Book 11_U1_重点词汇讲解

U1 重点词汇讲解

1. reflection – reflect:

reflect

His face was reflected in the mirror. 映出

Baseball reflects America’s history 棒球反映出美国的历史。

Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧。

reflect on: consider 思考

I need some time to reflect on your suggestion.

reflection

(1) Can you see your reflection in the glass? 镜中的映像

(2) consideration深思，考虑

At first I disagreed, but on reflection (= after thinking carefully about it), I realized she was right. 经再三考虑on/upon reflection on second thought

陷入沉思be lost in reflection/thought

2. option—choice n. 选择；选择自由；供选择的事物

You have no option.

你没有选择的余地。

I have little option but to go.

There are three options open to us in that matter.

在那个问题上我们有三个选择的可能。

The government has two options, to reduce spending or to increase taxes.

政府只有两种选择，不是削减开支便是增加税收。

optional adj. 可选择的

They decided that their freedom was no longer optional.

Is English an optional lesson, or does everyone have to learn it?

英语是选修课还是每个人必修的课程？

选修课optional/elective subjects

必修课compulsory subjects

3. suit sth. to sb.—be suited to sb. 适于

She had the ability to suit her performances to the audience.

A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his students.

一位好老师使他的课适宜学生。

Her performances are suited to the audience.

suit vt.

(1) 满足；取悦；适意；对……方便

It suits me if you come to work at eight o’clock.

如果你八点来上班我就满意了。

(2) 适合，适当

That dress suits you.

那套衣服你穿起来挺合适。

4.model n.

(1) 模型的

a model car一辆模型汽车

(2) 模范的

a model mother一位模范母亲

model vt. 做成……模型

to model animals in clay用黏土做动物的模型

（与after, on连用）模仿；按模型制作

She modeled herself on her mother. 她模仿母亲的一举一动。

5.in reality 实际上，相当于in fact

The salesman always appeared very confident, but in reality (in fact), he was a shy and nervous young man.

The two football players may be rivals on the pitch, but in fact/reality, they are actually good friends.

Tom may appear cold, but in reality he is warm-hearted.

同义词：actually in nature in practice in fact

as a matter of fact as the case stands really

6. baggage/luggage 行李（不可数名词）

a piece of baggage/luggage 一件行李

7. support vt./n.支持，支撑，赡养，供养

(1) 支撑；托住

These posts support the roof.

这些柱子支撑着房顶。

The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.

雕像的实体用铜制成，由爱斐尔特制的金属架支撑着。

(2) 资助；鼓励；帮助

She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching.

她用教书挣的钱资助丈夫。

He has a large family to support.

他要养一大家子的人。

(3) 拥护；支持

Which football team do you support?

你支持哪个足球队？

(4) be in support of sb./sth. 支援某人/某物

8. criticism n. 批评

criticize v. 批评, 吹毛求疵, 非难

critic n. 批评家, 评论家, 吹毛求疵者

critical adj. 评论的, 鉴定的, 批评的

9. appear

eg. It appears to me that he lied.

(1) 出现

The sun appeared on the horizon.

太阳在地平线上出现。

(2) 看来；似乎

She appears very tired.

她显得很疲劳。

He appears to want to leave.

他看来要走。

Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. 两个月的婴儿看来不象是不肯下水的。

(3) 公开露面；出版，发表

My new book will be appearing in the shops next month.

我的新书下月就可在书店出售。

(4)（在法庭）正式出面，出庭

(5) 可以发现；有

The idea appears in many books.

这个看法在许多书里都有。

(6) It appears to me that …据我看来……，似乎

10. stress and pressure紧张和压力

stress—worry (来自内部)

pressure—strong influence (来自外部)

be under/suffer from/relieve/reduce pressure/stress

stress

a stressful experience

I always eat when I am stressed.

They are putting pressure on people to vote yes.

11. tough: adj.

1) 坚韧的；有韧性的

as tough as leather像皮革一样坚韧

2) 严酷的；苛刻的：

Many homeless people are facing a tough winter. 一个严冬

3) 困难的；费力的；难切难吃的

tough meat老肉

This meat is tough. 这肉咬不动。

4) 困难的：费力的或麻烦的；困难的：

a tough job棘手的工作

skipping the toughest questions. 跳过最困难的问题

They will be a tough team to beat. 难以应付的

5) 坚决的；强硬的；顽强的

a tough policy强硬的政策

a tough guy n.<美口>硬汉

a tough law 严格的

12. clear up

(1) 整理；完成；收拾

clear up the desk 整理书桌

Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?

(2)（天气）转晴

If the weather clears up, it gets better.

(3) 消除

clear up a misunderstanding 解除误会

4) 了结；结束；变缓和

I hope your troubles clear up soon.

我希望你的困难尽快了结。

I’m fully occupied these days. I still have lots of work to clear up by the weekend.

最近几天我忙极了，到周末还有许多事情要完成。

clear up

13.go about sth.—continue to do; keep busy with 继续做，忙于做

尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样工作。

Despite the threat of the war, people went about their work as usual.

忙于日常事务go about one’s daily routine

go about (doing) sth. —start to do something; set about sth.开始，着手

How shall we go about the job?

How do you go about repairing this telex machine? (= set about)

14. approach v. 对付，处理，向……靠近n. 方法

approach a problem 处理问题

approach the enemy’s ship 靠近敌人的船

a correct approach to the subject 研究这个问题的正确方法

15. organize v. 组织

organization n. 机构，组织

organized adj. 有组织的，有条理的

organizer n. 组织者

16. correspond vi.

(1) 符合，一致[(+to/with)]

I assure you my actions will correspond with my words. 我向你保证，我将言行一致。

(2) 相当，相应[(+to)]

The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美国国会相当于英国议会。(3) 通信[(+with)]

Have you been corresponding with him? 你一直和他通信吗?

17. real（adj.）真实的reality(n.)现实realistic (adj.)现实的，实际的

18. enterprising adj. 有事业心的，有进取心的，有创业精神的

It’s very enterprising of them to start up a business like that.

他们那样去开创生意是很有魄力的。

Phil is an enterprising cook. 菲尔是个有进取心的厨师。

19. in detail 详细地

Would you please explain the theme in detail? 您是否能详细地说明一下主题?

练习：

一、根据首字母或中文写单词。

1. Susan was completely weighed down by the s___________ of examinations.

2. Can you give some examples to s____________ your argument?

3. Donkeys are __________ (结实的，强壮的) little animals and can carry big loads.

4. It takes a bit of __________ (勇气，胆量) to transport explosives to such a restless region.

5. Her conduct was beyond _______________ (批评) because she is very strict with herself and can do everything 100% perfectly.

6. I share a loving relationship with my wife with whom I am d____________________ to enjoy the rest of my life.

7. Nobody would approve your i_________ plans for reforming the system of government—it’s not practical at all.

8. She has joined the film s__________ where she can share her idea of different films with others.

9. I assure you my actions will c_____________________ with my words.

10. He is an animal ____________ (训兽师) for the circus.

11. It’s very e_____________________ of them to start up such a big business like that.

12. Would you please explain the theme in d___________? I only have a general and vague picture of it.

二、词语运用。

I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form, tense or part of speech of the words in bracket.

1. The new flat is better __________ to modern furniture than antique stuff. (suit)

2. Although a career as a __________ comes with a good salary, it is very challenging and stressful job. (law)

3. Although the training course was ______________, all the new workers chose to do it. (option)

4. The journalist is known for thinking and acting quickly under _________________. (press)

5. To everyone’s exc itement, many ___________________ pop stars will attend the charity event next week. (glamour)

6. This warm weather in December is very _______________, and the shop’s thick winter

clothing is not selling very well. (usual)

7. The __________________ in that Cantonese restaurant dress in traditional Chinese costumes while they are at work. (waitress)

8. The end of year is a time for __________________ for many people, as well as a reason to celebrate. (reflect)

9. For his next job, the driver was told that he would be _____________________ fresh goods across the country. (transport)

10. The old ______________ was famous for the traditional methods it used to make beer. (brew) II. Use another form or part of speech of the word in bold in the first sentence to fill in the blank in the second sentence.

1. Although I am good at history and geography, I often struggle at maths.

Bill Hicks was thought to be the best ____________________ in the company. He was said to have a brain like a computer.

2. I need to organize the files on my computer; right now it is difficult to find information because it is such a mess.

The ________________ of the festival wanted to make sure that no mistakes would occur during the ceremony.

3. What did you think of Mr. Wang’s less on this morning?

Confucius is considered to be one of China’s greatest ____________ and educators.

4. Although it was a heated debate, the people involved behaved very professionally and did not exchange personal insults.

Thinkers and teachers in ancient Greece would spend many hours ______________ different schools of thoughts.

5. She was thought to be a remarkable leader who got the best out of her employees.

The young captain was asked to ______ the army after the death of the commanding officer. 6. Drug therapy is used for treating people who have serious medical problems such as depression or extreme pain in their bodies.

After suffering from bad dreams for a month, a friend recommended that I go and see a _________________ for some professional help.

三、选词填空。

When you have finished studying at school, you will be faced with so many career (1) ________ that it is often difficult to choose one. Some people will go into their family’s business, perhaps as a (2) ________ selling fruit and vegetables. However, most people usually work in a career that (3) __________________ with their degree. Above all, we should be (4) ______________ that not everyone wants to do the same job. In this article, we are going to cover every (5) _________ of the job-hunting process to help you find the job you want.

Firstly, you need a good CV. Many people have to make some small (6) ____________________ to their CV each time before submitting it to employers to make sure that their personal information is accurate and up to date.

Secondly, your potential future (7) __________ will almost certainly ask you questions about the company’s background, so you need to be (8) ____________________ and find out as much information as you can on the company and the position you are applying for.

Last but not least, get ready for possible questions the interviewer might ask. If you are a good (9) _________________, you will prepare answers to questions that you might be asked before you go for the interview. Then you can answer them fluently and present yourself as a (10) ____________________ person. A good interview is decisive in your being offered the job or not.

Key :

一、根据首字母或中文写单词。

1. stress

2. support

3. tough

4. nerve

5. criticism

6. determined

7. ideal

8. society

9. correspond 10. trainer 11. enterprising 12. detail

二、词语运用。

I. 1. suited 2. lawyer 3. optional 4. pressure 5. glamorous

6. unusual

7. waitresses

8. reflection

9. transporting 10. brewery

II. 1. mathematician 2. organizers 3. thinkers

4. debating

5. lead

6. therapist

三、选词填空。

1. options

2. grocer

3. corresponds

4. realistic

5. aspect

6. corrections

7. boss

8. enterprising

9. organizer 10. self-confident