book 6 unit one 语言点人教版

Section_ⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points

A．词义配对

1．shadow A．the dark shape that sb./sth.'s form makes on a surface

2．predict B．what you are hoping to achieve by a plan, action or activity

3．typical C．to say that something will happen in the future

4．coincidence D．an act of trying to do sth., especially sth.difficult, often with no

success

5．attempt E．having the usual features or qualities of a particular type of

person, group or thing

6．aim F．the fact of two things happening at the same time by chance, in a

surprising way

答案：1—A2—C3—E4—F5—D6—B

B．根据构词法(-ly, -al, -ion)写出单词

7．faithful (adj.)→________(ad v.)

8．evident (adj.)→________(ad v.)

9．possess (v t.)→________ (n.)

10．adopt (v t.)→________ (n.)

11．convention (n.)→________ (adj.)

12．controversy (n.)→________ (adj.)

答案：7.faithfully8.evidently9.possession10.adoption11.conventional 12.controversial

1．faith n．信任；信心；信念

[教材P1原句]Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.

艺术是受一个民族生活习俗和信仰影响的。

①Teachers developed faith in Tom gradually.

老师们渐渐对汤姆有了信心。

②Faith can move mountains.

[谚]精诚所至，金石为开。

他盲目信赖她所说的每一句话。

④A faithful friend is always faithful to you in times of trouble. 一个忠诚的朋友总是在困难的时候对你忠诚。

faithless adj.不忠

诚的；不可信赖的←―――faith n.

信心―――→

faithful adj.

忠实的；忠诚的

faithfully ad v.

忠诚地；忠实地

[语境串记]

The faithful servant has served his faithless master faithfully for 20 years.

这位忠实的仆人已为他不忠诚的主人忠实地服务了20年。

[活学活用]

I still hold the faith that_we_will_win the World Cup in the future. (win)

我依然相信我们将来会赢得世界杯。

2．aim

[教材P2原句]During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.

在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。

(1)n.[C]目标；目的[U]瞄准

为了实现他的目标，姚明在上海交通大学努力学习。

②The project was set up with_the_aim_of helping young unemployed people.

建立这个项目的目的是给失业青年提供帮助。

(2)vi. & vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力；目的在于

他瞄准树射击，不料误中了那辆车。

④We aimed to set up a new factory.

我们的目的是建一所新工厂。

⑤These English materials are aimed_at the pre-school children.

这些英语材料是针对学前儿童的。

[活学活用]

Golf is a game whose_aim_is to hit a very small ball into a small hole. (aim)

高尔夫球是一项运动，其目标是将一个小球打进一个小洞中。

3．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；特有的

[教材P2原句] A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God.

这个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。

①He is a typical pupil, who is like most of the other pupils.

他是一个有代表性的学生，和大多数其他学生一样。

②The film Red Sorghum is typical of Zhang Yimou's early works.

电影《红高粱》是张艺谋早期的代表作。

③It was typical of Li Yang, the founder of Crazy English, to be so merciless because he often beat his wife — a foreigner.

《疯狂英语》的创始人李阳总是如此冷酷无情，因为他常打他的外国老婆。

④be typical of sth.具有……的典型特征；是典型的……

⑤It_is_typical of sb. to do sth. 某人一向做某事

[活学活用]

It_is_typical_of_him to care more about others than himself. (typical)

他总是关心别人胜过关心自己。

4．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养

[教材P2原句]People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.

人们开始较少关注宗教主题，而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。

①Many new couples are eager to adopt the children losing their parents in the earthquake.

许多新婚夫妇都期望可以收养在地震中失去双亲的孩子。

②In the meeting, all the workers agreed to adopt a new idea to reform the factory.

会议中，所有员工都同意采纳新意见以改革工厂。

[点津]adapt与adopt仅有一个字母之差，要注意它们的含义的区别：adopt“采纳；收养”；而adapt“(使)适应；改编”。

③The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life.

这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后，这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。

[活学活用]

Had I been married and financially stable at the time, I would_have_adopted_ him.(adopt) 如果我那时结婚了且收入稳定，我就将他收养了。

5．possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配

[教材P2原句]Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.

富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。

①As is known to us all, our country possesses rich resources.

众所周知，我们国家拥有丰富的资源。

of confidence.

狼爸极有自信，他的三个孩子都上了北大。

③She said that she was suddenly possessed by fear.

她说她突然感到害怕。

＝The house is in_the_possession_of him.

他拥有这套房子。

⑤On her father's death, she came into possession of a vast fortune.

父亲死后，她继承了一大笔财产。

[活学活用]

The scientist thinks that the ancient Chinese must_have_possessed a vast knowledge of farming. (possess)

这位科学家认为古代的中国人肯定拥有广泛的农耕知识。

6．attempt

[教材P3原句]On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is,

the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes ...

一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼

睛看到的东西如实地画出来……

(1)vt.尝试；企图

①The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.

囚犯企图逃跑，但是失败了。

②Every time I attempted to persuade her, I failed completely.

每一次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。

(2)n.努力；尝试；企图

③Liu Xiang made an attempt to break/at breaking the world record.

刘翔为破世界纪录作了一次尝试。

④I passed my driving test at my first attempt.

我考汽车驾驶执照时一次就通过了。

⑤The USA withdrew many soldiers from Afghanistan in an attempt to cut costs.

为了削减费用，美国从阿富汗撤出了许多军人。

⑥attempt to_do sth. 企图做某事；尝试做某事

⑦make an attempt to_do/at_doing_... 尝试做……

⑧at one's first attempt 第一次尝试

⑨in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事；希望做某事

[活学活用]

They burned themselves to death as a form of protest without attempting to escape/an escape. (attempt)

作为一种抗议形式，他们将自己烧死，而不是试图逃跑。

7．predict vt.预言；预告；预测

[教材P3原句]Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?

谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？

①The earthquake had been predicted several months before.

这次地震早在几个月以前就发布了预报。

现在还很难预测何时何地会发生地震。

③It_is_predicted_that China will launch “Shenzhou-10” in the second half of 2012.

据预测中国将在2012年下半年发射“神州十号”飞船。

[活学活用]

It is really a surprise as it isn't what_we_predicted_(to_be) yesterday. (predict)

这件事真的让人吃惊，因为它不像我们昨天预测的那样。

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Guo Donglin likes to wear conventional (convention) clothes in his daily life.

2．Wen Zhang, a famous actor, is always faithful (faith) to his wife.

3．Jo's father had her adopted (adopt) because he couldn't look after her himself.

4．All the furniture in the room has a typical (type) European style.

5．It is predicted (prediction) that a storm will come.

6．The people had to gather up their few possessions (possess) and escaped abroad.

7．The measures are aimed (aim) at stopping the river from being further polluted.

8．It is evident (evidence) that he has decided to leave.

Ⅱ.多项选择

1．— What is your ________ in this Olympic Games?

— To win the gold medal.

A．attention B．idea

C．opinion D．aim

解析：选D。考查名词词义辨析。attention“注意力”；idea“想法”；opinion“观点”；aim“目的；目标”。句意：“此次奥运会你的目标是什么？”“夺得金牌。”

2．Nothing should be said about anything related to death, hate, or anything that might cast a ________ on their happiness on this occasion.

A．attitude B．shadow

C．value D．style

解析：选B。句意：在这种场合，不要谈到死亡、仇恨以及与之有关的事情，以免给他们的幸福投下阴影。shadow“阴影；影子”，符合题意。

3．Forty people survived and some of them described the flight's final terrifying moments as the plane ________ to land in driving wind and rain.

A．pretended B．attempted

C．succeeded D．devoted

解析：选B。句意：40人幸免于难，一些人描述了飞机在急风暴雨中试图着陆时的最后那一惊险时刻。attempt“试图；尝试”，符合题意。pretend“假装”；succeed“成功”，不和不定式连用；devote“奉献”。

4．Despite the short stay in this foreign country, he has soon ________ himself to the new environment.

A．attended B．adopted

C．adapted D．admitted

解析：选C。句意：尽管他在国外待的时间很短，但他很快地适应了新环境。adapt oneself to sth.“使自己适应……”，符合语境。

5．It seems that we value what we are trying to get more than what we ________ right now.

A．take B．bring

C．possess D．lose

解析：选C。句意：好像我们更重视想得到的东西而不是我们现在拥有的东西。possess“拥有；占有”，符合题意。take“带走”；bring“带来；造成”；lose“失去”。

6．—When will the star, Lin Xinru, arrive?

— I ________ she will arrive in 10 minutes. Let's wait here.

A．talk B．predict

C．speak D．want

解析：选B。句意：“明星林心如什么时间到达？”“我预料10分钟内会到的，让我们在这等着吧。”predict“预测；预言；预料”。

7．To improve the quality of the service, we should ________ the consumers' suggestions.

A．adopt B．adapt

C．rid D．adjust

解析：选A。句意：为了提高我们的服务质量，我们应该采纳用户的建议。adopt“采纳”；adapt“改编”；rid“除掉”；adjust“调整”。

8．— Tony wouldn't lend us a hand when we were in trouble.

— Well, it is ________ of him to be so unkind.

A．normal B．ordinary

C．common D．typical

解析：选D。句意：“我们遇到困难时托尼根本不帮我们。”“哎，他一向这么不友好。”normal“正常的”；ordinary“普通的”；common“常见的；一般的”；typical“典型的；有代表性的”。It is typical of sb. to do sth.“某人一向……”，故选D项。

1．concentrate ... on集中精力于；全神贯注于

2．in perspective 用透视画法地

3．by coincidence 巧合地

4．a great deal 大量

5．break away from 挣脱；脱离；背离

6．scores of 许多；大量

7．on the other hand (可是)另一方面

8．be eager to do ... 渴望做……

1．by coincidence巧合地

[教材P2原句]By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.

巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。

①I don't think all these things happened by coincidence.

我认为这些事情不是凑巧发生的。

②It's_a_coincidence_that we were both on the same train.

我们碰巧在同一列火车上。

③What a coincidence! I wasn't expecting to see you here.

真巧！我没料到会在这里见到你。

[活学活用]

What_a_coincident_(it_is)_! The girl is also called Diana.(coincidence)

多巧呀！这位女孩也叫戴安娜。

2．a great/good deal大量

[教材P2原句]In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.

19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。

(1)作状语，修饰动词或者形容词/副词的比较级。

①He likes to swim a great/good deal.

他非常喜欢游泳。

②I think he sang a great deal better than I.

我认为他唱得比我好多了。

[点津]可修饰比较级的单词和短语还有：a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, a lot, any, still, even等。

(2)作主语或宾语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

③A great deal has_been_studied and this is the best way.

经过大量研究后，这(被认为)是最好的办法。

④The researchers have researched a great deal and they believe this is right.

研究人员已经做了大量的研究，他们认为这是对的。

(3)和of连用修饰不可数名词。

⑤There is a great deal of sense in what you say.

你的话颇有道理。

3．on the other hand (可是)另一方面(常与on the one hand对应使用)

[教材P3原句]On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.

而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。

①I'd like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money.

我想出去吃，但是另一方面我又应该努力省钱。

②Nuclear power is relatively cheap. On_the_other_hand,_you could argue that it's not safe.

核能相对来说比较便宜。另一方面，你又会争论说它不安全。

我想住在这家宾馆，一则它靠近海边，二则花费少。

[点津]on the one hand ...on the other hand ...一般指相反或相对的两个方面，前一个the 可以省略，但后一个the不能省略。for one thing ... for another (thing) ...常陈述情况一致的两个方面，用于解释原因，表列举。

Ⅰ.选词填空

by coincidence，on the other hand，concentrate on，break away from，a great deal 1．They ________________ the national union and set up their own local organization.

2．________________，I met my favorite pop star at the airport yesterday.

3．The parents wanted to go for a ride, and ________________，the children wanted to stay home and play with their friends.

4．To make more money, we must ________________ developing our foreign trade.

5．It was said that she had been married to a man ________________ older than her.

答案：1.broke away from 2.By coincidence 3.on the other hand 4.concentrate on 5.a great deal

Ⅱ.多项选择

1．It took them ________ time to finish the challenging task.

A．a number of B．a lot

C．a great deal of D．a good many

解析：选C。由被修饰词time可知，此处应该用a great deal of。a number of只修饰可数名词复数；a lot后应加介词of再接可数名词复数或不可数名词；D项后接可数名词复数。

2．________，I met the person the next day whom we had discussed at the meeting.

A．By accidents B．By coincidence

C．By a chance D．By mistake

解析：选B。by coincidence为固定搭配，意思是“巧合地”。by accident“偶然地”，A项中的accidents应该去掉s；by chance“碰巧；凑巧”，C项中应该去掉a；by mistake“错误地”，与题意不符。句意：真巧，第二天我就遇见了我们在会上讨论的那个人。

3．On the one hand, we should develop our economy, ________ we should protect the environment.

A．on the other hand B．hand in hand

C．on the contrary D．by hand

解析：选A。考查短语辨析。句意：一方面，我们要发展经济，另一方面，我们应该保护环境。B项“手拉手”；C项“相反”；D项“用手工”，均不符合语境。on the other hand 表示“另一方面”，符合语境。

4．Many states tried to ________ the Union after Lincoln was elected because they were afraid Lincoln would end slavery.

A．break away from B．keep up with

C．get away with D．look up to

解析：选A。句意：当林肯当选总统时，许多州想摆脱联邦，因为他们担心林肯会终止奴隶制。break away from“摆脱”，符合题意。

1．[句型展示]By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.

巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。

[典例背诵]

The 2014 World Horticultural Exposition will be held in Qingdao, which makes me excited.

2014年世界园艺博览会将在青岛举办，这使我很兴奋。

2．[句型展示]Without the new paints and the new technique, we would_not_be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.

如果没有这些新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就看不到这个时期的许多杰作了。

[典例背诵]

Without Ding Ning's hard work, she would not win the 2011 Women's World Cup.

如果没有丁宁的辛苦训练，她就不会获得2011年女子乒乓球世界杯冠军。

3．[句型展示]Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.

在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。

[典例背诵]

Next to the president Hu Jintao stood Sarkzy in the G20 Summit meeting in 2011.

在2011年二十国集团峰会上萨科齐站在胡锦涛主席的旁边。

4．[句型展示]The Impressionists were_the_first_painters_to_work outdoors.

印象派画家是第一批在户外写生的画家。

[典例背诵]

Guo Meimei is the first beautiful girl to show off wealth online.

郭美美是在网上炫富的第一位美女。

1．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style_of_painting_were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.

在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。

本句为完全倒装句。正常语序为：The Impressionists were among the painters ...其中who broke away from the traditional style of painting为定语从句，修饰the painters; who lived and worked in Paris为定语从句，修饰the Impressionists。

完全倒装句的使用情况如下：

(1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且谓语为be, lie, stand, come等系动词或不及物动词时。

①Among the guests is the person you are looking for.

你找的人在客人中。

②Under the tree sits a beautiful girl.

树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。

(2)地点副词(here, there)、方位副词(up, out, in, down)及时间副词(now, then)等位于句首，且谓语为be, go, come等系动词或不及物动词时。

③Then out rushed a pack of dogs.

接着跑出来一群狗。

[点津]在以上两种情况中，主语是代词而不是名词时，主谓不倒装。

④The door opened and in he came.

门开了，他走了进来。

(3)形容词短语/分词短语位于句首，为强调表语或保持句子结构平衡时。

⑤Gone are_the_days when we lived a poor life.

我们过贫穷生活的日子一去不复返了。

2．The Impressionists were the_first_painters_to_work_outdoors.

印象派画家是第一批在户外写生的画家。

该句中的不定式短语to work outdoors作后置定语，修饰the first painters。

(1)在序数词，the last, the next, the only和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。

①He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

他总是第一个来，最后一个走。

②He is the only man to know the truth.

他是唯一知道真相的人。

③Jerry was the third person to_receive_the_letter.

Jerry是第三个收到信的人。

(2)在time, way, chance, ability, promise等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。

④The chance to go for a picnic has been ruined.

我们去野餐的机会毁了。

⑤The_best_way_to_travel is to take a train.

最好的旅行方式是坐火车。

完成句子

1．Among the tall trees lay_a_small_factory a few years ago. (lie)

几年前丛林之中有一家小工厂。

2．The best way to_solve_the_problem is to turn to our teachers for help.(solve)

解决此问题的最好办法是请求我们的老师帮忙。

3．A park has been built in what_was_a_factory 10 years ago.(be)

在十年前曾是一个工厂的地方已经建起了一座公园。

4．I opened the door and there stood_a_beggar who was dressed in rags. (stand)

我打开门，一名衣衫褴褛的乞丐站在那儿。

5．China has launched Shenzhou Ⅸsuccessfully, which_means China has made great progress in aerospace.(which)

中国已成功发射了“神舟九号”，这意味着其在航天方面已取得了巨大进步。