2014年高考新课标卷英语科考试说明

2014年高考新课标卷英语科考试说明和考试大纲

I. 关于考试要求的说明

一、语言知识

要求考生了解和掌握《普通高中英语课程标准（实验〉》附录中所列出的各项内容，包括语音项目、语法项目、功能意念项目、话题项目和词汇。

二、语言运用

1. 听力

听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。该部分要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨和要义

任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需自己去归纳、概括。

（2）获取事实性的具体信息

为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白主旨必不可少的内容，也常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。

（3）对所听内容作出简单推断

话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话语含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用，对这些背景知识的推断能力在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。

（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度

一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或是提出或回答问题，阐述自己的想法，或是表明自己的态度或意见，对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。有时，说话者的意图或观点是明说出来的，有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。

2. 阅读理解

阅读文章是我国考生接触外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨和要义

任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时，文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间进行推断。这类试题主要考査考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。

（2）理解文中具体信息

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义

正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。

（4）作出简单判断和推理

阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即作者所要传达的信息。在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据文章

提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。

（5）理解文章的基本结构

英语文章讲究使用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章开头，简要概括文章的中心思想，主题句可能在一段的开头，也可能在中间或末尾，作用是交代该段的中心思想，再由全段展开或讨论这个意思。各个段落通常由某些起连接作用的词语连接，以使文章行文连贯。如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。

(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度

每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

3. 写作

写作是四项语言技能中不可分割的一个重要部分，更是语言生成能力的重要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。考生应能：

(1) 准确使用语法和词汇

语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接或问接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容。

(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思

任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，借助一些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。

II. 关于考试形式与试卷结构的说明

试卷由第I卷和第II卷组成。第I卷包括第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节，为选择题。第II卷包括第三部分的第二节和第四部分，为非选择题。

第一部分听力

本部分共两节，测试考生理解英语口语的能力。

第一节：共5小题，每小题1.5分。要求考生根据所听到的5段简短对话，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段录音材料仅读一遍。

第二节：共15小题，每小题1.5分。要求考生根据所听到的5段对话或独白，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳选项。每段录音材料读两遍。

听力考试进行时，考生将答案标在试卷上；听力部分结束后，考生有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

本部分所需时间约为20分钟。

第二部分阅读理解

本部分共分两节，测试考生阅读理解书面英语的能力。

第一节：共15小题，每小题2分。要求考生根据所提供短文的内容〔不少于900词），从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。

第二节：共5小题，每小题2分。在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。

本部分所需时间约为35分钟。

第三部分语言知识运用

本部分共分两节，考査考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。

第一节：共20小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

第二节：共10小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于3个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式。

本部分所需时间约为30分钟。

第四部分写作

本部分共两节，测试考生的书面表达能力。

第一节：满分10分。本题给出一篇约100个单词的短文，文中有10处错误，错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错即将其改正。

第二节：满分25分。要求考生根据所给情景，用英语写一篇100 个单词左右的短文。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。

本部分所需时间约为35分钟。

试卷题目数、计分和时间安排如下：

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During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them

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