Unit 11 The Story of an Eyewitness习题答案综合教程四

Unit 11 The Story of an Eyewitness

Key to the Exercises

Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.

B

Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. II.

T (Refer to Paragraph 1: The earthquake brought about a loss of thousands of dollars 1. worth of housing while the conflagration burned up hundreds of millions of dollars worth of property.)

within no estimating is said that There is 2. T (Refer to Paragraph 1, in which it

to impossible it wrought, meaning that is hundreds of millions the actual damage estimate the actual damage within hundreds of millions of dollars.)

F (Refer to Paragraph 6, where it is indicated that the purpose of man's dynamiting 3. maliciously than the furious fire rather the city was to prevent the advancement of destroy the city.)

F (Refer to Paragraph 6, where it is shown that organized firefighters made efforts to 4. combat the flames.)

F (Refer to Paragraphs 11?2, which tell us that the men broke their heart over their 5. their trunks, which contained to because they were compelled abandon their trunks family treasures and which they had been dragging along with great difficulty for a dozen hours.)

earthquake, after the show 13?4, which that twenty hours 6. T (Refer to Paragraphs miles and miles of magnificent buildings and skyscrapers still stood intact.)

nswer the following questions. AIII.

Refer to Paragraph 4. They refer to the shrewd man-made conveniences of life and 1. and telephone the steel rails, the in safeguards San Francisco such as the streets, telegraph systems.

Inside it, was dead calm. 5. No. Away from the burning city, it to Paragraph 2. Refer however, the flames were becoming more and more rampant and the heated air became lighter and lighter and rose continuously. Thus a discrepancy of air pressure was formed. Consequently, under the higher pressure from outside, air was pouring in upon the city where the atmospheric pressure was lower.

the to halt man or It 6. was very hard even impossible for Paragraph Refer 3. to

be turned the to His the advancement of flames. efforts combat conflagration out to useless.

4. Refer to Paragraph 7. As the author sees it, it will be impossible to know the exact number of the victims of the earthquake because all their traces have been erased by the flames.

5. Refer to Paragraph 11, which tells us that one of the tasks of the soldiers was to keep the trunk-pullers moving so as to reduce the loss of lives in the disaster.

6. Refer to Paragraph 16. Man had tried his best to fight against the flames, and yet the conflagration was getting all the more rampant. Moreover, water and dynamite, with which the firemen fought against the flames, were exhausted. So they had no choice but to admit defeat.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1.

Except for some dwelling houses on its outskirts, San Francisco has almost

completely disappeared from the world and only remains in people's memories.

2. Nothing could stop the forceful advancement of the flames.

3. The courageous and brave deeds in the firefighting would fill up a library if related in writing and exhaust the Carnegie medal fund if rewarded.

4. Sometimes all members of a family fastened themselves with straps to a carriage or delivery wagon that was heavily loaded with their possessions.

5. Two United States soldiers sat astride on their horses and calmly watched the conflagration, their shapes contrasting sharply with the wall of flame behind them.

Structural analysis of the text

The topic sentence is There is no estimating within hundreds of millions the actual damage wrought, in Paragraph 1. It is developed in the following paragraphs by a chronological description of the destruction caused by the earthquake and the subsequent conflagrations as witnessed by the author. Furthermore, the author describes the physical destruction of the city first and then the quiet and calm reactions of the city dwellers.

Rhetorical features of the text

In Paragraphs 8 and 14 there are similar structures:

I saw not one woman who wept, not one man who was excited, not one person who was in the slightest degree panic-stricken. / There were no firemen, no fire-engines, no men fighting with dynamite.

These parallel sentences help to illustrate the destructive power of the earthquake and conflagrations.

Vocabulary exercises

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

moved slowly back and forth

1.

2. ingenious devices and protective measures

3. resisting

4. fill with a supply

5. polite or considerate in manner

6. threat

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase from the box in its appropriate form.

1.

was weighted down

2. out of gear

3. wipe out

4. burdened with

5. crumbled

played out 6.

to sweep down 7.

a flicker of 8.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. III.

adjust

withdrawal 2. 1.

hysterically 4. 3. enumerate

courteous 5. 6. devastation

disruption 7. 8. vacancy

without in each sentence that can replace the underlined part word IV. Choose the changing its original meaning.

4. D 3. A 1. C 2. D

8. B 6. A 7. C 5. B

Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense V. it is used.

Synonym: invention (creation, innovation) 1.

Synonym: enormous (immense, mammoth)

2.

Antonym: economically (thriftily, frugally, sparingly) 3.

Antonym: smooth (level, even) 4.

Synonym: plod (drudge, labor)

5.

Antonym: unsociable (discourteous, ill-mannered) 6.

Synonym: plot (patch)

7.

Synonym: edge (boundary, margin) 8.

VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.

1. way

2. controlled

3. for example

4. finished

5. be able to deal with it

6. making

Grammar exercises

I. Identify the subject and the predicate verb in the following sentences.

subject: the earthquake

predicate verb: came

1.

2. subject: the suck predicate verb: was

3. subject: her people predicate verb: were

predicate verb: were

subject: trunks 4.

5. subject: picket lines of soldiers

predicate verb: were flung

predicate verb: was

6. subject: no fire

7. subject: two United States cavalrymen

predicate verb: were

8. subject: the tottering walls of the Examiner Building, the burned-out Call Building, the smouldering ruins of Grand Hotel, and the gutted, devastated, dynamited Palace Hotel

predicate verb: stood

Rewrite the following sentences. Begin with the words given. II.

Under no circumstances will we tolerate that. 1.

So absurd was his manner that everybody stared.

2.

Only with full agreement of everyone can we hope to succeed. 3.

Here is the book you want. 4.

Down sprang the cat.

5.

Sitting at the kitchen table was the misbehaving child. 6.

Hidden in the cellar were several barrels of wine. 7.

Never have I seen such a mess. 8.

Choose the appropriate clause or sentence to complete the passage. III.

5. A

4. B 3. B

1. B

2. A

Put the words in brackets in the right order. IV.

All our many 1.

The other ten 2.

3. the few next

Few such

4.

5. all these five

6. These next two

7. all these last few

8. His many

V. Make corrections or improvements to the following sentences.

1.

Tom spends much of (→a lot of) his time listening to music, and he spends too many (→much) time playing computer games.

2. There were so much (→many) people at the last party that I didn't get a chance to talk to many (→many of) my friends.

3. I don't drink a lot of (→much) German wine, and I think much (→a lot of) English wine is too sweet.

4. He's putting on much (→a lot of) weight. He's always eating many of (→a lot of) biscuits and crisps.

5. She was born in Poland, and wrote much (→many) of her early novels there.

6. A lot of (→Many) people have observed the concentration of butterflies in this area, and a lot of (→many / a large number of) suggestions have been put forward to explain the phenomenon.

7. The last decade has witnessed improved living standards in many of (→many) Asian countries. A lot (→Much / A great deal) has been done to change.

8. In recent years the relationship between diet and heart disease has received a lot of (→much / a great deal of) attention in the scientific community.

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.

(Reference version)

1. There is no telling what he'll do.

2. a) Partial inversion

Not for one minute do I think I have any hope of getting promoted.

Visit our stores. Nowhere else will you find such magnificent bargains.

b) Full inversion

So dangerous were the avalanches that skiing had to be stopped.

From the valley came a tinkling sound, a soothing moo, the lull of a alien voices.

Translation exercises

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

人类所有聪明的发明创造和保护措施，在地壳震动30秒钟后便完全失效了。1.

2. 这死一般的沉寂从白天持续到黑夜，可是在大火周围，由于上升的热空气形成强大吸力,

风力经常接近狂风。．

3. 要记录被烧毁的建筑那将是整个旧金山的所有在册房屋，而要记录没有被烧毁的建筑可能只需要一行字加几个地址。如果记下所有英勇的事迹，肯定会塞满整个图书馆，耗尽全部卡内基奖章基金。死亡人数的记录则将永远无法获得。

4. 这些精疲力竭的人，在刺刀的威胁下，不得不又站起身来，在陡峭的路面上继续挣扎，可是每走五到十英尺又累得停下脚步。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.

1.

My whole morning's work has been put out of gear by that mishap.

2. By hiding himself among the bushes, he at last flung off his pursuers.

3. We must make every effort to wipe out the injustice in the system.

4. The soldiers held on to that isolated position until reinforcements arrived.

5. In front of all the facts, he was compelled to admit that he had stolen that

confidential document.

6. His inability to speak English puts him at a disadvantage when he attends

international conferences.

7. Here there was no one in sight for miles, which made me feel very lonely.

8. At the beginning of May 1945, it was clear even to the most zealous of Hitler's

followers that his Thousand-Year Reich was doomed.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

19世纪，南达科他州戴德伍德镇发现黄金，吸引了许多心地善良或心怀叵测、但都一心想发财的人，进而使它被称作是“胆小鬼决不敢动身前往，不中用的则死于途中”的地方。但是在戴德伍德镇，最出名的歹徒一直是一样东西：火灾。小镇建筑在峻峭的山坡上，下面深谷蜿蜒。假如发生火灾，这山谷就成了个烟囱，把火焰一直吸上房屋。

在我们这个时代，大火再一次威胁过这个小镇。有一些废纸在山谷脚下烧着了，然后大火就熊熊而起，不到一小时，火焰就穿过树顶。大风在深林中呼啸而过，几乎把火焰引到了小镇的边缘。受到惊吓的居民们准备离开，他们尽量多带一些财物，街头到处都是衣服堆得高高的卡车。风向在变化，卡车也不断被迫改变撤退的路线。

消防队员奋不顾身地与火搏斗了24小时，最后飞机也用上了。飞机开始用水“轰炸”大火，这样才阻止了大火的蔓延。大火开始减势，离开的人们回家了。他们看到山谷是黑黑的一片，但是他们的房屋依然存在。戴德伍德镇及时地从它最险恶的敌人手中得救了。

Exercises for integrated skills

I.

Dictation.

The first time I was personally introduced to lightning, / I was flying between Puerto Rico and the American continent. / Had I not been in an airplane, / I might not be alive now to describe the experience.

We had just ridden through three minutes of violent storm. / As I was beginning to

wonder / how much longer the wings of the airplane could stand the terrible tossing, / suddenly it happened. / The inside of the plane lit up / like an electric light. / The light lasted less than a thousandth of a second, / yet huge green sparks jumped all over the cabin. / The radioman was knocked to the floor, / and the hairs on the back of his head stood out stiffly.

The lightning bolt had evidently struck the trailing wire of our radio / and followed it

to the tail of the airplane, / then on to the radio itself, / which was severely damaged.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.

(1) exactly (2) from

(3) Even (4) before / until

(6) it (5) last

of

(8) nature (7)