专业英语复习材料

专业英语复习材料
专业英语复习材料

复习材料:

(一)词汇部分:

1.卡车零担:less-than-truck load

2.交通拥堵:traffic congestion拥塞

3.城市交通系统:urban transportation system

4.智能交通系统:Intelligent transportation systems

5.全球定位系统:Global positioning systems

6.交通运输研究委员会:transportation research board

7.公交运输:mass群众的transportation

8.北美自由贸易协定:North American Free Trade Agreement

9.人工智能技术:artificial人造的[,ɑ:ti'fi??l]intelligence technique

纵向动力学:longitudinal [,l?nd?i'tju:din?l]纵向的dynamics dai'n?miks] n. 动力学,力学

10.起终点矩阵:origin-destination matrix ['meitriks

11.协调机制:coordination [k?u,?:di'nei??n] mechanism ['mek?niz?m]

12.移动闭塞:moving block

13.模板匹配:template ['templit] matching

14.电子标签:electronic tags

15.闭路电视:closed circuit television

16.闯红灯:red traffic light infringement [in'frind?m?nt]违反

17.城市轨道交通:urban railway system

18.数字信号处理机:digital signal processing machines机器

19.采样频率:sampling frequency

城市货运系统:urban freight货运[freit] systems

20.都市规划组织:metropolitan [,metr?'p?lit?n大都市的planning organizations

21.神经网络:neural ['nju?r?l]神经的network

22.汽车电子标签:electronic vehicle ['vi:ikl车tagging

23.速度分布:velocity [vi'l?s?ti profile ['pr?ufail]

24.成本效益:cost-effective

25.集装箱化:containerization k?n,tein?rai'zei??n

26.回归系数:regression [ri'ɡre??n]回归coefficient[,k?ui'fi??nt]系数

27.取货与交付:pickup and delivery

28.算法设置:algorithm ['?lɡ?rie?m settings

29.推进调车:backing shunting

30.乘法结合律:associative [?'s?u?j?tiv law for multiplication m?ltipli'kei??n]乘法31.车牌:license plate

32.事故规避:accident aversion [?'v?:??n]

33.跨边界的协同能力:cross border interoperability ['int?r,?p?r?'bil?ti]

34.遵从准则:compliance criterion

35.出轨:derailment [di'reilm?nt]

36.溜放调车:fly shunting

37.在线搜索:online capture

38.基本构件:building blocks

39.绝对预测:absolute forecast

40.设备故障:equipment failure

41.地面运输系统:surface transportation system

42.离散事件仿真:discrete event simulation

43.网络体系结构:network architecture

44.并行计算:parallel ['p?r?lel]并行computing计算

45.访问控制:access control

46.原型模拟器:prototype ['pr?ut?taip] simulator ['simjuleit?] n. 模拟器

47.函数调用:function call

48.两个数量级:two orders of magnitude 'm?ɡnitju:d]

49.流程图:flow chart

50.交通环境:traffic scenarios [si'na:ri?u

(二)句子部分

1.汽油的损耗减少了1/2。

2.有些电子计算机,其运算速度比人快500 000倍。

3.这种新型发动机少损耗供给能量的10%。

4.加利福尼亚高速公路系统的PATH项目对这项工作来说是一个启发,该项目涉及了多学科知识,是一个由大学、研究机构、政府机关和私人部门共同协作的项目。

5.随着全世界范围内交通拥堵成本的增加,许多有效地控制交通问题的措施被提出,或正在经历着试验。

6.To plan for an effective freight movement system, we must consider the economic driver of freight the individual practices of shipper, carriers, and the public-in shaping the need for freight movement.

。为了制定有效的货运系统,我们必须考虑经济的货运司机的托运人,承运人的个别做法,和公众中塑造的货运需求。

7.As long as it is able to provide fast, efficient service at rates between those offered by rail and air, the motor carriage industry will continue to prosper.

7。只要它能够提供之间的铁路和航空所提供的速度快速,高效的服务,汽车运输行业将继续繁荣。

8.On the other hand, if the transport of dangerous goods cannot be efficiently organized, it might result in personal or facilities injury or in destruction of equipment. Therefore, great care should be taken in transporting dangerous goods.

8。另一方面,如果对危险货物运输不能有效地组织,它可能导致人身伤害或设施或设备的破坏。因此,应十分注意采取运输危险货物。

9.Each activity of logistics management has contribution to the level of service a company provides to its customers, although transportation’s impact on customer service is one of the most significant.

。每个物流管理活动已贡献,公司的服务水平提供给客户,虽然交通对客户服务的影响是最重要的一年。

10.Factories will not buy machines unless they believe that the machine will produce goods that they are able to sell to consumers at a price that will cover all cost.

10。工厂不会买的机器,除非他们认为,机器将生产商品,他们能够出售的价格,将覆盖所有的成本给消费者。

11.Not only do the bogies(redirector)permit the coaches to adjust themselves smoothly and easily to the curves, but with the aid of carefully designed springing they help to damp down the vibrations resulting from rapid movement along the track before these vibrations reach the coach-body.

11。不仅转向架(转发)允许教练来调整自己顺利容易的曲线,与精心设计的兴起,他们帮助平息振动,沿着轨道快速移动造成的援助,但这些振动到达之前教练体。

12.The study demonstrated the feasibility of acquiring a large body of modular knowledge each origination from a different group of domain experts and integrating these into a holistic perspective for decision support within a strategic context.

12。这项研究显示这些转化为决策支持方面在整体战略的角度来获取知识的模块化分别来自不同的领域专家小组的起源和整合大型机构的可行性

13.A rule based recognition technique is as good as the programmers ability to encapsulate sufficient of the salient features and differences in the characters of the plate to produce accurate recognition within defined operational limits.

13。识别技术为基础的规则是一样的程序员能够封装的突出特点和在板的性格差异足以产生确定的业务范围内准确识别好。

14.The two dimensional characters will only be digitized without loss of information if the sampling frequency is as least twice the minimum character stroke width.

。二维字符将仅被数字化而不丢失信息如果采样频率为至少两倍于最低笔划宽度。

15.To enhance the traffic monitoring and control facilities available throughout the corridor by developing suitable state of the art facilities on the roadside and within Traffic Information Centers.

15。以加强发展在路边,并在交通信息中心的先进设施合适的状态监测和控制的交通走廊提供的设施里。

16.The routes are important both for business and commercial traffic, they form major leisure and holiday routes, both for movements between the UK and continental Europe, and between major urban areas and coastal resorts.

16。路线都很重要商业和商业交通,他们形成的主要休闲,度假路线既为英国与欧洲大陆的动作,并在主要城市地区和沿海度假胜地。

17.Whilst such automation has in many cases brought about safety improvements, this paper highlights the need for careful assessment of appropriate automation to ensure that the skills of the human operator are maintained and that safety benefits can be developed effectively in practical applications.

虽然这种自动化已经在有关安全的改善带来了许多情况下,这个文件强调了审慎的评估,需要相应的自动化,确保了人为操作的技能维持,可开发的安全利益,在实际应用中的有效。

18.As we move into the next millennium, the role of emerging and yet-to-be discovered technology will further dictate how, when, and where goods will move.

当我们进入下一个千年之际,新兴市场和尚未到被发现的技术将进一步决定如何,何时,何地货物移动的作用。

19.这种新型发动机少损耗供给能量的10%。

20.2、这辆小轿车在路上的运行速度高达140km/h。

21.3、这辆车的运行速度大约只有40km/h。

22.4、我们已经完成了该项目的2/3。

23.5、近年新建的地铁比那条旧的长一倍。

To cope with huge Expo crowds, the city has invested heavily in traffic infrastructure to dig new Metro lines and tunnels, expand roads and renovate key facilities.

为解决交通问题,上海在交通设施方面下了大工夫,开辟了新的地铁线和隧道线,加宽了道路,改造了一些关键设施

In order to ease the city's congestion for the Olympic Games, Beijing adopted even-odd license plate method during that period.

为了缓解奥运期间的交通拥堵状况,北京在那期间采取了单双号限行措施。

6. It is within our power to build better cities and revive the civic pride of their citizens,but we shall have to stop operating on the fringe of the problem.We shall have radically to replan them to achieve a rational density of population.

这是关于如何解决城市交通拥挤的两句话。We shall have to stop operating on the fringe of the problem,按字面意义正面译成,“我们必须停止在这个问题的细枝末节上

下功夫”,不能有力地表达原义,最好逆向翻译为:我们有能力建造更好的城市,恢复市民的自豪感。但是我们必须要抓住问题的关键。我们需要彻底地重新规划城市,使城市人口密度趋于合理。

城市办公时间必须错开以缓解交通拥挤的状况。

It's a must to stagger office hours in cities so as to alleviate the congested traffic.

城市办公时间必须错开以缓解交通拥挤的状况。

The office time in urban area needs to be staggered in order to make the traffic less crowded .

交通拥挤不堪,连乘公共汽车也成了一个小小的折磨。

Traffic is so heavy that a bus ride has become a small ordeal .

只有用这种方法,我们才能更有效地解决交通拥挤问题。

Only in this way can we more efficiently solve the problem of heavy traffic . 在中国,一个有效的公共交通系统的发展有助于汽车拥有者避免交通拥挤。

The development of an efficient public transportation system in China will help car owners avoid traffic jams .

城市轨道交通已成为当今各国解决城市交通拥挤最有效的手段。

Currently, urban rail traffic has become the most effective way to solve the urban traffic jam in all of the countries .

目前,城市交通拥挤已成为各国政府一个棘手的问题。

Current , urban heavy traffic already became each country government an a Gordian knot .

我国机动车数量的迅速增加,带来了交通拥挤和事故的频繁发生。

The number of motor vehicles in China has increased rapidly , bringing traffic congestion and accident -prone .

发展城市轨道交通,缓和交通拥挤,是世界大城市都需要迫切解决的问题。

Developing urban mass transit to release traffic jams in big cities is the urgent problem that big cities all over the world are facing

通过分析交通参数与交通拥挤的关系,提出“行驶效率”与“低速行驶率”的概念;

By analyzing the relationship between the traffic parameters and the traffic congestion , the parameters for travel efficiency and low-speed rate were put forward.

一方面,许多城市交通拥挤、城市住房紧张、城市绿地面积较少、用地面积亟待扩大。

On one hand , area of greenbelt of insecurity of housing of a lot of city heavy traffic , city , city is less , accumulate with the ground expand

urgently .

随着经济的发展,交通需求不断提高,而交通管理的相对落后使得交通拥挤问题日益突出。

With the development of economy , the demand of traffic enhanced continuously , while the traffic management is relatively lag , which makes the traffic jam increasingly serious .

修建城市隧道是解决城市用地紧张、交通拥挤的有效办法

Constructing city tunnels is an effective way to solve the problem of strained land and crowded traffic

因此本文以此为出发点,开展了对城市交通干线交叉口协调控制的相关研究,以缓解日趋紧张的交通拥挤问题,提高交通效益。

So with this as the starting point of the paper , we studied on the urban traffic junction coordination control in order to ease the growing tension congestion and improve traffic efficiency .

随着科学技术的进步和经济的飞速发展,城市的人口规模不断扩大,由于汽车数量的增加,特别是私人汽车的成倍增长,导致城市交通拥挤,汽车尾气和噪声污染加剧,已成为影响城市交通坏境的主要因素。

With the advancement of science and the development of economic , the

increasing of the population , and the increase of the number of cars , in particular private of cars , lead civil traffic

51.卡车零担:

52.交通拥堵:

53.城市交通系统:

54.智能交通系统:

55.全球定位系统:

56.交通运输研究委员会:57.公交运输:

58.北美自由贸易协定:t 59.人工智能技术:60.纵向动力学:

61.起终点矩阵:

62.协调机制:

63.移动闭塞:

64.模板匹配:

65.电子标签:

66.闭路电视:

67.闯红灯:

68.城市轨道交通:69.数字信号处理机:70.采样频率:

71.城市货运系统:72.都市规划组织:73.神经网络:

74.汽车电子标签:75.速度分布:

76.成本效益:

77.集装箱化:

78.回归系数:

79.取货与交付:

80.算法设置:

81.推进调车:

82.乘法结合律:

83.车牌:

84.事故规避:

85.跨边界的协同能力:86.遵从准则:

87.出轨:

88.溜放调车:

89.在线搜索:

90.基本构件:

91.绝对预测:

92.设备故障:

93.地面运输系统:

94.离散事件仿真:

95.网络体系结构:

96.并行计算:

97.访问控制:

98.原型模拟器:

99.函数调用:

100.两个数量级:

101.流程图:

102.交通环境:

(一)词汇部分:

103.:less-than-truck load

104.:traffic congestion

105.:urban transportation system

106.:Intelligent transportation systems

107.:Global position systems

108.:transportation research board

109.:mass transportation

110.:North American Free Trade Agreement 111.:artificial intelligence technique

112.:longitudinal dynamics

113.:origin-destination matrix

114.:coordination mechanism

115.:moving block

116.:template matching

117.:electronic tags

118.:closed circuit television

119.:red traffic light infringement

120.:

121.:digital signal processing machines

122.:sampling frequency

123.:urban freight systems

124.:metropolitan planning organizations

125.:neural network

126.:electronic vehicle tagging 127.:velocity profile

128.:cost-effective

129.:containerization

130.:regression coefficient

131.:pickup and delivery

132.:algorithm settings

133.:backing shunting

134.:associative law for multiplication 135.:license plate

136.:accident aversion

137.:cross border interoperability 138.:compliance criterion

139.:derailment

140.:fly shunting

141.:online capture

142.:building blocks

143.:absolute forecast

144.:equipment failure

145.:surface transportation system 146.:discrete event simulation 147.:network architecture

148.:parallel computing

149.:access control

150.:prototype simulator

151.:function call

152.:two orders of magnitude 153.:flow chart

154.:traffic scenarios

电子信息专业英语复习资料

电子信息专业英语复习资料 一、基本术语(英译汉) 1.probe探针 2.real time operational system 实时操作系统 3.debugger 调试器 4.sourse code 源代码 5.software radio wireless LAN 软件无线电网络 6.base station 基站 7.top-down approach 自顶向下分析法 8.variable 变量 9.data compress 数据压缩 10.signal conditioning circuit 信号调理电路 11.Chebyshev Type Ⅰfilter 切比雪夫Ⅰ型滤波器 12.vertical resolution 垂直分辨率 13.device driver 设备驱动 https://www.360docs.net/doc/0114764439.html,piler 编译器 15.template 模板 16.concurrent process 并发进程 17.object recognition 目标识别 18.Discrete Time Fourier Transform 离散傅立叶变换 https://www.360docs.net/doc/0114764439.html,bined circuit 组合逻辑电路 20.impedance transform 阻抗变换器 21.voltage source 电压源22.passive component 无源器件 23.quality factor 品质因数 24.unit-impulse response 单位脉冲响应 25.noise origin 噪声源 26.Domino effect 多米诺效应 27.output load 输出负载 28.cordless phone 无绳电话 29.Antenna 天线 30.harmonic interference 谐波干涉 31.Parallel Resonant 并联谐振 32.voltage control oscillator 压控振荡器 33.adaptive delta modulation 自适应增量调制 34.amplitude modulation 调幅 二、缩略语(写出全称) 1.LSI:large scale integration 2.PMOS :p-type metal-oxide semiconductor 3.CT:cycle threshold 4.MRI:magnetic resonance imaging 5.ROM:read-only memory 6.DRAM :dynamic random access memory 7.TCXO :temperature compensated X'tal (crystal) Oscillator https://www.360docs.net/doc/0114764439.html,B:Universal Serial Bus 9.DCT:discrete cosine transform

专业英语考试重点

这是考试范围,第一道大题选十个单词或词组,第二道答题选十个缩写词,第三道答题选六段翻译1.写出下列单词或词组的中文。 multimeter 万用表insulation 绝缘transistor 晶体管,三极管envelope 包络线spectrum 频谱 binary 二进制 antenna 天线harmonics 谐波attenuation 衰减capacitance 电容differential 微分bandwidth 带宽propagation 传播transmission 传输optical fiber 光纤 channel 信道 multiplex 多路复用 modulation 调制telecommunication 电信impairment 减损 sampling 抽样,取样 quantizing 量化 carrier 载波 encryption 加密 scheme 方案?计划?设计?系统?trade off 综合考虑?权衡?协调?state of art 技术发展水平performance 性能,效率 ULSI Very Large Scale Integration超大规模集成电路 fier Foundation for Instrumentation Education and Research 使用仪器教育和研究基金会 2.写出下列缩写的全称 DSBFC double-sideband full carrier双边带全载波调制 ITU International Telecommunications Union国际电信联盟 FFT Fast Fourier Transform 快速傅立叶变换 IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform 逆快速傅立叶变换 LAN local area network 局域网 MAN Metropolitan Area Network 城域网 WAN Wide Area Network 广域网 WWW world wide web 全球网、万维网 HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议 GPRS General Packet Radio Service 通用无线分组业务 ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange美国信息交换标准码 ISDN integrated services digital network 综合业务数字网 ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line非对称数字用户环路 IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 电气与电子工程师协会 ISO International Standardization Organization国际标准化组织 FET field-effect transistor 场效应管 USB Universal Serial Bus 通用串行总线 GSM global system for mobile communication 全球移动通信系统 CPU CentralProcessingUnit 中央处理器 LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示器 CDMA Code Division Multiple Accessing 码分多址技术 3. 将下列句子译成中文。 ㈠The ratio of the capacitance with some material other than air between the plates, to the capacitance of the same capacitor with air insulation,is called the dielectric constant of that particular material.

《材料科学基础》经典习题及答案全解

材料科学与基础习题集和答案 第七章回复再结晶,还有相图的内容。 第一章 1.作图表示立方晶体的()()()421,210,123晶面及[][][]346,112,021晶向。 2.在六方晶体中,绘出以下常见晶向[][][][][]0121,0211,0110,0112,0001 等。 3.写出立方晶体中晶面族{100},{110},{111},{112}等所包括的等价晶面。 4.镁的原子堆积密度和所有hcp 金属一样,为0.74。试求镁单位晶胞的体积。已知Mg 的密度3 Mg/m 74.1=m g ρ,相对原子质量为24.31,原子半径r=0.161nm 。 5.当CN=6时+Na 离子半径为0.097nm ,试问: 1) 当CN=4时,其半径为多少?2) 当CN=8时,其半径为多少? 6. 试问:在铜(fcc,a=0.361nm )的<100>方向及铁(bcc,a=0.286nm)的<100>方向,原子的线密度为多少? 7.镍为面心立方结构,其原子半径为nm 1246.0=Ni r 。试确定在镍的 (100),(110)及(111)平面上12mm 中各有多少个原子。 8. 石英()2SiO 的密度为2.653Mg/m 。试问: 1) 13 m 中有多少个硅原子(与氧原子)? 2) 当硅与氧的半径分别为0.038nm 与0.114nm 时,其堆积密度为多少(假设原子是球形的)? 9.在800℃时1010个原子中有一个原子具有足够能量可在固体内移 动,而在900℃时910个原子中则只有一个原子,试求其激活能(J/ 原子)。 10.若将一块铁加热至850℃,然后快速冷却到20℃。试计算处理前后空位数应增加多少倍(设铁中形成一摩尔空位所需要的能量为104600J )。

材料科学基础期末考试历届考试试题复习资料

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Main Points Chapter 1 Communication: Mass and Other Forms 1.The 8 elements in the communication process: A source, encoding process, message, channel, decoding process, receiver, feedback, and noise. 2.The 3 types of noise:Semantic, environmental, mechanical. 3.The 3 main settings for communication: Interpersonal, machine-assisted interpersonal, mass communication. 4.Each element in the communication process may vary according to setting. 5.Mass Communication: Refers to the process by which a complex organization, with the aid of one or more machines, produces public messages that are aimed at large, heterogeneous, and scattered audiences. 6.Characteristics for a mass communicator: Traditionally, it is identified by its formal organization, gatekeepers, expensive operating costs, profit motive, and competitiveness. The internet has created exceptions to these characteristics. 7.New models have been developed to illustrated Internet mass communication. A.Push Model—the traditional model of mass communication was a ―one-to-m any‖ model. Under the traditional model there is little direct interaction between sources and receivers. B.Pull Model –the new model makes it possible that several different levels of communication happen in a computer-mediated environment. The content is provided not only by organizations but also by individuals. It is not a one-way model. Instead, receivers can choose the time and manner of the interaction. The messages flowing to each receiver are not identical. In this new model, the receiver pulls only the information that he or she wants. https://www.360docs.net/doc/0114764439.html,munication content has become more specialized in the past 40 years, but the channels of mass communication still have the potential to reach vast audiences. 9.7 trends for modern mass communication: Audience segmentation, convergence, user-generated content, increased audience control, multiple platform, more mobility, social media. 1 / 24

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考试时间:90分 试题总分:100分 考试题型: 选择题——30%(课内) 完型题——30%(课内、课外) 阅读题——20%(课外) 判断题——20%(课内) 复习要点: 1. Windows 2000 provides you with quick and easy access to the Internet, no matter what programs you are running or tasks you are performing. 不管正在运行何种程序或执行何种任务,Windows 2000使你能快速而方便地访问互联网。 2. Internet Explorer lets you search the Internet for people, business, and information about subjects that interest you. Internet Explorer使你能在互联网找人,查询某个企业,以及感兴趣的相关主题信息。 3. Encryption is the way to solve the data security problem. 加密术是解决数据安全问题的一种方法。

4. Almost all encryption schemes used in the Internet uses asymmetric key encryption for exchanging the symmetric encryption key, and symmetric encryption for better performance. 在互联网中几乎所有的加密方案都使用非对称密钥加密来交换对称加密密钥,然后使用对称密钥以得到更好的性能。 5. Since the advent(出现,到来) of the Internet and computer network security, many people have sought for firewall. 由于互联网和计算机网络安全的出现,许多人都在寻找防火墙。 6. In other words, these protocols provide nearly all services available to today’s Netsurfer. 这就是说,这些协议为网上冲浪者提供了几乎所有可利用的服务。 7. Network-1evel protocols manage the discrete mechanics of data transfer. 网络层协议管理数据传输的离散结构。

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