8b Chapter1 France is calling

8b Chapter1 France is calling

二. 重点句子：

1. France is calling. 法国正在向您召唤！

动词call有如下的含义：

召唤，号召。

e.g.: Can you call everybody in for lunch? 你能把大家都叫进来吃饭么?

喊，嚷：“Breakfast is ready”, She called. 吃早饭了，她喊了一声。

请……来。e.g.: He was so ill that we had to call the doctor. 他病得很重，我们只好把大夫请来了。

取名，把……叫做。e.g.: They called the baby Simon. 他们为这个孩子取名叫西蒙。打电话。e.g.: I’ll call you later. 我晚点打电话给你。

call常见的搭配有：

be called 名字叫做。e.g.: What’s your teacher called? 你们老师怎么称呼?

She’s called Mrs Gray. 我们叫她格雷太太。

call somebody back 给某人回电话。

e.g.: I can’t talk now- I’ll call you back later.

我现在说话不方便----待会儿再给您回电话吧。

call for somebody 顺路到某人家约之同行。

e.g.: Rose often calls for me in the morning and we walk to school together. 罗斯常常在早上找我一起步行去上学。

call in 访问，拜访。

I’ll call in to see you this eve ning. 我今天晚上去探望您。

call off 取消原计划，放弃原计划。

We called off the race because it was raining. 因为下雨，我们取消了这场比赛。2. Now that winter is behind us, many people are starting to think about going abroad for the summer holidays. 既然冬天已经过去，许多人开始计划暑假去国外旅游。

now that 由于，既然。相当于because of the fact that.

e.g.: Now that the children have left home, we can move to a smaller house. 既然孩子们都已经从家里搬出去了，我们也可以搬到一套小一点的房子去了。

注意：now that通常用来表示众所周知的原因，而非because那样可能表示比较深层次的或隐含的原因。

e.g.: Now that you mention it, I do remember. 既然你说了，我就会记住的。

Now that you have grown up, you must stop this childish behavior.

既然你已经长大了，那么你就应该改掉这种幼稚的行为。

start to do sth. 开始做……，着手做……

After waiting for an hour, the clients started to complain.

等了一个小时之后，顾客们开始抱怨了。

She started to play the piano when she was five years old. 她五岁开始学弹钢琴。注意：我们同样也可以说成start doing sth.

e.g.: They started planting trees in the school garden at 9 o’clock this morning. 他们今天上午9点开始在学校花园里种树。

think about doing sth. 考虑做……

I’m thinking about playing tennis this afternoon. 我正在考虑今天下午打网球。Why don’t you think about going to the USA for your holidays?

你为什么不考虑一下去美国度假呢?

注意：think about 可以用think of 来代替。

abroad 相当于in/ to another country. 意为：在海外，往国外。由于abroad 是个副词，表示“在/到国外”时，前面不能加介词。

e.g.: Mary goes abroad for her holidays every year. 玛丽每年都出国度假。

My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我弟弟以前从未出过国，所以他觉得这次旅行十分令人兴奋。

overseas（国外）是其同义词，home（在本国）是其反义词。

go abroad 意为：出国，去国外。

3. This year, why not spread your wings and visit France?

今年，何不走远一些到法国去呢?

why not 为何不

why not, why don’t you 与what about 这三个句式是可以相互转换的。

e.g.: Why not start the meeting at once? 为何不现在就开会?

Why don’t you start the meeting at once? 为何不现在就开会?

What about starting the meeting at once? 现在就开会，如何?

spread one’s wings 是个俚语，相当于start to fly，travel more widely，go somewhere further away than normal. 意为：展翅高飞。

4. It is a huge country, with coasts on the English Channel, the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. 它（法国）幅员辽阔，拥有与英吉利海峡，大西洋和地中海相接的海岸线。

在本例中，介词with 意为：有，带有。

e.g.: The man with a wooden leg is the father of one of my classmates. 那个有一条木腿的男子是我一个同班同学的父亲。

除此之外，with还有以下的含义：

和……一起。

e.g.: The national flag rises with sun every day. 这面国旗每天与太阳一起升起。With those words, he went away. 说完那些话，他便走了。

和……跟。

e.g.: That young man had an argument with those three women tourists.

那个年轻人和那三个女游客发生了争执。

用……（工具）

e.g.: Cut it with a knife. 用刀把它切开。

The mother is feeding the baby with a spoon. 母亲正在用勺子喂小孩儿。

本句中有三个专有名词：the English Channel 英吉利海峡，the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋。

the Mediterranean Sea 地中海。

注意：河流，海洋，海峡等专有名词前应加上定冠词the。

5. In addition, it has many mountain regions which are excellent for skiing.

此外，它（法国）还拥有许多极其适合滑雪的山区。

In addition, we went to the museum. 此外，我们还去了博物馆。

此句可改写为：We went to the museum as well.

e.g.: She can speak English. In addition, she speaks five other foreign languages.

她会说英语，此外，她还会说其他五种外语。

＝She can speak English. She speaks five other foreign languages as well.

当我们需要表示“除……外”的含义时，还可以用in addition to，相当于as well as。

上述的例子我们呢可以合并为：

She speaks five foreign languages in addition to English.

除了英语外，她还会说另外五种外语。

＝She speaks five foreign languages as well as English.

excellent 极好的，卓越的。

e.g.: She speaks excellent Japanese. 她说一口流利的日语。

excellence（n.）优秀，卓越。

be excellence for 意为：非常适合于，相当于be good for。

e.g.: This court is excellent for playing tennis. 这个场地非常适合打网球。

France is excellent for travelling. 法国非常值得去旅游。

注意be excellent for 与be excellent in 的区别：be excellent in 在……方面很出色。

e.g.: Mandy is excellent in swimming. 曼迪非常擅长游泳。

skiing（n.）滑雪运动

e.g.: People in the north enjoy skiing in winter. 北方人们冬天都喜欢滑雪。

ski（v.）滑雪（n.）滑雪板skier（n.）滑雪者

…which are excellent for skiing 是定语从句，修饰mountain regions。

6. The centre of France is a big, agricultural region, growing crops such as wheat and sunflowers. 法国中部是广阔的农业区，种植小麦和向日葵等农作物。

There is not much agricultural land in Shanghai. 上海现在的耕地不多。agriculture（n.）农业

such as 是：例如，诸如的意思。

Fatty food such as French fries are bad for your health.

像薯条这样的高脂食品对你的健康有害。

People grow crops, such as wheat and sunflowers in this area.

这个地区种植如小麦和向日葵这样的庄稼。

辨析：for example, such as 和like

上述三个词都有：例如的意思，但在使用中是有区别的。

for example 作：例如讲的时候，一般指以同类事物或人中的：“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中，句末。

e.g.: A lot of things are invisible in the world. For example, air is invisible.

世界上许多东西是肉眼看不见的。例如，空气就是看不见的。

He, for example, is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。

such as 用来列举同类人或事物中的若干个例子。

e.g.: Some of the European languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish.

有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语系，例如，法语，意大利语和西班牙语。

Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。

要注意，such as 的后面没有逗号。

like 也常常用来表示举例，可与such as 互换。但such as用于列举时可以分开使用，此时不可以与like 互换。

e.g.: Some warm-blooded animals, like/such as the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，如猫，狗和狼都不需要冬眠。

He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks.

他有几本像字典，手册之类的参考书。

growing crops such as wheat and flowers 在句子中是现在分词短语作后置定语，用于修饰之前的region。因此，本句也可以用定语从句来表示：The centre of France is a big, agricultural region which grows crops such as wheat and sunflowers.

7. It is amazing to drive past fields which seem to go on forever or whole hills covered with neat rows of grapevines. 驱车经过连绵不断的田野或满山一排排整齐的葡萄藤，真是令人心旷神怡。

it is amazing to do sth. 是：做某事真让人惊奇的意思。在表达此类意思时，我们经常会用到：It is +形容词+带to的动词不定式的结构。在这个句型中，it是：形式主语，而非句子的真正主语。句子的真正主语是：动词不定式部分。

e.g.: It is tiring to walk up that hill. 要爬上那座山头是很累人的。（it是形式主语，真正的主语为to walk up that hill。因此，本句中也可写成to walk up that hill is tiring。但习惯用it 作形式主语，不定式部分后置，以免主语部分过长。

三. 重点词组：

1. now that 既然，由于（众所周知的原因）

2. think about doing sth. 考虑做

3. go abroad for the summer holidays出国去过暑假

4. why not 为何不

5.go on forever一望无际

6.seem to 看上去

7.（be）covered with被……所覆盖

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1213517158.html,ed to do sth. 过去常常做

9. an hour away from 距离……一小时的路程

10. try doing sth.尝试做……

Learning and Teaching Arrangement

I. The Instruction of the Arrangement

This lesson is arranged by the instruction of the New Curriculum.

English curriculum should face to all the students, focus on the quality of the education. The general target of English curriculum is to expand the comprehensive ability of the language application and this is based on the development of language skills, language focus, emotional attitude, learning strategies and culture as a whole.

All these will be ach ieved in every step of this lesson, with the teacher’s definite guidance, it’ll fully reflect what The New Curriculum proposes: Teaching is for communication, by communication and for communication.

II. Analysis of the Teaching Contents

1. Teaching contents:

Oxford English 8B Chapter 1 Reading P2-5

2. Teaching Objectives:

(1). Knowledge objectives:

Knowing about the attractions of France as a tourist

destination.

(2). Ability objectives:

a. The students will be able to read the information needed.

b. The students will be able to use the materials to talk about

France as many as possible.

c. The students will be encouraged to further the additional information about France.

(3). Moral objectives:

Make a deeper impression on culture between China and

foreign countries, further develop the opening attitude of

culture.

3. Teaching main and difficult points:

a. The Culture of different aspects of France , such as location, tourist destinations , food and designer names, art and culture.

b. Some words and

expressions.

4. Teaching aids: Multimedia software and computer

5. Teaching methods:

Task-based language teaching method;

Situation-based language teaching method;

Student-centered language teaching method

III. Teaching Procedures

1. Lead-in

Try to lead the students into the world of France by using some pictures they are familiar with, such as French flag, drinks like champagne and mineral water, popular sports in France like cycling , skiing ,tennis and football.

2. Warming-up activity

Ask the students to talk about anything they know about France, just in a few words. Then discuss briefly.

3.Presentation

a. Introduction about France：

Suppose I am a reporter and say:“ I’m writing an article about travelling to France (Show the page of my magazine) .Now that winter is behind us, many people are starting to think about going abroad for the summer holidays. This year ,why not spread your wings and visit France?”

b. To present the emphasis of this class --- materials about France in six aspects------Location, scenic areas, the capital and the tourist destinations, food, designer names and art and culture. At the same time, the words and the expressions are presented.

4. Salon

a. Divide the whole class into groups, assign them to discuss one of the aspects of France in details, using the information they have collected from

Internet ,magazines and newspapers. The teacher encourage students at different levels to practice the language. It is not necessary for the students to speak perfect. Let them make mistakes. Building confidence is much more important than get accuracy at this level.

b. Choose a student from each group to report their conclusions to the class they have discussed.

c. Appraise their abilities of collecting and dealing with information independently and the cooperation between them .

5．Consolidation

Do more comprehensive practices by describing France as a whole they have known, including more information about France.

6．Practice

Exercise D on page 5, making a summary of the article in note form. Complete the summary with information from the passage.

Attractions of France : many beaches ; good (1)________ in the mountains ; beautiful areas of the countryside such as the (2) ______ old (3) ______ where kings and queens lived

Capital : (4 )______

Famous places : (5) ______ and (6) _______

Special attractions for children : (7) _______

Easy to visit Britain now , by using (8) ______

France is famous for : (9) _______ such as bread and cheese

(10) ______ such as Cardin and Dior

Examples of French culture organized all over the world every year :

(11)________

7. Emotional attitude

Since we have learned so much information about foreign countries, I hope we enjoy touching the culture，understand the culture and respect the culture . IV. Appraisal

Using the following exercises, make sure the students realize their success and inadequacy of the present tasks，the joy of the success will heighten their intention of learning, the self-analysis of the inadequacy will impel them to greater efforts.

Tell true or false or DK if the information is not in the passage

1. France is a small country but very interesting.

2. There are probably many farmers in France.

3. You can catch a train from London to Paris.

4. Chanel and Dior are the names of people.

5. It is easy to learn French quickly.

V. Introspection

1. Developing the task-based teaching can tap the students’ potentialities effectively.

2. This lesson encourages the students to use the target languages in different ways, gives the students enough chances to practice the language and reflects their chief status within the task.

3. Consider the different capabilities of the students during the teaching, respect the individual differences, pay attention to increase by degrees, each student at different levels should be rewarded with something successful

4. Try to enhance the theoretical research in the future teaching, develop the task-based teaching deeply, make use of the teaching materials rationally, explore all effective ways and give full play to their advantages of independence and cooperation.

Blackboard design

France is calling

Location: the English channel, the Atlantic Ocean,

the Mediterranean Sea

Scenic areas: the Loire Valley, the old castles

Capital: Paris

Tourist destinations: the Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe, EuroDisney Food: champagne , mineral water , brandy and wine

Designer names : Dior in clothes , Chanel in perfume and Cartier in jewellery Art and culture : French film festivals, exhibitions and concerts.

容词的比较等级是初中英语的重要语法项目，也是中考的热点问题。现在我们就形容词和副词的比较等级的常考知识点作复习和归纳。

I. 形容词的比较等级：大多数的形容词有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。原级即形容词的原形。比较级和最高级的变化，分规则变化和不规则变化两种。

（1）规则变化。单音节词和部分双音节词的变化如下表：

部分双音节词和多音节词，在前面加或来构成比较级和最高级：

原级比较级最高级

slowly more slowly most slowly

beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

（2）不规则变化如下表：

II. 形容词和副词比较等级的用法：

（1）表示两者之间的比较时，用“形容词比较级+ than”句型。

The sun is bigger than the earth.

（2）表示两者以上的比较时，用“the + 形容词最高级（+ 名词）+ of(in)… “的句型。

My brother is the tallest in his class.

(3) 表示两者是同等程度，用“as +形容词原级/ 副词+ as”句型, 意思是“ 和…… 一样”。

表示两者不同程度时，用“not so (as) + 形容词原级/ 副词+ as”的句型，意思是“不如……”.它可与比较级互换。

This book as good as that one.

Li Ping is not as old as Wei Fang.

Swimming is not as interesting as fishing. = Fishing is more interesting than swimming.

试分析下列练习：

1. My coat is _________ than yours.

A. expensive

B. more expensive

C. much more expensive

D. much expensive

2. Shanghai is one of _________ cities in our country.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1213517158.html,rge

B. larger

C. largest

D. the largest

3. Which subject is __________ , math or English?

A.easy

B. easier

C. easyer

D. easiest

4. Of all the students in our class, Betty write _________.

A. very careful

B. the most careful

C. the most carefully

D. more carefully

5. Jack doesn’t jump so _________ as his brother.

A. high

B. higher

C. highest

D. more high

6. It was ________ cold yesterday.

A. terrible

B. terribly more terrible D. most terrible

(4) 常用的一些原级比较的结构还有：

1. “as many / much as” 意思为“同数量的…… ; 一样多”。

He has as much money as John.

You can sell as many newspapers as I.

2. “ as many / long / high … as + 数字”表示“多达（长达、高达）……”.。

I have learned English for as long as 15 yeaars.

The building costs ran up to as much as 20 million yuan.

3. the same as / different from / like; 当我们要表达“某一事物与另一事物相同时，用“ A is the same as B”句型。当我们要表达某一事物和另一事物不同时，用“A is different from B” 句型。当我们要表达某一事物与另一事物相像时，用“A is like B” 句型。

My watch is the same as yours.

Tom’s coat is different from Nick’s.

Mr Wang’s car is like my father’s.

这三个结构中所使用的动词多为be, 但有时也用look, sound, taste, seem 等系动词。That girl looks like her mother.

This song sounds different from the one I like.

the same as 也可分解为the same ……as, same 后面通常跟age, kind, length, colour, height, size, amount 等名词。有时the same … as 也可与as … as 互换使用。

The ruler is the same length as that one. = This ruler is as long as that one. 试完成下面的练习：

1. David 和Simon 一样高。David is ____________________ ( tall). =

2. David 的体重不如Simon. David is _____________________(heavy).=

3. 我的书不如你的书多。I don’t have ___________________ _________ as you.

4. 格林一家和怀特一家扔掉的垃圾一样多。

The Greens throw away __________ _________ rubbish ________ the Whites.

5. 这次事故中多大一百人丧生。

__________ __________ __________ 100 people were killed in the accident.

6. 一天的费用可高达500 元。

The cost of one day can be ________ __________ _________ 500 yuan. 7. 这两姐妹看上去一样。

The two sisters _________ __________ _________.

8. 这条裙子与那一条不同。

This skirt is _________ _________ _________ that one.

9. 听起来像个好主意。

That __________ __________ a good idea.

10. 两顶帽子一样。

The two hats _________ __________ __________. =

11. 我和你年纪一样。

I am __________ __________ _________ _________ you. =

近年来在中考出现的对形容词和副词的比较等级的考查举例如下：

考点一：对比较级的考查

1. Mike looks _________ than Paul, but they are the same age.

A. youngest

B. the youngest

C. younger

D. very young

形容词后面有than时，应该用形容词的比较级形式。应选C.

2. In the exam, the more careful you are, ____________ mistakes you will make.

A. the fewer

B. the fewest

C. the less

D. the least

“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”是比较级的一个固定句型，表示“越…… , 就越……”。由此可排除B, D 两项；又因为mistake 是可数名词，不能用less 修饰，所以选A.

3. I love Shenzhen because it is becoming ___________________.

A. more and more beautiful

B. beautiful and beautiful

C. clean and clean

D. more and clean

“比较级+ and + 比较级”也是比较级的一个固定句型，表示“越来越……” ; 如果是

多音节的形容词，则用“more and more + 形容词原形”所以选A.。

考点二：考查比较级的修饰语

4. “Please don’t be angry with me,” said Amy laughingly. This make me even _________.

A. angry

B. angrier

C. angriest

根据题干的逻辑结构和程度副词even 的使用，应填形容词的比较级形式，所以选B。比较级可以被表示程度的副词或短语修饰，这些表示程度的修饰语主要有even, still, far, much, a lot , a bit, a little, any 等。

考点三：对形容词最高级的考查

5. Beijing, the capital of China, is one of __________ cities in the world.

A. the biggest

B. bigger

C. much bigger

D. big

“be + one of the + 形容词最高级+ 名词（复数）+ 范围”是最高级的一个固定句型，意为“…… 是最…… 之一”，所以选A.

用所给词的正确形式填空：

1.Who’s _________ ( tall ) , Kitty or Mary?

2.The Changjiang River is one of the _________( long ) rivers in the world.

3.The Chinese people have a much _________ ( good ) life now.

形容词和副词比较等级专练

Teaching Aim

Get the students to practise using Adjections.

I. 根据句子的意思，从括号中选择正确的内容填空，使句子完整，通顺：

1．It’s very cold today, but it seems to be ____________ tomorrow. ( colder, coldest)

2. He has _________ homework to do than I today. ( much , more)

3. My room is twice _________ than my sister’s .( large , larger )

4. This coat is much _________ than that one. ( expensive , more expensive)

5. Chapter 2 is _________ of all the chapters in this books.

6. She is __________ among the girls. ( heavier , the heaviest)

7. Tom wrote as __________ as Ken. ( careful , carefully )

II. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空：

1.Exercise One is __________ (easy ) than Exercise Two.

2.Please listen to the teacher __________ ( careful ).

3.I don’t think it is a difficult math problem. He can work it out ( easy).

4.Shenzhen is one of ____________ ( beautiful ) cities in our country.

5.July and August are the _____________ ( hot ) months in a year.

6.He is too tired to go any ______________ ( far ).

7.Which jacket is _____________ ( expensive) , the blue one , the green

one or the brown one.

8.Read this passage as ____________ ( quick ) as you can.

9.There is ________________ （little ）milk in this glass than in that one.

10.J ack doesn’t jump so __________ ( high ) as Tom.

III. 选择填空：

1.Which pen do you like _________ , the red one or the black one?

A. good

B. better

C. gooder

D. best

2.Tom draws _______ . He draws _________ than Mike and John. He

draws ________ among the three boys.

A. good, better, best

B. well, better , best

C. good, good, best

D. well, well, better

3.He is __________ enough to go to school.

A. older

B. oldest

C. big

D. old

4.That was one of __________ moments of that year.

A. exciting

B. more exciting

C. the most exciting

D. most exciting

5.Look! He is running __________ .

A. faster and faster

B. fast and fast

C. fastest and fastest

D. fastly and fastly

6.Do you get up _________ your parents?

A. early

B. earlier

C. as early as

D. as earlier as

7.Do you speak English ____________ your parents?

A. best than

B. well than

C. as good as

D. as well as

8.Which is __________ , a chick, a sheep or a horse?

A. heavy

B. heavier

C. heaviest

D. the heaviest

IV. 完成下列句子：

1. The girl is now ______________________ (高得多) than she was a year ago.

2. Millions of stars are even ______________________ (大和明亮) than the sun. They look small only because they are _________________（远得多）away

3. China is __________________ (最大的国家之一) in the world.

4. Does Mary write ______________________ (一样认真) as Betty?

5. This elephant is _________________(强壮) , but that elephant is

___________(强壮一点) than this one.

6. Do you think chemistry is ______________________ (有趣)?

7. It’s ___________ (热) today than yesterday.

8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes

________________________(越来越小) .

9. In summer it’s_____________________ (凉爽) in Beijing than in Guangdong.

10. My brother _________________________________(跳舞不如我妹妹好).

11. He is ________________________(和我一样高) , but he is

______________________(比我瘦很多).

12. Exercise One is ______________________(难得多) than Exercise Two.