油封、机械密封、旋转轴漏油、唇形密封圈新材料、石棉纸防油材料 漏油工艺整体设计规划

Influence of an applied electric field on the torque of rotary lip seals on metal shafts. Part II: Effects of oil type

Tribology International

The experimental results are presented of research on the tribocharging of selected engine oils and on the effect of an auxiliary external DC electric field on the work of rotary machinery. There exists an effect of the type of oil, its temperature, and the electric field on the braking torque of rotating parts such as shafts, crankshafts, etc. sealed with lip seals. The research was especially aimed at the possibility of reduction in the torque under external electric fields for different engine oils. To obtain the auxiliary electric field the DC voltage was applied between the stiffening ring of a fluorocarbon lip seal and the rotating, earthed shaft in the metal shaft–oil film–lip seal system. The measurements of the torque were performed under steady state conditions for given different oil temperatures, angular shaft velocities, and voltages; also three different oils were used. It was found that for the lip seal under test the negative voltage applied produced a beneficial effect on the torque depending on the type of oils.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Research facility and procedure

3. Results of experiments

3.1. Materials tested

3.2. Measurements

3.3. Results and their discussion

3.3.1. Oil A

3.3.2. Oil B

3.3.3. Oil C

3.4. Physical interpretation of the results

3.4.1. Without the external DC electric field

3.4.2. With the external DC electric field

4. Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

金属件油封油的类型分类与密封工艺选择

Tribocharging in a rotating shaft–oil–seal system and the effect of an external electric field

Journal of Electrostatics

旋转件-冷却油-油封系统和密封效果分析扩展到外部环境研究

The results are shown of tests on the effect of an auxiliary external DC electric field on the braking torque of a rotating shaft. Experiments were carried out on a simplified model of an engine in whose interior a metal shaft rotated with given angular velocities. The shaft was lubricated with different oils producing an oil film between the shaft's surface and a lip seal. The influence of different oil temperatures on the braking torque was also examined. The results are presented here for fresh Polish oil LOTOS 15W40 and a lip seal diameter of 88 mm. An increase in the negative DC voltage applied between the shaft and stiffening ring of the lip seal caused a reduction in braking torque.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Description of experiments

2.1. Experimental set-up

2.2. Materials tested

2.3. Experimental procedures and conditions

2.4. Experimental results and discussion

3. Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Influence of an applied electric field on the torque of rotary lip seals on metal shafts. Part I: Effects of lip seal type

旋转轴密封圈的类型选择方法配套表电力拖动与工业传动领域金属工件漏油预防的常用设计

Tribology International

The paper presents some results of experiments on the tribocharging of selected engine oil and on the effect of an auxiliary external DC electric field on the work of machines which contain rotating parts such as shafts, crankshafts, etc. The research was especially aimed at the braking torque of a rotating metal

shaft sealed with a lip seal and a possibility of reduction in the torque under external DC electric fields. DC voltage was applied between the stiffening ring of four different lip seals under test and a rotating, earthed shaft in a metal shaft-oil film-lip seal system. The relationships of the torque to the voltage of positive and negative polarities were established on the basis of measurements of the torque under steady-state conditions for a constant oil temperature and given different angular shaft velocities. In general, it was found that positive and negative DC electric fields produce adverse effects on the torque depending on the type of oils and on the material of which the lip seals were made. In only one case, the torque decreased with the increasing absolute value of the negative voltage applied.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Experimental methods and set-up

2.1. Methods

2.2. Experimental set-up

3. Results of experiments

3.1. Materials tested and experimental procedure

3.2. Experimental results and discussion

3.2.1. Black 85 mm diameter fluorocarbon lip seal

3.2.2. Brown 85 mm diameter fluorocarbon lip seal

3.2.3. Black 88 mm diameter fluorocarbon lip seal

3.3. Summary

4. Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Tribocharging in a rotating shaft–oil–lip seal system for different engine base oils, additive, and their blends

Journal of Electrostatics

The paper presents the results of experiments on tribocharging of different mineral, semisynthetic, and synthetic base oils and their blends with additives. An antiwear additive ZDDP (zinc dialkyldithiophosphate) is tested when added to base oils in different percentages by weight. Experiments are carried out on the specially built experimental facility to be a simplified model of an engine crankcase in whose interior an earthed metal shaft rotates at given angular velocities. The potential of a stiffening ring of a lip seal is measured directly with an electrometer. The potential is a measure of tribocharging in a rotating shaft–oil–lip seal system, friction junction, and especially between both interfaces: shaft surface–oil and oil–lip of a lip seal. The experimental results are presented in the form of some characteristics that are relationships of the potential induced in the stiffening ring with oil's temperature for different angular shaft's velocities and additives, contents. The oil's temperature ranges from 60 to 110 °C and is controlled automatically. The angular velocities of a shaft used are 500 and 1500 rpm. The additive contents in the blends with different base oils are 0.1 and 0.2%. The pure base oils of all the types and some lip seals are also examined. Moreover, the influence of an external DC electric field applied between the earthed shaft and the stiffening ring on the braking torque of the shaft is examined for a range of temperatures of the pure oils and their blends with the additive used, angular velocities, and additive contents. The electric field is produced while applying the high DC voltage of both polarities between the shaft and the ring. The absolute value of the voltage is in a range from 500 to 1500 V.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Test stands, materials tested, and measurements

2.1. Experimental set-up and measuring systems

2.2. Materials tested and measurement procedure

2.3. Uncertainty of the braking torque and potential

3. Experimental and interpretation of results

3.1. Natural charging

3.2. DC external electric field

4. Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Analysis of flow field around a ribbed helix lip seal

In this study, a direct numerical simulation model has been developed to elucidate the pumping mechanism of a radial lip seal with helical ribs. The flow field around the contact region between the seal lip and the shaft surface in the environment of a pumping-rate test rig, where both air and oil sides are filled with oil initially, was simulated. The streamline pattern and pressure field around the seal lip were examined. Complicate three-dimensional streamline topology was depicted. On the air side, high pressures built up on the windward faces of ribbed helices next to the lip helping to pump oil back to the sump. The vortex generated next to the lip on the oil side rotates such to create an inward pumping effect too. The pumping rates were calculated at shaft speeds, ranging from 2000 to 6000 rpm, and compared to the measured values from the test rig. Good agreement was observed. Both calculated and measured pumping rates increase as the shaft speed increases. The current results demonstrate the promising application of CFD in the design of radial lip seals.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Experimental apparatus and test specimen

3. Theoretical analysis

3.1. Model

3.2. Fluid mechanics of sealing flow for a ribbed helix lip seal

4. Results and discussion

5. Conclusions

References

Interpretation of the results of research on tribocharging in a rotating shaft–oil–lip seal system

旋转工件-油料-唇形密封系统的机理及其效用/工作效果分析阐述

A rotating shaft, rotary lip seal, and oil creating a film between the surfaces of a shaft and of a lip of the seal sets up a system, which is relatively simple geometrically, but complex physically and electrochemically. Such a system is characteristic of all machinery, engines, etc. where rotating parts and seals occur. In the experiments and tests performed to date different real commercial motor oils, original base oils, additives to base oils (antiwear and extreme pressure additives), lip seals, and shafts with different roughness have been used for a range of oil temperatures and shaft angular velocities. Tribocharging in the interfacial system: rotating shaft–oil–lip seal (the friction junction) is observed and analysed. Other experiments were performed to compensate for the electric field generated in the system applying an external DC electric field and to find its effect on friction and the braking torque of the shaft. The results show that tribocharging can exert influence on the braking torque of a rotating shaft. The reduction of the braking torque under the action of an external DC electric field is also observed. The similar experiments are repeated with the use of pure base oils and additives including zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). Tribocharging is evident in the case of pure base oils and when these are blended with ZDDP. The external DC electric field also reduces the braking torque while applying the DC voltage to the system. Here the authors try to interpret the former and last research results in their physical aspect and to answer some questions.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Experimental procedure and materials

2.1. Measurement method

2.2. Materials tested

2.3. Measurement conditions and errors

3. Discussion and interpretation of research results

3.1. Pure base oils

3.2. Base oil–ZDDP blends

3.3. Formulated oil

4. Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Influence of the roughness model on the thermoelastohydrodynamic performances of lip seals

In this study, a realistic modeling of lip seals and a TEHD analysis are used to show the influence of the mathematical roughness models of the lip surface on such features as power loss, minimum thickness of the lubricant, reverse pumping, temperature, etc. In the three cases examined, the results show that the TEHD characteristics of the lip seal are highly influenced by the roughness model used to represent the irregularities of the lip surface.

Article Outline

Nomenclature

1. Introduction

2. Model description

3. Hypotheses and equations

4. Finite element formulation of the global TEHD stationary problem

5. Numerical algorithm

6. Results and conclusions

References

Vitae

密封圈材料、粗糙度等参数和形式规范工作效果和漏油治理的性能

Flow analysis of a ribbed helix lip seal with consideration of fluid–structure interaction

考虑液体/结构件之间相互作用的漏油分析流体与唇形密封件工艺及其使用设计Computers & Fluids

Ribbed helix lip seals for rotating shafts have been widely used to retain oil and exclude contaminants in many applications throughout the industry. The objective of this study is to better understand the basic flow behavior associated with the pumping process of a ribbed helix lip seal. The theoretical model consists of a flow analysis of the lubricating film of the hydraulic fluid in conjunction with a stress analysis of the lip seal distortion. The complicated mechanical interaction between the oil flow and rubber

deformation was simulated using a coupled fluid–structure approach implemented in a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ESI-CFD, ACE+?. The flow characteristics and rubber deformation around a ribbed helix lip seal were fully resolved in a pumping-rate test environment, where both air and oil sides were filled with oil initially. The three-dimensional pressure field solved by the model via the coupled flow-stress analysis was compared with the predictions obtained from the model via the nondeformable rubber assumption to elucidate the significant effect of the fluid–structure interaction on accurate simulation of the oil pumping behavior. In the rotating speed ranging from 1000 to 6000 rpm, both measured and calculated pumping rates increase with the shaft speed for a ribbed helix lip seal. As compared to the baseline case, calculations with considering the fluid–structure interaction at higher rotary speeds can result in thicker oil films, and in turn produce greater pumping rates.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Seal model and experimental apparatus

3. Theoretical formulation

5. Results and discussion

6. Conclusions

References

Simulation and experimentation on the contact width and pressure distribution of lip seals

非均布压力条件下唇形密封件的仿真与实验密封件开发设计漏油工艺技术改进

The relative motion between two mated parts of machinery always generates heat from friction. The lubricant serves as a medium not only to reduce the friction but also to enhance heat dissipation. In order to contain the lubrication oil, lip seal is a most frequent sealing part used in these applications. This paper aims to study the contact width and contact pressure of the seal lip under the various interference fits between the shaft and seal. The contact force associated with the pressure was used to estimate the generated heat due to friction. Thereby, this frictional heat flux was employed to analyze the temperature distribution within the rubber seal. According to the temperature distribution, the thermal deformation of the seal and the concern of material ageing can be examined. Since the use of a seal with a shaft under

allowable dimension tolerance is foreseeable, the fit with different degree of interference was investigated. On the other hand, a simple apparatus to measure the width and pressure on the contact lip zone under different diameters of shaft was designed and fabricated. The contact width and contact pressure were distilled from the press mark of a pressure-sensitive film. The measurements were used to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed set up.

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Finite-element analysis

3. Experimental measurements

4. Results and discussions

4.1. The contact pressure at different interferences

4.2. The temperature distribution due to the friction heat

4.3. The effect of thermal deformation on the contact pressure

5. Experimental measurements on the contact pressure

6. Conclusions

References

Effect of 3D lip deformations on elastohydrodynamic lip seals behaviour

A transient finite element cavitation algorithm with application to radial lip seals

流体力学有限元法在唇形密封件上的应用于设计计算

An unsteady mixed soft EHL model, with application to a rotary lip seal

橡胶/硅胶密封件/材料的软结构非稳定模型在旋转轴上的应用

电动滚筒

漏油

密封

环境

污染

气孔

气帽

唇形密封圈

旋转轴

Electric drum

Oil

Seal

Environment

Pollution

Stoma

Gas cap

Lip seals

Axis of rotation

高温漏油故障与滚筒的工作环境治理国际论文汇编

277 articles found for: pub-date > 1999 and tak(((Electric drum) or (Lip seals) or (Axis of rotation) or (Gas cap)) and (Oil or Seal or Environment or Pollution or Stoma))