恩波《考研英语难句突破300句》300_20
2003 Part A Text 2
6. To paraphrase 18th century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”
【译文】借用18世纪政治家埃德蒙·柏克的一句话，“只要好人什么都不做，一个被误导了的运动就能得逞”。
【析句】 To paraphrase 18th century statesman Edmund Burke作句子的目的状语，全句的主语是引号内的内容：主语是all，is是谓语动词，表语是从句that good people do nothing。all的后边接了一个由that引导的定语从句，对all加以说明。
【讲词】 paraphrase表示“解释，改述”，例如：If you think you will want to paraphrase the passage,make a note only of the author’s basic point.（如果你想解释这段话的意思，只要记住作者的基本观点就行。）
triumph意为“成功，胜利”，例如：It was a great triumph when our team won the match.（我们队赢得了这场比赛，这是一场伟大的胜利。）巴黎的凯旋门，用英语来说就是the Arch of Triumph。triumph可以作动词，意为“取得胜利”。Terror triumphed over logic and reason.（恐怖战胜了逻辑和理智。）
7. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.
【译文】科学家应该对动物权利鼓吹者作出强有力的回应，因为他们的言论混淆了公众的视听，从而威胁到卫生知识和卫生服务的进步。
【析句】Scientists need… rights advocates是全句的主句，逗号的后边是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰animal rights advocates。定语从句的主语包含两个谓语动词
confusing和threatening。在此句中，thereby并没有连接句子，它只是副词，表示“借以”或“由此”。
【讲词】 respond表示“回答，反应”，例如：I d like to respond to your question.（我来回答你的问题。）The government needs to respond to the situation.（政府应对这种形势作出回应。）respond的名词形式是response。
advocate作动词时表示“鼓吹，提倡”，例如：Chris Stone has advocated “open source” movement since the 1980s.（克里斯·斯通从20世纪80年代起就倡导“开放源代码”运动。）作名词时意为“倡导者，鼓吹者”：an advocate of civil rights（公民权利的拥护者）。
8. For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested on animals—no meat,no fur,no medicines.
【译文】例如，在近期的一次街头集市上，在动物权利宣传点一位老奶奶散发小册子规劝人们不要使用任何动物制品和动物实验制品——肉类，毛皮，药物。
【析句】本句的主干结构是a woman was distributing a brochure。brochure的后边跟了一个that引导的定语从句，限定修饰brochure。anything的后边也接了一个定语从句，限定修饰anything。
【讲词】如果不清楚staff和booth这两个词的意思，那么理解这句话就比较困难。booth指“摊，货摊,亭,棚”等，如telephone booth（电话亭）。an animal rights booth意为“一个动物权利宣传点”。staff在此句中作动词使用，意思“作为……雇员”，在这里相当于汉语的“站点”。
9. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce the se treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
【译文】有人不清楚获得这些治疗方法，以及新疗法和新疫苗需要进行动物实验。动物实验对于他们来说，似乎说得好是浪费，说得不好是残忍。
【析句】本句的主干是animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst，句子主干前面的成分（To those… and vaccines）作状语，其中who are… vaccines是一个定语从句，修饰those。而在这个定语从句中，unaware后面的that从句是一个宾语从句。
【讲词】 unaware意为“不清楚，未意识到”：The child,unaware of the danger, picked up the bomb.（小孩没有觉察到危险，他捡起了炸弹。）
at best表示“充其量；至多”：We expect no more than 40 people at best in attendance.（我们估计参加的人数充其量不到40人。）另可表示“在最佳情况下”。
at(the) worst意为“在最坏的情况下，在最保守的估计下”，例如：At worst, the storm will make us postpone the trip.（最坏的估计是暴风雨会使我们推迟行程。）… at best… at worst可译为“往最好的方面看……往最坏的方面看……”。另有一成语：Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.（抱最好的希望，作最坏的打算。）
10. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.
【译文】他们应该对报刊的读者来信及时做出反应，以防止动物权利的误导言论在毫无质疑的情况下横行，从而获得一副虚假的真理的面容。
【析句】这是一个条件句，如果不熟悉lest这个词，理解句子会比较困难。
【讲词】 lest意为“惟恐,以免,免得”，例如：Be careful lest you fall from that tree.（要当心,以免从树上摔下来。）I was afraid lest he might come too late.（我怕他来得太晚。）
deceptive意为“骗人的；容易使人上当的”。Appearance can be deceptive.（外表可能是靠不住的。）
unchallenged意为“未受到挑战的；未受到质疑的；毫无疑问的”。He is an unchallenged political leader.（他是一位无可争议的领导人。）
11. Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.
【译文】最后，由于最终的利益相关者是病人，因而医疗研究机构不仅应该积极争取像斯蒂芬·库柏这样的名人的支持——他敢于站出来谈论动物实验的价值——而且也应该争取所有接受治疗的病人的支持。
【析句】本句是一个因果复合句，because引导一个原因从句，其后的句子成分是主句。在主句中，主语是the health research community，谓语是recruit，宾语是well known personalities和all。第一个宾语跟了一个同位语（Stephen Cooper），后面又跟了一个非限制定语从句。第二个宾语跟了一个定语从句，说明all。
【讲词】 ultimate意为“最后的,最终的,根本的”，也可以作名词，表示“顶点，极限”。That s an absurdity carried to its ultimate.（这可是极端的荒谬。）stakeholder意为“股东”，延伸指“相关的利益人（方）”：The stakeh olders in the peace process should be encouraged to formulate a new c onstitution for the country.（应该鼓励和平进程的相关各方为这个国家起草一部新宪法。）
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all the same 仍然,照样的as regards 关于,至于anything but 根本不as a matter of fact 实际上 apart from 除...外(有/无) as a rule 通常,照例 as a result(of) 因此,由于as far as ...be concerned 就...而言as far as 远至,到...程度as for 至于,关于 as follows 如下as if 好像,仿怫 as good as 和...几乎一样as usual 像平常一样,照例 as to 至于,关于all right 令人满意的;可以 as well 同样,也,还as well as 除...外(也),即...又
aside from 除...外(还有) at a loss 茫然,不知所措 at a time 一次,每次at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 at all costs 不惜一切代价at all events 不管怎样,无论如何at all times 随时,总是at any rate 无论如何,至少 at best 充其量,至多at first 最初,起先 at first sight 乍一看,初看起来at hand 在手边,在附近 at heart 内心里,本质上at home 在家,在国内 at intervals 不时,每隔... at large 大多数,未被捕获的 at least 至少at last 终于 at length 最终,终于at most 至多,不超过
at no time 从不,决不by accident 偶然 at one time 曾经,一度;同时at present 目前,现在 at sb’s disposal 任...处理at the cost of 以...为代价 at the mercy of 任凭...摆布at the moment 此刻,目前 at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或back and forth 来回地,反复地 back of 在...后面before long 不久以后 beside point 离题的,不相干的beyond question 毫无疑问by air 通过航空途径by all means 尽一切办法,务必 by and by 不久,迟早by chance 偶然,碰巧
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