《中国古代文学史(一)》2017年4月真题及答案
2017.4中国古代文学史（一）一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）
1.《诗经·生民》是C
A.农事诗
B.讽喻诗
C.史诗
D.婚恋诗
2.以微言大义著称的史学著作是C
A.《尚书》 D.《逸周书》
C.《春秋》
D.《左氏春秋》
3.诸子百家中与儒家并称显学的是D
A.道家
B.纵横家
C.法家
D.墨家
4.“寓言十九，重言十七”出自B
A.《韩非子》
B.《庄子》
C.《论语》
D.《吕氏春秋》
5.“舐痔结驷”出自B
A.《庄子·秋水》
B.《庄子·列御寇》
C.《庄子·逍遥游》
D.《庄子·人间世》
6.屈原作品中风格清新幽渺的是A
A.《九歌》
B.《九章》
C.《天问》
D.《招魂》
7.王充散文的创作特色是D
A.纪行述志
B.引经据典
C.借景抒情
D.崇实尚用
8.《史记》的核心部分是A
A.本纪、世家、列传
B.本纪、书、表
C.世家、列传、书
D.本纪、列传、表
9.《汉书·苏武传》中刻画苏武的品格特点是B
A.仁爱侧隐
B.忠贞不渝
C.礼贤下士
D.仗义疏财
10.《越绝书》产生的年代是D
A.春秋时期
B.战国时期
C.西汉时期
D.东汉时期
11.司马相如《天子游猎赋》的主要表现手法是C
A.直抒胸臆
B.比喻象征
C.铺叙摹绘
D.咏物言志
12.扬雄《甘泉赋》的题材是A
A.祭祀
B.山水
C.田猎
D.宴饮
13.刘歆创作的骚体赋是C
A.《杨柳赋》
B.《太玄赋》
C.《遂初赋》
D.《自悼赋》14.下列诗句出自《古诗十九首》的
是D
A.十五从军征，八十始得归
B.青青园中葵，朝露待日唏
C.北方有佳人，绝世而独立
D.明月何皎皎，照我罗床帏
15.曹操《短歌行》的主要艺术风格
是A
A.悲凉沉雄
B.华丽绮焕
C.纤丽清新
D.清峻悲凉
16.曹植前期代表作品《白马篇》的
主要内容是B
A.抒发怀才不遇之情
B.抒发远大理想和宏伟抱负
C.抒发思乡怀远之情
D.抒发遗世归隐的超脱思想
17.西晋太康诗风的主要特点是C
A.刚健
B.平淡
C.繁缚
D.清空
18.东晋时期，玄言诗在诗坛占据了
主流地位，其发端于A
A.魏正始时代
B.汉武帝时期
C.西晋太康时期
D.东晋永嘉时期
19.陶渊明田园诗的主要风格特点
是A
A.冲淡
B.华丽
C.典雅
D.清刚
20.南朝诗人谢跳的诗风是D
A.古直苍凉
B.清逸玄远
C.雄健豪放
D.明丽清新
21.下列作品中，代表南朝乐府民歌
最高艺术水平的是B
A.《木兰辞》
B.《西洲曲》
C.《华山袋》
D.《子夜歌》
22.南朝骄赋作品中，被《南齐书·文
学传论》评为“雕藻淫艳，倾炫心
魂”的是A
A.鲍照《芜城赋》
B.庾信《小园赋》
C.江淹《恨赋》
D.梁元帝《采莲赋》
23.杨街之《洛阳伽蓝记》的风格特
点是A
A.典丽清拔
B.冲淡自然
C.铺张扬厉
D.高亢悲凉
24.《续齐谐记》属于C
A.志人小说
B.历史传记
C.志怪小说
D.唐人传奇
25.卢思道诗歌的代表作《从军行》
的风格特点是B
A.重词采
B.重气质
C.重格律
D.重理致
26.孟浩然山水诗的风格是A
A.平淡自然
B.幽僻清奇
C.清刚劲健
D.幽深拗峭
27.白居易的《琵琶行》属于C
A.讽谕诗
B.闲适诗
C.感伤诗
D.杂律诗
28.杜牧诗歌中最受推崇的诗体是D
A.五言古诗
B.七言律诗
C.五言绝句
D.七言绝句
29.柳宗元的文学主张之一是A
A.文以明道
B.不平则鸣
C.惟陈言之务去
D.宗经尚简
30.韦庄词的基本风格是B
A.浓艳香软
B.清丽疏放
C.婉丽绮靡
D.雅丽深婉
二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，
每小题2分，共10分）
31.下列说法产生于汉代的有ACE
A.“采诗”说
B.“献诗”说
C.“孔子删诗”说
D.“三体三用”说
E.“六义”说
32.王袭《洞箫赋》的创作特点有
ACE
A.全文写乐器和音乐，完整而集中
B.“写物图貌”，繁细的慕绘
C.咏物自况，融入浓烈的情感
D.“以美为讽”，婉转地表达思想
E.遣词造句，仍存铺夸估屈的风气
33.南北朝时期，由南入北的代表诗
人有DE
A.左思
B.阮籍
C.谢灵运
D.庾信
E.王褒
34.韩愈散文包括多种文体，其中有
ABCD
A.杂文
B.赠序文
C.碑志
D.传记
E.游记
35.唐代传奇的创作特点主要有
ABCDE
A.人物形象栩栩如生
B.故事情节曲折，引人入胜
C.语言华美，凝练传神
D.题材丰富多彩
E.有意为小说
三、名词解释题（本大题共4小题，
每小题3分，共12分）
36.神话
神话是关于神的故事。神话源于想象和幻想。神话反映远古人类思考和探索自然或社会的愿望，是时代的产物。
37.“北地三才”
（1）北朝诗人。
（2）代表诗人是温子升、邢邵、魏收。
38.沉郁顿挫
杜甫诗歌的主要风格。一般认为，所谓“沉郁"，主要指诗歌内容深广，意境雄浑，感情深沉；所谓“顿挫"，主要指诗歌表情达意抑扬跌宕，音调声情起伏迭变。沉郁与作品的主要意境有关，顿挫则与作品的表现技巧有关。
39.敦煌曲子词
在敦煌发现的早期民间词。内容多涉及男女之情。风格朴系，富于生活气息。
四、简答题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）
40.简述贾谊政论散文的艺术特色。贾谊的忧患意识最为浓厚，他的文章指出了藩国之忧、匈奴之患、政治秩序混乱、经济失本无序等一系列重大问题。
一、其文章据实设论，理直气壮，深情恳切。如《治安策》（从中可见出贾谊文章的气势犀利，情感激扬，切直晓畅。）
二、紧凑严密，说理透辟，气盛而情浓。如《论积贮书》（文章紧凑严密，说理透辟。体现着贾谊文章气盛而情浓的特点）。
三、文章铺饰排比，渲染淋漓，深得先秦纵横家说辞的风神。如《过秦论》，（深刻分析秦亡原因，归结为“仁义不施"）。
41.简述汉乐府民歌的创作特色。
汉乐府民歌还有倾诉生活艰难困顿和漂泊流荡的诗。《东门行》、《妇病行》、《孤儿行》。汉乐府民歌中还有表达人生哲理的作品。如《长歌行》：少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲！“指出生命和时光的可贵，鼓励人们珍惜。《[xie]薤露》和《蒿里》，更深刻抒发了对生命终结的悲哀。
42.简述《世说新语》的艺术特点。
一、生动地表现人物的性格特征，
善于采用多种表现手法来刻画人物
形象，而且只有短小的文字，却能
将事件的中心突出，以特征性的细
节描写表现人物的性格和精神面貌。
如《俭啬》以典型事件，典型动作
描绘人物的个性。
二、语言精练，简约含蓄，隽永传
神，既有典雅的辞句，又有生动的
口语，善于将语言写得逼似人物身
份。
43.简述李白歌行体诗歌的艺术特
色。
李白乐府歌行的特点及其对唐代歌
行格式转变的贡献。
一、以第一人称的抒怀和议论表达
主观感受。
二、把自己的个性气质融入乐府诗
的创作中形成了行云流水的抒情方
式，有一种奔腾回旋的动感。
三、李白的乐府诗创作已完成了从
汉魏古体到唐体歌行的根本性改
变。
四、李白歌行的创作成就比乐府高。
李白的歌行完全打破诗歌创作的一
切固有格式，充分体现了盛唐诗歌
气来、情来而蓬勃向上的时代精神，
具有壮大奇伟的阳刚之美。
五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每
小题14分，共28分）
44.试析《离骚》结构和语言方面的
特点。
《离骚》是屈原自叙生平的长篇抒
情诗，他的情感和思想都熔铸在其
中。
一、“美政“理想和深沉的爱国情感。
屈原洞察诸侯争霸的形势，提出了
他的“美政”理想，衷心希望祖国
强盛独立、兴旺发达。遭际的不平
并没有销蚀他深厚的爱国情感，祖
国的独立和强盛，始终是屈原最为
关心的事。强烈的爱国感情使屈原
决定以死殉国。这是《离骚》最令
人感佩的主题之一。
二、追求理想九死不悔的坚韧品格
和疾恶如仇的批判精神。对于“美
政"理想，屈原求索不已，九死不悔；
对于奸佞群小，他痛加指斥，无情
押击。表现屈原对理想的不懈追求
和对奸佞小人的批判蔑视，是《离
骚》的一个主要内容。屈原对理想
热烈追求，对群小严厉斥责，这种
爱憎鲜明的精神品格，给人留下了
难忘的印象。
45.试论杜甫诗歌的写实手法。
杜甫诗歌的写实手法及其多方面的
表现，杜诗写实的特点。以时事入
诗，直面社会现实，确实是杜诗很
突出的特点，在他创作的新题乐府
和古体诗中体现得尤为充分。写实
手法的表现和特点有：
一、杜甫创立了“即事名篇，无复
依傍"的新乐府。
二、杜甫以时事入诗却含有泪水和
深情，具有令人为之神动心摇的感
染力。
三、藉记事以抒情，将记事和叙事
两种形式结合起来，从而使得杜诗
具有“诗史”的性质。
四、以叙事写法写颠沛流离的社会
生活。
00541-2017年4月真题及答案
00541-2017年4月真题及答案
2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 语言学概论试卷 (课程代码00541) 第一部分选择题(共30分) 一、革项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题l分，共20分) 1．汉语属于 A．孤立语 B.屈折语 C．粘着语 D。复综语2．“种花”的“花”和‘‘花钱”的“花”是 A．同义词 B．多义词 C．同音词 D．近义词3．苏美尔人发明了 A．楔形文字 B．甲骨文 C．腓尼基字母 D.阿拉伯字母 4．第二语言学习者在使用外语时常常借助于母语的发音、词义、结构规则或习惯来表达思想的现象叫 A．语言相关 B.语言辅助 C．语言影响D．语言迁移 5．“郭明义是当代的雷锋”中，“雷锋”属于借代中的 A．以部分代整体 B.以特征代本体 C．以具体代抽象D．以专称代通称 6．“成立”和“建立”这两个词的词义区别主要是 A．理性意义不同 B．感情色彩不同 C．语体色彩不同 D．形象色彩不同
7．根据乔姆斯基提出的假设，人的大脑中储存的全人类语言所共有的语言知识叫 A．人类语法 B.普遍语法 C．个人语法 D．个别语法 8．从同一种语言中分化出来的各个语言叫 A．地方话 B．隐语 C．亲属语言 D．原始基础语 9．“活儿我不做了!三颗粮食，收不收有什么关系?”使用的修辞手法是 A．拟人 B．拟物 C．夸张 D．降格 10．语言符号的能指是 A．词汇B．语音 C．语义 D．语法 11．汉语普通话以北方方言为基础方言主要出于 A．人们的喜好 B．经济上的原因 C．文化上的原因D．政治上的原因 12．诗歌属于 A.谈话语体 B．应用语体 C．文学语体 D．宣传语体 13.纳西族语言称“大树”为“树母”、“小树”为“树
2017年英语四级真题及答案
2017年6月英语四级真题 作文一： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. “Dear Andy-How are you? Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the nest time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat,Love,Mom and Dad.” 作文二： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
2017年英语专四真题word版
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2017) —GRADE FOUR— TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN PART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.
03706_2017年4月真题及答案
2017年4月思想道德修养与法律基础真题 一、单项选择题 本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.理想信念是由理想和信念两个概念结合而成，包含了理想和信念各自的含义。其中，理想是（）。 A．人们在社会生活中应该遵循的行为规范的总和 B．人们在改造世界过程中形成的对于自我和世界的认识 C．人们在实践中形成的具有现实可能性的对未来的向往和追求 D．人们在一定的认识基础上确立的对某种思想或事物坚信不疑的态度 【答案】C 【解析】考查理想信念的含义。理想是人们在实践中形成的具有实现可能性的对未来的向往和追求，是人们的世界观、人生观和价值观在奋斗目标上的集中体现。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 2.人们的理想信念遍及社会生活的所有领域，呈现出许多不同的类型。建立社会主义制度，并在全世界实现共产主义，属于（）。 A．生活领域的理想信念 B．职业领域的理想信念 C．道德领域的理想信念 D．社会领域的理想信念 【答案】D 【解析】社会领域的理想信念是人们在社会公共生活方面所持的基本理念和对于理想的社会制度的向往和追求。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 3.人们的理想信念存在于人们的内心深处，属于一种精神现象。但它又不只是一种纯粹的主观现象和静止的精神状态，而是一种包含着行动意志的复合现象，表现为从精神向行动的转变过程。这说明理想信念具有（）。 A．多样性和共同性 B．思想性和实践性 C．时代性和阶级性 D．虚幻性和超越性 【答案】B 【解析】理想信念具有思想性与实践性。人们的理想信念存在于人的内心深处，属于一种精神现象。但是，它又不只是一种纯粹的主观现象和静止的精神状态，而是一种包含着行动意志的复合现象，是一种从精神向行动的转变过程。 【考点】理想信念及其作用 4.现阶段我国各民族人民的共同理想是（）。 A．实现共产主义 B．脱贫致富奔小康 C．建设中国特色社会主义
2017年6月英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)
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00541_2017年4月真题及答案
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A．词汇B．语音 C．语义 D．语法 11．汉语普通话以北方方言为基础方言主要出于 A．人们的喜好 B．经济上的原因 C．文化上的原因D．政治上的原因 12．诗歌属于 A.谈话语体 B．应用语体 C．文学语体 D．宣传语体 13.纳西族语言称“大树”为“树母”、“小树”为“树男”，反映出古代纳西族曾经历过 A．群婚制阶段 B．族外婚制阶段 C．母系氏族社会阶段 D．家族制阶段 14．希腊字母属于 A．辅音文字 B．全音素文字 C.表意文字 D．象形文字 15．古代关于马的词很多，如“驹”两岁马、“駣”三岁马、“馬八”八岁马，这些词被称为 A．同源词B．类义词 C．同义词 D．同形词 16．语言符号的结构必须是按照时间先后顺序依次出现，这是语言符号的 A．系统特征 B．约定特征 C．层级特征 D．线性特征 17．对“语言”和“言语”这两个概念进行区分的是 A．索绪尔 B．鲍阿斯 C．沃尔夫 D．施莱歇尔 18．“他们的品质是那样的纯洁和高尚，他们的意志是那样的坚韧和刚强，他们的气质是那村的纯朴和谦逊，他们的胸怀是那样的美丽和宽广”是 A.对偶句B．排比句 C．反复句 D．回环句 19.下面各词借自于汉代西域的是 A．葡萄 B．罗汉 C．蛮夷 D．胡同 20．某一言语社团同时使用两种或两种以上语言的社会现象叫
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2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the
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2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park. B) He is a queen been specialist. C) He removed the beyond from the boot. D) He drove the bees away from his car.
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2017年英语专业四级真题及答案 III. 语言知识： 11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot. A. Regarding B. Whatever. C. In so far as D. No matter 12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it.. A. wherein B. on which C. but when D. then 13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience. A. woman drivers B. women driver C. women drivers D. woman driver 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness 15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______. A. alleviate hostility B. express unfavorable feelings C. indicate uncertainty D. make a suggestion 16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____. A obligation B disappointment C future in the past D. tentativeness 17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history. A. could have later made B. should have made later C. might make later D. would later make 18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes. A. having been created B. being created C. to have been created D. to be created 19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone. A. would have been …had been B. should be … had been C. could be … were D. might have been… were 20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yours A. the B. an C. that D. whichever 21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their
2017年12英语四级真题及答案
Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A)By taking pictures for passers-by. C)By selling lemonade and pictures. B)By working part time at a hospital. D)By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A)They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B)They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C)They are only about half an inch thick. D)They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.
全国2017年04月03708近代史真题及答案【带解析】
2017年4月《中国近现代史纲要》 一、单项选择题 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出。 1.1840年鸦片战争前，中国社会的性质是（）。 A．奴隶社会 B．封建社会 C．半殖民地半封建社会 D．资本主义社会 【答案】B 【解析】以1840年鸦片战争为标志，中国由封建社会逐步演变为半殖民地半封建社会。鸦片战争是中国近代史的开端。所以1840年鸦片战争之前，中国的社会性质是封建社会。 2.鸦片战争后，提出“师夷长技以制夷”思想的是（）。 A．龚自珍 B．林则徐 C．魏源 D．王韬 【答案】C 【解析】1843年，魏源在《四洲志》的基础上编纂了《海国图志》，综述世界各国历史、地理及中国应采取的对外政策，提出“师夷长技以制夷”思想，主张学习外国先进的军事和科学技术，以期国家富强来抵御侵略。 3.洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂的是（）。 A．同文馆 B．广方言馆 C．译书局 D．译书馆 【答案】A 【解析】1862年奕?创办京师同文馆，是洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂；1863年李鸿章在上海创办广方言馆。 4.1911年，在保路运动中规模最大、斗争最激烈的省份是（）。 A．湖北 B．湖南 C．广东 D．四川
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2017年英语专业四级真题及答案解析
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2017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(第2套)
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