五种基本句型和句子成分

五种基本句型和句子成分
五种基本句型和句子成分

英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:

Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)

We often speak English in class.(代词)

One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)

To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)

Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)

The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)

When we are going to have an English test has not been d ecided.(主语从句)

It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。We study for the people.

I can speak a little English.

We are reading books.

He has gone to Beijing.

3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份、特征、属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse. (名词)

Is it yours?(代词)

The weather has turned cold.(形容词)

The speech is exciting.(分词)

Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)

His job is to teach English.(不定式)

His hobby is playing football.(动名词)

The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)

Time is up. The class is over.(副词)

The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)

4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。

We like English. (名词)

How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)

It began to rain.(不定式短语)

I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)

I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)

5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的。

His father named him David.(名词)

They painted their boat white.(形容词)

Let the fresh air in.(副词)

We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)

We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)

6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。

Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)

China is a developing country; America is a developed countr y.(分词)

There are thirty women teachers in our school.(名词)

His progress(进步)in English made us surprised.(代词)

Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)

He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语)

7、状语: 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。

He lives in London.

Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)

He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)

He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.(不定式短语)

He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)

Once(一旦)you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)

状语种类如下:

How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of th e rain.(原因状语)

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)

I am taller than he is.(比较状语)

指出下列句子斜体部分是什么句子成分:

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. His job is to train swimmers.

5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6. His wish is to become a scientist.

7. He wants to finish the work in time.

8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).

9. He found it important to master English.

10. Do you have anything else to say?

11. Would you please tell me your address?

12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

13.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed(注意到) a man entereing the room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

判断类型和句子成分:

She came.

She likes English.

She is happy.

The teacher asked me to read the passage.

She bought a book for me.

She gave John a book.

My head aches.

She makes her mother angry.

The sun was shining.

He enjoys reading.

I want to have a cup of tea.

She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。

I showed him my pictures.

I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。

He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。

What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想?

The children are playing happily.

The Greens enjoy living in China.

He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。

The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

基本句型一:S十V主谓结构

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, 如:学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________

基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有:be(是);get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)

A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等

等。1) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。2) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.

B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:1) Spring comes. It is ______________________________. 春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。2) Don't have the food. _______________________________.不要吃那种食物,它已经变质了。

基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构

1)我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.

2)They have ________ ________ _________ of the children.这些

孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有:buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏), sing,等。

1)Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ___________ _ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

2) The old man ___ ________ ____ __________ _________ in th

e Long March. (正在给孩子们讲故事) 这种句型还可转换为:动词+直接宾语+for/ to sb.

3) Please show me your picture. ==Please _______ _______ ___ ____ _____ ____. 请把你的画给我看一下。

4) I _______ _______ the book. = I _______the book

_____ _____. 我把书递给他。

基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call(叫), choose(选), find(发现), make, name(命名)

1)Keep ________________________________, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。

2)They painted ______ ______ ________. 他们把窗户漆成白色。

3) We must ______ ______ ________ ______. 我们必须保持我们的学校整洁。

4) He asked me _______ ________ ________ soon. 他

要我早点回来。

5)我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。______________________________________________.

注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面接动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。如:6)The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动)

7)We saw _____ ____ _____. (他出去)。

考点突破训练

1. I am sorry to have kept you______ A to w ait B wait C waited D waiting

2. I felt somebody ______ me. A to uch B touched C to touch D touches

3. He taught me _____ speak English. A how should B how C how can I D how to

4. I shall make your dream ______. A coming truly

B come true

C to come true

D comes true

5. He told _____ home. A us not to go B we not go C us not go D us to not go

6. I think _____ a good habit to get up early.

A this

B it is

C that

D its

7. Roses in bloom smell ______. A sweeten B sweetly C sweet D sweetness

8. The weather ____.

A. wet and cold

B. is wet and cold

C. not wet and cold

D. were wet and cold

9. The apple tasted ____. A. sweets B. sweetly

C. nicely

D. sweet

10. He got up ____ yesterday morning.

A. lately

B. late

C. latest

D. latter

11. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would sto p to take a rest.

A. We, us

B. Us, we

C. We, our

D. We, we

12. I think _____necessary to learn English well.

A. its

B. it is

C. that

D. that is

13. The dog ____ mad.

A. looks

B. is looked

C. is being loo ked

D. was looked

十大词性 句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)..

十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习 一、新课导入 个体名词 集体名词 普通名词 物质名词 1.名词 抽象名词 专有名词 功能:表示人或事物的名称 人称代词: 主格 宾格 (注意it 的用法) 物主代词: 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 指示代词:this, that, these, those 单数:myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself 反身代词: 复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2.代词 疑问代词:who, whom, whose, what, which. 简单不定代词:One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ every another, other, the other, others, the others 复合不定代词: somebody, anybody, nobody 不定代词 someone, anyone, no one something, anything, nothing everybody, everyone, everything 功能:用来代替名词、形容词或数词等 3.数词: 基数词 序数词 功能:表数量或顺序 4.冠词: 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能:用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 表地点:at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath …. 表时间: in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind, 5.介词: 表运动: across/ through/ over/ pass … 表方位:…. 其他 功能:用在名词、代词等前面,说明句子中词与词之间的关系 可数名词 不可数名词

英语中的五种基本句型结构

英语中的五种基本句型结构 一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如: 1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。 2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。 3)Spring is coming. 4) We have lived in the city for ten years. 二、句型2:Subject (主语) +Link. V(系动词) +Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类: (1)表示状态。这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如: 1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。 2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。 (2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如: 1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。 2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。 三、句型3:Subject(主语) +Verb (谓语) +Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例: 1) He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。 2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。 3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。 4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。 注意:英语中的许多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。 四、句型4:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语) 这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如: 1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。 2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为: 1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. 2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March. 五、句型5:Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语) 这种句型中的“宾语+补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如: 1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词) 2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。 3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

英语简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.(名词) They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词) You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达) country.(分词)

英语中的五种基本句型.

五种基本句型 句子由主语和谓语两大部分组成。主语结构比较单一,谓语结构则不然,不同类别的谓语动词导致不同的谓语结构,从而形成了不同的句型(Sentence Pattern)。换句话说,不同的句型是由不同类别的谓语动词所决定的,因此,句型又被称为动词句型(Verb Pattern)。语法家们对句型的分类不尽相同,一般认为,现代英语的基本句型主要有五种: 1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型: 在这种句型中,谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb),后面跟主语补语(Subject Complement),如: These oranges have kept fresh. 这些桔子一直很新鲜。 Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。 有的语法家把be后面的副词(短语)或介词短语视为状语,从而形成了“主----动-----状”(SVA)这一在五种基本句型之外的句型(见上面最后一个例句)。 2.“主----动”(SV)句型: 在这种句型中,谓语动词为不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),谓语部分通常只包括限定动词,即使有状语,也属任意性状语,即:去掉后并不影响句子结构和意义的完整,如:This bread won’t keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。 Tom has left. 前面说过,有些句子中的状语是不可缺少的,这种状语被称为必具性状语,从而构成“主 ----动----状”(SVA)句型,但这仅限于少数几个动词的某些用法,因而不是一种主要句型,如: They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。 3.“主----动-----宾”(SVO)句型: 在这种句型中,谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词,这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb),如: He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。 They have left the hotel. 他们已经离开了那家旅馆。 在这种句型中,状语通常也不是必不可少的,但有少数几个及物动词的某些用法要求必具性状语,从而形成了“主----动-----宾-----状”(SVOA)这一在五种基本句型之外的另一种句型,如: The train leaves London at nine. 这列火车九点钟驶离伦敦。

英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型结构 发表时间:2010-11-30 19:51:36作者:钟超韫来源: 英语中的五种基本句型结构 一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如: 1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。 2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。 3)Spring is coming. 4) We have lived in the city for ten years. 二、句型2:Subject (主语) +Link. V(系动词) +Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类: (1)表示状态。这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如: 1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。 2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。 (2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如: 1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。 2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。 三、句型3:Subject(主语) +Verb (谓语) +Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例: 1) He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。 2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。 3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。

英语中的五种基本句型结构

英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial) 主语:由名词、代词 (人称代词用主格 )他她它、动名词等充当 ,说明动作是“谁”发出的。如:The painter painted a very nice picture.画家画了一幅漂亮的画。画家就是主语 谓语:谓语就是一个句子当中作为连接动作发出者和动作承受者的那个动作。比如 Bill likes playing football.其中like就是句中的谓语。 宾语就是一个句子当中作为动作的承受者的词,比如 Bill likes playing football.其中playing football就是句中的宾语。 表语:用来说明主语的身份,特征或状态等.表语所采用的词类主要是名词,形容词和副词等 .Work is STRUGGLE. 工作就是斗争(名词作表语),struggle 就是表 语 宾语:放在谓语动词后面的名词.宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.I love you.I 是主语,动作的发出者.love是谓语动词.you是动作的对象,承受者,所以you是宾语. 定语:定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的.she is a honest people. 诚实的就是定语,说明主人公的品质和特征。她是主语是是谓语人是宾语。 状语:表示状态的,如时间、地点状语.去掉状语部分,语句依然通顺.He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好“very well”是修饰“speak”的程度状语 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一:Subject +Verb (主+谓) 基本句型二:Subject +Verb +Object (主+谓+宾) 基本句型三:S+LinkV+Predicative (主+系动词+表) 基本句型四:S+Verb +Indirect object +direct object (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五:S+Verb +Object +object complement (主+谓+宾+宾补)

英语句子就是以下五种基本句型

在进行汉译英过程中,有时会觉得无从下手,因为乍看英语句子错综复杂,千变万化,短句短到只一个字,长句长达几行,担心翻译出来的英语句子要么结构不对,不地道,要么意义不准确。其实,就英语的句子结构而言,是有规律可循的,掌握这一规律,就掌握了翻译重要的第一步。简单说来,英语句子就是以下五种基本句型的扩大与缩小。 (1)S+V(主语+谓语) This good weather won't last.这种好天气不会持久的。 (2)S+V+P(主语+谓语+表语) Sometimes she is not clever enough.她有时很蠢。 (3)S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语) Writing makes an exact man.写作使人精确。 (4)S+V+O+O(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) She promised us a gift 她答应送我们一件礼物。 (5)S+V+O+OC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补) That news made her happy.那条消息使她很高兴。 这五个基本句型,要时刻做到心中有数。动笔之前,仔细阅读原句,确切理解原句内容,抓住全句中心,搞清楚各个部分之间的关系。然后把句子缩小了再缩小,缩小到只剩下以上五个基本句型中的主要成分。先心译,再笔译。在心译过程中,从基本句型开始,一步步扩大句子,添加修饰成分,直至完整,再笔译。现举数例: 例1:“就在文戈获释之前,他给妻子写了一封信,问她是否愿意让他回去。” 第一步把句子缩小到只剩主要成分,但句子仍然通顺。 “文戈写了一封信”。vingo wrote a letter. 第二步增加修饰成分,扩大句子。 “文戈给妻子写了一封信”。Vingo,wrote a letter to his wife. 第三步再扩大句子。 “就在文戈获释之前,他给妻子写了封信”。Just before he was releasedfrom jail,Vingo wrote a letter to his wife.

句子成分及基本句型

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初中句子成分和基本句型完整版

初中句子成分和基本句 型 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】

句子成分和基本句型 句子包含哪些成分? 现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有八种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、{补语(complement)、同位语(apposite)} 1.主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首. Thegirlispretty.Readingisuseful. Toseeistobelieve.Theyaregoodfriends. 2.谓语说明主语做什么,以什么状态或特征存在,由简单动词或者动词短语构成. Theyareteachers.Shelookswell. Hestudieshard.Helaughedathisclassmates. 3.表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面Iamateacher.Shefeelshappy. Everybodyishere.Theyareathomenow. Hewentmad.Seeingisbelieving. 4.宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后.Sheplaysthepiano.Heoftenhelpsme. IlikewatchingTV.Shelikestogotoshopthisafternoon. Ithinkthatheisgoodboy. 5.宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思.它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作用. 它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当. Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.Leavethedooropen. WefoundJohnoutwhenwearrived.Makeyourselfathome. Iheardmynamecalled. 6.状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当. Hediditcarefully.Hestudiedveryhard. IwasbornonJune9th1982inGuangxi.Heiswritingwithapen. Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.

五种基本句型及句子成分分析

五种基本句型及句子成分的分析五种基本句型的分析能力的培养是分析一切复杂句子的基础,是分析千千万万个句子的基础,因为众多的 句子都是由五种基本句型变换过来的。 所谓五种基本句型分析能力就是:看到一个简单句就能立刻分析出这个句子属于五种句型中的哪种;能够立刻分析出句子的主干是什么,能够快速分割,快速整合。 怎样才能具备这种能力呢? 先理解理论(怎么去做的方法)后多实践做练习,实践是最重要的,能力在大量的实践练习中应该可以掌握。 在培养这个能力过程中还需要记忆任务。如:哪些动词后面要跟动词不定式,哪些动词后面要跟doing ,哪些动词后面需要跟双宾语等等这些都需要记忆,这项记忆任务完全可以通过练习实践来掌握,不做练习,只去死记那些东西不容易掌握。 如果对汉语句子成分分析有一定的了解和掌握,有助于英语句子成分的学习,因为本来汉语句子成分分析那 一套就是从英语那里搬过来的。 五种基本句型 1,主(语)+系(动词)+表(语) 首先我们来认识主语,主语是五种基本句型都具备的。从位置上来看,主语一般在句子开头,也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”:从意义上理解,主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”,后面的一切都是针对主语来说的,那么常坐这把“交椅”的会是什么词呢,一般是名词或代词。 系动词是联系动词的简称,顾名思义,它是起到联系作用的动词,是连接主语和表语的。系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词: 一、be动词类:am、is 、are 、was 、were 二、表示变化类:become、get 、turn 、grow 、go 三、感官动词类: 眼(look )耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel) 四、表示延续性的动词:remain 、stay 、keep 表语有两个特征:一从位置上来讲,它总是在系动词后面(系动词和表语关系甚为紧密,没有系动词,就没有表语:没有表语,就没有系动词,正所谓“皮之不存,毛将焉附”)。二从意义上讲,表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。 上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍,其中,系动词是主系表结构的核心,它是这个结构的标志,看到了系动词,也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表,因此,记住系动词非常重要。 2,主(语)+谓(语) 谓语,谓语从意义上说有表示动作和状态两种情况;表示状态的就用主语+连系动词+表语句型来表示。一般情况下,谓语位于主语之后,从意义上理解,往往具有动作意味(谓语实际有表示动作和状态两种情况;表示状态的就用主语+连系动词+表语句型来表)是主语发出的动作。能做谓语的在十大词类中只有一种词类:动词,也就是说只用动词具有作谓语的“专利”,所以我们往往把“谓语”和“动词”连在一起叫做“谓语动词”。虽然主语是“头把交椅”,但是谓语是一个句子中最重要的成分,一个句子可以缺少主语,但是谓语是不能少的。 为了更好地理解这个句型以及下面的三个句型,在这里我需要补充说明两点:

英语中五种基本句型-练习题及答案-人教版

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