中考英语总复习 提分特训 语法专项训练七 连词和复合句
语法专项训练七连词和复合句
一、单项填空
1.The lady was angry she couldn’t speak anything.
A.as;as
B.so;that
C.such;that
D.not;until
答案:B
解析:so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,so后接形容词或副词,that后接句子。句意:这位女士如此生气,以至于她说不出话来。故选B项。
2.Prince George is lovely that many people like him very much.
A.very
B.such
C.as
D.so
答案:D
解析:so/such...that“如此……以至于”,so后跟形容词或副词;such后跟名词。lovely是形容词。故选D项。
3.—Would you like to have dinner with us?
—I’d love to, I’m too busy now.
A.and
B.or
C.but
D.so
答案:C
解析:but“但是”,表示转折关系。
4.The movie is wonderful I want to see it again.
A.too;to
B.so;that
C.as;as
D.so;as
答案:B
解析:so...that“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故选B项。
5.He didn’t go to school yesterday he was ill.
A.because
B.because of
C.if
D.so
答案:A
解析:句意:因为他病了,所以昨天他没去上学。because“因为”,引导原因状语从句。
6.Father won’t allow me to play outside I wash up the dishes.
A.if not
B.if
C.unless
D.because
答案:C
解析:句意:爸爸不允许我出去玩,除非我刷干净盘子。unless“除非;如果不”,引导条件状语从句。故选C项。
7.—Excuse me.Is it my turn now?
—Not yet.Please wait on the chair your name is called.
A.and
B.until
C.although
D.once
答案:B
解析:until“直到……为止”。句意:——请问,现在轮到我了吗?——还没有。请坐在椅子上,直到被叫到名字。故选B项。
8.I was watching TV my brother was writing an e-mail at home at this time last night.
A.as soon as
B.after
C.until
D.while
答案:D
解析:while“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,常用进行时。故选D项。
9.David looked very quiet he knew something.
A.as well as
B.as if
C.since then
D.or not
答案:B
解析:as well as“也”;as if“好像”;since then“自从……以来”;由句意“戴维看起来非常淡定,好像他知道了什么”可知选B项。
10.Tina didn’t buy the book her brother would send her one.
A.until
B.because
C.if
D.unless
答案:B
解析:下文“她的弟弟将送给她一本书”是蒂娜没有买书的原因。故选B项。
11.Why not look up the new word in a dictionary you don’t know it?
A.if
B.that
C.though
D.whether
答案:A
解析:if“如果”,引导条件状语从句。
12. Frank left school at 16,he still became a successful writer.
A.Ever since
B.In fact
C.After all
D.Even though
答案:D
解析:句意:尽管弗兰克在16岁离开了学校,他仍然成为一名成功的作家。ever since“自从”;in fact“事实上”;after all“毕竟”;even though“尽管”。故选D项。
13.Please give me your report you come to school tomorrow.
A.when
B.while
C.for
D.that
答案:A
解析:when“当……时候”;while“当……时候”,后常接延续性动词;for“为了”;由句意“你明天来学校时,请给我你的报告”可知选A项。
14.—To achieve a bright future,we should study hard keep in good health. —I agree with you.
A.not;but
B.not only;but also
C.neither;nor
D.either;or
答案:B
解析:not only...b ut also...“不但……而且……”是并列连词。
15. he was very tired,he continued working in his office.
A.Since
B.Although
C.As soon as
D.Because
答案:B
解析:句意:虽然他很疲劳,但是他继续在办公室里工作。although“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。
16.I’m going to take him to some famous hutongs he can learn more about China.
A.because
B.when
C.so that
D.as if
答案:C
解析:so that“为了”,引导目的状语从句。
17.I’ll send my parents a text message they won’t worry about me.
A.so that
B.in order to
C.as soon as
D.even if
答案:A
解析:so that“为了,以至于”后接从句;in order to“为了”后接动词原形;as soon as“一……就”;even if“即使”。句意:我将给父母发个短信,为了不让他们担心我。
18.We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, we will be late for the meeting.
A.and
B.or
C.but
D.so
答案:B
解析:由上句“明早我们必须7点起床”和下句“会议会迟到”可知前后句之间为条件关系,选用or,意为“否则”。故选B项。
19.Lily wants to know Jack lives in that house.
A.that
B.like
C.whether
D.since
答案:C
解析:whether“是否”,由句意“莉莉想知道杰克居住在个房子里”可知选C项。20.—When shall we leave for China?
—We won’t we have visited all the places of interest here.
A.until
B.while
C.as
D.since
答案:A
解析:not...until...“直到……才……”,是固定搭配。
21.—The trip cost me so much money.
—Really?But it didn’t matter you had a good time.
A.when
B.so
C.than
D.if
答案:D
解析:when“当……时候”;so“因此,所以”;than“比”;if“如果”。由句意“——这个旅程花费了我如此多的钱。——真的吗?但是过得愉快,就没有什么”可知选D项。
22.It was lovely weather we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A.such a;that
B.such;that
C.such;as
D.so;that
答案:B
解析:“such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句”是固定搭配。
23.I know I promised to take you dinner,but I won’t finish working until ten o’clock.
A.that
B.if
C.what
D.why
答案:A
解析:由下句“我许诺带你去吃晚饭,但直到10点我才能完成工作”可知从句句意完整。故选A项。
24.—I hear your grandpa your grandma like watching Beijing Opera. —Right,just as many old people do in our city.
A.both;and
B.either;or
C.neither;nor
D.not only;but also
答案:A
解析:选项B、C和D引导的并列主语谓语动词要依据“就近原则”,故由like可知“爷爷奶奶都喜欢看京剧”,both...and...意为“……和……(两者)都”。故选A项。
25. you are,your parents will be caring about you.
A.Whenever
B.Whatever
C.However
D.Wherever
答案:D
解析:whenever“无论何时”;whatever“无论什么”;however“无论如何,然而”;wherever“无论在哪”。由句意“你,你的父母将关注你”可知选D项。
26. Mary is just three,she can write well.
A.As
B.Till
C.Although
D.Since
答案:C
解析:although“虽然”,由句意“玛丽仅仅三岁,她能写得很好”可知选C项。
27.Mo Yan is famous people all over the world know him.
A.too;to
B.enough;to
C.so;that
D.as;as
答案:C
解析:too...to“太……而不能……”;enough...to...“足够……以……”;so...that...“如此……以至于……”;as...as“与……一样……”。由句意“莫言如此有名以至于全世界的人们都知道他”可知应选C项。
28.You will miss the train you leave right now.
A.unless
B.until
C.so
D.after
答案:A
解析:unless“如果不,除非”。由句意“你马上离开,你会错过火车”可知选A项。
29.He is very glad and keeps smiling, he has already known the good news.
A.as if
B.even though
C.even if
D.so that
答案:A
解析:as if“似乎,好像”;even though和even if 意为“虽然”;so that“以至于”。由句意“他很高兴,并且一直微笑, 他已经知道这则好消息了”可知选A项。
30.—Is Li Lei at school today?
—No,he is at home he has a bad cold.
A.until
B.if
C.because
D.so
答案:C
解析:下文“他患重感冒”是他在家的原因。故选C项。
31. it’s difficult to make her dream come true,she never gives up.
A.Though
B.Unless
C.Because
D.If
答案:A
解析:though“虽然”。由句意“她的梦想很难实现”和“她从不放弃”可知两者为让步关系。故选A项。
32.—Let’s play table tennis!
—Good idea, I don’t have a bat.
A.so
B.or
C.and
D.but
答案:D
解析:“好主意”与“我没有球拍”构成转折关系。故选D项。
33.We will have no water to drink we don’t protect the earth.
A.until
B.unless
C.though
D.if
答案:D
解析:if“如果”;unless“如果不;除非”。由句意“我们不保护地球,我们将没有水喝”可知选D项。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1.同意我所说的会员都举起了他们的手。
Those members I said all put up their hands.
答案:who agree with what
2.你看见今天早晨我给你买的牛奶了吗?
Did you see the milk this morning?
答案:I bought you
3.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界将会变得更加美好。
everyone a contribution to protecting the environment,the world much more beautiful.
答案:If;makes;will become
4.这个小男孩长大后想当一名记者。
This little boy wants to be a reporter .
答案:when he grows up
5.虽然她很忙,她还是坚持自学英语。
,she keeps on learning English by herself.
答案:Though she is busy
6.这个七岁的女孩酷爱弹钢琴,以至于她已经坚持练习两年了。
The seven-year-old girl enjoys playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.
答案:so much that
7.布莱克夫人对学生非常亲切,以至于学生们都把她当作母亲。
Mrs.Black is kind to her students they her their mother.
答案:so;that;regard;as
8.因为他没赶上早班车,所以他上班迟到了。
He was late for work he the early bus.
答案:because;didn’t catch
9.请你告诉我怎样去邮局,好吗?
Could you tell me the post office,please?
答案:how to get to
10.老师说他有一个重要的会议要参加。
The teacher said an important meeting to attend.
答案:that he had
三、改为同义句
1.Not only Lily but also her sister was doing homework at eight last night.
Lily her sister doing homework at eight last night.
答案:Both;and;were
2.I think this shirt is the most beautiful of all the shirts here.
I think this shirt is than here. 答案:more beautiful;any other shirt
3.The boy is too proud to ask others for help.
The boy is proud he doesn’t want to ask others for help.
答案:so;that
4.I wonder if I will go with Linda tomorrow.
I wonder to go with Linda tomorrow.
答案:whether
5.Believe in yourself,and you’ll make it.
you believe in yourself,you will make it.
答案:If
高中英语语法最重要知识汇总
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
译林版中考英语专项训练初中英语连词专项练习题含答案解析
译林版中考英语专项训练初中英语连词专项练习题含答案解析 一、初中英语连词 1．Peter bought some goldfish ______________ he found it difficult to raise them. A. because B. or C. though D. until 【答案】 C 2．My mother has little interest in football ___________ she didn't watch the live match on TV yesterday evening. A. so B. if C. though D. when 【答案】 A 3．The environment will be much worse ______everyone has a sense of protecting it. A. unless B. if C. so that 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：除非每个人有保护环境的意识，否则环境将会更糟糕。A除非……否则；B如果；C为了。除非有环保意识，否则环境将变得更糟，本句是unless引导的条件状语从句，故答案选A。 【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据词义和句意确定。 4．— Do you know ____________Grandma is going to visit us？ —Next Saturday. She told me on the phone. A. where B. why C. when D. whether 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道奶奶什么时候来看望我们吗？——下周六。她在电话告诉我们的。where 哪里；why 为什么；when 何时；whether是否. 根据答语next Saturday，可知问的是时间，用when提问，故选C。 【点评】本题考查疑问词辨析。根据答语确定所使用的疑问词。 5．—We should work hard. We'll never give up. China dream can come true. —I think so. Let's try our best. A. But B. And C. Or 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——我们应该努力学习，我们就将永不放弃，这样中国梦可以实现。——我这样认为。让我们尽我们最大努力。A但是表示转折；B和，表示并列；C或者，表示转折。根据题干可知，句子前后是并列关系，则应用and，故答案选B。 【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据句意确定。 6．— Would you like to go camping this weekend? — I'd love to, ______________ I can't. I have to prepare for the English Speech Contest.
大学英语语法 练习及答案
英语语法 语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.
人教版中考英语专项训练常见连词最全总结
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【英语】 中考英语连词
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英语复合句的用法及解题技巧
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2020中考英语连词专项训练
1、I don’t like reading watching TV. What about you? “I don’t like reading all day, I like watching TV plays.” A．and, but B．and, and C．or, and D．or, but 2、You won’t know the value(价值) of the health you lose it. A．until B．after C．when D．because 3、We bought Granny a present, she didn’t like it. A．but B．and C．or D．so 4、Study hard, you will pass the exam. A．so B．for C．but D．and 5、Put on more clothes, you’ll catch cold. A．and B．for C．or
6、My shoes are worn out, I need new ones. A．so B．if C．because D．and 7、He ran fast he won the race. A．enough …to B．so …that C．too…to D．both…and 8、He is only ten months. He can read write. A．either…or B．neither…nor C．both…and D．so…that 9、She said she might come Saturday Sunday . A．neither…nor B．nither…or C．too…to D．so…that 10、If Tom Mike asks for their car, tell him to come tomorrow. A．or B．and C．with
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应改为whispering。注意：whisper作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此 or 也有此用法）还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（ = If Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance. One more you make up your mind, you'll get the chance. = If you make one more effort, effort, and you'll succeed. you'll succeed. She plays (both) the piano and the 两者都both …and 2)guitar. She plays 而且） 3)not only…but (also), as well as不但…not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. not not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词注意： Not only does he like reading stories, but 而必须倒装。also he can even write some. 后nor也不……甥??甥??谓语动词采用就近原则，与既不意思为 4)neithe…nor Neither you nor he is to blame. 的词保持一致。
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英语简单句、并列句、复合句及练习 一、简单句 1、概述 只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子称为简单句。 I am a student.我是一个学生。 She likes English very much.她非常喜欢英语。 He usually does morning exercises on the playground.他常常在操场上做早操。 2、简单句的基本句型 英语简单句可分为五种基本句型，其它的句子可看成是这几种基本句型的扩展、组合、倒装、省略。这五个基本句式：主谓结构（S + V）；主系表结构（S + V + P ）；主谓宾结构（S + V + O ）；主谓双宾结构（S + V + IO + DO）；主谓宾补结构（S + V + O + C） 说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；IO=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C=宾语补足语 （1）主谓结构（S + V） 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。 He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 Plants grow well all the year round.一年四季植物生长良好。 （2）主系表结构（S + V + P ） 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seems interested in the book他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站着。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式。 He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。
高中英语语法讲练一句子成分;简单句并列句和复合句--高中英语
语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）
中考英语连词专题经典
中考英语连词专题经典 一、初中英语连词 1．_____________ my brother arrived in Thailand, he visited the local biggest temple at once. A. As soon as B. While C. Until D. Before 【答案】 A 2．Tom won't play computer games __________ he finishes his homework. A. if B. so that C. unless D. although 【答案】 C 3．Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ______ you will fail in the coming exam. A. then B. so C. and D. or 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：Emily，你又玩游戏！努力学习，否则你将在接下来的考试中失 败。A.然后；B.所以；C.和；D.否则。祈使句+and/or+句子，固定搭配，根据句意可知是努 力学习，否则会失败，故选D。 【点评】考查连词辨析，注意平时识记固定搭配，理解句意。 4．Love your parents __________ they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late. A. while B. though C. because D. unless 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：当你父母活着时爱他们。不要等到太迟才行动。while当……时 候；though虽然；because因为；unless除非，故选A。根据句意只有A选项是正确的，其 它选项翻译不通，故选A。 【点评】此题考查连词辨析。弄清每个连词意思，根据语境和句意确定所使用的连词。 5．Your dream will come true ______________ you put your heart and soul into it. A. if B. unless C. although D. until 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你全心全意，那么你的梦想将会实现。A.如果；B.除非；C.虽 然；D.直到……为止。分析句子可知，这是一个主从复合句，挖空后引导一个条件状语从 句，引导词应用if，如果，故选A。 【点评】考查从属连词辨析。注意if，unless，although和until的词义和用法。 6．Some people waste food___________ others haven't enough. A. while B. during C. when D. which
高中英语语法大全
高中英语语法大全 一、词类和句子成分 1、词类：英语词类十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如： 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如： 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如： 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如： 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如： 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如： 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如： 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如： ※英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them 物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 形容词性my your his her its our your their 名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 2、句子成分：8种：主谓宾、定状补、表语和同位语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Sarah. 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room everyday. 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语身份或特征。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：She is beautiful. 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word. 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。如：He wrote me a letter. 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词担任。如：Shanghai is a big city. 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,说明时间，地点、原因，状态等通常由副词或介词短语担任。 如：He is standing in the classroom. 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Ma Yun, a great businessman, created Taobao Company. 二、简单句 1、简单句的特点：简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。 简单句五大句型 主谓：-I sleep. -In youth, we learn. 2）主谓宾：-I love books. 3）主谓+双宾：- Mary give me an apple. -直接宾语是指与谓语动词直接发生联系的名词通常是物