人教版高中英语必修四(高一版)

高中英语黄金阅读(高一版) 习俗类

(1)

In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don’t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.

At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill.

Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.

Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you’re taking the food for yourself.

Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.

Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.

1. Which statement is true?

A. American people like sitting with people they don’t know.

B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.

C. American people never sit with people they don’t know.

D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.

2. What is served before you order?

A. bread

B. butter

C. coffee

D. cold water

3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?

A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs.

B. They leave the food on the table and go away.

C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later.

D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.

4. Sunday dinner is_______.

A. a dinner in the evening

B. A big noon meal

C. a big lunch on Sunday

D. A supper on Sunday

【答案解析】本文介绍了美国人在外就餐时的风俗习惯。

1. D。细节题。根据第一段及关键句…it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them 可知 A、B、C 与原文不相符，同时关键句告诉我们“未

经他人允许吸烟是不礼貌的”可知 D 为正确选项。

2. D。细节题。根据At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order 可见在点菜之前提供的是自来水，据此选D。

3. C。细节题。根据If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”得知它与答案 C 的表达相符，故选 C。

4. B。细节题。根据Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.可知它与答案B 的表达一致，故选B。

（2）

As you know different countries have different customs. Also there are many gestures showing many meanings in many countries. Here are a few examples of gestures.

A fisherman in Britain will show the size of a fish he has caught by holding his two hands, palms(手掌) facing each other, the right distance apart in front of him. But the one from certain part of Africa will measure off the size along his left arm with his right hand. In Britain the gesture to show the numb er “one” is made by holding up the index finger (the second finger), but in Switzerland it is the thumb—the first finger which is held up. Some people point at objects with finger, others by sticking out the lips. The gesture for “come here” is made in Bri tain with the index finger, which is held, pointing upwards, at eye level and bent towards the body; in Egypt the hand is held at arm’s length, palm downwards, and the fingers are then bent. The difference between the movements is very important, and the meanings of the same gestures maybe opposite in different countries. It may bring trouble to those not well known with it.

1. This passage is mainly about _______.

A. different people in different countries

B. how to understand the gestures in Britain

C. the different gestures

D. how to show a gesture in Egypt

2. Sometimes difference between the movements in different countries may bring about _______ to you.

A. a good luck

B. a new world

C. all ill effect

D. happiness

3 How will the Africans expr ess if the object’s size is longer than their left arms?

A. Take a string to show it.

B. Keep silent.

C. Bring the object to the spot.

D. In another way.

4. According to the passage we should _______.

A. look before we leap

B. pick and choose

C. strike while the iron is hot

D. do in Rome as the Romans do

【答案与解析】本文主要讲不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯，在不同的国家相同的手势可能代表不同的意思。

1. C。主旨题。本文的主题是讲不同国家的手势，所以答案选C。

2. C。细节题。从文中最后一句“若你不知道这些差异的话可能会给你带来麻烦”可知此题答案为C(an ill effect 不良后果)。

3. D。推断题。从 But the one from certain part of Africa will measure off the

size along his left arm with his right hand可知答案选D。

4. D。主旨题。从本文的主题可知，我们应该入乡随俗(do in Rome as the Romans do)。