视听Style-Symbols and Motifs
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Audio-Visual Courses Language required: English Only
A symbol is something that stands for or suggests something else, usually on account of a relationship, association, convention or resemblance.
A motif is a recurring feature or idea related to the theme of the film; frequently it will be a recurring symbol.
Scales , for example, are symbols of justice (because they are associated with the idea of balance);
The color red may symbolize danger, violence, or intense passion (because of its association with blood);
The goat may be symbolic of lust (simply because the two are conventionally associated).
Some symbols are universal , but some symbols are culturally specific .
Water , for example, almost universally symbolizes fertility because the two are naturally associated. On the other hand, bread and wine , symbolizing the body and blood of Christ, will be more significant in Christian cultures. The lamb , representing Jesus Christ and his sacrifice, is another potent Christian symbol---something that was not lost on the makers of The Silence of Lambs
One of the funniest moments in American cinema is the scene in Reservoir Dogs where the gang members are being assigned their code names. The names are all based on colors: for example, there is a "Mr. White", a "Mr. Blue", and a "Mr. Pink". Mr. Pink, however, is indignant about his name, and asks if it can be changed to "Mr. Black". It's a trivial issue, of course, since these are only code names, but Mr. Pink is aware of the color symbolism that associates pink with effeminacy and homosexuality, and black with seriousness, gravity, and power.
Symbolism in the films can be quite subtle . When, for example, E.T. holds out his forefinger to touch the fingertip
of his young human friend Elliott, the scene recalls the famous Michelangelo painting "The Creation of Adam" on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in which the forefingers of God and Adam momentarily touch, and thus becomes
symbolic of a deep spiritual connection between the two.
Symbolism
Windows, Doors, Mirrors
Contents
Door, windows, mirrors
Culture reflection
?Symbolism in Western Culture
?Rose Symbolism in Western Culture
Table quiz
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Door, windows, mirrors
Stylistic features and effects of framing: windows---intrusive gaze; doors---distinguish “outsiders”from “insiders”or signify possible courses of action; mirrors---signify self-examination or incipient psychological collapse.
Interest in the symbolic meanings of doors, windows, and mirrors is not limited to students of literature. Below are the ideas of three very different thinkers (a nineteenth-century Englishman, a Chinese essayist, and a French psychoanalyst) who approach the topic from three very different angles.
Doors: Thomas De Quincey, “On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth”
De Quincey’s essay concerns the scene in Macbeth in which Macbeth and his wife, having just carried out the murder of Duncan, are startled by a porter knocking loudly at the gate. De Quincey argues that the dramatic power of the scene derives from the contrast between two “worlds”: the dark, murderous, devilish world of Macbeth and his wife; and the ordinary world of humdrum, day-to-day activities. The knocking at the gate is the moment when the murderous world fades away and the ordinary world returns.
“The murderers and the murder must be insulated---cut off by an immeasurable gulf from the ordinary tide and succession of human affairs---locked up and sequestered in some deep recess 【…】the knocking at the gate is heard, and it makes known audibly that the reaction has commenced; the human has made its reflux upon the fiendish; the pulses of life are beginning to beat again; and the reestablishment of the goings-on of the world in which we live first makes us profoundly sensible of the awful parenthesis that had suspended them.”
The essay is one of the best-known critiques of Shakespeare, and a remarkable explanation of how the door (or a gate) is more than just a physical barrier; it is also a symbolic barrier separating two separate dramatic, moral, and emotional worlds.
Windows: 钱钟书，“窗”
Qian Zhongshu’s essay “窗” in 《The marginalia of life》(translated by Ngai-Lai Cheng), is one of the more interesting discussions of the significance of windows. According to him, windows are symbolic of pleasure because they allow one to capture the beauty of nature and bring it inside. But just as the human eye at the same time allows one to see outwards and allows others to “see one’s soul”, so the window exposes those inside the house to observation from outside.
一个外来者，打门请进，有所要求，有所询问，他至多是个客人，一切要等主人来决定。反过来说，一个钻窗子进来的人，不管是偷东西还是偷情，早已决心来替你做个暂时的主人，顾不到你的欢迎和拒绝了。
When there is someone knocking on the door and seeking admission to the house with a request to make or in want of some advice, he can be no more than a guest because the host has the deciding vote on everything. On the other hand, when there is someone coming in through the window, whether he is going to steal some property or steal somebody’s heart, he has decided that he will replace the host for a
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little while. He does not care whether he is welcome or not.
●窗子许里面人看出去，同时也许外面人看进来，所以在热闹地方住的人要用窗帘子，替他们私生
活做个保障。
We look out the window from the inside, but at the same time people see us from the outside. That is
why those who live in downtown areas draw their curtains to make sure they have privacy.
Mirror: Jacques Lacan and the “Mirror Phase”
Jacques Lacan is a French psychoanalyst. Influenced heavily by Freud, he reinterprets the findings of his predecessor in the light of structuralist and post-structuralist theory. Most influential is Lacan’s idea of the “Mirror Phase”, which relates the act of looking in the mirror to the formation of a stable sense of identity and of self. For this reason, characters who are reconsidering their own identity will look in mirrors, as will those undergoing some kind of identity crisis or psychological collapse.
The symbolism of the feather: Forrest Gump
?Obviously, the feather may represent Gump: a drafting, insubstantial, mindless victim of the winds of time. Alternatively, the feather could stand for an angelic spirit that seems to watch over Forrest, turning his every affliction into a blessing.
The feather is explicitly named in the debate over destiny and determinism.
Forrest’s dying mother concludes that “you make your own destiny.”Over Jenny’s grave Forrest wonders whether we have destiny or float accidentally through life like a feather in the breeze. Typically, rather than commit a hard choice he concludes that it is both, at the same time.
?The single most memorable stylistic feature of Forrest Gump is the motif of the feather that drifts slowly downwards, resting at Gump’s feet until he picks it up and puts it away in his book. The feather is a visual representation of Gumpism as
a kind of philosophy: As an object that drifts wherever it is blown, it represents
Gump’s passivity in the face of events and his own willingness to be blown around by the winds of fate and history. Alternatively, as an object that descends from the heavens, it represents a kind of heavenly beauty that can occur in ordinary human lives.
? A more complicated and contradictory symbol is that of the box of chocolates that
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Gump intends to give to Jenny as a gift. Gump says that his mother always told him, “life is like a box of chocolate---you never know what you’re going to get. ”
So, at the most basic level, the chocolates symbolize life itself, and (more specifically) its unpredictability. Since the chocolates remind Gump of his mother, and since they are a gift for Jenny, they also symbolize his love for these two women.
?However, the novel from which the film was adapted says something different and more pessimistic. “Bein an idiot is no box of chocolates. ”The discrepancy between the two versions can be interpreted in two ways. On the one hand, it could be argued that the symbolism of the two visions is absolutely contradictory: in the film, life is to be compared to a box of chocolates because life is full of pleasing surprises for all; in the novel, however, such pleasing surprises are privileges enjoyed exclusively by those why are born normal---privileges that idiots like Gump can never enjoy. On the other hand, it could equally well be argued that the two versions are not contradictory but complementary. According to this perspective, the novel version merely points out explicitly what is implicit in the film---that life is fundamentally and inexplicably unjust. “Life is like a box of chocolates---you never know what you’re going to get” thus confirms man’s position as a helpless victim of circumstance and chance. Arbitrariness and injustice are made to seem like principles of existence; they are, to an extent, naturalized and legitimized.
?Script---Forrest at Jenny’s Grave (2'49''Audio-visual clip)
Gump: Jenny, I don’t know if mama was right, or if it’s Lieutenant Dan. I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidental-like on a breeze, but I think maybe it’s both. Maybe both get happening at the same time. But I miss you Jenny. If there’s anything you need, I won’t be far away. (Gump walks away from the grave and birds go flying past.)
F: So this scene shows what is peculiar about Forrest Gump---he can tolerate the logical contradictions in his life.
M: That’s the beauty of the scene and the beauty of the whole movie really. F.G. is a special character because he can tolerate logical contradictions. That makes him amusing, funny, but it also allows him to have a certain insight into life that other people can’t have. We’ve been trained to think logically; only F.G. can tolerate the idea that chance and fate can operate together, at the same time, in life. That’s completely illogical---only Gump can imagine it that way---but it gives us a new perspective on life. In the background, next to the Jenny’s grave, is a tree. That’s the tree that Jenny and Gump used to play on when they were young. And so the story---the narrative---has come full circle, and the visual effect has also come full circle, from the tree at the beginning of the movie to the tree of the end of the movie. That’s typical of Hollywood---to take the movie in a circular motion---and it gives a feeling of completeness and satisfaction to the narrative.
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Read the uses of symbolism in two cases
●The opening ceremony of 2008 Beijing Olympic Games (video
recording: BBC live broadcasting version)
How to gaze at the extraordinary eye-catching
dressed-in-romance-and-harmony grand display to
insightfully read China?
Confucius excerption: Friends come from afar, how happy we are.
The five rings
Fireworks display footsteps approaching
Olympic motto of Higher, Faster, Stronger
The Chinese traditional painting and scroll
The azure lifted up three-dimensional globe
The ceremony of lighting of flame…
The athletic event and sport itself
●Illusion-The Magic of David Copperfield (Quite different from
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Freud’s pure academic probe, it is a sort of amusing,
innovative, alluring, even reflective marvelous
interpretation of dreams)
The act of creating the fascinating impossible
The art of making people enchanted dream
Terminology comparison and contrast: Illusionist V.S. Magician (ideology has been generated, invested, created and developed, or not)
Tips of reading D.C.:
Complex and coiled a set of symbolic connotations of unceasing mankind desires of soaring up and flying would be the perfect standpoint and foothold.
People of ideas, visions, and illusions.
Please see through illusions as cosmetic and mysterious veil-or-rainbow-like carriers and bearers of humanized inner anticipations and dreams.
A certain reverence needs to be paid to these immortalized mind-boggling
fantasies and wonders with some aids of camera tricks or visual effects.
The influential and resonated beneficial philosophy conveys through the giving of magic of gift to people with various physical, psychological and developmental sociological cognition, with a load of priceless artistic diagnoses and reflections presents.
Great Minds Think Alike
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Always prepare to learn how to expect the unexpected. ? ---Anonymous Good education has got to be good entertainment. ? ---Nicholas Negroponte
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Culture reflection
I. Symbolism in Western Culture
The interpretation of mise-en-scene often requires an understanding of symbolism. This causes potential problems for the Chinese viewer, who may not be familiar with the different symbolic systems of Hollywood in particular and western culture in general.
Much of the symbolism of the West still derives from its Christian and classical heritage.
Most obviously, the cross invariably symbolizes the Christian faith; less obviously, the goat may symbolize the Devil, the number “3”may symbolize the Trinity of God, Christ, and the Holy Ghost, and the act of eating together before a major event may recall the Last Supper of Christ and his disciples. A great flood might symbolize the anger of God, as a rainbow might symbolize God’s covenant 〔Bible an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return〕with man. A dove may be the symbol of the Holy Spirit (as well as one of peace), and a serpent the symbol of the Devil (or, more generally, evil).
From the classical tradition comes the idea that literal blindness is associated with wisdom: Tiresias〔Greek mythology the blind prophet of Thebes who revealed to Oedipus that Oedipus had murdered his father and married his mother〕is the “blind see r” of classical myth, and when Oedipus pulls out his eyes he gains true knowledge. The goddess of chastity (Diana) was the goddess of the moon, and so the moon can symbolize chastity. Poseidon, the sea god, would carry a trident, and so the trident has become a symbol of the waves. Venus, the goddess of love, was born from the waves, and so a woman emerging from the waves is inevitably to be viewed as a modern incarnation of the goddess.
Sigmund Freud’s work on dreams provides another angle on symbolism. Freud argued that the dream may be an expression of unconscious desires that are unacceptable to the consciousness; for that reason they are converted into a symbolic form that renders them seemingly innocent to the conscious mind. Freudian dream symbolism is usually sexual in nature. For example, the male genitals may take the symbolic form of long upright objects (e.g. trees), objects used for penetration (e.g. knives, guns), and objects producing water (e.g. fountains), or even machinery. The female genitals may be symbolically represented by unfilled spaces (e.g. caves, tunnels, boxes), breast-like fruits (e.g. apples and peaches), or gardens. Sexual intercourse often takes the symbolic form of climbing steps and ladders; and sexual desires are represented by animals.
II. Rose Symbolism in Western Culture
1.The rose occurs throughout Western literature, primarily as a symbol of the passionate love between a man and a woman.
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2.The rose came originally from Persia. To the Arabs it was a masculine flower and a symbol of joy. To the Romans it was a symbol of Venus, the goddess of love, and to the Christians a symbol of the Virgin Mary (who was known as the “Rosa Mystica”---the mysterious rose). Medieval theologians 〔someone who is learned in theology or who speculates about theology (especially Christian theology)〕attributed the origin of the rose to the drops of Christ’s blood falling on a thorn bush.
3.The quality of love is signified by the color of the rose. A white rose represents innocent (nonsexual) love, a pink rose represents first love, and a red rose true love. The thorns〔a sharp-pointed tip on a stem or leaf；something that causes irritation and annoyance〕of the rose are a reminder of human fallibility 〔the likelihood of making errors; unreliability〕and guilt, since the roses in the Garden of Eden were said to have no thorns. In particular, they recall mankind’s original sin.
4.The best overview of given by Gabriel Tergit in Flowers Through the Ages (1961). Observing that the rose was dedicated desiccated 〔preserve by removing all water and liquids from; lacking vitality or spirit; lifeless〕to the goddess of love and thus to the mystery of life, Tergit argues that it naturally became a symbol of the rose is strengthened by the structure of the flower: the folded structure of the flower by its very nature, Tergit argues that it naturally became a symbolic significance of the rose is strengthened by the structure of the flower: the folded structure of the flower by its very nature, Tergit suggests, conceals a “secret inner core”.
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Table quiz
Symbols may have different meanings in China and the West. List some of the differences.
The table below lists some the color, animal, and number symbols used in the Western cultural tradition alongside their possible meanings and where appropriate their different symbolic values in the Chinese cultural tradition.
Table quiz
Different symbolic values of colors, animals and numbers in western and Chinese culture
Symbol Meaning in the West Meaning in China
Red
White
Green
Yellow
Owl
Lion
Dragon
Phoenix
Turtle
Peacock
3
13
666
8
4
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英语高级视听说-下册-unit-2
Not Your Average Teen Lots of teenage girls dream of becoming rich and famous. But it's not a fantasy for Michelle Wie. Just before her 16th birthday last fall, she became the highest-paid woman golfer in history simply by turning professional and lending her name to commercial endorsements that will pay her between $10 million and $12 million a year, most of which will go into a trust fund until she becomes an adult. Wie has been a celebrity since she was 13, when people began predicting she would become the Tiger Woods of women' sgolf. But, as correspondent Steve Kroft reports, that has never been enough for Wie. She wants to become the first woman ever to successfully compete with men in a professional sport. She has tried a couple of times on the PGA Tour without embarrassing herself. As you will see, she has changed a lot since we first talked to her way back in 2004, when she was 14. At the time, Wie told Kroft her ultimate goal was to play in the Masters. "I think it'd be pretty neat walking down the Masters fairways," she said. It was a neat dream for a 14-year-old kid. Nothing has happened in the last two years to change Wie's mind or shake her confidence. She is stronger now, more mature and glamorous. She has already demonstrated that she can play herself into the middle of the pack against the best men on the PGA Tour and has come within a shot of winning her first two starts on the LPGA Tour this year as a part-time professional. The day before 60 Minutes interviewed her at the Fields Open in Honolulu, she shot a final round of 66, coming from six strokes off the lead to just miss a playoff. "You won your first check yesterday," Kroft says. "Uh-huh," Wie says. "It was, it was really cool. I mean, I was like looking at how much I won. I was like 'Oh my God.' " Wie says she won around $72,000. Asked whether she gets to keep that money, Wie said she didn't know. "I'm trying to negotiate with my dad how much I can spend of that, and stuff like that. We're still working it out. But, you know, I'm definitely gonna go shopping today," she says, laughing. Half of her life is spent in the adult world, competing with men and women twice her age for paychecks they may need to make expenses and dealing with the media, sponsors and marketing executives. The rest of the time she is a junior at Punahou High School in Honolulu, where she is an A student and claims to lead the life of a typical 16-year-old.
高级英语视听说教程第二册听力文本
Book 2 Chapter 1 The Population Today we’re going to talk about population in the United States. According to the most recent government census, the population is 281,421,906 people. Now this represents an increase of almost 33 million people since the 1990 census. A population of over 281 million makes the United States the third most populous country in the whole world. As you probably know, the People’s Republic of China is the most populous country in the world. But do you know which is the second most populous? Well, if you thought India, you were right. The fourth, fifth, and sixth most populous countries are Indonesia, Brazil, and Pakistan. Now let’s get back to the United States. Let’s look at the total U. S. population figure of 281 million in three different ways. The first way is by race and origin; the second is by geographical distribution, or by where people live; and the third way is by the age and sex of the population. First of all, let’s take a look at the population by race and origin. The latest U. S. census reports that percent of the population is white, whereas percent is black. Three percent are of Asian origin, and 1 percent is Native American. percent of the population is a mixture of two or more races, and percent report themselves as “of some other race”. Let’s make sure your figures are right: OK, white, percent; black, percent; Asian, 3 percent; Native American, 1 percent; a mixture of two or more races, percent; and of some other race, percent. Hispanics, whose origins lie in Spanish-speaking countries, comprise whites, blacks, and Native Americans, so they are already included in the above figures. It is important to note that Hispanics make up percent of the present U.S. population, however. Finally, the census tells us that 31 million people in the United States were born in another country. Of the 31 million foreign born, the largest part, percent are from Mexico. The next largest group, from the Philippines, number percent. Another way of looking at the population is by geographical distribution. Do you have any idea which states are the five most populous in the United States? Well, I’ll help you out there. The five most populous states, with population figures, are California, with almost 34 million; New York, with 21 million; Texas, with 19 million; and Florida, with 16 million; and Illinois with million people. Did you get all those figures down? Well, if not, I’ll give you a chance later to check your figures. Well, then, let’s move on. All told, over half, or some 58 percent of the population, lives in
全大学英语综合教程第二版课题答案全集
【一】全新版大学英语综合教程1课后题 Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1. …down back and on in 2. been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. the command the soldiers opened fire. bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. , rigid, to inspire tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas , career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ. violating Ⅲ. , in upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ. Cloze 1. back
and on out/in 2. Ⅱ. Translation 1. 1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2. Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship I. Vocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. 1) absolutely 2) available
(完整word版)研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译
Unite 1 P15 1.Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate/alleviate(减轻，降低) that risk.作为一个未来的员工,你的工作是帮助招聘经理降低风险。 2.You need help them identify(认定，认同) you as prospective/expected(预期的，未来的) “key player”.你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 3.Kelly was outstanding and outshone/surpassed(优于,超过) every other player on the field.凯利非常出色，胜过了球场上所有其他球员。 4.Better still,develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates/originates(发动，创建) collaborations.更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人之间，培养一个良好的声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人。 5.He is a former scientist who transitioned/transferred(转变，改变) to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家，许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级经理的职位。 6.The unions mobilized/organized(组织) thousands of workers in a protest(抗议，游行) against the cuts.协合会组织了一场数以千计的工人游行来抗议裁员。 7.This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions/beliefs(信念). act on ones convictions 按某人的想法行事。 这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己想法行事的人们提出了要求。 8.His speech was made with such great ambiguity/vagueness(不清楚) that neither supporter nor opponent(反对者) could be certain of his true position.他的演讲有许多疑点，既没有支持者也没有反对者来肯定他的立场。 9.The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize(优先处理) his or her relationship assets/advantages(资源，优势) above their technical assets.想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。 10.This approach, combined with a liberal(开明的) use of the pronoun “we” and not just ”I”when describing your accomplishments(业绩), can change the company’s perception/impression(看法，印象) of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator.这个方法，加上你在描述业绩是开明的使用代词“我们”而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。 11.I’m trying to foster/encourage(培养，鼓励) an interest in classical music in my children.我尝试着培养孩子在古典音乐上的兴趣。 12.A German company collaborated/cooperated(合作)with a Swiss firm(公司) to develop the product.一个德国公司和一个瑞士公司合作开发的产品。 P17 The independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific employment：academic and industrial. For decades, academia has paid lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to adjust . Despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic setting , collaboration remains informal and is actually discourage by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing credit for their work with others.
上外版英语高级视听说(上册)听力原文
Unit 1 Pirates of the Internet It’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. √Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”
高级综合英语教程1 (张维友)课后答案
Unit 1 I. Background to Text 1 The Natural Trust: A UK charity (i.e. a non-profit organization) founded in 1895 with the full name of Places of Historical Interest and Natural Beauty. The Trust owns historic buildings, gardens and land, which it opens to the public. Text I is taken from the Trust’s own magazine, issued to its members. The writers are 17-18-year-old students. Environment:The combination of external conditions that surround and influence a living organism, including light, temperature, availability of food and water, climatic conditions, geographical area, pollution by chemicals, radiation, noise, etc., the presence of other organisms possibly competing for the same resources, and the physical and chemical nature of the immediate surroundings, e.g. soil, sea water. The environment of human beings also includes social, cultural, economic and political factors, and the room, building, town, region, or country in which a person lives. II. Detailed study of the text 1. As young people we have a vested interest in…(L.1) vested interest: (often derog.) a share or right already held in something that is of advantage to the holder; used to show a good reason for someone to act in a particular way 2. …all the complexities of the issues involved…(L.3) 1) complexity: used both countably and uncountably to show (an example of) the state of being complex, e.g. the complexities of tax law; a diplomatic problem of great complexity 2) issue: an important subject to be discussed, argued about or determined …the issues are very complex, involving many different factors… 3. ...it is vital to conserve the countryside… conserve: preserve; keep from being wasted, damaged, or destroyed 4. Although we often take the beautiful rural scenery of North Devon for grant ed, we want to maintain the kind of diversity of landscapes…(L.6) 1) take sth. /sb. for granted: accept a fact or situation without questioning its rightness or thinking much about 2) maintain:continue to have, do etc. as before; keep something in good condition by making repairs or taking good care of it 3) diversity: variety; the condition of being different 5. …at the invitation of the National Trust. (L.9) …invited by the National Trust 6. The patchwork quilt of fields…(L.9) The fields of different s izes and colours looking like a patchwork quilt… 7. …probably at the expense of some of the least productive farmland. (L.14)
(完整版)高级英语视听说2参考答案(1)
Chapter 1 The Population I 2 populous 3 race 4 origin 5 geographical distPrelistening B 1 census ribution 6 made up of 7 comprises 8 relatively progressively 9 Metropolitan densely 10 decreased death rate 11 birth rate increasing 12 life expectancy D 1 a 18.5 mill b 80% c 1/2 d 13.4 mill e 2: 10 f 4% g 1990 h 40% i 3/4 j 33.1% 2 a 3 b 1 c 2 d 5 e 4 II First Listening ST1 population by race and origin ST2 geographical distribution ST3 age and sex III Postlistening A 1. People’s Republic of China, India 2. 281 mill
3. Hispanics(12.5%) 4. Texas 5. the South and the West 6. 20% 7. by more than 5 million 8. about 6 years 9. 2.2 years 10. a decreasing birth rate and an increasing life expectancy Chapter 2: Immigration: Past and Present PRELISTENING B. Vocabulary and Key Concepts immigrated natural disasters/ droughts/ famines persecution settlers/ colonists stages widespread unemployment scarcity expanding/ citizens failure decrease
大一英语综合教程标准答案
大一英语综合教程答案
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The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow
英语高级视听说 下册 unit 2
Not Y our A verage Teen Lots of teenage girls dream of becoming rich and famous. But it's not a fantasy for Michelle Wie. Just before her 16th birthday last fall, she became the highest-paid woman golfer in history simply by turning professional and lending her name to commercial endorsements that will pay her between $10 million and $12 million a year, most of which will go into a trust fund until she becomes an adult. Wie has been a celebrity since she was 13, when people began predicting she would become the Tiger Woods of women’s golf. But, as correspondent Steve Kroft reports, that has never been enough for Wie. She wants to become the first woman ever to successfully compete with men in a professional sport. She has tried a couple of times on the PGA Tour without embarrassing herself. As you will see, she has changed a lot since we first talked to her way back in 2004, when she was 14. At the time, Wie told Kroft her ultimate goal was to play in the Masters. "I think it'd be pretty neat walking down the Masters fairways," she said. It was a neat dream for a 14-year-old kid. Nothing has happened in the last two years to change Wie's mind or shake her confidence. She is stronger now, more mature and glamorous. She has already demonstrated that she c an play herself into the middle of the pack against the best men on the PGA Tour and has come within a shot of winning her first two starts on the LPGA Tour this year as a part-time professional. The day before 60 Minutes interviewed her at the Fields Open in Honolulu, she shot a final round of 66, coming from six strokes off the lead to just miss a playoff. "Y ou won your first check yesterday," Kroft says. "Uh-huh," Wie says. "It was, it was really cool. I mean, I was like looking at how much I won. I was like 'Oh my God.' " Wie says she won around $72,000. Asked whether she gets to keep that money, Wie said she didn't know. "I'm trying to negotiate with my dad how much I can spend of that, and stuff like that. We're still working it out. But, you know, I'm definitely gonna go shopping today," she says, laughing. Half of her life is spent in the adult world, competing with men and women twice her age for paychecks they may need to make expenses and dealing with the media, sponsors and marketing executives. The rest of the time she is a junior at Punahou High School in Honolulu, where she is
unit大学英语综合教程答案
BOOK 1 - Unit 4 - Language Focus - Vocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. 1) It was already a [wreck] when two weeks later the police found his stolen car and he had to buy a new one. 2) With great patience, the clerk showed the elderly lady how to check the [balance] in her bank account on an ATM (自动出纳机). 3) If you look out of the window on the left side of the bus, you'll see that we're now [approaching] the Tower of London. 4) There'll certainly be some problems, but nothing that you can't [handle]. 5) People who [discard] litter in the streets should be fined heavily. 6) Successful businessmen today are likely to be young, aggressive (有进取心的), and well-educated. [Above all], they are willing to take risks to achieve success. 7) During those difficult years, the family lived almost entirely on a [diet] of cabbages. 8) What are we going to [do with] the food left over from the party 9) We [checked on] Tom's age by getting his birth record. 10) We'll go out as soon as I've [cleaned up] the kitchen. 11) For women lawyers in the United States, their [weekly] earnings are on the average much less than those of male lawyers. 12) I won't get involved in a deal like this — it's against all my [principles]. 2. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. The first part has been written for you. 1) They gave up their efforts to look for survivors (幸存者) after determining that all the people in the sunken ship had died. (abandon) Efforts [to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died / to look for survivors were abandoned after it was determined that all the