英语语法：反意疑问句归纳

反意疑问句

1.当前面陈述部分的主语是“this, that”时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；当前面陈述部分的主语是“these, those”

时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替；当前面陈述部分是感叹句时，反意疑问句的主语应根据感叹句强调的情况选用it、they、he、she等。例如：

This is a modern hotel built last year, isn’t it ?

Those are the apples bought by your classmates, aren’t they ?

What lovely flowers, aren’t they ?

How stupid a waitress (she is), isn’t she ?

2．当前面陈述部分是“There be…”句型时，反意疑问句仍用there…。例如：

As far as I know, there is a little milk in the fridge, isn’t there ?

对比倒装句中的there:There comes the bus, doesn’t it ?

3．当前面陈述部分是“I am + 表语”时，反意疑问句常用“aren’t I”。例如：

I am late, aren’t I ? 对比I’m not late, am I ?

4．当不定式、动名词短语及从句等充当前面陈述部分的主语时，反意疑问句中的主语用it。例如：Learning how to repair cars takes a long time, doesn’t it ?

What we need now is to have a big lunch, isn’t it ?

To make a long speech makes no difference to me, doesn’t it ?

5．当前面陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，反意疑问句的主语通常与主句的主语一致。例如：He said they would fly to England, didn’t he ?

It is high time you went to bed, isn’t it ?

6．当前面陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语一般用it。

Under the direction of Prof. Zhang, everything goes well, doesn’t it ?

7．当前面的陈述部分是由“I’m sure that; I’m afraid that; We are sure that; We are afraid that; I feel sure that; We feel sure that”构成时，反意疑问句与主要信息的宾语从句相一致。例如：

I’m afraid that he is afraid of being punished, isn’t he ?

8．当前面的陈述部分中含有否定意义的前缀和否定意义的后缀的单词时，（如hopeless, careless, unfit, dislike, irregular, impossible, disagree, unsuccessful, incomplete, inactive, dishonest, unhealthy, unhelpful, uninterested, unpleasant等），反意疑问句用否定形式。例如：

It is impossible that he has been to Europe ,isn’t it ?

That performance proved unsuccessful, didn’t it ?

9．当陈述部分句首的前面有so, oh时，句子所带有的感情色彩更加明显，反意疑问句与前面主句谓语一致。在语法上这种情况应叫做修辞性疑问句，其语调从头至尾应是降调。例如：

Oh, your nephew and niece are going abroad, are they ?

So some of the thieves will be sentenced to death, will they ?

So you’ve the luggage taken to the station, have you ?

10．当陈述部分的主语是’d缩写的时，应视情况判断其缩写是would, could, had还是should。有’s时，具体判断是is还是has的缩写。例如：

You’d like some black coffee when in Britain, wouldn’t you ?

He’s got used to living in the countryside, hasn’t he ?

11．注意判断陈述部分的主语是单数还是复数，反意疑问句从人称和数上应与陈述部分主语相一致。例如：One of my sister’s salesgirls is dropping in on my sister, isn’t she ?

The poetess and director decides to sing us a song, doesn’t she ?

Your brother’s name is Bill, isn’t it ?

The tailors live in Japan, don’t they ?

12．当前面的陈述部分中含有must表推测时，应根据时态和时间确定其反意疑问句的形式，其后的反意疑问句中不能重复must。对现在的肯定推测用be与主语相一致；对过去的肯定推测常用have与主语相一致；对过去的肯定推测中含有明确的时间状语时，常用did。例如：

She must be a nurse, isn’t she ?

They must have seen the film, haven’t they ?

She must have arrived last week, didn’t she ?

13．陈述部分以第一人称主语I / we don’t think（expect , believe, guess, imagine, suppose）+ that从句时，反意疑问句与从句相一致，用肯定式，因否定已前移。否则，主句是由其他人称作主语时，仍与主句相一致。例如：We don’t believe that she has her breakfast, does she ?

We don’t believe that she has had her breakfast, has her ?

He doesn’t suppose you are a great success, does he ?

14．当前面的陈述部分是I wish to do…时，反意疑问句用may I；当陈述部分是Neither you nor I am a doctor 时，反意疑问句用are we；当陈述部分是Let us do …时，反意疑问句用will you或won’t you；当陈述部分是Let’s do …时，反意疑问句用shall we；当前面主句是否定祈使句时，用will you,当前面主句是肯定祈使句时，当表示“请求”时，用will you，当表示“邀请，劝诱”时，用won’t you；当陈述部分以Let’s not 开头时，其后的反意疑问句用ok或all right；以Let them（him, her. The boy …）开头时，反意疑问句用will you。例如：

Don’t make so much noise, will you ?

Let’s have a break after class, shall we ?

Let’s not wait for the train, OK ?

Let them drink plenty of water at night, will you ?

15．当前面的陈述部分中含有little, few, hardly, seldom, never, none, nothing, no, scarcely时，反意疑问句用肯定形式。

He realized little that he had missed the last chance, did he ?

Few people went to the cinema, did they ?

16．当陈述部分中的谓语是used to时，反意疑问句常用usedn’t或didn’t，有时也可见到用usen’t。例如：He used to work at the foot of the mountain, usedn’t he ?

17．由but, and, or引起的并列句，其反意疑问句与最靠近的谓语相一致。例如：

The meeting isn’t over yet, but we can leave now, can’t we ?

He studies hard and he is the best student here, isn’t he ?

We must start at once or we can’t get there on time, can we ?

He is a teacher but his wife isn’t, is she ?

18．当前面陈述部分中的谓语动词是have当“有”讲，反意疑问句中可用have或其助动词与主语相一致；当have不当“有”讲时，只能用其助动词与主语相一致。例如：

You had dinner with the Turners, didn’t you?

He has a pen made in the United States of America, hasn’t（=doesn’t ）he ?

19．由于情态动词must具有推测性和非推测性，指客观情况的是非推测性用法，而指说话人的主观看法是推测性用法。当前面陈述部分的must是非推测性用法时，其反意疑问句分别用mustn’t或needn’t相对应。

（1）当must表“应该”时，其后的反意疑问句中mustn’t用。例如：

I must work hard at all my subjects this term, mustn’t I ?

（2）当must表“必须”时，其后的反意疑问句中用needn’t。例如：

Parents must show concern for their children, needn’t they ?

20．当陈述部分是主语everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, each, one等不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语常用they，也可用he。例如：

Everyone likes the new teacher, don’t they ? / doesn’t he ?

Neither of them agreed, did he / they ?

Nobody can do it, can he / they ?

Nobody likes to lose money, does he ? / do they ?（谁也不愿意丢钱包，是吗？）

Each of the students went there, didn’t he / they ?每个学生/学生们都去过那里，是吗？

（当each是强调个人时，就用he；强调集体时，就用they）