定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解
一. 定语从句
注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，
如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy
是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，
如：③.She is the girl in red.她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money.那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for.她就是你在找的人。
2. 分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5: 主句：He is the man
从句: who you are looking for
在从句中，looking for的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。
3. 从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：
He is the man you are looking for.
二. 定语从句(从句部分)
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
(1) 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，
如:some-, any-, every和no 与-boy, -thing 的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those 等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
(2) 先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit(them) in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词: which, that, who, whom, whose, a^
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
(1) 先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
(2) 看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
一.关系代词which的用法
English is a language.
It is spoken all over the world.
=> English is a language which is spoken all over the world.英语是世界各地都在使用的语言。
He looked for a car.
The engine of the car was in good condition.
=>He looked for a car the engine of which was in good condition.
Where is the parcel?
We received it this morning.
=> Where is the parcel (which) we received this morning? 今天早上我Cl收到的包裹在哪里？
二. 关系代词that的用法
He 's in love with a girl that/who has red hair.他正和一位红发女孩谈恋爱。
Baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like.棒球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。
三. 注意that/ which区别：
在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用
which
先行词被形容词最高级修饰
1. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced.今天是我Cl经历过最寒冷的一天。
(2)先行词被序数词修饰
2. The first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.
你必须做的第一件事就是学习数学。
先行词中既有人又有物时。
3. The driver and the car that had fallen into the sea were quickly recovered.
掉到海里的司机和车子很快就被捞起来了。
主句中已有疑问词who或which时
4.1 Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 在大会上被表扬
的那位妇女是谁？
4.2 Which is the picture (that) Mary painted? 哪一幅是Mary 画的画？
(5) 先行词被only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very等修饰时。
5. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯一一个想当老师的学生
~ O
(6) 先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything 等不定代词时。
6.1 All (that) he said was not true.他所说的并非全是真的。
6.2 We haven't got much that we can offer you.我们没有多少东西能身你们提供。
6.3 My brother fixed almost anything that needed repairing. 我哥哥几乎修理了任何一个需要修理的东西。
(7) 有两个定语从句，其中一个关
系代词已用which,另一个宜用that.
7. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
爱迪生办了一家工厂，生产过去从未见到过的东西。
在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词宜用which而不用that
可用于非限定性定语从句中，代替物、整个主句或主句中的一部分。
可用于介词之后，即介词+ which (代物)。
1.Is that the man?
You lent the money to him.
Is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to . 那位就是跟你借钱
的人吗？
Is that the man to whom you lent the money ?(这里的whom 不能被that 代替)
2. The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late.那班我正在等的火车现在已晚了半小时。
3. This is the habit which you must try to do with.这是你必须改掉的习惯。
(如果是固定短语，介词不能被提到关系代词前)
关系代词who/whom的用法
This is the man with whom I worked. 这位就是和我一起工作的人
This is the teacher who often tells jokes.这就是那个常讲笑话的老师。
关系词who与that的区别
关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
(1) 当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
(2) 先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one 等词时，关系词用who。
(3) 当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
关系代词whose的用法
Whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物
1. He looked for a car.
Its engine was in good condition.
=> He looked for a car whose engine was in good condition. 他在找一部弓I 擎状况好的车子。
What的用法
重点：
What = the thing（s） which
=all that
=anything that
The thing which I want is peace of mind.
=> What I want is peace of mind.我所析是心灵的平静。（经典口语句）
She told the detectives all that they wanted to know.
=> She told the detectives what they wanted to know.她告诉侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。
I don't know what they were talking about.
我不知道他们谈论的事情。（关系代词）
我不知道他们在谈论什么。（疑问词）
注意what的重点：
1. What is called/ what we（you, they） call 所谓的
She is what is called /what we call a walking dictionary.他是所谓的活字典。
A is to... What
B is to ... A之对...的关系正如B之对...的关系
Air is to us what water is to fish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
What A is (was/used to be)今日的A (昔日的A)
She is not what she was ten years ago.她不再是十年前的她。
What is +比较级更...的是
What is more更好的是；而且
What is worse = to make matters worse 而且更糟的是
关系代词可省略
关系代词作宾语可省略
The lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher.我们在街上遇见的女士是我们的老师。
关系代词作补语可省略
She is not the beautiful girl (that) she was. 她现在不像以前那么漂亮
在there(here) is (are)的句型中，关系代词可省略。
There is someone (who) wants to see you. 有人想要见你。
There are many young men who are against him.有许多年轻人反对他。
注意：在there be开头的句子中，要注意be动词的单、复数要与关系代词who 后面的谓语动词的单复数保持一致。
关系代词后有there(here) is (are)关系代词可省略。
This is the only tie (that) there is in this store.这是这家店里唯一的一个领带。
one of 与the (only) one of 的区另U
One of +复数名词+关系代词+动词的复数
Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.
〈〈泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影
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高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
高中定语从句详细讲解精编版
高中定语从句详细讲解 精编版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在
高考英语定语从句难点总结归纳
高考英语定语从句陷阱题总结归纳 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1.The factory was built in a secret place,around______high mountains. A.which was B.it was C.which were D.them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目(答案均为C: (1Yesterday we visited a modern hospital,around_______some fruit shops. A.which is B.it is C.which are D.them are (2The murder happened in an old building,beside______the city police station. A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are (3Next month we’ll move to a new building,next to_______a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A.which are B.it is C.which is D.them are 2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked,“Is there a hospital around______I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A.that B.which C.where D.what 【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around是介词,选which用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C的理由是:句中的around不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤? 3._____is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month. A.It