复旦大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

复旦大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure （15 points）Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ with a single line through the center.

1．Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not ______ to a close examination.

A．keep up B．put up C．stand up D．look up

2．When I bent down to tie my shoelace, the seat of my trousers ______.

A．split B．cracked C．broke D．holed

3．His ______ thighs were barely strong enough to support the weight of his body.

A．inanimate B．rustic C．malleable D．shrunken

4．To get my travellers' cheques I had to ______ a special cheque to the bank for the total amount.

A．make for B．make out C．make up D．make off

5．She described the distribution of food and medical supplies as a ______ nightmare.

A．paranoid B．putative C．benign D．logistical

6．A sordid, sentimental plot unwinds, with an inevitable ______ ending.

A．mawkish B．fateful C．beloved D．perfunctory

7．Despite ______ efforts by the finance minister, inflation rose to 36 points.

A．absurd B．grimy C．valiant D．fraudulent

8．In ______ I wish I had thought about alternative courses of action.

A．retrospect B．disparity C．succession D．dissipation

9．Psychoanalysts tend to regard both ______ and masochism as arising from childhood deprivation.

A．attachment B．distinction C．ingenuity D．sadism

10．Fear showed in the eyes of the young man, while the old man looked tired and ______.

A．watery B．wandering C．weary D．wearing

11．The clash between Real Madrid and Arsenal is being ______ as the match of the season.

A．harbinger B．allured C．congested D．lodged

12．What he told me was a ______ of downright lies.

A．load B．mob C．pack D．flock

13．We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ______.

A．out of work B．out of stock C．out of reach D．out of practice 14．______ I realized the consequences, I would never have contemplated getting involved.

A．Even if B．Had C．As long as D．If

15．They managed to ______ the sound on TV every time the alleged victim's name was spoken.

A．deaden B．deprive C．punctuate D．rebuff

16．He had been ______ to appear in court on charges of incitement of lawbreaking.

A．illuminated B．summoned C．prevailed D．trailed

17．The computer doesn't ______ human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means.

A．flunk B．renew C．succumb D．mimic

18．How about a glass of orange juice to ______ your thirst？

A．quench B．quell C．quash D．quieten

19．The rain looked as if it had ______ for the night.

A．set off B．set up C．set out D．set in

20．My aunt lost her cat last summer, but it ______ a week later at a home in the next village.

A．turned up B．turned in C．turned on D．turned out

21．As is known to all, a vague law is always ______ to different interpretations.

A．invulnerable B．immune C．resistant D．susceptible

22．The manager ______ facts and figures to make it seem that the company was prosperous.

A．beguiled B．besmirched C．juxtaposed D．juggled

23．To our great delight, yesterday we received a（n）______ donation from a benefactor.

A．handsome B．awesome C．miserly D．prodigal

24．Students who get very high marks will be ______ from the final examination.

A．expelled B．banished C．absolved D．ousted

25．It ______ me that the man was not telling the truth.

A．effects B．pokes C．hits D．stirs

26．John glanced at Mary to see what she thought, but she remained ______.

A．manifest B．obnoxious C．inscrutable D．obscene

27．My neighbor tended to react in a heat and ______ way.

A．impetuous B．impertinent C．imperative D．imperceptible 28．This morning when she was walking in the street, a black car ______ beside her.

A．drew out B．drew off C．drew down D．drew up

29．She decided to keep reticent about the unpleasant past and ______ it to memory.

A．attribute B．allude C．commit D．credit

30．It did not take long for the central bank to ______ their fears.

A．soothe B．snub C．smear D．sanctify

Part ⅡReading Comprehension （40 points）

Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A,B, C and D．Choose the best answer and mark corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Jean left Alice Springs on Monday morning with regret, and flew all day in a “Dragonfly”' aircraft; and it was a very instructive day for her. The machine did not go directly to Cloncurry, but flew to and for across the wastes of Central Australia, depositing small bags of mail at cattle stations and picking up cattle-men and travelers to drop them off after a hundred or a hundred and fifty miles. They landed eight or ten times in the course of the day, at places like Ammaroo and Hatches Creek and many other stations; at each place they would get out of the plane and drink a cup of tea and have a talk with the station manager or owner, and get back into the plane and go on their way. By the end of the day Jean Paget knew exactly what a cattle station looked like, and she was beginning to have a very good idea of what went on there.

They got to Cloncurry in the evening, a fairly extensive town on a railway that ran eastward to the sea at Townsville．Here she was in Queensland, and she heard for the first time the slow deliberate speech of the Queensland that reminded her at once of her friend Joe Harman. She was driven into town in a very old open car and deposited at the Post Office Hotel; she got a bedroom

but tea was over, and she had to go down the wide，dusty main street to a café for her evening meal. Cloncurry, she found, had none of the clean attractiveness of Alice Springs; it was a town which smelt of cattle, with wide streets through which to drive them down to the stockyard, many hotels, and a few shops. All the houses were of wood with red-painted iron roofs; the hotels had two floors, but very few of the other houses had more than one.

She had to spend a day here, because the air service to Normanton and Willstown ran weekly on a Wednesday．She went out after breakfast while the air was still cool and walked in one direction up the huge main street for half a mile till she came to the end of the town, then came back and walked down it a quarter of a mile till she came to the other end. Then she went and had a look at the railway station, and, having seen the airfield,with that she had seen all there was to see in Cloncurry. She looked in at a shop that sold toys and newspapers, but they were sold out of all reading matter except a few books about dress-making; as the day was starting to warm up she went back to the hotel. She managed to borrow a copy of the Australian Women's Weekly from the manageress of the hotel and took it to her room, and took off most of her clothes and lay down on her bed to sweat it out during the heat of the day. Most of the other citizens of Cloncurry seemed to be doing the same thing.

She felt like moving again shortly before tea and had a shower, and went out to the café for an ice. Weighed down by the heavy meal of roast beef and plum-pudding that the Queenslanders call “tea” she sat in a folding chair for a little outside in the cool of the evening, and went to bed again at about eight o'cock. She was called before daybreak, and was out at the airfield with the first light.

31．When Jean had to leave Alice Springs, she ______.

A．wished she could have stayed lodger

B．regretted she had decided to fly

C．wasn't looking forward to flying all day

D．wished it had not been a Monday morning

32．How did Jean get some idea of Australian cattle station？

A．She learnt about them at first hand.

B．She learnt about them from friends.

C．She visited them weekly.

D．She stayed on one for a week.

33．Jean's main complaint about Cloncurry in comparison with Alice Springs, was ______.

A．the width of the main street B．the poor service at the hotel

C．the poor-looking buildings D．the smell of cows

34．For her evening meal on the second day Jean had ______.

A．only an ice-cream B．a lot of cooked food

C．some cold beer D．a cooling, but non-alcoholic drink

35．Jean left Cloncurry ______.

A．early on Wednesday morning B．late on Tuesday evening

C．after breakfast on Tuesday D．before breakfast on Tuesday

Passage T wo

It was unfortunate that, after so trouble-free an arrival, he should stumble in the dark as he was rising and severely twist his ankle on a piece of rock. After the first shock the pain became bearable, and he gathered up his parachute before limping into the trees to hide it as best he could. The hardness of the ground and the deep darkness made it almost impossible to do this efficiently. The pine needles lay several inches deep so he simply piled them on top of the parachute, cutting the short twigs that he could feel around his legs, and spreading them on top of the needles. He had great doubts about whether it would stay buried, but there was very little else that he could do about it.

After limping for some distance in an indirect course away from his parachute he began to make his way downhill through the trees. He had to find out where he was, and then decide what to do next. But walking downhill on a rapidly swelling ankle soon proved to be almost beyond his powers. He moved more and more slowly，walking in long sideways movements across the slope, which meant taking more steps but less painful ones. By the time he cleared the trees and reached the valley, day was breaking. Mist hung in soft sheets across the field. Small cottages and farm buildings grouped like sleeping cattle around a village church, whose pointed tower, pointed high into the cold winter air to welcome the morning.

“I can't go no further，” John Harding thought. “Someone is bound to find me, but what can't I do？I must get a rest before I go on. Ther'll look for me first up there on the mountain where the plane crashed. I bet they're out looking for it already and they're bound to find the

parachute in the end. I can't believe they won't. So they'll know I'm not dead and must be somewhere. They'll think I'm hiding up there in the trees and rocks so they'll look for me, so I'll go down to the village. With luck by the evening my foot will be good enough to get me to the border.”

Far above him on the mountainside he could hear the faint echo of voices, startling him after great silence. Looking up he saw lights like little pinpoints moving across the face of the mountain in the grey light. But the road was deserted, and he struggled along, still almost invisible in the first light, easing his aching foot whenever he could, avoiding stones and rough places, and limping quietly and painfully towards the village. He reached the church at last. A great need for peace almost drew him inside, but he knew that would not do. Instead, he limped along its wails towards a very old building standing a short distance from the church doors. It seemed to have been there for ever, as if it had grown out of the hillside. It had the same air of timelessness as the church. John Harding pushed open the heavy wooden door and slipped inside.

36．It is known from the passage that John Harding was ______.

A．an escaped prisoner

B．a criminal on the run from the police

C．an airman who had landed in an enemy country area

D．a spy who had been hiding in the forest

37．John Harding found it hard to hide his parachute because ______.

A．he got his ankle twisted severely

B．the trees did not give very good cover

C．the earth was not soft and there was little light

D．the pine needles lay too thick on the ground

38．In spite of his bad ankle John Harding was able to ______.

A．carry on walking fairly rapidly

B．walk in a direction that was less steep

C．bear the pain without changing direction

D．find out where he had landed

39．When John Harding got out of the forest he saw that ______.

A．it was beginning to get much lighter

B．washing was hanging on the lines in the village

C．the fields were full of sleeping cows

D．some trees had been cleared near the village

40．John Harding decided to go down to the village ______.

A．to find a doctor to see to his ankle B．to be near the frontier

C．to avoid the search party D．to find shelter in a building

Passage Three

A trade group for liquor retailers put out a press release with an alarming headline: “Millions of Kids Buy Internet Alcohol, Landmark Survey Reveals.”

The announcement, from the Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America received wide media attention. On NBC's Today Show, Lea Thompson said, “According to a new online su rvey, one in 10 teenagers have an underage friend who has ordered beer, wine or liquor over the internet. More than a third think they can easily do it and nearly half think they won't get caught.” Several newspapers mentioned the study, including USA Today and the Record of New Jersey. The news even made Australia's Gold Coast Bulletin.

Are millions of kids really buying booze online？To arrive at that jarring headline, the group used some questionable logic to pump up results from a survey that was already tilted in favor of finding a large number of online buyer.

For starters, consider the source. The trade group that commissioned the survey has long fought efforts to expand online sales of alcohol; its members are local distributors who compete with online liquor sellers. Some of the news coverage pointed out that conflict of interest, though reports didn't delve more deeply into how the numbers were computed.

The Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America hired Teenage Research Unlimited, a research company, to design the study. Teenage Research, in turn, hired San Diego polling firm Luth Research to put the questions to 1,001 people between the ages of 14 and 20in an online survey. Luth gets people to participate in its surveys in part by advertising them online and offering small cash awards—typically less than $ 5 for short surveys.

People who agree to participate in online surveys are, by definition, internet users, something that not all teens are. （Also, people who actually take the time to complete such surveys may be more likely to be active, or heavy internet users. ）It's safe to say that kids who use the internet

regularly are more likely to shop online than those who don't. Teenage Research Unlimited told me it weighted the survey results to adjust for age, sex, ethnicity and geography of respondents, but had no way to adjust for degree of internet usage.

Regardless, the survey found that, after weighting, just 2.1 points of the 1,001 respondents bought alcohol online—compared, with 56 points who had consumed alcohol. Making the questionable assumption that their sample was representative of all Americans aged 14 to 20 with access to the internet—and not just those with the time and inclination to participate in online surveys—the researchers concluded that 551,000 were buying alcohol online.

But that falls far short of the reported “millions of kids”. To justify that headline, the wholesalers' group focused on another part of the survey that asked respondents if they knew a teen who had purchased alcohol online. Some 12 points said they did. Of course, it's ridiculous to extrapolate from a state like that—one buyer could be known by many people, and it's impossible to measure overlap. Consider a high school of 1,000 students, with 20 who have bought booze on line and 100 who know about the purchases. If 100 of the school's students are surveyed at random, you'd expect to find two who have bought and 10 who know someone who has—but that still represents only two buyers, not 10．（Not to mention the fact that thinking you know someone who has ordered beer online is quite different from ordering a six pack yourself. ）Karen Gravois Elliott, a spokeswoman for the wholesalers' group, told me, “The numbers are real,” but referred que stions about methodology to Teenage Research. When I asked her about the potential problems of conducting the survey online, she said the medium was a strength of the survey: “We specifically wanted to look at the teenage online population.”

Nahme Chokeir, a vice president of client service for San Diego-based Luth Research Inc., told me that some of his online panel comes from word of mouth, which wouldn't necessarily skew toward heavy internet users. He added that some clients design surveys to screen respondents by online usage, though Teenage Research didn't.

I asked Michael Wood, a vice president at Teenage Research who worked on the survey，whether one could say, as the liquor trade group did, that millions of teenagers had bought alcohol online. “Y ou can't,” he replied, adding, “This is their press release.”

41．Which of the following is the message that this passage is trying to convey？

A．The severe social consequences of kids buying alcohol online.

B．The hidden drawback of the American educational system.

C．The influence of wide coverage of news media.

D．The problems in statistic methodology in social survey.

42．According to the author, what is wrong with the report about kids buying alcohol？

A．It is unethical to offer cash awards to subjects of survey.

B．The numbers in this report were falsified.

C．The samples and statistic methods were not used logically.

D．The study designers and survey conductors were bribed.

43．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “extrapolate” in paragraph 8？

A．Conduct. B．Infer. C．Deduct. D．Whittle.

44．By saying “To justify that headline, the wholesalers' group focused on another part of the survey that asked respondents if they knew a teen who had purchased alcohol online”, the auth or implies that ______.

A．it is absurd to conduct a survey among teenagers

B．the ways the wholesalers' group conducted surveys are statistically questionable

C．this kinds of survey is preliminary, therefore undependable

D．teenagers might not be honest since buying alcohol online is an indecent behavior

45．Which of the following is more likely to be the source for problems in this survey？

A．This survey is tilted in favor of local alcohol distributors, who have a conflict of interest with online sellers.

B．The data collection and analysis are not scientific and logical.

C．Subjects are not sampled in a right way and can not represent the whole American teenage population.

D．The survey results are affected by gifts to subjects, which can be misleading.

Passage Four

I had visited the capital before although my friend Arthur had not, I first visited London as a student, reluctantly released from the bosom of a tearful mum, with a traveling trunk stuffed full of home-made fruit cakes and woolly vests. I was ill-prepared for the Spartan standards of the South. Through even the grimmest post-war days, as kids we had ploughed our way through

corner cuts of beef and steamed puddings. So you can imagine my dismay when I arrived, that first day, at my London digs to be faced with a plate of tuna-paste sandwiches and a thin slice of cake left curling under a tea-towel. And that was supposed to be Sunday lunch!

When I eventually caught up with my extremely irritating landlady, I met with a vision of splendor more in keeping with the Royal Enclosure at the races than the area in which she lived. Festooned with jewels and furs and plastered with exclusive cosmetics, she was a walking advert for Bond Street.

Now, we have a none too elegant but very apt phrase for this in the North of England, and it was the one my friend Arthur to describe London after three days there: “All fur coat and nothing underneath.”

Take our hotel. The reception area was plush and inviting, the lounge and diningroom poor enough to start Arthur speaking “properly”. But journey upstairs from one landing to the next, at the veneers of civilization fell away before your eyes. By the time we reached our room, all pretension to refinement and comfort had disappeared. The fur coat was off （back in the bands of the hire purchase company）, and what we were really expected to put up with for a small fortune a night was exposed in all its shameful nakedness. It was little more than a garret, a shabby affair with patched and peeling walls. There was a stained sink with pipes that grumbled and muttered all night long and an assortment of furnishings that would have disgraced Her Majesty's Prison Service. But the crowning glory was the view from the window. A peek behind the handsome facade of our fabled city, rank gardens choked with rubbish, all the debris of life piled against the back door. It was a good job the window didn't open, because from it all arose the unmistakable odor of the abyss.

Arthur, whose mum still polishes her back step and disinfects her dustbin onc e a week, slumped on to the bed in a sudden fit of depression. “Never mind，” I said, drawing the curtains. “Y ou can watch telly.” This was one of the hotel's luxuries, which in the newspaper ad had persuaded us we were going to spend the week in style. It turned out to be a yellowing plastic thing with a picture which rolled over and over like a floundering fish until you took your fist to it. But Arthur wasn't going to be consoled by any cheap technological gimmicks.

He was sure his dad had forgotten to feed his pigeons and that his dogs were pining away for him. He grew horribly homesick. After a terrible night spent tossing and turning to a ceaseless

cacophony of pipes and fire doors, traffic, drunks and low-flying aircraft, Arthur surfaced next day like a claustrophobic mole. London had got squarely on top of him. Seven million people had sat on him all night, breathed his air, generally fouled his living space, and come between him and that daily quota of privacy and peace which prevents us all from degenerating into mad axemen or reservoir poisoners.

Arthur had to be got out of London for a while.

46．When the writer first came to the capital ______.

A．he had been very reluctant to leave his mother

B．his mother had not wanted him to leave home

C．he had made no preparations for his journey south

D．he had sent his possessions on ahead in a trunk

47．The writer was surprised at what he received for Sunday lunch because ______.

A．food had always been plentiful at home

B．he had been used to grimmer times at home

C．things had been difficult after the war up North

D．beef had always been available from the butcher on the corner at home

48．The landlady seemed to epitomize a phrase used in the North of England to indicate that things were ______.

A．tender underneath the surface B．vulnerable to the outside world

C．more profound than they seemed D．beautiful but only superficially

49．The room which the writer and his friend were to share ______.

A．was more suited to housing prisoners than hotel guests

B．had a magnificent view from one of its windows

C．had a door which provided access to a rubbish tip

D．was situated above some foul-smelling gardens

50．The writer feels that in order to remain sane, one needs a certain amount of ______.

A．physical exercise B．fresh air

C．daily nourishment D．breathing space

注意：以下各题的答案必须写在ANSWER SHEETⅡ上。

Part ⅢCloze （10 points）

Directions：Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ .

Now when I had mastered the language of this water, and had come to know every trifling features that bordered the great river as familiarly as I knew the letters of the alphabet, I had made

a valuable acquisition. But I had lost something too. I had lost something which could never be

51 tome while I lived. All the grace, the beauty, the poetry had gone out of the majestic river! I still keep in 52 a certain wonderful sunset which I witnessed when steam-boating was new to me. A broad expanse of the river was turned to blood; in t he middle distance the red hue brightened into gold, 53 which a solitary log came floating black and conspicuous, in one place a long, slanting mark lay sparking upon the water；in 54 the surface was broken by boiling, tumbling rings, that were as many-tinted as an opal; 55 the ruddy flush was faintest, was a smooth spot that was covered with graceful circles and radiating lines, ever so delicately traced; the shore 56 our left was densely wooded and the somber shadow that 57 from this forest was broken in one place by a long, ruffled trail that shone like silver; and high 58 the forest wall a clean-stemmed dead tree waved a single leafy bough that glowed like a flame in the unobstructed splendor that was flowing from the sun. There were graceful curves, reflected images, soft distances; and over the whole scene, 59 and near, the dissolving lights drifted steadily enriching 60 every passing moment with new marvels of coloring.

Part ⅣTranslation （20 points）

Directions: Put the following passage into English.

如果你是那种看着别人的生活就羡慕，对自己的生活提不起精神的人，也许你需要把握生活，做些改变。很多人每天从早到晚做同样的事情，对现状感到非常满足并很快乐。但是，如果你觉得自己的潜能被浪费，内心深处渴望更活跃刺激的生活，你就需要采取一些积极的行动。

你会觉得如果你处在另一种环境，你肯定会掌握好局面，为更宏大目标而努力。如果你真这样想过，那就不应该被无法改变的现状所难倒，不要为自己为什么不开始行动找借口，也不要为自己找为什么不去充分发挥潜能的理由了。

如果人满腹激情，也有能力干一番事业，就不要浪费自己的才能。停止抱怨，命运掌握在自己手里！现在该是人停止自欺欺人、认识到岸上的安全可能要比你所想的更具有破坏性

的时候了。

Part ⅤWriting （15 points）

Directions：Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic. Remember to write your composition on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.

“My Views about Ambition Makes a Man”