英语动词基本形式专题复习
外研版英语动词基本形式专题复习
一、动词基本形式
1．My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn't to see them after several months away from home.
A. wait
B. help
C. expect
D. afford
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：我父母说，他们要来看我。远离家几个月之后，我迫不及待的想见他们。A,wait等待，B，help帮助。C，expect期望。D，afford买得起。根据题意can’t wait to do迫不及待的做某事。故选A
【点评】本题考查动词词义辨析。以及wait、help、except、afford四个次的词义和用法。
2．As parents, you should pay more attention to your words, because sometimes they will ________ your child`s schoolwork.
A. influence
B. improve
C. increase
D. require
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：作为父母，你应该更多得注意你的话，因为有时候它们会影响你的孩子的功课。A. 影响，B. 提高，C. 增长，D. 需要，根据句意可知答案，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。熟记这些动词。
3．You are beautiful today. your shoes color __________ your dress color.
A. catches
B. matches
C. meets
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：你今天很漂亮。你鞋子的颜色跟连衣裙的颜色很搭配。catch意为“抓住”，meet意为“见面；满足”。动词match符合句意，故选B。
【点评】考查动词的词义辨析，注意理解句意，根据语境选择合适的动词。
4．Edison ________ the light bulb and Columbus ________ America.
A. discovered； discovered
B. invented； discovered
C. invented； invented
D. discovered； invented
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：爱迪生发明了灯泡，哥伦布发现了美洲。“发明”为invent，主要指发明世界上原本不存在的东西；“发现”discover，表示发现客观上已存在的事物。故选B。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析，注意理解选项意思，理解句意。
5．The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A. lent
B. offered
C. took
D. brought
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：在拥挤的公交车上，这个小男孩主动将座位让给了一位老太太。lend“借（出）”;offer“主动提供”;take“带（走）”;bring“带（来）”。根据句意可知，故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词的辨析。
6．My sister used to _____ thin and short, but now she is tall.
A. be
B. was
C. has
D. have
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】根据thin and short又瘦又矮，可知此处填动词be。used to do sth.过去常常做某事。故选A。
【点评】考查动词原形。
7．Before stamps, people didn't for the letters they sent, but for the letters they received.
A. pay
B. cost
C. spend
D. lake
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意是：在邮票出现之前，人们寄信不花钱，但是收到信时付费。pay for是固定搭配，意为“付款”，故选A。
【点评】本题考查表示“花费、付款”等几个动词的辨析。
8．— Sorry, we can't hear you clearly. Could you please _______ your e-mail address?
— I'll write it down.
A. pronounce
B. repeat
C. review
D. connect
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：——抱歉，我们没能听清楚你。请你重复一下你的电子邮箱地址好吗？——我会把它写下来。A. 发音，B. 重复，C. 复习，D. 连接，根据语境，故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。根据句意选出正确的动词。
9．Although she has no good look, she really hopes to be by her roommates.
A. criticized
B. left
C. respected
D. kept
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然她没有好看的样貌，但她希望能够得到室友的尊重。A批判，B离开，C尊重，D保持。根据Although she has no good look.可知，虽然不好看，但是她希望能够得到尊重。故选C。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析，注意理解动词意思，理解句意。
10．The food here smells good, but what does it ________ like?
A. taste
B. touch
C. seem
D. feel
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：这种食物闻起来很好，但是（尝）起来怎么样呢？ taste尝起来；touch触摸； seem好像；feel like想要。结合句意可知选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
11．Is this story the same as ______in that book?
A. the one
B. what
C. that
D. it
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：这个故事和那本书上的那个故事是一样的吗？此处指the story，故用the one，因此选A。
one，it，that辨析如下：
①one = a +上文出现的名词，意思是“一个……”，比如：There are many bags.I want to buy one.= I want to buy a bag；
②it 用来指代上文出现的单数名词（必需是单数名词,包括可数名词单数和不可数名词），意思是“那个……”，I saw a dog on my way to school.It was big.it指上文的那条狗.；
③that= the +上文出现的名词（必需是单数名词,包括可数名词单数和不可数名词），that 不是用来指代上文的名词,而是另外一个，例如：The weather in Nanjing is hotter than that in Beijing.that=the weather,但并非指上文的天气,而是另外一个天气.
【点评】考查代词辨析。
12．Seeing their teacher into the classroom,they stopped at once.
A. walk; telling
B. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell
D. walking; talking
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：看到他们的老师走进教室，他们立刻停止了谈话。see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，走进用walk into; stop doing sth.停止正在做的事，stop to do sth，停下去做某事。谈话是他们正在做的事情，看见老师就停下不说，用stop doing sth。故选D。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析和固定搭配，注意掌握see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事和stop引导的固定搭配。
13．Sara told us eating too much pizza her sick.
A. let
B. got
C. wanted
D. made
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】“make sb．+形容间”意为”使／让某人怎么样”，为固定用法，故选D。句意是：莎拉告诉我们吃太多的比萨使她不舒服。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析。
14．I ___________this magazine for three months.
A. have bought
B. have had
C. have borrowed
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：这本杂志我买了三个月了。题中for three months.是一个“时间段”提示为现在完成时，且使用延续性动词have，而短暂性动词buy;borrow不能和表示时间段的时间状语连用，故答案为B。
【点评】考查延续性动词与短暂性动词的区分。
15．—What will the phone ?
—The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each.
A. spend
B. cost
C. pay
D. afford
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】spend, pay. afford等的主语都应该是表人的名词或代词：cost的主语应该是表物的名词或代词。本句主语 the phone 表示物，故选B。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析，注意区别spend，cost，pay，afford等几个动词的用法。
16．—Do you miss your families far away?
—Yes, very much. I the hometown for over two years.
A. left
B. were away from
C. have left
D. have been away from
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你想念远方的家人吗？——嗯，很想。我已经离开家乡超过两年了。A离开，瞬间性动词；B离开，一般过去时；C离开，瞬间性动词；D离开，延续性动词。根据时间状语for over two years持续超过两年可知，用现在完成时，且动词要具有延续性。故选D。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析和现在完成时，熟记现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词，注意区分瞬间性动词和延续性动词的用法。
17．I really need to take more exercise because I'm weight.
A. putting off
B. putting on
C. putting down
D. putting away
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:我真的需要多加锻炼，因为我正在增重。A. putting off推迟，扔掉，阻止; B. putting on穿上，上演，增加; C. putting down镇压，记下，贬低，制止; D. putting away放好，抛弃，储存;增加体重用put on，故选B。
18．Don't any more time, or he will miss the meeting.
A. save
B. trust
C. waste
D. love
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：不要再浪费时间，否则他会错过会议的。A. save节约，节省；B. trust相信，信任；C. waste浪费，滥用；D. love喜欢。如果浪费了时间，就赶不上开会。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析，结合句意选择合适的词。
19．When I got home, my father _______ the music.
A. am listening to
B. listened to
C. was listening to
D. was listening
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当我到家的时候，我的父亲……音乐。根据句意可知此处应该使用过去进行时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态的辨析。
20．It is said that an international kindergarten _______ in our town next year.
A. is build
B. was build
C. have built
D. will be built
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：据说我们镇明年……一个国际幼儿园。根据句意可知是将来时，故选D。
【点评】考查时态辨析。
21．Many tourists prefer five-star hotels because they think expensive hotels always_____ （提供）guests with better service.
A. prevent
B. protect
C. present
D. provide
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：许多游客喜欢五星级酒店，因为他们认为昂贵的旅馆总是给客人提供更好的服务。根据service，服务，可知是提供服务。固定搭配provide sb. with sth., 提
供给某人某物。故选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意理解动词意思，理解句意。
22．The library rules say that the library books for two weeks.
A. can be borrowed
B. can be kept
C. should be lent
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：图书馆的规则上说图书馆的书可以保存两周。can be borrowed可以被借，这个选项意思合适，但是里面的动词borrow是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间状语连用，句中的for two weeks就是一段时间，故A不对；can be kept可以被保存，符合句意；should be lent应该被借出，和A选项一样，lend也是瞬间性动词。故选B。
【点评】考查持续性动词与for段时间连用。
23．— How do you like Treasure Island, Kate?
— It's so exciting that I ________ it twice.
A. am reading
B. have read
C. was reading
D. had read
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：-你认为金银岛怎么样，凯特？-它是令人激动的……二次。根据句意可知我已经看了它两次了，故选B。
【点评】考查时态的应用。
24．Neither pens nor paper ___________ in this shop.
A. are sold
B. is sold
C. sells
D. are bought
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：这家商店里既不卖有钢笔不卖纸。sell和主语paper是被动语态，故被动语态，是be done的基本形式，neither nor有就近一致原则，故主语是paper，是第三人称单数，故助动词是is，故选B。
【点评】考查语态，注意一般现在时被动语态和主谓一致的用法。
25．The girl is greatly interested in the song. The lyrics of it her thoughts and feelings. A. express B. discuss C. expect D. imagine
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：那个女孩对那首歌很感兴趣。它的歌词表达了她的想法和情感。
A. 表达，
B. 讨论，
C. 期待，
D. 想象，根据句意可知歌词表达了她的想法和情感，故选A。【点评】本题考查动词辨析。熟记这些动词的意义和用法。
二、定语从句
26．We all enjoy reading the story _______ has a happy ending.
A．who B．whom C．that D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句，先行词是the story，是物，关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人，关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意，故选C。
【点睛】
当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.
1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如：
Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.
Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.
2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如：
He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man.不到长城非好汉.
All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.
3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如：
I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.
I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.
4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如：
I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.
It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.
在以下情况多用that.例如：
5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如：
She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.
China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.
27．－I’ll never forget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.
－It must have a great effect on your life.
A．when B．that C．which D．in which
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：——我永远不会忘记我和农民一起在农场里生活的那些年。——它一定对你的生活有很大的影响。考查定语从句。先行词the years是时间，需用when做引导词。根据句意结构，可知选A。
28．Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.
A．who B．whose C．which D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：建于上世纪60年代的南京长江大桥现在正在修理。who引导定语从句，先行词应该是人，在从句中做主语或宾语；whose…的；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，which 在从句中做主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge,是物，故应选C。
29．The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _________ have difficulties.
A．which B．whom C．who D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：那个富人对有困难的人非常善良，而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语，宾语或表语。此处先行词people，表示人，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。故选C。
30．According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.
A．which B．whom C．whose D．who
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：根据一项调查，能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which 哪一个，代物/人；B. whom谁，宾格，代人；C. whose谁的，代物主；D. who谁，主格，代人。本句是定语从句，people人/人们，在句中做主语，结合句意和语境，可知选D。
31．There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week.
A．who B．when C．which D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。
关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人；when的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作状语；what不能引导定语从句，此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum，在从句中作visit的宾语，故选C。
32．Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A．which B．what C．who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。
A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；
B. what不能引导定语从句；
C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。
33．—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?
—The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.
A．who B．where C．whose D．that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜？——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。
A. who谁；
B. where哪里；
C. whose谁的；
D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时，引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing，是序数词，因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选D。
34．The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A．who is singing B．is singing C．sang D．was singing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。
这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the girl，定语从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导定语
从句，故选A。
35．That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes.
A．that used to wash B．which was used to washing
C．which got used to washing D．that was used to wash
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法，而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法，排除
B/C；再由That was his first invention.可知，本题是过去时，因此在that引导的定语从句中，应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服，语境是：那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。
初中英语语法——动词的时态
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④seldom ⑤sometimes ⑥every＋时间 ⑦次数＋时间 ⑧on＋时间 ⑨in＋时间 ⑩没有时间，但表示客观存在的事实 （2）一般现在时动词的形式主要用动词原形表示，但如果主语是单数第三人称时，则在动词后加s或es，变成否定句和疑问句时，又将s、es去掉，还为原形。 ①be动词的一般现在时的构成 否定式和疑问否定式如下表所示： ②其他实义动词的一般现在时的构成
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