直接引语
直接引语
引用别人的话有两种方式，一种是讲述别人的原话，并把它放在引号里，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话来转述别人，并且不能用引号，这就是间接引语。直接引语和间接引语之间可以互相转换。
扩展
1、直接引语如果表示客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
2、直接引语若有明确的表示时间的词语，变间接引语时，时态不变。
3、若直接引语中含有could,must,should等情态动词，变间接引语时，时态不变。
4、直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。
5、用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
直接引语变间接引语的五点变化
1.时态变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句的时态如下表：
2时间状语，地点状语，指示代词和动词的变化
也要作相应的变动。
，today，yesterday，tomorrow等就不需改变；如果在当地转述，here也不必改为there，come也不必改为go。另外，在过去时的引述动词之后，当转述客观真理或是为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。
直接引语转化为间接引语：
一、如何变人称：
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。"Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.
→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"
→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao W ang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。"
→He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。"
→Peter said I had better go there that day。
(6)当直接引语表示为名人名言或谚语时,时态不变.
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven…t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school b y bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don?t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let…s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, "Let?s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
John said, "I?m going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）
由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：
1．直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。He said , "You are younger than I."-?He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven?t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"→He asked me wh ere I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don?t 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don?t leave the door open."→His f ather told him not to leave the door open.[注意]
（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。例如：He said, "Let?s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don?t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。
[注意]（1）如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2）如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接引语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：He said, "I?m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every m orning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
表地点的词here --there动词bring -- take come --go
6.语序变化
疑问句一律使用陈述句语序，不能使用疑问句语序。
1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”
2．She said: “He will be busy.”
3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”
5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”
6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”
7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”
8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”
9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”
10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”
11．He said, “We are still students.’
12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”
13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”
14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”
15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.
16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.
18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”
19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”
20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”
21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.
22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
25．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
直接引语间接引语语法教案
Teaching plan Unit 2 English around the world (Direct speech and indirect speechⅡ) Ⅰ. Teaching aims ⒈Get students to master the usages of Commands and Requests and review direct speech and indirect speech. Command: ⑴Do that now! ⑵Open the door. Request: ⑴Would you please… ? ⑵Please… ⒉Get students to practice Commands and Requests by role-playing. ⒊Get students to summarize the grammatical rules and encourage students to apply the rules into practice. Ⅱ. Key points of this period ⒈Train students’ speaking skills. ⒉Master the grammatical rules. Ⅲ. Difficult points of this period ⒈Get every student involved in the learning activities. ⒉Get every student to be active in class. Ⅳ. Teaching methods ⒈Situational Approach and Communicatinal Approach. ⒉Elicitation-Inquiry. Ⅴ. Teaching aids Blackboard, chalk, pictures, etc. Ⅵ. Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead in ⒈Review Direct speech(直接引语) : 一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内； Indirect speech (间接引语) : 用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号； ⑴陈述句: ①人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ②时态的变化： a. 如果主句的谓语是现在时或是将来时，间接引语时态不变。 b. 如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，间接引语的谓语的时态按下列规律变化：
直接引语和间接引语用法讲解资料
直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语） Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语）从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下： 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。”
直接引语变简介引语
人称变化的原则: 1. “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如 She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. 2. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?” →He asked Kate how her sister was then. 3. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy. 句型变化原则: ①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。 She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. ②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句. He said, "Can you swim, John?“ He asked John if he could swim。 ③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. ④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“ Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。 如： 1."Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the students. She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. 2.“Open the door, please," said she. She asked him to open the door. ⑤直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）”如： He said, "Let's go to the movies." He suggested going to the movies. 或He suggested that they should go to see the movies. 1.“I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat. 2.“I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 3.“I took it home with me.” she said. She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her. 4.The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west. 5.“I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______. 6.“You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I ______ to go ______ before five. 7.“I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______. 8.“Did you see her last week?” he said. He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______. 9.He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there 10.He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He as ked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it. 11.“Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days. 12.“Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______. 13.“Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14.“Don’t tell him the news.” she said. She told me _______ _______ him the news. 15.“Are you inte r ested in this?” he said. He ______ ______ I was int erested in ______.
间接引语详解
人称、时间、地点等方面作相应的变化。 1、引语转换时的句式变化 不同的直接引语句式，如：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，转换成间接引语时要遵循一定的句式转换规则，还要注意根据句意，使用适当的引述动词。（1）陈述句的间接引语 将陈述句转换为间接引语，通常用that引导的宾语从句来表达。连词that 在不引起歧义的情况下可以省略。引述分句的动词常见的有say 和tell等。 He s aid, “I caught[k?:t] a cold yesterday.” 他说：“我昨天感冒了。” →He said (that) he had caught a cold the day before. 他说他前天感冒了。 Helen said to me, “I’m tired of taking such exams[iɡ’z?m].” 海伦说：“我讨厌参加这种考试。” →Helen told me (that) she was tired of taking such exams. 海伦说她讨厌参加这种考试。 He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣，所有小孩都喜欢读。
例题： He says,“I like singing and I want to be a singer.” 他说:“我喜欢唱歌,我想当歌手。” →He says that he likes singing and that he wanted to be a singer.他说他喜欢唱歌,想当歌手。 在此种情况下,引导第一个宾语从句的that有时可以省略,但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略,以免误解。 （2）疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接问句。引述的动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等。间接问句的词序一般都用正常词序，句末不用问号，用句号。 ①一般疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为一般疑问句时，用连词whether或if 引导。 I asked him, “Are you satisfied[’s?t?s'fa?d]with the results[ri'z ?lt]?” 我问他：“你对这结果满意吗？” I asked him whether / if he was satisfied with the results. 我问他对这结果是否满意。 “Did you go to the British ['br?t??]Museum yesterday?” asked Kate. 凯特问：“你昨天有没有去大英博物馆？” Kate asked me whether / if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. 凯特问我昨天有没有去大英博物馆。 The old man said to a passer-by, “Will you tell me the way to get to the Great Wall Hotel?” 那位老人跟一位过路人说：“请问到长城饭店的路怎么走。” The old man asked a passer-by to tell him the way to the Great Wall Hotel. 那位老人请一位过路人告诉他去长城饭店的路。 ②选择疑问句的间接引语
初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题
初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题 一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词： 1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that ______ never ______ meat. 2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______. 6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there. 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______. 16. “I am having supper,” he said.He said that _______ _______ having supper. 17. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 18. “I went home with my sister,” she said.She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet. 20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 【参考答案】 1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, there 7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if [whether], that 16. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往 后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。 17. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过 去完成时had seen。 18. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时 had gone。 19. told, to, keep。如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这 一结构进行转换。 20. not, to, look。如直接引语为否定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth 这一结构进行转换。 二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语 1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．S he said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”
英语语法-如何把直接引语转换为间接引语
如何把直接引语转换为间接引语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that ．．．．引导，很多时候可省略that。例如： She said, "I am very happy to help you." →She said she was very happy to help me. She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.” →She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day. She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.” →She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years. She said, “ I am reading a book now.” →She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment. John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday” →John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether ．．．．．．．或if．．（是否）引导。先把直接引语变为陈述句语序，再放在whether或if后面。例如： He asked me, "Do you like playing football?" → →He asked me whether/if I liked playing football. He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”
初中语法直接引语转换间接引语讲解附练习题及答案
直接引语与间接引语 直接引语：一字不改的引用或复述别人的话，被引用或复述的部分即为直接引语。一般前后用引号，首字母大写。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的部分即为间接引语。通常以宾语从句的形式出现，不用引号。直接引语变为间接引语时，要注意人称、时态、连接词、语序以及时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化。 一、人称变化 直接引语是第一人称变为间接引语时，一般要变为第三人称；第二人称变为与主句的间接宾语相一致的人称（如果没有间接宾语，可根据上下文的体会确定一个人称）；第三人称一般不改变。例如 He told me，＂I’ll give you a book when I meet you again.＂—He told me he would give me a book when he met me again. 二、时态的变化 如果主句是过去式态，变为间接引语时应向前推一个时态。即一般现在时---一般过去式，现在进行时---过去进行时，现在完成时---过去完成时，一般过去时---过去完成时，过去进行时---过去进行时，一般将来时---过去将来时,现在完成进行时---过去完成进行时，过去完成时---过去完成时，过去完成进行时---过去完成进行时。等。例如 She wondered:＂When will the meeting begin.＂—She wondered when the meeting would begin.但在以下几种情况下，间接引语的时态不用变化。 1、当直接引语表示的是客观真理或经常性的特点时。例如 She said,＂The earth goes around the sun＂.--She said that the earth goes around the sun. 2、当直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间作状语时，保持原来的一般过去时。例如 He said,＂I left home in 1942.—He said he left home in 1942. 注：间接引语中的谓语动词有时需要适当的调整。Say后的直接引语表示陈述或命令时可变为ask; say后的直接引语表示请求或询问时可变为ask.例如 The teacher said to me,＂I have seen your book..＂—The teacher told me that she had seen my book. 三、连接词的选择 1、陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时用that引导，也可省略 that。主句谓语动词可用直接引语中的said，也可用told来代替，可以说said that，said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可以直接说told that.主句中的谓语还常有repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think, 等。例如Danny said，＂I come from Canada.＂—Danny said that he came from Canada. 2、疑问句直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序。主句的动词常用ask,wonder,want to know 等。 1)、一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时变为间接引语须用if或whether引导。例如 She asked me,＂Is he a teacher?＂—She asked me if/whether he was a teacher. 2}、选择疑问句或反意疑问直接引语是选择疑问句需用or;反意疑问句需用or not变为间接引语时要用whether而不用if.例如 My brother asked me,＂Is Tom tall or short?＂—My brother asked me whether Tom was tall or short.＂You are reading,aren’t you＂he said to me.—He asked me whether I was reading or not. 3)、特殊疑问句当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时，常变成与疑问句同形的连接词引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序，问号变句号。例如＂What do you want to eat?＂he asked me.—He asked me what I wanted to eat. 3、祈使句直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时，要用不定式表示，使其成为 ask
引语语法：直接引语和间接引语
语法：直接引语和间接引语 观察下面的句子，注意直接引语变为间接引语后，发生了哪些变化。 1) She said to me, “I can’t finish the work today.” She told me (that) she couldn’t finish the work that day. 2) She said to me, “Have you read this book?” She asked me whether / if I had read that book. 3) She s aid to her father, “How will you come here tomorrow?” She asked her father how he would go there the next day. 4) She said, “He left twenty minutes ago.” She said (that) he had left twenty minutes before. 5) She said, “What are you doing now?” She asked (me) what I was doing then. 小结归纳 通过以上例句我们可以发现，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等都需要进行相应的变化。 我们来归纳一下以上例句中所发生的变化： 人称(you →I )、指示代词（this →that）、时间状语（today →that day）、地点状语(here →there )、动词(come →go)等。 关于时态,需要我们特别注意：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态上一般都要相应地“退后一步”，即：一般现在时变为一般过去时，如：句1）；现在完成时变为过去完成时，如：句2）；一般将来时变为过去将来时，如：句3）；一般过去时变为过去完成时，如：句4）；现在进行时变为过去进行时，如：句5）。 直接引语变为间接引语时还会涉及到连词的使用：当直接引语是陈述句时我们可以添加that（也可以不添加），如：句1）和句4）；是一般疑问句时必须添加whether 或if，如：句2）；是特殊疑问句时仍用原来的疑问词引导，如：句3）和句5）。 如果直接引语是疑问句，那么变为间接引语时语序也要变成陈述句语序，如：句2）、句3）和句5）。 特别需要指出的是：如果直接引语的内容是客观真理或事实，或者含有一个具体的时间状语时，变为间接引语时不受主句时态的影响，如： He told me the moon moves around the earth. She said that she went to school in 1995. 即学即用 I. 请把下面的句子变成间接引语： 1. He said, “My books are better than yours.” 2. My father said, “Did you sleep well last night?” 3. He said to his sister, “Why did you buy these old books?” 4. He said, “What are you going to do tomorrow?” 5. She asked Jack, “Will you come here this afternoon?” II. 看看下面的句子有错误吗？如果有的话请改过来。 1. He asked me why he has not received the letter.
直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)
直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)
直接引语和间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。 人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。 例 如： 1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”→He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “Do you know the man over there?” M ary said to Tom. →Mary asked Tom if he knew the man ov er there. 3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her school bag at home.” →Jim told me that Jane had left her sc hoolbag at home.
2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时过去将来时 一般将来进行时过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时过去将来完成时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。”
直接引语间接引语
新课标高一英语语法项目 I.直接引语和间接引语 讲解部分： 引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（Direct Speech），即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语（Indirect Speech），即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。 一、直接引语变间接引语 A．陈述句的间接引语 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。 The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我：我很喜欢北京。 →The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他（她）很喜欢北京。She said,We are very fond of sports. 她说：我们都喜欢体育运动。 →She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他（她）们都喜欢体运动。 I'll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said. 他说：我将把语法课再复习一遍。 →He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。（that 可省略） B．疑问句的间接引语 1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句 一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn't know等。句末不用问号。 My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗？ →My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。 You haven't been to Beijing, have you asked he. 他问：你没去过北，是吗？ →He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 他问我是否去过北京。 2．否定的一般疑问句和选择问句 如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether or 连接。 She said, Don't you know my telephone number 她说：你难道不知道我的电话号码吗？ →She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not. 她问我是知道她的电话号码。 Do you like this one or that one Tom asked. 汤姆问：你是喜欢这个还是那个？ →Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one. 汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。 3．特殊疑问句 间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习培训讲学
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习
Unit1 语法核心突破: 直接引语变间接引语 这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接 一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化 例：He said, “I'm very glad.” → He said he was very glad. 例：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” →He asked John could come that afternoon. 例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” → He asked where Mr. Wang was. Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”. → Tom asks me food I like best Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！” ?Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。 The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!” ? The teacher asked/ told me that novel. Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！” Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。
初中英语语法大全：直接引语和间接引语
初中英语语法大全：直接引语和间接引语 1定义：直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。 2、直接引语改变为间接引语： 直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点： ①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。 ②人称作相应变化； 如：She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.”她说：“我昨天去看过刘老师了。” She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。 ③时态的变化列表如下：
但是，要注意下面的情况：直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时，无论主句用何时态，间接引语仍用一般时。如： The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说：“太阳在东方升起，在西边落下。” The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化
记忆方法： 直接引语祈使句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号要加to；ask order 须记住，直接引语是否定式，not加在to前部。 对于人称变化，要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是：第一人称看主语，第二人称看宾语，宾语若是不存在，活用代词I, me, my 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。 直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。 直接引语为陈述句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that
高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语含练习题
直接引语与间接引语 一．基本概念 1、直接引语：一字不改地引述别人的话He said,“I am a student．”(带引号) 2．间接引语：用说话人自己的话转述别人的话 He said he was a student．二．直接引语变间接引语（一）（人称变换规则同下） 1．如果直接引语所在的句中的谓语动词是现在时或将来时态,改为间接引语时,时态不变. Eg.He says “I didn’t go to school today.” He says that he didn’t go to school that day . 2．如果直接引语讲述的是客观真理现象,改为间接引语时,其一般现在时不变. Eg.The teacher said ,“The earth is round .” The teacher said that the earth is round . 三．直接引语变间接引语（二） 1．如果说话时间与引述时间不同,即引述某人过去说过的话,则动词时态要作相应的变化即动词时态一律向过去推移一步.（主句为过去式时） 2．变换规则（指的是间接引语中的从句部分） （1）人称的变化 ------ 一随主,二随宾,三不变 （2）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 1〉指示代词的变化 this---- that these----those 2〉时间状语的变化 now---- then,ago---- before,today----that day,yesterday----the day before,tomorrow----the next day,the day before yesterday----two days before,the day after tomorrow----two days later,next week/month,etc.---- the next week/month,https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe16879362.html,st week/month,etc.---- the week/month before 3〉地点状语的变化 here----there 4〉动词的变化 come----go （3）时态的变化 1〉一般现在时-------一般过去时 2〉现在进行时-------过去进行时 3〉现在完成时-------过去完成时 4〉一般过去时-------过去完成时 5〉过去完成时-------过去完成时 6〉一般将来时-------过去将来时 四．变换类型