路桥工程专业英语赵永平英译汉翻译
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南昌大学教材：《路桥工程专业英语》主编：赵永平；副主编：盛可鉴；人民交通出版社，2007年
学分：0.5
学时：16 周学时：2 上课周数：8
上课内容：
第一课：Highway Introduction公路概论
第二课：Asphait & Mix Asphalt沥青及沥青混合料
第三课：The Subgrade Design and Construction Technology路基设计与施工技术第四课：Freeway and it’s Accessory Facilities高速公路及附属设施
第五课：Traffic Engineering Introduction交通工程学概论
第六课：Bridge Introduction桥梁概论
第七课：Prestressed Concrete Beam Construction Technology预应力混凝土梁桥施工技术
第八课：The Bridge Testing Technology桥梁测试技术
上课方法：课堂讲解、翻译
课后训练：背单词；阅读教材并口译；
考核方法：笔试与口试结合（待定）
第一课：Highway Concept公路概论
A.Text The Highway Concept 公路概论
B.Reading Material Highway Cross Section and Pavement 道路横断面和铺装层
1.A historical note 历史回顾
The first road builders of any significance in western Europe were the Romans, to whom the ability to move quickly from one part of the Empire to another was important for military and civil reasons.
罗马人是西欧任何意义上的第一条道路的建设者，他们具有的从帝国的一个地方迅速移动到另一个地方的能力对政治军事而言都是非常重要的。
Roman roads are characterized by their linearity and, in popular perception,by their durability.
罗马道路以其直线形为特点，普遍的看法说还有他的耐久性
A good alignment was sought since this provides the most direct route and since the risk of ambush in hostile territory is reduced.
而所寻求的好的路线平面图是能在来自敌方潜在的风险降低后提高直达的道路。It was for this reason that the surface of the road was ofen elevated a meter or more above the local ground level—to provide a clear view of the surrounding country;hence the modern term “highway”.
正是由于这样的原因，道路的表面高度都会比实际地面高出一米甚至更多，这样也可以提高一个好的视野去观察周边的情况，因而这就是现代词汇“高路”的来源。The durability of such pavements is less absolute but nevertheless well exceeds anything achieved for many centuries after the fall of the Empire.
这种道路的耐久性也不是那么的绝对，但是至少在帝国倒台以后几个世纪的成就
也没能超越它。
A typical major Roman road in the UK consisted of several layers of material,increasing in strength from the bottom layers, perhaps of rubble, through intermediate layers of lime-bound concrete to an upper layer of flags or stone slabs grouted in lime. 在英国典型的主要罗马道路是由几层材料组成的，下层可能用瓦砾来提高它的强度，由石灰混凝土材料构成的中间层连系着由石板或石灰混凝土板组成的上层。
The total thickness of such a pavement would be varied according to the ground conditions. 而路面的总厚度将随不同的地面条件而改变In sound ground a thickness approaching one meter might be found; elsewhere this would be increased as necessary.
但是在接近原地面的一个路面厚度须达到接近一米的厚度，这在任何一个地方都是必须要满足的。
During the Dark Age s—and indeed well after tha t—no serious attempt was made in the UK to either maintain or replace the Roman road network, which consequently deteriorated.
在黑暗的中世纪——在这以后也是一样——英国没有采取任何措施去尝试保养或者翻新罗马道路，从而罗马道路破坏恶化。
By the end of the Middle Ages there was in practice no road system in the country.
而到了中世纪末，整个国家没有了道路交通系统成为了事实
Such routes as existed were unpaved tracks, swampy and impassable for most of the year and dusty and impassable for the remainde
仅存的道路也是未铺装的，这种道路在一年中的大多数时间是泥泞的而无法通行，其余时间也是因尘土飞扬而导致无法通行
Diversions around particularly poor lengths of road, private land or difficult topography had resulted in sinuous alignments.
但是在短距离道路上绕道可能因私人土地或者复杂地形而使道路更加蜿蜒曲折The general lawlessness combined with these characteristics to discourage all but the most determined travelers.
而一般的非法结合以上特点的道路组织了所有行人除了那些最有决心的旅行者们。
The first small change in this state of affairs was bought about by an Act of 1555 which imposed a duty on each parish to maintain its roads and to provide a Surveyor of Highways.
在英国，现状的首个改变是1555年的一次行动，这次行动要求每一个教区要对本教区的道路进行保养并且聘用专门的道路检验员
As this post was unpaid and under-resourced, and as the technical skills did not exist to match the task in hand, the obvious expectation that the post of Surveyor was unpopular and ineffective is generally correct .
但是由于这个职位是无偿的资源匮乏的，而且手头要做的工作也没有相匹配的技术支持，因而检验员一职不受欢迎和无效的明显期望是正确的。
This lack of resources remained a problem for over a century. 一个多世纪以来，这方面资源的缺乏仍然是个问题。In the latter part of the seventeenth century the first experimental lengths of turnpike road were established on the Great North
Road(now the A1 trunk road).
在十七世纪后期，第一条试验收费公路在大北路（现在的A1公路）建成Turnpiking is a toll system whereby travelers pay for the use of the road.
收费公路即是一个向道路使用者征收道路使用费用的收费系统
In the first part of the next century Parliament produced a series of Acts which enabled the establishment of Turnpike Trusts on main routes throughout the country. 就在下个世纪初期，议会产生的一系列法案就授权托拉斯在全国主要干道上建立收费公路系统
In this improved financial climate road building techniques gradually developed through the work of such pioneers as Metcalf, Telford and the eponymous Macadam. 在这种提升的金融环境条件下道路建设技术通过像德福、特福德和与麦克亚当齐名的先驱者的贡献得到缓步发展
By about 1830 a system of well –paved roads had evolved of such quality that they imposed little or no constraint on road traffic.
而在大约1830年的时候发明了一种用于铺装路面的“井”系统可以对道路交通产生很少的或几乎没有约束Journey times were limited not by the state of the road but by the nature of road vehicles.
行车的时间不仅仅受限于国家的现有道路，还受限于交通工具的性能。
The next improvement in the speed and cost of travel came about as a result of a radical change in vehicle technolog y—the building of the railways.
接下来改进的行车速度以及出行花费取决于车辆技术的彻底改革和铁路的建设The effect of this was to reduce road traffic between towns to such a low level that the turnpike system became uneconomic.
这样做的目的是在收费公路边的不经济的如此低水平的条件下尽量减少城镇与城镇之间的道路上的交通量
Although road building in towns continued, the Turnpike Trusts collapsed.
虽然城镇公路建设仍在继续，但是托拉斯的收费公路系统倒塌了
Legislation in the late nineteenth century set the scene for the current administrative arrangements for highway construction and maintenance but the technology remained empirical and essentially primitive. Only in recent years has that situation changed to any great extent.
19世纪末期的立法案却为管理安排公路的建设和养护做好了准备，但是技术都保持在原有状态，只有在近几年来情况才有很大程度的改观
2The aims of highway engineering
公路工程的目标
In order that economic activity can take place, people, goods and materials must move from place to place.
为了产生贸易经济行为，人、商品、材料都必须从一个地方运送到另一个地方
The necessary movement has to some extent always been possible, but the growth in economic activity which characterized the Industrial Revolution in eighteenth century Eng-land and which has occourred or is occurring throughout the world since then, placed demands on the transport system which in its original primitive form it
was quite unable to meet.
（此时）必要的运动在一定程度上是可能发生的，但是在作为十八世纪英格兰工业革命特点的和在此以后全球已经或者说正在发生的经济活动增长对原始形式交通系统无法满足的交通系统提出了要求
This system developed to meet the new needs much more traffic, and in this interactive way were produced canals and turnpike roads, then railways and most latterly a network of modem roads.
发展这一系统来满足新的需要更多交通量的需求，并且通过这种互动的方式产生了运河和收费公路，随后的铁路以及新近的现代道路网络系统。
The tendency is for economic growth to be concentrated in areas where transport facilities are good—fo r example the construction in the UK of a motorway network during the quarter century starting in about 1960 has increased access from formerly remote areas to the capital and to international links, and those areas have prospered. 目前的趋势是经济增长都集中在交通便捷的地方，比如说1960年开始的持续了四分之一个世纪的英国高速公路网络建设促进了偏远贫困地区与首都甚至国际都市的交流，而且这些地区都蓬勃发展起来了
In the previous century the railways had a similar effect: areas formerly several days’travel from any centers of population were, with the opening of a connecting railway , suddenly only a few hours away, and benefited as a result.
在上个世纪，铁路都有相似的作用：从一个地方到任何一个人口集中的地方需提前好几天出发，但随着铁路的出现，（几天的行程）突然变成了几个小时，人们因此而受益Roads provide a key element of the infrastructure whose function is to promote economic activity and improve the standard of living of the population.
道路提供的基础设施的一个关键是它能够提升经济活动和提高人们的生活水平Highway engineering is concerned with the best use of resources to ensure that a suitable network is provided to satisfy this need of a economically sophisticated society.
高速公路工程专注于最大限度的利用资源以确保被提供的道路交通网络能满足经济复杂社会的需求
Originally roads were little more than tracks across the countryside and were hard, dry and dusty in summer and sodden and impassable in winter.
最初的道路比乡村公路要小，而且夏天的时候坚硬、干燥，尘土飞扬；冬天的时候潮湿、不可通行，
The practice arose, initially in towns, of paving the surface of the road with resilient naturally occurring materials such as stone flags, and such a surface became known as a pavement .
（改革的）实践被激发了，最初在城镇，（人们）开始使用天然的弹性材料来铺装路面，就比如说青石板，而就是这种路面成为了众所周知的铺装层。Today this term is applied to any surface intended for traffic and where the native soil has been protected from the harmful effects of that traffic by providing an overlay of imported or treated materials.
现在，这个术语适用于那些用于交通和提供了重叠的进口或处理材料的防止交通损害的原始土基的任何路面
The purpose of providing the protection is enable traffic to move easily—and
therefore more cheaply or quickl y—along the road.
而提供保护的目的在于保证交通运行简单，使得沿路旅程更加便捷
3Highway Types 公路类型
3.1Freeway 高速公路
A freeway , as defined by statute, is a highway in respect to which the owners of abutting lands have no right or easement of access to or from their abutting lands or in respect to which such owners have only limited or restricted right or easement of access.
一条高速公路，正如相关规程定义的一样，是一条有关于毗邻土地拥有者无权或者说地役权去进入的或者说从他们的毗邻土地穿过的，或者说是有关于这样的土地主只限于或限制于进入的权利或者说地役权的高速公路。
This statutory definition also includes expressways. The engineering definitions for use in this manual are :
这个法定定义，还包括高速公路。在本手册中使用的工程的定义是：
(a)Freeway—A divided arterial highway with full control of access and with grade separations at intersections
高速公路——双向分离，完全控制出入，立体交叉的干线道路
(b)Expresswa y —An arterial highway with at least partial control of access, which may or may not be divided or have grade separations at intersections.
快速公路——部分控制出入，可能会或者不会上下行分离以及交叉口处立体交叉
3.2Controlled Access Highway 出入管制公路
In situations where it has been determined advisable by the Director or the CTC, a facility may be designated a “controlled access highway” in lieu of the designation “freeway” .
由交通管制中心领导合理定义的情境中，设施被指定用“出入管制公路”代替“高速公路”
All statutory pertaining to freeways and expressways apply to controlled access highways
所有法定的与高速公路和快速路有关的都应用到出入管制公路
3.3Conventional Highway 常规公路
A highway without control of access which may not be divided. Grade separations at intersections or access control may be used when justified at spot locations.
一条没有控制出入的公路可能不会上下行分离，但立体交叉和出入控制可能会在现场评定以后使用
3.4Highway 公路
(a)Arterial Highway—A general term denoting a highway primarily for through
traffic usually on a continuous route.
主干路——一个通用术语，表示通常是在一个连续的路线主要是通过交通的高速公路。
(b)Bypass—An arterial highway that permits traffic to avoid part or all of an
urban area
旁路——一条允许交通避免部分或全部城市交通的主干道.
(c)Divided Highway—A highway with separated roadbeds for traffic in
opposing directions.
分离式公路——一条对向车流方向上具有分离式路床的公路
(d)Major Street or Major Highway—An arterial highway with intersections at
grade and direct access to abutting property and on which geometric design and traffic control measures are used to expedite the safe movement of through traffic.
主要街道或主要公路——一条具有同一平面下的交叉口，直达通路进入邻近建筑物以及几何设计和交通管制措施都是用来提高安全出行的主干路
(e)Radial Highway—An arterial highway leading to or from an urban center.
放射路——通往城市中心，或由城市中心出外的主干路
(f)Through Street or Through Highway—Every highway or portion thereof at
the entrance to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is regulated by stop signs or traffic control signals or is controlled when entering on a separate right-turn roadway by a yield-right-of way sign.
直通大街或直通公路——每一条高速路或者其中的部分在车辆从交叉路驶入的路口被停止标志或交通控制信号管制或者当转入一个单独右行道时被优先行驶标志管制。
3.5Parkway 两旁有草木的公路
An arterial highway for noncommercial traffic, with full or partial control of access, and usually located within a park or a ribbon of park-like development.
非商业性质交通的主干道，全部或部分控制交通出入，而且一般位于公园内或者是带状公园发展地带
3.6Scenic Highway 景观公路
An officially designated portion of the State Highway System traversing areas of outstanding scenic beauty which together with the adjacent scenic corridors requires special scenic conservation treatment.
一条官方指定的与需要特殊名胜古迹保护措施的毗邻秀丽风景走廊的突出风景的国家公路系统的部分的公路
3.7Street or Road 街道和大路
(a)Cul-de-Sac Street—A local street open at one end only, with special provisions for turning around.
(b)Dead End Street—A local street open at one end only, without special provisions for turning around.
(c)Frontage Street or Road—A local street or road auxiliary to and located on the side of an arterial highway for service to abuting property and adjacent areas and for control of access.
(d)Local Street or Local Roa d— A street or road primarily for access to residence, business, or other abutting property.
(e)Toll road, Bridge or tunnel—A highway , bridge , or tunnel open to traffic only upon payment of a direct toll or fee.
Words and Expressions
of any significance：重要的；linearity：线性，直线性；
perception：感觉、观念、直觉；durability：耐久性、坚固性；
alignment：列队、结盟、路线平面图；ambush ：伏击；
hostile：敌人的、敌方的；pavement：铺石路、铺路材料；
hence：由此；rubble：毛石、块石；
lime-bound concrete：石灰土、石灰混凝土；flag：石板，flags：石板路；
swampy：潮湿的、湿而松软的；Diversions：绕路；
topography：地形、地势；sinuous：曲折的；
Act：决议、法令；parish：教区；
Surveyor：检查员、检查官员；turnpike：【历史】征收通行税的路；Parliament：议会、国会；Trusts：托拉斯；
eponymous：名字被用来给地方命名的；Macadam：麦克亚当、碎石路面；
radical：根本的、重要的；empirical：经验主义的；
essentially：本质上；primitive：原始的、原生的；
to any great extent：在很大程度上；placed：放、安置；
concentrated：集中；Prospered：繁荣；
infrastructure：基础设施；ensure：保证；
sophisticated：老练的、复杂的；Sodden：浸透了的、泡胀了的；
resilient：有弹性的；Freeway：高速公路；
statute：规程；abutting：毗邻的；
restrict：限制、禁止；easement：缓和、使用权、通行权；
access：入口；arterial highway：干线公路；
grade seprations：立体交叉；intersection：交叉口；
Expresswa y：快速公路；Express：表达、表白、特别的、快车、快递；Express mail：快递；advisable ：适当的；CTC：交通控制中心；
designated：指明的、称作；in lieu of：代、代替；
statutory：有关法令的；pertaining：与……有关系的；
Conventional：常规的；Bypass：旁路；
avoi d：回避；roadbed：路床；
expedite：加快、促进；Radial Highway：放射公路；
Through Street：直通街道；roadway：车行道；
Parkway：两旁有草地树木的大路；ribbon：丝带、带状物；
Adjacent：邻近的；corridor：走廊；
Cul-de-Sac：死胡同（法）；Provision：供应、措施、预备；
Frontage：临街屋前空地；auxiliary：辅助的、补充的；
课文翻译综合英语
The pearl 吉纳，一位穷渔夫，刚发现了一颗非常大而且非常珍贵的珍珠，准备去最近的城镇把它卖掉。他急切需要钱给刚给蝎子螫伤的孩子看病。吉纳发现珍珠前，他---一位可以看病的医生拒绝给孩子治病，因为吉纳付不起治疗费。 一个小镇就像个集群动物，有神经系统头肩膀和肢。它与其他城镇不想连。因此没有两座城镇是相似的。城镇里还有完整的感情。要知道消息是怎样传遍整个小镇的可是个难解之谜。消息传得似乎比小男孩冲出去告诉别人的速度还快，比女人隔着篱笆大声说消息的速度还要快。? 在吉纳胡安纳和其他渔夫回到吉纳的茅草屋前，小镇的神经正随着消息--吉纳发现了世界上最大的珍珠--传播而奔腾，跳动。跑得气喘吁吁的小男孩还没说出这个消息，母亲们早已知晓了。消息席卷而过茅草屋，激起波浪泡沫，然后冲进镇里的石头灰泥瓦房里。消息传到正在花园里散步的牧师，他的眼中露出若有所思的表情，他想起教堂的有些地方该维修了，他纳闷珍珠值多少钱。他想知道是否为吉纳的婴儿施过洗礼，或是否主持过他的结婚仪式。消息传到零售商那儿的时候，他们看着卖的不太好的男式衣服。?? 消息传到医生那儿的时候，他正在给一位妇人看病，这位夫人的疾病其实就是“年龄太老的问题”，尽管他们两人都不承认这点。弄清楚谁是吉纳后，医生变得严肃认真而又明智起来。医生说，“他是我的一个病人，我在给他的孩子治疗被蝎子螫伤的伤口。”眼珠在肿眼泡的眼眶内转来转去，医生想起巴黎，想起那他住过的既宽敞又豪华的房间。越过他的老年病人，医生仿佛看见自己坐在巴黎的一家餐馆，男侍者正在打开酒瓶。 消息早早地传到了教堂前乞讨者，他们咯咯地高兴地笑着，因为他们知道没有比突然
英译汉段落翻译1
Paradox of Our Times We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time; we have more degrees, but less common sense; more knowledge, but less judgment; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness. We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk too much, love too little and lie too often. We’ve learned how to make a living, but not a life; we’ve added years to life, not life to years. We have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrow viewpoints. We spend more, but have less; we buy more, but enjoy it less. We’ve been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet the new neighbor. We’ve conquered outer space, but not inner space. We’ve split the atom, but not our prejudice; we write more, but learn less; plan more, but accomplish less. We’ve learned to rush, but not to wait; we have higher incomes, but lower morals. We build more computers to hold more information, to produce more copies, but have less communication. We are long on quantity, but short on quality. These are the times of fast foods and slow digestion; tall men and short character; steep profits and shallow relationship. More leisure and less fun; more kinds of food, but less nutrition; two incomes but more divorce; fancier houses, but broken homes.
《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】
第10章Division（拆译法） 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题：在哪里拆分，怎样拆分，新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么，以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words（拆译单词） It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中，如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来，就可以把该单词抽取出来，并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下： 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词； 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法，使译文流畅、通顺；
综合英语(一)课文及翻译
Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.
专八英译汉段落翻译完整版 中英文对照
My First Job When I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume. But the limit was reached one Tuesday — my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my emplo yer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this. On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute,” said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up. I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for a quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order. This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up and said to the boss: “Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday?” I have never seen a man look m ore astonished than he did then. “What do you mean?” he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham. He looked at me as if I were some unusual kind f insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. “Go out and get another boy,” he yelled at a shop-assistant. “Are you going to deliver them or not?” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone. I repeated what I had said before. “Then, out of here,” he shouted. So I got out. This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer.
综合英语 1 课后翻译答案精编版
Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题作好了准备。（confront） He has prepared answers to the questions that he may confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，使我们几乎哭出声来。（touch） His sad experience touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步，有说有笑。(hand in hand) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后，他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。(well up) When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.女儿再三请求到国外去深造，他最终让步了。（give in to） He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。（lock away） We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.虽然咱们分手了，但我希望咱们依然是好朋友，像以前一样互相关心，互相帮助。(part) Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we used to. 10.在紧急关头，军长召集全体军官开会，制定新的克敌战略战术。（summon） At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期3天的友好访问。（head） A government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa yesterday, starting a three-day friendly visit to the country. 2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。（awfully funny） It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills. 3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。（show on a screen） Computers are one of the most useful teaching tools, for all your lessons as well as all the questions and all the answers can be shown on a screen. 4.张利的母亲前天突然病倒，他赶紧派人请来医生。（send for） Zhang Li’s mother fell ill the day before yesterday, so he sent for a doctor immediately.
商务英语翻译
湖北省高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲 课程名称：商务英语翻译课程代码：05355 第一部分课程性质与目标 一、课程性质与特点 商务英语翻译是湖北省高等教育自学考试商务英语专业（专科）的一门专业基础课。该课程实践性强，注重专业知识，以课文的英译汉为主要内容，配以翻译理论和互译技巧的讲解，将英语学习与商务专业知识、英汉翻译理论与商务方面的实际应用等有机结合。本课程具备科学性，典型性，实用性，并紧扣全国国际商务专业技术资格考试中的规定的相关内容，理论联系实际，针对性强。 二、课程目标及基本要求 本课程较全面的涉及到了商务英语活动的各方面，讲解相关内容的翻译方法与技巧，增强翻译技能，通过大量全真的英汉互译的实例训练以达到提高本专业学生在专业英语及商务知识方面的翻译能力的目的。 通过本课程的学习，使学生能够全面、灵活地运用各种翻译方法和技巧，准确、完整地对各种商务英语体裁的文章进行翻译，达到商务英语专业大学专科的要求。 三、与本专业其他课程的关系 商务英语翻译课程的前期课程有综合英语（上）、商务英语听说、商务英语阅读、商务英语写作等课程，其后续课程是综合英语（下）、商务函电等课程，这些课程紧密联系，相辅相成。 第二部分考核内容与考核目标 第一单元 一、学习目的与要求 通过本单元的学习，使学生了解翻译的过程，翻译的形式及其目的；掌握《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的有关内容；对国际商务合同的术语翻译和解读。 二、考核知识点与考核目标 （一）翻译中的词类转换；翻译的形式（重点） 理解：词类转换： 1.英语名词转化为汉语动词 1)动物名词的转化 2)人体名词的转换 3)自然现象名词的转化 4)地点名词的转化 2.英语名词转为为汉语形容词、副词 应用：翻译的形式 (1)直译literal translation (2)意译free translation (3)活译dynamic equivalence translation
经典英文段落翻译__英译汉15篇
1.意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。 The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangz hou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products. 2.在设备制造期间，雇主的代表有权对根据合同提供的全部工程设备的材料和工艺进行检查、研究和检验，同时检查其制造进度。这一切应在工作时间内于承包商的工厂里进行。如果工程设备正在其它第三方工厂制造，承包商应为卖方代表获得他能在该工厂进行此类检查、研究和检验的许可。此类检查、研究或检验不应解除承包商在合同中的任何义务。 The Employer’s representative shall be entitled during manufacture to inspect, examine and test the materials and workmanship and check the progress of manufacture of all Plants to be supplied under the Contract. This shall take place on the Contractor’s promises during working hours. If the plant is being manufactured on other premises, the Contractor shall obtain permission for the Employer’s representative to carry out such inspection, examination and testing on those premises. 3. 雇主或项目经理提交给承包商的雇主的图纸，技术规格以及其它资料仍应为雇主的财产。除非是为了合同的需要，未经雇主同意，承包商不得使用、复制这些材料或将之传递给第三方。 承包商应对承包商的图纸中的任何错误或遗漏负责，除非他们可归因与雇主或项目经理提供的不正确的雇主图纸或其它书面资料。项目经理对承包商的图纸的批准不应解除本款规定的承包商的任何责任。 The Employe r’s drawings, specification and other information submitted by the Employer or the Project Manager to the Contractor shall remain the property of the Employer. They shall not, without the consent of the Employer, be used, copied or communicated to a third party by the Contractor unless necessary for the purposes of the Contract. The Contractor shall be responsible for any errors or omissions in the Contractor’s Drawings unless they are due to incorrect Employer’s Drawings or other written information supplied by the Employer or the Project Manager. Approval by the Project Manager of the Contractor’s drawings shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility under this Sub-Clause. 4.工程监护：在工程开始后，但在完工移交前，已完工的工程及留在工地的材料、
英译汉教程Unit 4 conversion 课后习题答案
Unit 4 Conversion（转换法）Drills 4.1.1a. 16. 绝不允许违反这个规则。 17．我无意让这件事是你厌烦。 18．激光视近年来最为轰动的成就之一，因为激光可以应用于许多科学领域，也适合于各种实际用途。 19．关切保护公共财物，应不限于仅防止盗窃与破坏。 20．我们反对一切侵略战争。 21．屠杀共和党人的事件，以及随之颁布的取缔报刊和结社权利的九月法令，都是他一手干出来的。 22．难怪老一辈的许多人见了这个就会想起三十六年前的往事。 23．必须明确承认国与国之间平等的原则。 24．这一发现开创了空气静力学这一门学科。 25．这样的岩石最适宜储存地下水。 26．这家商店有多种鞋帽可供选购。 27．总统竭力主张大大扩大导弹和空间计划。 28．要不是我能干重活，早就给辞退了。 29．两位领导人就中美关系和国际事务认真、坦率地交换了意见。 30．海洋法条约的谈判，经过六年的审议，实际上已与上周结束了。 31．演讲者号召人们打到帝国主义，消灭人剥削人的制度，解放中国和受压迫者。 32．从事诸如武装进攻、海上封锁和向武装恐怖分子集团提供援助之类的行动，都被认为是一种侵略。 33．第三代电子电路是沿着晶体管的发展趋势发展起来的。 34．本文结尾讨论了使用数学力学模型来研究地质构造成因的重要性。 35．这个王宫综合了不同时期的不同建筑风格。 36．这表示承认你个人的资格及贵国为国际合作所做的贡献。 37．每个国家需要什么来保卫自己的安全，只有它自己才能做出做好的决定。 38．人群一看见贵宾的车队，就关乎起来了。 39．要交流世界各国文化，就必须学习外语。 40．使用原子武器显然违反国际法。 41．他们慢慢地顺着北冰洋沿岸航行，一路仔细观察。 42．该国再三企图把这条原则说成是宣传花招。 43．晶体管是最近才发展起来的。 44．我们只有充分发挥人的主动性，才能更好地利用机器来改造自然。 Drills 4.1.1 b (1)加注S（主）或O（宾）并翻译。 1.我回忆布朗先生。O 2.林肯遇刺。O 3.他的记忆力很差。S 为纪念他而立的碑。O
实用综合英语第一册翻译答案说课讲解
实用综合英语第一册复习题 Ⅰ、单选 1. USA Today is known as America’s newspaper and is _______ to all 50 states. A. contributed B. distributed C. attributed D. tributed 2. The aim of the newspaper is to ________ its readers ________ all the information they need to successfully run their businesses. A. supply… with B. supply… to C. supply… for D. supply… as 3. The New York Times is an American daily newspaper ________ in New York City. A. feature B. supply C. published D. distinguish 4. About half of the museums in the USA ____________ history. A. are divided to B. are divided in C. are devoted to D. are devoted in 5. Scientists believe they may have discovered the secret of why women ________ to live longer than men. A. intend B. intends C. tends D. tend 6. Mary is interested in politics and always ______________ the latest news. A. keep in touch with B. keep from C. keep up with D. keep on with 7. Many newspapers __________ advertisement support for their survival. A. depend on B. depend in C. rely in D. rely on 8. We found ______ difficult for us to describe the details. A. he B. this C. that D. it 9. Louise Brown, ______ in England, is the world’s first test tube baby. A. bear B. was born C. born D. bearing 10. People _____ in cities can enjoy more of modern life A. live B. living C. lived D. are living 11. Companies trying to sell and products know that product research plays a vital role in sales success. A. buy B. deliver C. promote D. collect 12. conducting a survey about people’s favorite foods, they formed a special team. A. For the purpose of B. From the purpose of C. In order to D. With a purpose of 13. Consider how your lifestyle would change if your income by 50-60%. A. go down B. take down C. went down D. took down 14. Our project is designed to provide students with an opportunity to earn additional income and experience in their area of interest.
全国商务英语翻译统一考试
英译汉 China has pulled out all the stops to get the 2008 Olympic Games after a heartbre aking loss to Sydney for 2000. State media here have steadily promised a world-beatin g Game at a cost of $20 to $40 billion. Yet such triumphal tones are now giving way t o a more modest depiction of the 2008 enterprise. One former Chinese official, speakin g on terms of anonymity, stated that, “It goes against the Chinese tradition of modest y for us to brag about our games. We need to ensure the quality of materials is high. That's been the problem in our past. It isn't just the c ost. But this plan does cost a lot, and we need to be practical.” Beijing secured the 2008 Olympics after a hard-fought competition with Paris and Toronto. For China, snagging the Olympics was not only a matter of prestige but of int ernational respect. More important, as a Security Council member and a rising power i n Asia, the victory brought confidence that China would now be able to show the worl d its efficient central-planning system and its new technocratic class of savvy organizati onal managers who would put on a world-class games. Still, despite continued hopes for private-sector contributions, the financing side of the games remains largely state-run. The principal partners are state-owned enterprise s: The Bank of China, Air China, and China Netcom. Volkswagen has signed on, howev er, as has General Electric and McDonald''s. Asia''s booming initial-public-offering market is a sure sign that solid economic recov ery is growing deeper roots. The rush to list shares on the region''s stockmarkets signa ls that Asia''s entrepreneurs are back in the game. And it''s not all internet company fe ver, though there''s plenty of that; companies in many industries are lining up to issu e shares. In Hong Kong China, eight companies have listed on the Growth Enterprise Marke t, which opened in late November. The latest to join GEM, China Data Broadcast Holdin gs, rose 310% on its first day of trading on January 24. As in the United States, stoc k valuations sometimes don''t make much sense to traditional-minded investors. But th e stockmarket isn''t about making sense, it''s about making money.
翻译 中英对译 英文散文赏析
原文 巷 柯灵译者-张培基 巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画①。这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面②。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她③，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折, 什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的 斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴 的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。春来 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁， 你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀⑩。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自 己的一本哀乐帐， 使人忘忧。 译文 The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity①.
a small the lane, a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance long time.③ The does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it will take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems ⑤when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, you’ll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillness there⑥. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the , which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, ⑧waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians. The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenity. No matter who you are, if you in the lane for a while⑨, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness⑩. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries.