高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题含答案解析

高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题含答案解析
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题含答案解析

高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题含答案解析

一、选择题

1.-Where are the children? The school bus is leaving.

- I wish they ______ always late.

A.aren’t B.weren’t C.wouldn’t be D.hadn’t been 2.You can download it and rewrite your report using your own words you acknowledge where you got your information by attaching a list of websites you got your information from. A.should B.may

C.would D.could

3.Due to the popularity of the restaurant, it is advisable that a table_______ for a get-together in advance.

A.must be reserved B.is reserved

C.be reserved D.will be reserved

4.With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother insisted an amount of money as a reward.

A.to give B.on his giving C.he was given D.he be given

5.I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A.am, will be B.were, would

C.will be, could D.was, could

6.louder, all the students would hear.

A.If the teacher had spoken B.If the teacher will speak

C.Had the teacher spoken D.If the teacher spoke

7.We require the thief _________ into prison.

A.refers to being put B.referred to be put

C.refer to being put D.referred should be put

8.Some teachers recommended that more books to satisfy the students’ needs.

A.are purchased B.have been purchased

C.were purchased D.be purchased

9.I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A.had got B.got C.would have got D.would get 10.What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.

A.need have done B.must have done

C.can have done D.might have done

11.It’s requested that a lecture ______ on this subject.

A.is given B.should be given C.will be given D.has been given 12._____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A.To avoid being affected; be B.To avoid to be affected; would be C.Avoid being affected; should be D.Avoiding to be affected; be

13.She wouldn’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her. A.were she to know B.had she known

C.did she know D.should she have known

14.The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay.

A.desire; are sent B.desiring; were sent

C.desire; be sent D.desiring; be sent

15.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.

A.would come B.would have come C.came D.had come

16.His suggestion that she ________ in his home suggested he ________ very warm-hearted. A.would stay; was B.stayed; be

C.should stay; be D.stay; was

17.Don't you think it is time you ______ the plan?It is_______ the managers wanted to

see________ soon.

A.set out discussing; that ;to be carried out

B.should set about discussing; that ; to carry out

C.should set out to discuss ;what; to be carried out

D.set about discussing, what; carried out

18.I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night.

A.should be B.were C.had been D.was

19.Tom had his hands full yesterday, otherwise he ______ your graduation ceremony.

A.will attend B.had been attended

C.would attend D.would have attended

20.(2016 ·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.

A.had not fallen B.would not fall

C.did not fall D.would not have fallen

21.I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _________ you waiting for such a long time.

A.will not keep B.have not kept

C.had not kept D.would not have kept

22.(2018·江苏)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.

A.had B.will have

C.would have had D.have had

23.His expression suggested that he ____the invitation and he suggested full preparations _____. A.had accepted; would be made B.accepted; be made

C.has accepted; make D.had accepted; be made

24.They demanded that the right to vote ___________ to every adult.

A.was given B.was giving C.be giving D.be given 25.Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something arbitrary that she would regret forever.

A.must have said B.said C.might say D.might have said

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:——孩子们在哪里?校车就要离开了。——我希望他们没有迟到。Wish后的宾语从句,使用虚拟语气,根据前一句可知,“孩子们在哪里”是叙述现在的事情,因此推断“孩子们不要迟到”是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过去时。故选B。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。A. should应该; B. may或许; C. would将要; D. could能够。句意:如果你通过附加一个你得到信息的网站列表知道从哪里得到的信息,你可以下载它,并使用自己的语言重写你的报告。此处是if引导的虚拟语气,指将来的动作,省略if则将助动词should提到主语的前面,故选A。

3.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:由于这家餐馆很受欢迎,建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式:it is advisable that 主语+(should)+动词原形+---。此处a table和reserve之间是一种被动关系,故答案为C。

4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:在萨姆警探的帮助下,贾斯汀被找到了,所以贾斯汀的母亲坚持要给他一笔钱作为奖励。insist on sb’s doing sth.意为“坚持某人做某事“,所以A和B是错误的。Insist也可跟宾语从句,此时的宾语从句是用虚拟语气,should+动词原形,should也可省略。故C是错误的,分析句子Justin's mother insisted ____an amount of money as a reward.可知,本句中的should省略了,故选D。

5.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我是一名建筑师,因为那样我就能设计自己的房子。此处wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,这里与将来的事实相反,用一般过去时态,且be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故答案为B。

【点睛】

虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式:(1)对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望:主语+wish+从句主语+

would(could, might)+动词原形。eg:I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。(2)表示与现在事实相反的愿望:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词过去式。eg:I wish I wasn’t leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。(3)对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+would/could have/had+过去分词。eg:I wish you had come to my birthday party.

你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。

6.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果老师能够大声说话,所有学生都能听到。这里表示与现在的事实相反的假设,此时:主句用:主语+would/should/ could/might+ 动词原形;从句用:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词一律用were);所以本题应该选择D。 C和A用于表示与过去的事实相反的假设。

7.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意:我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分,referred to 为后置定语,修饰 the thief,因两者构成被动关系,故使用动词的过去分词,即 referred to,故排除A、C选项;require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句:谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。且the thief 与 put into prison 构成被动关系,故选用被动语态,即 the thief (should) be put into prison,综上,故选B。【点睛】

后接虚拟语气的常见词

1)在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中

should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。

例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.

She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.

2)类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:

It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。

8.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:一些老师建议买更多的书来满足学生的需要。recommend推荐;建议,考查句式:recommend that+(should)+do sth 建议应该做某事,从句中使用虚拟语气,排除A、C选项;book和purchase(购买)之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,故填(should)be purchased。should可以省略,故选D。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我特别感谢你,要不是你及时的提醒,我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,根据but for sth, 主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟);but for sth, 主句+would(not) + have done(表示对过去的虚拟)。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟,故选C。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意:真遗憾啊!考虑到他的能力和经验,他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表示怀疑;need have done需要做某事,实际上却未做(表示虚拟语气);must have done一定做了某事(表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测);might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故D正确。

【点睛】

本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done过去不可能做了某事;shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做;needn’t h ave done本没有必要做某事;注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。故选B。

【点睛】

后接虚拟语气的常见词

1)在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。

例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.

She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.

2)类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:

It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。

12.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意:为了避免受到影响,这个学生坚持要求他应该和他非常淘气的同桌分开。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”,与逻辑主语the student为被动关系,故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意,逗号前面部分应该是目的状语,故用不定式作目的状语。第二空动词insist为“坚持要求”之意,后接从句用“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。故选A。

【点睛】

insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况:

1)如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”,且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况,此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如:He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2)如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”,即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生,此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气,构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。如:He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.

3)此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气,即he be separated... = he should be separated...

13.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话,她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位语从句的时态可知,这是对过去时间的虚拟。在if的非真实条件句中,对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用had done,省略连词if后,句子要用部分倒装,即had提前至从句主语之前。故选B项。

14.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意:被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为people,时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形desire;第二空desire(要求)后接that 从句时,其谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式,should可以省略,且team与send构成被动关系,故第二空应填be sent。故选C。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查隐含的虚拟语气。句意:昨天他很忙,否则他就会来参加会议了。这题考查虚拟语气的用法,这里的otherwise是隐含的虚拟条件句,相当于:If he hadn’t been busy yesterday,所以主句用would have done。选B。

16.D

解析:D

【解析】

考查suggest的用法。句意:他建议她待在家里,这表明他很热心。句中suggestion表示“建议”,后面是that的同位语从句,解释说明suggestion的内容,要用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形;suggest在此句的意思是“表明,暗示”,后面的名词性从句不用虚拟

语气,根据主句谓语动词suggested用一般过去时态,故宾语从句也用过去时态,由此可知答案为D。

17.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意:你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗?这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气,从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来,其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语set about doing sth.“开始做某事”,故第一空应填set about discussing;第二空为表语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,指事情,故应用what;第三空分析句子结构可知carry out在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系,故用过去分词carried out。故选D。

【点睛】

It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气

从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来,有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见,且should不能省略),其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如:

I think it's time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。

It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。

I think it’s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。

注:time前有时有about和high修饰:

I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。

与其他的虚拟结构不同,该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如:

It's time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)

18.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我在昨天晚上就告诉他一切。wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气,与现在或者将来相反使用过去时;与过去相反使用过去完成时。根据句意可知本题是表示对过去相反,故使用过去完成时。故选C项。

19.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆昨天一天都很忙,否则他就去参加你的毕业典礼了。without, otherwise, but for 引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,通过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中,虚拟语气的用法一般是:对现在的虚拟:would+do;对过去的虚拟:would(not) + have

done。根据句意,这句话是对昨天的情况的虚拟,故选D。

【点睛】

otherwise 表示“否则”“要不然”时,其后的句子是否用虚拟语气,与句子所表达的意思有关。由于“否则”“要不然”的意思就是“如果不……就……”,它隐含一种条件在里面,所以,如果根据句意,其中的“条件”是真实的,就用陈述语气;如果其中的“条件”是不真实的,就用虚拟语气。在本题中,根据句意是对昨天的情况的假设,与昨天的实际情况并不相符合,所以应使用虚拟语气。同学们在解题时要注意区分这两种情况。20.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。根据句意可知,使用虚拟语气表示与过去相反的事实,if条件句用had done,省略if,将had提前,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选D。21.D

解析:D

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我遇到堵车长达一个多小时,否则我不会让你等这么久的。Otherwise“否则”是解题的关键,相当于虚拟语气的从句“如果不堵车”,那“我就不会让你等”考查的是主句。从was可以判定出与过去相反,主句要用would have done,表示否定用 would not have kept。综上,D选项正确。

22.A

解析:A

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有一次机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。

点睛:本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气:1.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。2.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。3.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +done。分析此题需抓住前句There is a good social life in the village的时态是一般现在时,可以判断出此题wish用于表示现在不可能实现的愿望。

23.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意:他的表情表明他接受了邀请,他建议应该充分做准备。suggest作“暗示,表明”讲时,后面接陈述语句,根据句意可知,第一空的动作发生在suggested之前,表示“过去的过去”作,用过去完成时,故排除B、C项;suggest作“建议”讲时,宾语从句用虚拟语气,动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,主语full preparations与谓语动词make是被动关系,故用should be made,should省略。故选D。24.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand表示“要求”时,所接宾语从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语部分是(should)+动词原形,又由动词give和从句主语the right to vote之间是动宾关系,所以使用被动语态be given。故选D项。

25.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:昨天Jane离开了那场热烈的讨论,否则她可能会说一些让她永远遗憾的武断的话。otherwise在此相当于if she had not walked away from the discussion,即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,所以主句要用should/would/could/might+have done。故选D。

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