。)

He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。)

She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。) His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。)

(4) 睡眠不好：

He is sleeping poorly.（他睡不好）

He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate.（他不易入睡，也难集中精神。）It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night.（她晚上就寝，很难入睡。）

He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again.（他晚间或清早醒来后，再也不能入睡。）

He has nightmares occasionally.（他有时做噩梦。）

(5) 呼吸方面：

His breathing has become increasingly difficult.（他呼吸越来越困难。）

He has to breathe through his mouth.（他要用口呼吸。）

He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.（他喘气；即使不运\动，他也是上气不接下气。）

His cough is more like wheezing.（他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。）

His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.（他是干咳，没有痰。）

He has coughed up blood.（他咳嗽有血。）

His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.（他感冒时鼻子就不通。）

He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.（他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。）He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.（他胸部觉得闷闷的，好像透不过气来。）

(6)口腔毛病：

He has pain in his teeth or jaw. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。)

He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。)

The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。)

His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。)

His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。)

His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。)

His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。)

He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。)

He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。)

There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。)

There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)

(7) 肠胃毛病：

He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。) 或

He feels bloated after eating.

He has bouts of abdominal pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。)

He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。)

The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen. (痛是在肚子下半部。)

He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。)

It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。)

He has passed more gas than usual. (他放…比平常多。)

He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。)

He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. (他大便时很痛。)

He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。)

He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。)

His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling.

or

His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。)

He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。)

(8) 血压等等：

His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。)

High blood pressure is creeping up on him.

He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。)

It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。)

He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。)

He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。)

He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。)

His eyes seem to be bulging. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。)

He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。)

He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。) His vision in the right eye blurred. (他右眼视线模糊不清。)

He has had some earaches lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。)

He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音）

第二章病症英语单词

症状表达，symptom expression：

围绕各种不适，all about discomfort；

从头到脚顺序，Head to toe order

Headache，头痛；dizziness，或说lightheadedness，头晕；eye pain，眼痛；ear pain，耳痛；ringing（or roaring，hissing，buzzing，or tinkling）ear，或简单说noise in the ears，耳鸣（术语tinnitus）；sore throat，嗓子疼，咽喉痛；neck pain，颈痛，可能是“落枕”那种pain，stiffness，or a “kink”in the neck，也可能是heart attack（心肌梗塞）的放射痛。

Chest pain，胸痛（术语angina 是专指心绞痛）：可能是squeezing or crushing chest pain（feels like someone is sitting on your chest）；胸痛可能伴有rapid or irregular heartbeat，心跳加快或心律不齐；可能伴sweating，出汗；可能伴short of breath，呼吸困难；可能伴nausea 恶心，vomiting，口语也说throw up，呕吐；可能伴lightheadedness，头晕；还可能伴pain in the stomach（abdomen）腹痛，pain in upper back后背痛，pain in neck颈痛，pain in jaw下颌痛，或伴pain in one or both arms or shoulders一侧或双侧臂痛或肩痛（是胸痛放射痛的表现）。老人汇报胸痛很重要，因为这可能是heart attack（心梗，术语myocardial infarction，简称MI）的表现；也可能是pleurisy

（胸膜炎，inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the lungs），可能是pneumonia（肺炎）这两种疾病一般在深呼吸或咳嗽时胸痛加重；还可能是ulcer（胃溃疡），一般在胃区，空腹时加重（worse when your stomach is empty）；可能是gallstones（胆石症）可能引起右侧（right side）胸部或肩胛骨痛，这种痛可能在半夜（in the middle of night）或餐后加重；可能是heartburn，也叫upset stomach（烧心，闹心），由胃酸过多引起，所以心内科住院的病人用药中常有洛赛克或抗酸药（Losec 或antacid），就是为了区分心绞痛和胃酸症的；另外还有一种可能是shingles，或叫herpes（带状疱疹，俗语也叫蛇盘疮，生蛇），病人可能感觉到像根带子紧缠在一侧胸部引起的锐痛，灼痛，或麻刺痛（a sharp，burning，or tingling pain）。由此大家可以看到chest pain is a big issue，必须嘱咐及时汇报。

Abdominal symptoms，腹部症状：

1，nausea or vomiting恶心，呕吐：可能由stomach flu or food poisoning （胃肠感冒或食物中毒引起）；可能是stress or nervousness（紧张）引起；还可能由药物（medications）引起，如抗生素（antibiotics），抗炎药（anti inflammatory drugs），某些抗心律失常药（antiarrhythmics）等；可能由糖尿病（diabetes）引起；还可能是肝炎（hepatitis），胃溃疡（ulcers），阑尾炎（appendicitis）等腹腔器官疾病的表现之一；另外，头部损伤（head injury）也可能引起恶心呕吐。

2，bowel movement，再谈大便：frequent，watery stools稀便，即腹泻

（diarrhea），可能见于胃肠感冒及食物中毒(stomach flu and food poisoning), 或抗生素（antibiotics）的副作用；stools are dry and difficult to pass干便，即便秘（constipation）；bloody or black，tarry stools黑便（术语melena），除特殊食物因素外，见于消化道溃疡（ulcers）；pain during bowel movements 排便时肛门（anus）痛，bright red blood on surface of stool or toilet paper 便鲜血，此上两项见于直肠问题（rectal problems），如痔疮（hemorrhoids）等。

3，abdominal pain，腹痛：可能见于阑尾炎（appendicitis），胰腺炎（pancreatitis），肠道憩室（diverticulitis），或胆石症（gallstones），肾石症（kidney stones）等

4，urination，再谈小便：pain or burning while urinating尿痛，可能见于老人尿路感染（Urinary Tract Infection，简称UTI），肾结石（kidney stones），或老年男性前列腺问题（prostate problems，包括前列腺炎prostatitis，前列腺肥大prostate enlargement，前列腺癌prostate cancer等）；difficulty urinating or weak urine stream（men）老年男性排尿困难，也见于上述老年男性前列腺问题；blood in urine血尿，也可能见于尿路感染或肾石症（见上）。

5，painless lump or swelling in groin that comes and goes腹股沟时隐时现的无痛性包块或肿块，见于疝气（hernia）。

Bone，Muscle，and Joint pain，骨，肌肉，及关节痛：多见于关节炎（arthritis），根据发病和疼痛部位不同分为：

1，骨关节炎（osteoarthritis）：关节软骨（joint cartilage）的损伤，通常是手指（fingers），髋骨（hips），膝部（knees）及背部（back）的痛（pain），僵直（stiffness）和肿胀（swelling）。

2，风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis）：关节滑膜（membrane lining the joint）的炎性病变（inflammation），多个累及手（hands），腕（wrist）和脚（feet）多个关节的红，肿，热，痛和关节僵直。

3，痛风（gout）：关节液中蓄积尿酸晶体（uric acid crystals），多见于大脚趾（big toe），踝骨（ankle），膝部（knee），少见于腕部（wrist），肘部（elbow）突发性的灼痛，僵直和肿胀。此病多见于老年男性，痛风可能由饮酒（alcohol），进食动物内脏器官（organ meats）而加重。

三，其它，others：字母顺序，alphabetic order

Ambulance 救护车，Anesthetic 麻醉剂，Basin 洗脸盆，Bath 冲澡，Bed sheet changed 换床单，Blanket 毛毯，Bleeding 流血，Blood sugar 血糖，Blood test 验血Breathe in 吸气，Breathe out 呼气，Call bell 床头呼叫器，Care card 医疗卡，Cholesterol 胆固醇，Cold 冷，感冒，Colour of stool 大便的颜色，Coma 昏迷，Comb 木梳，Consent form 同意背书

（通常在手术，输血，作特殊检查时由医生解释过程，患者亲自签署同意的表格，这是就医的法律程序之一），Cough 咳嗽，Cough syrup 止咳糖浆，Cramps 抽筋，绞痛，Crutches 拐杖，Deep breath 深呼吸，Denture 假牙，Diabetic diet 糖尿病饮食，Dietitian 营养师，Electrocardiogram 心电图（简称ECG），Emergency 急诊室，紧急事件，Extra blanket 额外毛毯，Face cloth 擦脸毛巾，Family members 家庭成员，Flu shot 流感疫苗，General check up 全身检查，Gown 病号服（这里病房多是袍式的），Hearing aid 助听器，Heart beat 心跳，Heating pad 加温袋，High temperature 高烧，House keeping 医院里的保洁员，Ice pad 冰袋，Indigestion 消化不良，Injection 注射，Insulin injection 胰岛素注射，Intensive care 重症护理，Intestine 肠（大肠large intestine，小肠small intestine），Intravenous injection 静脉内输液，Itchy 瘙痒，Kidney basin 弯形托盘（床上刷牙，盛呕吐秽物用的）Laxative 泻药，Lean back 靠后，Lean forward 靠前，Liquid 液体，Low salt diet 低盐饮食，Low urine output 少尿，Mammogram 乳腺x光扫描，Mask 口罩，Measure blood pressure 测血压，Medical history 病史，Morphine 吗啡，Nervous 紧张，Oatmeal 麦片粥，Occupational therapist 功能恢复治疗师（简称OT），Operation room 手术室（简称OR）Oxygen 氧气，Pain killer 止痛药，Panic 惊惶失措，Pharmacy 药房，Pharmacist 药剂师，Physiotherapist 理疗师(简称PT)，Pillow 枕头，Pillow case 枕头套，Pulse 脉搏，Radiation 放疗，Razor 剃须刀，Recover 恢复，Recovery room （手术后）麻醉恢复室，Rectum 直肠，Respiratory Therapist 呼吸治疗师（简RT)

四，老年常见疾病，Most common senior disease

Alzheimer’s disease 老年痴呆症，Anemia 贫血，Anxiety attack 神经衰弱症，Arthritis 关节炎（具体见上），Asthma 哮喘，Benign Prostate Hypertrophy 前列腺肥大（简称BPH），Bronchitis 支气管炎，Cancer 癌症，Cataract 白内障，Cirrhosis of liver 肝硬化，Congestive heart failure 充血性心衰，Coronary heart disease 冠心病，Depression 抑郁症，Diabetes 糖尿病，Diarrhea 腹泻，Duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃疡，Epilepsy，or seizures 癫痫，抽搐，Flu 流感，Frozen shoulder 肩周炎，老年肩，Gastric ulcer 胃溃疡，Glaucoma 青光眼，Gout 痛风，Heart attack 心肌梗塞，Hemorrhoid 痔疮，Hepatitis 肝炎，Hernia 疝气，Herpes （Shingles）带状疱疹，High blood pressure （Hypertension）高血压，Hip fracture 髋骨骨折，Hysterectomy 子宫切除，Insomnia 失眠，Kidney stone 肾石，Low blood pressure （Hypotension）低血压，Mastectomy 乳房切除，Menopause 更年期，Migraine 偏头痛，Osteophytes （bony spurs）骨刺，Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症，Paralysis 瘫痪，Parkinson’s disease 帕金森氏综合症，Pneumonia 肺炎，Pulmonary edema 肺水肿，Stroke 中风，Thyroid disorder 甲状腺功能紊乱，Tumour 肿块，Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染（简称UTI）