机工英语问答题答案
Lesson 1 Daily English
Task 2 Answer the questions
1. What is your name? 你叫什么名字？
My name is ……我叫……。
2. How old are you? 你多大了？
I’m twenty.二十岁。
3. What is your marital status? 你的婚姻状况是什么？
I’m married.我结婚了。
4. How many people are there in your family? 你家有几口人？
Three My father my mother and I. 三口爸爸、妈妈和我。
5. How long have you worked on board? 你在船上工作多长时间了？
For one year. 一年。
6. How many countries have you ever been to? 你去过多少个国家？
One the U.S.A 一个美国。
7. Do you like your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗？
Yes, I do.（I like）是的，我喜欢。
8. What is your favorite color? 你最喜欢的颜色是什么？
Green 绿色。
9. Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？
Spring 春天。
10. What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐？
Pop music 流行音乐。
Lesson 2 Common terms on board
Task 2 Answer the questions
1.How many departments are there on board ship? 船上有几个部门？
Two the engine department and the deck department.
两个轮机部和甲板部
2.Could you list some common machinery on board? 你能列举一些船上常见的机
械设备吗？
Yes, main engine, generator and boiler etc. 可以，主机，发电机和锅炉等等3.Who is responsible for the engine department? 谁负责轮机部？
The chief engineer. 轮机长
4.Who is responsible for the deck department? 谁负责甲板部？
The chief officer. 大副
5.What does UMS stand for? UMS代表什么？
Unattended Machinery Space 无人机舱
Lesson 4 Auxiliary machinery operation
Task 2 Answer the questions
1.What’s the function of fuel oil separator?燃油分油机的作用是什么？
To remove water and impurities from oil. 从油当中去除水和杂质。
2. What boiler is used when the ship is at sea? 当船舶在海上航行的时候使用什么
锅炉？）
Exhaust gas boiler. 废气锅炉
3. What boiler is used when the ship is in port? 当船舶在港内的时候使用什么锅炉？）
Donkey boiler. 辅锅炉。
4. Why do we have to treat boiler water? 为什么我们必须处理锅炉水？
To avoid corrosion and scale. 为了避免腐蚀和结垢。
5. What is the function of purifier? 分水机的作用是什么？
To remove water from oil. 从油当中去除水。
6. What is the function of clarifier? 分杂机的作用是什么？
To remove impurities from oil. 从油当中去除杂质。
7. What is the function of pump? 泵的作用是什么？
To transfer the liquid . 泵送液体。
8. The gear pump belongs to the positive displacement pump. True or false? 齿轮泵属于容积式泵。正确还是错误？
It’s true.正确。
9. What kind of liquid is the gear pump suitable for? 齿轮泵适合泵哪种液体？
For pumping the oil. 适合泵油
10. Which type of boiler does “D” type boiler belong to, water-tube boiler or fire-tube
boiler? D型锅炉属于哪种锅炉，水管式锅炉还是火管式锅炉？
It belongs to water-tube boiler. 它属于水管式锅炉。
Lesson 6 Auxiliary machinery operation
Task 2 Answer the questions
1.What is pH value of cooling water kept at 20 degrees centigrade? 20摄氏度的冷
却水的pH值是多少？
Seven to ten. 7到10
2.How to remove the impurities form bilge water? 怎样从舱底水中去除杂质？
Filtering it 过滤它。
3.Whose permission should you get if you discharge bilge water? 如果排放舱底水
你应该得到谁的允许？
The permission from the bridge. 驾驶台的允许。
4.What equipment should you use if you discharge bilge water? 如果排放舱底水
你应该用什么设备？
The oily water separator and the bilge water pump. 油水分离器和舱底水泵。5.What pump will you use to transfer bilge water from slop tank to the oily water
separator? 你将使用什么泵把舱底水从污水舱驳运到油水分离器？
The single screw pump. 单螺杆泵。
6.What valve is used to supply sea water for the fire main directly? 什么阀用来直
接给消防总管供海水？
Sea chest. 海底阀箱。
7.What is fresh water used for on board? 船上的淡水用来做什么？
For drinking, toilet and boilers. 用于饮用，盥洗和锅炉。
8.What is sea water used for on board? 船上的海水用来做什么？
For cooling, sanitary, fire extinguishing and ballasting. 用于冷却，清洁，灭火和压载。
9.What is used as a source to produce fresh water? 什么用作生产淡水的来源？
Sea water 海水。
10.What equipment can be used to produce fresh water? 什么设备用来产生淡水？
Fresh water generator. 造水机。
Lesson 7 Stand by Engine
Task 2 Answer the Questions
1.When do you need to communicate with the bridge? 你什么时候需要跟驾驶台
联系？
When the engine room has any trouble or standby engine.当机舱出现故障或者备车的时候
2. When should you check the engine telegraph? 什么时候应该检查车钟？
Before standby engine and after repairs.备车之前和修理之后
3. How do you check the engine telegraph? 怎样检查车钟？
Check it according to signals from bridge根据驾驶台的信号检查车钟
4. When must you test the steering gear? 什么时候必须检查舵机？
Before standby engine, after repairs and during PSC inspection.备车之前，修理之后和港口国检查期间
5. What items of the main engine should you check before starting?
主机启动前。你应该检查什么项目？
Check the reversing and control gear.检查换向和控制装置
6.How do you test the main engine? 如何测试主机？
Give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern. 简单地正车和倒车试车。
7. How does the duty engineer correct the clock in engine room? 值班轮机员如何在
机舱核对时间？
To do it according to the bridge instruction.根据驾驶台的指示核对时间
8. What should you prepare for cooling water system when “stand by engine”?备车
时你对冷却水系统应做哪些准备工作？
Cooling water should be at working level and heated to proper temperature.冷却水
应该在工作水位上然后加热到合适的温度
9.How are you going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil?
如何将燃油换成柴油？
Shut the steam valve; decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve.关闭蒸汽阀，降低燃油温度，打开柴油阀
10. Why does the engine speed rise up using fuel oil instead of diesel oil? 为什么采
用燃油换柴油后，主机的转速会增加？
Because the specific gravity of fuel oil is higher than that of diesel oil.因为燃油的比重比柴油的大
Lesson 8 Emergency Situation
Taks2 Answer the questions
1. As soon as you hear the fire and emergency signal, what should you ensure? 一旦
你听到火灾和应急信号，你应该确定什么？
Fire position first.首先确定火源
2. How do you put it out when you come across the fire caused by electrical
equipment? 当你遇到电气设备引起的火灾时，你怎么扑灭它？
To use carbon dioxide and dry powder. 使用二氧化碳和干粉
3.When the fire alarm is sounded continuously, what should the engine room
personnel do? 当火灾警报连续鸣响时，机舱人员该怎么做？
To start the emergency fire pump. 启动应急消防泵。
4. If a warning of a crankcase explosion is received, what steps should be taken right
away? 如果收到曲轴箱爆炸的警报，你应该立刻采取什么措施？
To reduce engine speed and then stop the engine.。减速然后停车
5. What is essential before checking any kind of electrical equipment? 在检查任何电
器设备之前，什么是最重要的？
Cut off the power supply . 首先切断电源
Shut down the power supply first
6. What actions should you take if the exhaust temperature of the main engine is
excessive high? 如果主机排气温度过高，你应该采取什么措施？
To reduce the engine speed and find out the causes.减速然后找原因
7. In the event of blackout, what should you do as a chief engineer? 万一发生全船失电，作为轮机长你应该做什么？
Go to engine room immediately and then report it to bridge and captain.立刻下机舱然后报告给驾驶台和船长
8. How many types of extinguisher do you know? List some. 你知道多少种灭火器，
请列举一些？
Four. Dry powder extinguisher, foam extinguisher, carbon dioxide extinguisher,
and so on.四种，干粉灭火器，泡沫灭火器，二氧化碳灭火器等等
9. In the event of collision, what should you do? 万一发生碰撞，你应该做什么？
I will carry out the job which is assigned on the muster list. 我将执行应变部署
表分配的工作。
Stand by engine, sound fuel levels for all the tanks near accident position, cut off the source of power, oil, water and air near accident position.备车，测量所有事故位置附近的油柜，切断事故位置附近的电源，油，水和空气
10. What should be done before carbon dioxide is released to the engine room? 机舱
释放二氧化碳之前，该做什么工作？
Sound alarm and evacuate all personnel from the engine room, then secure all the openings and vents of engine room. 鸣笛报警，所有人员从机舱撤离，然后关闭机舱所有的开口和通风口。
All the engine room staff should leave engine room as soon as possible first. Then all the doors and ventilations closed and quick-closing valve shut. 首先所有机舱人员尽快离开机舱，然后关闭所有的门，通风口以及速闭阀
Lesson 9 Emergency Situation
Task 2 Answer the questions
1.What immediate actions should be taken for engine room flooding? 当机舱进水
时应立即采取什么措施？
Report it to bridge and chief engineer at once, then stop leaking and pump water overboard立刻报告驾驶台和轮机长，然后阻止泄漏把水泵出舷外
2. If you found an oil spill in the sea, how would you react? 如果你在海上发现溢
油，将如何作出反应？
We will report to the nearest port Administration, take actions to control pollution and make an entry into the logbook. 报告最近的港口当局，采取行动控制污染，并且将其记入日志。
3. How do you treat the injured person who is not breathing? 你怎样处理不能呼吸的伤员？
To ventilate the compartment and then give artificial respiration to save the person.) 舱室通风然后进行人工呼吸救治伤员
4. How do you test the engine for the lifeboat? 怎样测试救生艇发动机？
Start the engine and make it run ahead and astern for a required period.启动它使它运转，并按要求前进和后退。
Check oil level, start operating and stop it检查油位，开始运行然后停止
5. What are materials for oil pollution prevention? 什么材料可以用来防止油污染？Saw dust, rags, oil boom, oil dispersant and so on.锯末，破布，围油栏，消油剂等等。
Cotton wastes, rags, oil dispersant, saw dust, and so on棉布头，油抹布，消油剂，
锯屑等等
6. What is the alarm signal for oil spill? 溢油信号是什么？
One short, two long and one short一短，两长，一短
7. What is the alarm signal for a man falling overboard? 有人落水的信号是什么？Three long blasts.三长声。
8. What can be used to prevent spilt oil from spreading out in the event of oil spill? 当发生溢油时什么可以用来防止溢油扩散？
Oil booms围油栏
9. What life-saving devices are equipped on board your ship? 你们船上配备什么救生设备？
Lifeboat, life raft, life buoy, life jacket and so on.救生艇，救生筏，救生圈，救生衣等等。
10. How do you evacuate from the engine room upon abandon ship order? 当弃船命令发出后你怎样从机舱撤离？
By escaping path. 通过逃生路线
Lesson 11 Port State Control Inspection
Taks2 Answer the questions
1. What is PSC? PSC是什么？
Port State Control. 港口国安全检查。
2. What is the purpose of PSC inspection? PSC 检查的目的是什么？
To keep the safety of the ship and crew and avoid the pollution to the marine environment. PSC检查的目的是保证船及船员的安全和避免污染海洋环境。
3. What should you do as a motorman before PSC inspection? 在PSC检查前，作为一个机工你应该做什么？
Clean the engine room and accommodation.清洁机舱和房间。
4. What kind of ship should be provided with Oil Record Book Part I? 什么类型的船
应配备油类记录簿I？
Every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above other than oil tanker. 总吨位为150吨或以上的油轮，以及除油轮之外的总吨位为400吨或以上的船。
5. What is IOPP? How long is it valid? 什么是IOPP？有效期多长？
International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate. 5 years.国际防污染证书，有效期5年。
6. What is the oil content limit when pumping out bilge water? 当泵出舱底水时含油量的限制是多少？
15ppm.百万分之十五
7. What do you know about MARPOL? 关于MAPPOL公约你知道什么？
The MARPOL Convention is the main international convention for pollution prevention of the marine environment MARPOL公约是防止海洋环境污染的主要国际公约
8. What basic training should a crewmember receive before working on board? 船员上船工作之前应接受什么基本培训？
Fire fighting, life saving, pollution prevention, and fist aids.消防，救生，防污染和急救。
9. What is SOPEP? SOPEP是什么？
Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan. 船舶油污染应急计划。
10. How often should you perform fire-fighting drill and life-saving drill? 你们多长
时间进行一次消防和救生演习？
Once a month. 一个月一次。
Lesson 12 ISM/ISPS Inspection
Task2 Answer the questions
1. What is ISPS? ISPS是什么？
International ship and port facility security code. 国际船舶与港口设施保安规则
2. What is ISM? 什么是ISM?
International Safety Management Code. 国际安全管理规则
3. What is IOPP? What is the valid period? IOPP是什么？有效期是什么？
International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate. 5 years. 国际防油污证书。有效期5年。
4.What does SMS stand for? SMS代表什么？
Safety Management System. 安全管理体系
5.What does SSO stand for in the ISPS Code? 在ISPS规则中，SSO代表什么？
Ship Security Officer. 船舶保安员
6.What does SSA stand for in the ISPS Code? 在ISPS规则中，SSA代表什么？
Ship Security Assessment. 船舶保安评估
7.What does ISSC stand for in the ISPS Code? 在ISPS规则中，ISSC代表什么？
International Ship Security Certificate. 国际船舶安全证书
8.What does CSO stand for in the ISPS Code? 在ISPS规则中，CSO代表什么？Company Security Office. 公司保安员
9.What does SOPEP consist of? SOPEP由什么组成？
SOPEP shall include the equipment and muster list against oil pollution, the emergency contacts and report procedures, and so on.包括防污设备和应急部署表，紧急联系和报告程序等等。
10.How often do you perform security drills? 保安演习多长时间进行一次？
Once every three months. 每三个月一次
Lesson 13 Engine Room Maintenance
Task 2 Answer the questions
1.How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine? 如何控制主机的燃油粘度？
By controlling the oil temperature.通过控制燃油的温度
2.Why sea water is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine? 为什么海水不
能直接用来作为柴油机的冷却剂？
Because it is corrosive. 因为海水有腐蚀性。
3.How do you clean the lube oil filters? 怎样清洁滑油滤器？
Wash it with diesel oil and then blow it with compressed air.用柴油清洗然后用压缩空气吹净。
4. Why must he cylinder oil have alkalinity? 为什么气缸油具有碱性？
To neutralize the acid products of combustion.用来中和燃烧中的酸性产物。
To neutralize the acid condition.
5. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler? 为什么你要经常对锅炉水进行处理？
To avoid corrosion and scale.避免腐蚀和结垢
6. Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently? 为什么制冷压缩机启停频繁？
Because of leaking liquid line, lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator and so on.因为液管泄漏，缺少制冷剂，蒸发器脏或者结冰等等
7. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine? 拆卸主
机气缸前应该做什么准备？
Prepare special tools and spare parts, drain off residual oil and water.准备专用工具及备件，泄放掉残留的油和水。
8. How do you clean the fuel oil filters? 怎样清洁燃油滤器？
Wash it with diesel oil and blow it with compressed air.用柴油清洗然后用压缩空气吹净。
9. What do you pay attention to when standing by engine? 当主机启动时你要注意什么？
Check various pressure and temperatures, warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on.检查各种压力和温度，暖机，用盘车机盘车等等。10. When the diesel engine exhausts white smoke, what will you do? 当主机冒白烟
时，你将要做什么？
Stop the main engine and check the fuel oil.停主机然后检查燃油。
英语阅读理解题及答案
英语阅读理解题及答案 Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods. With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast(宴会),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories.
商务英语口试常见话题
In this part each candidate’s task is to choose one topic from a set of three, and to talk about it for one minute. Candidates have one minute in which to prepare and should use this time to make brief notes. The other candidate listens to the talk and is invited to ask one or two questions at the end. Candidates may make notes while listening to their partner. Each candidate is given a different set of three tasks from which to choose. General procedure A choice of three different topics One minute preparation while making notes A/B starts with the other listening---one minute Question asked 1. Customer relation: the importance of offering incentives to customers Offering incentives to customers can help you to strengthen your customer base and enhance customer loyalty. If you offer incentives such as vouchers, complementary tickets, miles, gifts in the promotion or sales, you will attractive more customers and get them buy your products or services. At the same time the image of your company will be improved and your brands are more likely to be known by customers. 2. Product promotion: how to ensure that products are promoted effectively at international trade fairs You should send a professional team of experts to arrange the promotion at the trade fair. They must be familiar with the products you want to promote at the fair. Meanwhile they must be good at dealing with clients especially foreign clients. You should use advanced technology to display your products at the fair. Necessary equipments such as DVD, overhead projector, high-definition screen can help you demonstrate the quality, function and specification of your products. You should design your show room and stand carefully to attract more customers. Your stand should be put up at an obvious place so that every customer can get an easy access to your products. 3. How to reduce labor turnover rates In order to reduce labor turnover rates we must take the following effective measures: Set up a clear staff appraisal process to make sure that the performance of every staff can be evaluated openly and honestly and their promotion is based on their contribution to the company. Thus no one will complaint about unfair promotion which once forced some of your staff to leave their jobs.
(英语)中考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)
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