中内一期末重点
中内一期末重点
（一）胃痛
1、名词解释
（1）心下痞（2）心嘈
2、简答题
（1）治疗肝胃郁热型胃痛，在理气药的选择上应注意什么？
3、类证鉴别：胃痛与腹痛
4、论述题
（1）试述胃痛与肝脾的关系。
5、要求背诵：
（1）教材P162：《医学正传》所云“但通之法，各有不同。调气以和血，调血以和气，通也；上逆者使之下行，中结者使之旁达，亦通也；虚者助之使通，寒者温之使通，无非通之之法也”。
（二）呕吐
1、名词解释
（1）呕吐（2）反胃（3）泄肝安胃
2、简答题
（1）为什么说呕吐不论虚实均存在胃气上逆？
（2）如何根据呕吐物进行辨证？
3、类证鉴别
（1）呕吐与反胃
（2）呕吐与噎膈
4、论述题
（1）呕吐、胃痛、泄泻均与肝气有关，其病理变化及治疗有何异同？
（三）痢疾
1、名词解释
（1）肠澼（2）滞下（3）逆流挽舟法
2、简答题
（1）痢疾的主要病机特点有哪些？
（2）刘河间对痢疾治疗方面的著名论述是什么？
3、类证鉴别
（1）痢疾与泄泻
（四）泄泻
1、名词解释
（1）飧泄（2）溏泄（3）五更泻（4）濡泄
2、简答题
（1）什么叫“治泻九法”？
（2）临床治疗泄泻时应该注意哪些方面？
（3）肾虚导致的五更泻应有哪些特点？
4、论述题：
（1）为什么说“泄泻之本，无不由于脾胃”？
（2）“湿”这一病理因素对泄泻发病的影响主要表现在哪些方面？（五）便秘
1、名词解释
（1）脾约（2）阳结（3）阴结
2、简答题：
（1）便秘的基本病机特点是什么？与哪些脏腑功能失调有关。3、论述题：
（1）对于便秘患者，如何灵活运用调畅气机之法?
（六）腹痛
一．简答题：
1、腹痛临床辩证及诊断时应着重注意哪些方面？
2、临床治疗腹痛时应注意那些方面？
二．类证鉴别：1、腹痛与胃脘痛 2、腹痛与胁痛
三．论述题：
1、《医学正传》是如何理解“治疗腹痛多以‘通’字立法的？（七）疟疾
一、名词解释：1、疟疾（正疟）2、疟母3、劳疟
二、简答题：
1、简述疟邪致病原理
（八）积聚
一、名词解释：1、积聚2、痞块3、癥瘕
二、简答题：
1、积聚辩证时应着重注意哪几方面
2、临床治疗积聚时应注意哪些方面
3、积聚日久，可变生哪些病证
三、类证鉴别：积聚与鼓胀
四、论述题：
1、为什么积聚之形成主要涉及肝脾？
2、为什么说治疗积聚时，治实当顾其虚，补虚勿忘其实？
（九）胁痛
一、名词解释：1、肝着
二、简答题：
1、胁痛疼痛性质有哪些？对于临床辩证有何意义？
2、试述疏肝理气药物在治疗胁痛时的应用要点。
三、类证鉴别：
1、胁痛与胸痛
2、胁痛与胃脘痛
（十）黄疸
一、名词解释：1、黄疸2、急黄3、萎黄
二、简答题：
1.什么叫“五疸”
2.黄疸临床辩证时应着重注意哪几方面
3.黄疸日久，可变生哪些病证？
三、类证鉴别：1、黄疸与萎黄
四、论述题：
1.如何理解“湿”在黄疸发病中的作用？为什么说“利小便”是治疗黄疸的重要方法？（十一）鼓胀
一、名词解释：1、鼓胀2、蜘蛛蛊
二、简答题：
1.鼓胀临床辩证时应注意哪些方面
2.临床治疗鼓胀时应注意哪些方面
三、类证鉴别：鼓胀与水肿
四、论述题：
1.如何运用逐水法治疗鼓胀？
（十二）湿阻
一、名词解释：疰夏
二、简答题：
1 临床治疗湿阻时应注意哪些方面？
三、论述题：
1 试述湿邪与脾胃的关系。
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《看听学3L小学英语》第1 课显示/全部：18/18 [mi:t]vt. [?nd, ?nd]conj. [eis]pron. [iz, s, z, ?z]vi.是 [klɑ:s]n.班级 [h?:]pron. ['ti:t??]n. ['mist?]先生 [wit?]pron. [j?:, j?:, j?r, j?:r]pron. [pen]n. [e?, ei]art.( [red] a. [s?:]n. [hi?]ad. [ju, ju:]pron. [ɑ:]vi. [θ??k]vt.
《看听学3L小学英语》(1) - 第2 课显示/全部：7/7 [blu:] a. ['pensl]n. [gri:n] a. [buk]n. [braun] a. [`sk u:lb?g]n. ['r?b?]n.
《看听学3L小学英语》(1) - 第3 课显示/全部：11/11 [hiz]pron. [mis]小姐 [hu:z]pron. [k?p]n. [it]pron. [jes]ad. [k?m]vi. [sit]vi. [daun]prep. [pli:z]ad.
听学3L小学英语》(1) -第4 课显示/全部：1/1 ['ru:l?]n. 《看听学3L小学英语》(1) -第5 课显示/全部：9/9 [kik]vt. [b?:l]n. [?:l] a. [rait] a. [luk]vi. [?u]int. ['s?ri] a.
《看听学3L小学英语》(1) -第6 课显示/全部：12/12 ['jel?u] a. ['baisik(?)l]n. ['penslb?ks]n. ['bɑ:skit]n. [desk]n. [wait] a.白的 a. [?m'brel?]n. [kɑ:]n. [grei] a. ['teib?l]n. [bl?k] a. [t?e?]n.
新概念英语第一册 期末复习资料
新概念英语-期末复习重点内容归纳 1.牢记下列反义词组。 Fat – thin woman – man hot – cold tall – short old – young Busy – lazy dirty – clean big – small long – short shut – open Grandmother – grandfather mother – father heavy – light 2.常用交际用语。 （1）Thank you very much ! （非常感谢） （2）Y ou are welcome .(不用谢) （3）Here you are .(给你) （4）Y our ticket , please. (请出示你的票) （5）What’s the matter ? （你怎么啦） （6）Excuse me ! （对不起，打扰一下） （7）Sorry . / I am sorry . (对不起，非常抱歉) （8）-How are you ? -I’m fine , thank you . ( Fine , thanks .) (9) -Nice to meet you . （见到你非常高兴）(用于初次与别人见面) -Nice to meet you too . （10）-How do you do ? (你好！)（正式场合） -How do you do ? 3. 常用问句。 (1) Is this your … ? 这是你的什么……吗？ 例：-Is this your shirt ? ( 这是一个一般疑问句) 肯定回答：Y es , it is . 否定回答：No , it isn’t . 变为陈述句：This is my shirt .( 注意是my ,人称要变化) 再变为否定句：This is not your shirt. (2) Are these your …这些是你们的……吗？ -Are these your lovely dogs ? 肯定回答：Y es , they are . 否定回答：No, they aren’t .( aren’t = are not ) 变为陈述句：These are my lovely dogs . 再变为否定句：These are not my lovely dogs . (3) What make is it ? 它是什么牌子的？ 回答：It’s Japanese . 或It’s a Japanese car . 同类型的：She is English . = She is an English girl . (4) Whose is this …. ? 这是谁的…….? 例：Whose is this big glass ? 这是谁的大杯子？ 回答可以说：It’s mine . 或It’s my glass . (5) What color is your …? 你的……是什么颜色？ 例：-What color is his umbrella ? 他的雨伞是什么颜色？ -It’s red . 例：-What color are his umbrellas ? -They’re red . (6) What are their jobs ?他们的工作是什么？
新概念英语第一册期末测试卷
新概念英语Lesson97-lesson144 一. 按要求填空。 1. Sit (现在分词) 2. have (过去分词 ) 3. buy (过去式) (反义词) 5．Read (现在分词 ) 6. see (过去分词)（复数形式） (第三人称单数形式) (过去式) 10. wife (复数形式) 二单项选择。 1、—Is this your coat — . A No, it is B Yes, it isn’t C Yes, it is D No, this is 2、Is this an Italian car an American car A or B and C but D ∕ 3、—How （怎么样）is Jim today — , thanks. A He’s good B He’s fine C He is a student D He fine 4、There bottles on the table. A are B be C being D is 5、—Where is Kate —She’s in the garden（花园）. She under the tree. A is sit B sit C is sitting D sits 6、— you speak English —Yes, I . A Must, must B May, may C May, must D Can, can 7、 are doing our homework. A Jane and I B Jane and me C I and Jane D Me and Jane
外交部翻译孙宁英语学习心得_bb
外交部翻译－孙宁英语学习心得 发布于2014年12月21日23:03 孙宁：1981年生于古城南京。1993年考取南京外国语学校，其间获全国中学生英语能力竞赛和中澳国际英语能力竞赛高中组特等奖。1999年保送进入北京外国语大学英语系，其间获“21世纪-爱立信杯”第七届全国英语演讲比赛冠军并出版译著三本。2003年8月入外交部翻译室，2004年9月公派赴英留学。 Colin Powell说过，没有美国就没有今天的他，自然也就没有那本风靡一时的My American Journey。不是因为英语的缘故，今天的我不会是这样，也就不会有这篇文章。Powell 说过，自己是a student of history。我也以自己是a student of English而自豪，是为题记。 A Bumpy Start 开始接触英语是在小学五年级。那时每学完一课，老师会在黑板上写下生词的中文，然后找人上去写英文，完了再带大家读一遍。为了不当“出头鸟”，每到英语课，一向很皮的我总是变得很乖。可这一天终究躲不过，虽然手心写了“阿姆布热拉”之类，可在黑板前吭哧了半天也没把umbrella拼对。 小学升初中英语考了96，但周围清一色的满分让我抬不起头来。好在英语要折成20分满分——加上我语文不错——才勉强进了外语学校。 外语学校集中了全市的优等生。我的同桌就很厉害——告诉我他有英文名了，叫Superman。但第一节课过后，他终究没能保住自己的名字。老师给我们取名：我叫Peter，他叫Paul——日后有人调侃：“XX催你还钱，没钱就找孙宁借”，打成语一个：rob Peter to pay Paul。 这堂课让我再次感到自己不是学语言的料。同班一个女孩的名字（Laura）我舌头怎么也绕不过来；课代表名字（Margaret）的拼写是到初三时才记住的。 Getting on My Way 孺子不可教，但老师却有教无类。中学第一位英语老师叫程翠瑛，有近三十年的教龄。程老师要求很严，但我们却很感激她：没有严师，哪来高徒？她上课条理清楚，一丝不苟；课下还主动帮我们答疑，给我们念诗，教我们唱歌。初二寒假前，程老师说下学期不教我们了，我知道当时我的眼里是有泪水的。这就是我爱上英语的第一步，有一位好的启蒙老师。 磁带上的那些“鸟语”，我很快就听懂是什么了。相信下面几句在日后外校同学聚会时都会提起并得到大家响应：Meet Sandy and Sue. This is Sue’s class. Her teacher’s MrKrisp …。这就是被我们简称为3L的Look, Listen and Learn!，那代学子心中的经典。爱屋及乌，我们自然也就崇敬它的编者，一个秃秃的小老头。数年后某天下午，老先生辞世的消息从收音机里传来，才好像真正宣布那个时代的终结。现在，每当我看见外研社边老先生的塑像，就会默默祈祷每个刚开始接触英语的人都能有我这么幸运，有本好的启蒙教材。