大学思辨英语精读备课Unit1

Unit 1 Trust and Character

Text A Do You Like It Here (The story was published in 1939)

Words and phrases expected of stude nts to un dersta nd

phooey: int. (in formal): used to express disgust or con tempt

eyeshade: a visor worn on heard for protecti on aga inst glare

en suite: adj. adv .in or as a part of a set

make rounds of: to go from place to place (for in specti on)

bawl out (at sb)

swi ng around: turn around (as if on a hinge or pivot)

torture tactics:

proceed: go on

halt: stop or pause

throw in: to in sert or in troduce into the course of somethi ng

gratuitously : free of charge; (unnecessarily, without apparent reason) certified public acco untant (CPA)

peripatetic: walking or travelling about

on acco unt of: because of, for the sake of

imposi ng: very impressive

in some small measure

abiding: lasting for a long time, enduring

in stitute (a search)

(turn) yellow: (sla ng) cowardly

givesb one' s word of honor: solemn promise, a verbal commitment agreeing to do or not to do sth. in the future

Preparatory Work

1. John O' Hara (1905-1970),a keen observer of social status and class

differe nces, and wrote freque ntly about the socially ambitious. His

father died at that time, leaving him unable to afford Yale, the college of his

choice. By all acco un ts, this disappo in tme nt affected O'Hara deeply for the rest of his life and served to hone the kee n sense of social awareness that

characterizes his work. He worked as a reporter for various newspapers.

Hegarnered muchcritical acclaim for his short stories, more tha n 200 of which, begi nning in 1928, appeared in The New Yorker.

In 1934, O'Hara published his first novel, Appo in tme nt in Samarra , which was acclaimed on publication. This is the O'Hara novel that is most

consistently praised by critics. Ernest Hemingwaywrote: "If you

want to read a book by a man who knows exactly what he is writ ing about and has writte n it marvelously well, read Appo in tme nt in Samarra."

Harold Bloom namedit to the Western canon. On the other hand, writing in the Atlan tic Mon thly of March 2000, critic Benjamin Schwarz and writer Christi na Schwarz claimed: "So widespread is the literary

world's scor n for Joh n O'Hara that the in clusi on …of Appo in tme nt in Samarra on the Modern Library's list of the 100 best

[En glish-la nguage] no vels of the twen tieth cen tury was used to

ridicule the en tire project."

The epitaph on his tombstone, which he wrote himself, reads: "Better

than anyone else, he told the truth about his time. He was a professi on al. He wrote hon estly and well." Of this, Gill comme nted:

"From the far side of the grave, he remains self-defensive and

overbearing. Better than anyone else Not merely better than any other writer of fiction but better than any dramatist, any poet, any

biographer, any historian It is an astonishing claim." (extracted from Wikipedia) John O'Hara

conv ersatio nal style and dispassi on ate voice.

bullying is often difficult to ignore. Bullies torment their victims in many ways. Torme nting them is not eno ugh, they have to humiliate them and ridicule their victims as well. Bullies use words to destroy their victims, and these words can hurt worse tha n a physical blow. People ofte n say,

“Sticks and stones may hurt my bones, but words will never hurt ” .In today ' s society, this phrase is simply not true. Words do hurt, and they do destroy lives. Psychological bullying destroys the character of their victim. The bully makesthe victim the center of his abuse. In other words, the bully takes his or her an ger and frustrati on out on the victim.

4. The Phi Beta Kappa key is one of this nation's most distinctive symbols and, in fact, traces its origins to the era of the American Revolution.

Con ceived in 1776 by a group of tale nted un dergraduates at the College

of William and Mary as an emblemof their secret "philosophical society," the key proclaims Phi Beta Kappa's centuries-old conviction that "The love

of wisdom (is) the guide of Life." As the Society they created encompassed more of the nation's finest colleges and universities, its key became a uni versally recog ni zed mark of academic achieveme nt in the liberal arts and scie nces.

the third degree: a situati on in which some one tries to find out in formati on by ask ing you a lot of questi ons

eg. If rm eve n half an hour late she gives me the third degree.

I got the third degree from my dad whe n I got in last ni ght.

give(some one) the lowdow n on (someth ing) : To provide some one with specific or comprehe nsive details about some one, someth ing, or some situati on.

eg. Give me the lowdown on what the boss is planning to do about the company's falling profits.

rm wait ing for my brother to give me the lowdow n on Geoffrey before

I go on a date with him.

There's been a shakeup in the company's upper management,but we won't

know how we're affected un til the boss gives us the lowdow n.

West Point: A USmilitary installation in southeast NewYork on the western bank of the Hudson River north of New York City. It has been a military post si nee 1778 and the seat of the US Military Academy si nee 1802.

Sec ond Form an En glish term for an equivale nt of the 7 th or 8 th grade in America n schools. (also see sixth form: the term refers to the final two

years of sec on dary educati on in the educati on system of En gla nd and other com mon wealth coun tries)

day school :as opposed to a boarding school, it is an institution where children (or high-school age adolescents) are given educational instruction during the day, after which children return to their homes.

boarding school :a school where some or all people study and live during the school year with their fellow stude nts and possibly teachers an d/or adm ini strators. The word 'board in g' is used in the sense of "bed and board," ., lodg ing and meals. Many in depe ndent (private) schools in the Common wealth of Natio ns are board ing schools. Board ing school pupils "boarders") no rmally retur n home duri ng the school holidays and, ofte n, weekends, but in somecultures mayspend the majority of their childhood and adolesce nt life away from their families. In the Un ited States, boardi ng schools comprise various grades, most com monly grades seve n or nine through grade twelve - the high school years.

I Un dersta nding the text

1. Questi ons

⑴ a boarding school/prep (dormitory, a stepping stone to higher educatio n)

(2) Men ti oned four times. First at the begi nning. The dorm door had to be kept ope n duri ng study period so that there was no knock (appare nt

reason and a convenient excuse. But in another sense, a suggestion of no privacy, convenient for Van Ness to look in (introduce the idea of “ pan optic on ” ). Then there ' s the men ti on of Van Ness' s half -ope n door. His privilege, authority (needs to knock before being permitted to go in). After Roberts went in, he was ordered to close the door, an indication of Van Ness' s authority. Also a closed space might have some psychological impact on Roberts —getting him trapped. Finally at the end of the story. Roberts not sure whether to leave it open or to close it

but decided to leave it ope n. The door symbolizes Van Ness's power or authority. The act of Roberts ' s leaving it open might be an indication of his attempt to challenge the authority, even though feebly.

(3) Not really. He hated Hughes. Wearing eye-shade during study time. Van Ness making rounds of the rooms, meti ng out puni shme nts.

(4) manipulative, sadistic, self-important, pompous, sarcastic

2. True or false

⑴F(2)T(3)T(4)F(5)T

3. Multiple choices

(1) B (2) D(3) B(4) D

II Critiq uing the text

(1)Roberts ' s parents divorced when he was ten, moved a lot,had to go to

many schools, un pleasa nt experie nces, I on ely and without a sense of

bel onging

Van Ness saw the boy as susceptible to moral corruptio n (dish on est,

sn eaky, un ruly)

(2)Self-importa nt/smug, overbeari ng/sadistic,,

show-rather-tha n-telltech nique

(3)No t easy for Roberts to detect Van Ness ' s intentions ,

Van Ness using torture tactics, effective to some exte nt, making Roberts upset, baffled, and frustrated

(4)By this time he had guessed what it was all about. Hewas relieved

because he had a clear conscienee. He didn ' t have to lie when

confronted with the question about the watch. Previously he probably did have to lie whe n say ing he liked it here.

(5)Van Ness was convinced that Roberts was the thief and expected that he

would certainly deny his stealing the watch. He would think

Roberts would be devastated by his interrogation and that wasexactly what he wan ted. He had everythi ng un der con trol.

(6)The “bastard ” could refer to Van Ness or Hughes. Roberts was angry

at first, then he knew it was no use fighting back as he had learned

it from his previous experie nces. Things always en ded like this.

(7) The title: colloquial, dramatic. Tur ns out to be a malicious questi on.

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11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) ata time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for

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rebel seminary theological wardrobe unit4 bearded Cynicism elegant guffaw lunatic monarch page pebble scant scratch block elaborately fountain half-naked nudge olive paradox privacy scoop squatter stroll titter sweat unit5 abundance adapt angler biocide birch bound built-in

chorus colossal confined considerable throb trout vegetation migrant suppress synthetic contamination counterpart deliberate ecologist evolve fern flame flicker gear harmony immune reserve score sicken span spiral subject mold outbreak potent primitive puzzle rapidity resurgence midst modify organism

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