《岁月河流上的码头》阅读答案试题解析理解
《岁月河流上的码头》阅读答案试题解析
理解
《岁月河流上的码头》阅读答案试题解析理解
岁月河流上的码头（节选）
（1）一年的日子，仿佛是一条长长的河流，缓缓地、平静地流淌。每个季节，便是河流上不同的河段。
（2）但这样说未免还是浮泛了些。须知天下的季节都是一样的，赤道南北，半球东西，当岁月之河从某一
片土地上流过时，是什么使得它和其他地方的河流不同？是船上的风帆，是波涛的颜色，还是飘荡在水面上的歌声？
（3）对于这一片古老的、被称为华夏的、我祖先的土地，时光有着许多呈现自己的方式。其中之一，便是
借助一系列独特的民俗节日。
（4）被称为中国人三大节日的春节、端午和中秋，我们已经耳熟能详。其他节日，名气虽然不如它们，但
每一个也都有着丰厚的内涵和独特的魅力。
（5）正月的背影刚刚遁去，煮元宵的香甜糯软尚在回味之中，便走近了又一个节日：二月二。“二月二日
新雨晴，草芽菜甲一时生”。这个时节，阳气萌发，气
温升高，降雨增多，土地变得润泽松软，适宜播种。
（6）当岸边蒲苇繁茂、草木飘香时，我们知道，已
经接近了被称为七夕节、又名乞巧节或女儿节的日子。
牛郎织女的传说，将农历七月七这天，装扮得温柔旖旎。这个晚上，未嫁的女儿家，要向织女乞求赐以聪慧的心
灵和灵巧的双手，以及美满的姻缘。
（7）“独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。”吟诵着王维的诗句，菊
花的清香在幻觉中徐徐飘拂过来，九九重阳节来临了。
遥想故土山水佳胜之地，定是亲朋团聚，言笑晏晏，唯
独自己天涯羁旅，孑然一身，能不黯然？亲情惘惘，系
念依依，这其间的深情厚意，岂是电子邮件、手机短信
能够表达和传递的？
（8）继续泛舟漂流，渐渐木叶脱尽，霜雪时作，江天寥廓。然而尽管风景萧索，空气里却悄悄酝酿着一种
欢欣，传递出一种暖意。腊八节，古代庆祝丰收、感谢
祖先和神灵、驱逐瘟疫的祭祀仪式，在农历十二月初八
这一天，欢快登场。
（9）清明节、中元节、冬至节……古老的民俗节日还有很多，它们的起源，都和土地、和农耕时代的生活、和先民朴素的梦想有关。在形成和流传的过程中，又渐
次衍生出更为丰富的内容，仿佛村口一棵百年的榕树，
向四周伸展出众多气根和分枝，独木成林，几乎遮蔽了
数条街巷。
（10）如果说，岁月的累积形成了历史，那么，这样的日子的反复叠加，就是在参与一个种族、一种文化的
构建。当它们千百年来，被这块土地上的一辈辈子民们，经由文字的或口头的方式代代传递，而逐渐累积成为一
种公共记忆时，便也是在铸造某种民族的精神和文化的
基因，使人产生集体的身份认同和共同的历史归属感。
这是一种不露声色的渗透，润物无声，在我们懵懂无知
的童年，已经潜移默化地进入血脉，左右了我们的思维、行动的方式和路径。
（11）今天，地球已经成为一簇簇的村落，被飞机、轮船、网络紧密地编织为一体，同样牌号的汽车奔驰在
不同大陆的道路上，同样的香水润泽着不同颜色的女性
肌肤，电视荧屏上闪现的面孔，总是那几位走红的国际
影视或体育明星。到处都是一样的东西，固然容易令人
产生某种“万物皆备于我”的虚幻感觉，但同时却又是
多么乏味。真希望在习俗、风尚都日趋统一化和标准化
的今天，每一片土地，每一个族群，都能够保持自己的
某种特性、某种区别性的特征。
（12）罗密欧手持玫瑰，在朱丽叶的窗下，用歌声呼唤心上人，固然深情款款；而张生、崔莺莺的绣帕题诗，暗诉倾慕，不也有着一份入骨的缠绵？正是这样的独特
的地方，让我们确立了自身存在的真实感。即使远离家
国，置身于不同肤色、语言的人群中，在某个特定的日子，对于赛龙舟、包粽子、饮雄黄酒的共同记忆和理解，都会让我们相视一笑，莫逆于心。
（13）上元节、寒食节、灶神节……泛舟在岁月的河流上，每走过一段距离，船都要停靠一个景色别致的码头，加入一次风格独特的庆典。它们让旅人得到暂时的
憩息，心中贮满诗意的沉醉，对于天空和大地、山河和
岁月、生活和命运，生发出种种感悟。船在水面上轻轻
摇荡，人因此而感到从容、安适，感到一种和这条河流、这片土地的牢固的维系……
11．分析第2段运用设问的表达效果。（3分）
12．在众多的民俗节日中，作者为什么只选取二月二、七夕节、重阳节和腊八节这四个节日来写？（3分） 13．分析第10段画线句的含义。（4分）
14．分析第12段写罗密欧、朱丽叶和张生、崔莺莺故事的意图。（4分）
15．最后一段在文中的作用和写作特点是什么？请
加以评析。（6分）
试题一
16.在众多的民俗节日中，作者为什么只选取“二月二”、“七夕节”、“重阳节”、“腊八节”这四个节
日来详写？（4分）
17.通读全文，分条说说民俗节日在我们生活中的意义。（5分）
18.从全文看，题目“岁月河流上的码头”用了什么修辞手法，有什么深刻的含义？（6分）
【参考答案】
16、①这四个节日分别代表了春、夏、秋、冬四个季节，这四段文字照应第一自然段。（2分）
②这四个季节最能代表具有农耕传统国度人们对雨水丰沛的期盼，对爱情和亲情的追求，对丰收的渴望与喜悦，表达人们对美好幸福生活的向往。（2分）
17、①民俗节日呈现区域和轮廓，使生活充满节奏和韵律。
②民俗节日使日子变得生动和温暖，充满情感和韵致。
③民俗节日负载灵魂的喜悦和哀伤，使生活充满诗意。
④民俗节日是铸造民族精神和文化的基因，使人产生集体认同感和历史归属感。
⑤民俗节日为人生旅途提供栖息空间，让心灵得到安适和从容。（1点1分，2点3分，3点4分）
18、比喻。文本将一年的日子比喻为一条长长的河流，将传统节日比喻为“码头”，人生就是岁月河流上
的行舟。（2分）河流上的行舟不时停靠于河流边上一个个景色各异的“码头”旅人则借此暂时“憩息”，更于
心中贮藏诗意的沉醉，生发种种感悟。（2分）用河流与码头紧密相依的关系，形象生动地展示了我们与民俗节
日的关系。（2分）（意思对即可）
试题二
15．根据文意，说说华夏民俗节日具有怎样“丰厚
的内涵”。（4分）
16．在众多的民俗节日中，作者为什么只选取“二
月二”“七夕节”“重阳节”“腊八节”这四个节日？（4分）
17．“岁月河流上的码头”这个标题非常精彩，请
你简要分析。（6分）
18．文章末尾借用罗密欧朱丽叶和张生崔莺莺的故事，表现了作者什么样的思想情感？这样写有什么作用？（6分）
参考答案：
15．承载了人们对生产生活（人们对富裕生活的向往）、乡土亲情（思念亲人，传递亲情）、先辈和神灵（庆祝丰收，感谢上苍）的美好愿望；铸造民族的精神和文化的基因，产生集体的身份认同和共同的历史归属感（4分）（详解：“二月二”，阳气萌动，农耕播种，企盼雨水，
表明人们对富裕生活的向往“七夕节”，未出嫁的姑娘
企盼拥有聪慧的心灵和灵巧的双手，企盼拥有幸福的生活，表明她们对美好生活的向往“重阳节”，登高临远，思念亲人，传递亲情，这是一个赏景叙情的节日“腊八节”，庆祝丰收，感谢上苍，这是一个传达丰收喜悦和
感恩上苍的节日）
16．答：①这四个节日分别代表了春、夏、秋、冬
四个季节，这四段文字照应第一自然段②这四个季节最
能代表具有农耕传统国度人们的美好愿望，对丰收的渴
望与喜悦，对爱情和亲情的追求
17．（6分）答：①运用比喻，以“河流”喻岁月、“码头”喻民俗节日，人生就是在岁月河流上的“行舟”，生动形象，富有诗意，富于感染力；②用码头与
河流紧密相依的关系，形象生动地展示了民俗节日与我
们的关系；③码头为岁月河流增加景致，民俗节日则为
疲惫的人们提供心灵憩息与情感交流的场所
18．（6分）答：第一问：①表现了作者对我们民族在悠久历史岁月中形成的独特的民俗节日的喜爱之情（2分）；②表达了作者的思想愿望：希望在习俗．风尚都日趋统一化和标准化的今天，每一片土地，每一个族群，
都能够保持自己的某种区别性的特征（2分）第二问：这样写的作用是，采用对比手法，形象鲜明地突出了保持
民俗节日独特性对我们（民族文化）自身的重要意义，照应了前文（2分）
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