历史上最全的“冶金专业英语词汇”(涵盖采矿、地质、选矿、冶炼、炼焦、物理化学)

冶金英语词汇 (1)

1 总论

采矿mining

地下采矿underground mining

露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, s urface mining

采矿工程mining engineering

选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiatio n, mineral processing

矿物工程mineral engineering

冶金（学）metallurgy

过程冶金（学）process metallurgy

提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy

化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy

物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy

金属学Metallkunde

冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of proce ss metallurgy

冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engine ering

冶金工程metallurgical engineering

钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel

有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy

真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy

等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy

微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy

喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy

钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy

二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy

机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy

焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy

粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy

铸造学foundry

火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy

湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy

电冶金(学)electrometallurgy

氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy

矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensiv e utilization of mineral

resources

中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals 中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Socie ty of China

2 采矿

采矿工艺mining technology

有用矿物valuable mineral

冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw mater ials

矿床mineral deposit

特殊采矿specialized mining

海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining

矿田mine field

矿山mine

露天矿山surface mine

地下矿山underground mine

矿井shaft

矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration

矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study

矿山规模mine capacity

矿山生产能力mine production capacity

矿山年产量annual mine output

矿山服务年限mine life

矿山基本建设mine construction

矿山建设期限mine construction period

矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity

开采强度mining intensity

矿石回收率ore recovery ratio

矿石损失率ore loss ratio

工业矿石industrial ore

采出矿石extracted ore

矿体orebody

矿脉vein

海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources

矿石ore

矿石品位ore grade

岩石力学rock mechanics

岩体力学rock mass mechanics

3 选矿

选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plan t

工艺矿物学process mineralogy

开路open circuit

闭路closed circuit

流程flowsheet

方框流程block flowsheet

产率yield

回收率recovery

矿物mineral

粒度particle size

粗颗粒coarse particle

细颗粒fine particle

超微颗粒ultrafine particle

粗粒级coarse fraction

细粒级fine fraction

网目mesh

原矿run of mine, crude

精矿concentrate

粗精矿rough concentrate

混合精矿bulk concentrate

最终精矿final concentrate

尾矿tailings

粉碎comminution

破碎crushing

磨碎grinding

团聚agglomeration

筛分screening, sieving

分级classification

富集concentration

分选separation

手选hand sorting

重选gravity separation, gr avity concentrati on

磁选magnetic separation

电选electrostatic separation

浮选flotation

化学选矿chemical mineral processing

自然铜native copper

铝土矿bauxite

冰晶石cryolite

磁铁矿magnetite

赤铁矿hematite

假象赤铁矿martite

钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite

铁燧石taconite

褐铁矿limonite

菱铁矿siderite

镜铁矿specularite

硬锰矿psilomelane

软锰矿pyrolusite

铬铁矿chromite 黄铁矿pyrite

钛铁矿ilmennite

金红石rutile

萤石fluorite

高岭石kaolinite

菱镁矿magnesite

重晶石barite

石墨graphite

石英quartz

方解石calcite

石灰石limestone

白云石dolomite

云母mica

石膏gypsum

硼砂borax

石棉asbestos

蛇纹石serpentine

阶段破碎stage crushing

粗碎primary crushing

中碎secondary crushing

细碎fine crushing

对辊破碎机roll crusher

粉磨机pulverizer

震动筛vibrating screen

筛网screen cloth

筛孔screen opening

筛上料oversize

筛下料undersize

粗磨coarse grinding

细磨fine grinding

球磨机ball mill

衬板liner

分级机classifier

自由沉降free setting

沉积sedimentation

石灰lime

松油pine oil

硫化钠sodium sulfide

硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass 过滤filtration

过滤机filter

给矿，给料feeding

给矿机feeder

在线分析仪on line analyzer

在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer

超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supers onic particle sizer

4 冶金过程物理化学

4.1 冶金过程热力学

冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgic al processes

统计热力学statistical thermodynamics

不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversi ble processes

化学热力学chemical thernodynamics

表面热力学surface thermodynamics

合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys

冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy

系system

单元系single-componentsystem

多元系multicomponent system

均相系统homogeneous system

广度性质extensive property

强度性质intensive property

过程process

等温过程isothermal process

等压过程isobaric process

等容过程isochoric process

绝热过程adiabatic process

可逆过程reversible process

不可逆过程irreversible process

自发过程spontaneous process

自理过程physical process

化学过程chemical process

冶金过程metallurgical process

化学反应chemical reaction

化合反应combination reaction

分解反应decomposition reaction

置换反应displacement reaction

可逆反应reversible reaction

不可逆反应irreversible reaction

电化学反应electrochemical reaction

多相反应multiphase reaction

固态反应solid state reaction

气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction

渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction 平衡equilibrium

化学平衡chemical equilibrium

相平衡phase equilibrium

热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium

亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium

热力学函数thermodynamic function

偏摩尔量partial molar quantity

总摩尔量integral molar quantity

标准态standard state

焓enthalpy

生成焓enthalpy of formation

反应焓enthalpy of reaction

熵entropy

吉布斯能Gibbs energy

生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation 反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction

溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution

吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function

化学位chemical potential

热化学thermochemistry

热效应heat effect

热容heat capacity

熔化热heat of fusion

汽化热heat of vaporization

升华热heat of sublimation

相变热heat of phase transformation

放热反应exothermic reaction

吸热反应endothermic reaction

赫斯定律Hess’s law

相律phase rule

相图phase diagram

一元相图single-component phase diagram 二元相图binary-component phase diagram 三元相图ternary-component phase diagram 液相线liquidus

固相线solidus

共晶点eutectic point

杠杆规则lever rule

溶液solution

溶质solute

溶剂solvent

固溶体solid solution

溶液浓度concentration of solution

摩尔分数mole fraction

冶金熔体metallurgical melt

金属熔体metal melt

(炉)渣,熔渣slag

熔盐molten salt, fused salt

理想溶液ideal solution

真实溶液real solution

正规溶液regular solution

活度activity

活度系数activity coefficient

拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law

亨利定律Henry’s law

纯物质标准态pure substance standard

质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standa rd

无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinity ly dilute solution

相互作用系数interaction coefficient

化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm 吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equatio n

质量作用定律law of mass action

平衡常数equilibrium constant

平衡值equilibrium value

直接还原direct reduction

间接还原indirect reduction

金属热还原metallothermic reduction

选择性氧化selective oxidation

渣碱度basicity of slag

光学破度optical basicity

酸性氧化物acid oxide

碱性氧化物basicoxide

两性氧化物amphoteric

泡沫渣foaming slag

熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag

熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag

脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium

脱氧常数deoxidation constant

熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag

气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous stat e

硫分配比sulfur partition ratio

硫化物容量sulfide capacity

氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing a tmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium

真空脱碳vacuum decarburization

去气degassing

去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetalli c inclusion

非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonm etallic inclusion

脱硅desiliconization

脱锰demanganization

分配平衡distribution law

化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD) 4.2 冶金过程动力学

微观动力学microkinetics

化学动力学chemical kinetics

反应途径reaction path

反应机理reaction mechanism

基元反应elementary reaction

平行反应parallel

链反应chain reaction

总反应overall reaction

反应速率reaction rate

反应速率常数reaction rate constant

反应级数reaction order

零级反应zero order reaction

一级反应first order reaction

二级反应second order reaction

n级反应nth order reaction

碰撞理论collision theory

活化能activation energy

表现活化能apparent activation energy

阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation

半衰期half-life

宏观动力学macrokinetics

冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical pro cess

传输现象transport phenomena

传质mass transfer

传热heat transfer

动量传输momentum transfer

层流laminar flow

湍流turbulent flow

气泡gas bubble

鼓泡bubbling

射流jet

液滴liquid droplet

粘度viscosity

边界层boundary layer

流率flow rate

通量flux

扩散diffusion

菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusio n

菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusio n

扩散系数diffusion coefficient

传质系数mass transfer coefficient

热传导heat conduction

热对流heat convection

自然对流natural convection

强制对流forced convection

热辐射heat radiation

导热率thermal conductivity

传热系数heat transfer coefficient

体内浓度bulk concentration

未反应核模型unreacted core model

扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction 化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction 混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction

相似原理priciple of similarity

雷诺数Reynolds number

固定床fiexed bed

填充床packed bed

移动床moving bed

流态化床fluidized bed

混合时间mixing time

停留时间residence time, retention time

催化catalysis

催化剂catalyst

表面能surface energy

表面张力surface tension

界面能interfacial energy

界面张力interfacial tension

润湿wetting

表面活性物质surface-active substance

吸收absorption

吸附absorption

4.3 冶金电化学

冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry 熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts 固态离子学solid state ionics

电解质溶液electrolyte solution

阳离子cation

阴离子anion

电导conductance

电导率conductivity

电阻resistance

电极electrode

阴极cathode

阳极anode

电镀electroplating

固体电解质solid electrolyte

稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia

氧传感器oxygen sensor

硅传感器silicon sensor

定氧测头oxygen probe

定硅测头silicon probe

4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法

冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in met allurgical physical

chemistry

热电偶thermocouple

量热计calorimeter

热太平thermobalance

热分析thermal analysis

差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA 热重法thermogravimetry

分子筛molecular sieve

5 钢铁冶金

5.1 炼焦

炼焦coking

高温炭化high temperature carbonization

塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke forma tion

中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke f ormation

选煤coal preparation, coal washing

配煤coal blending

配煤试验coal blending test

炼焦煤coking coal

气煤gas coal

肥煤fat coal

瘦煤lean coal

焦炉coke oven

焦化室oven chamber

焦饼coke cake

结焦时间coking time

周转时间cycle time

装煤coal charging

捣固装煤stamp charging

推焦coke pushing

焦炭熄火coke quenching

干法熄焦dry quenching of coke

焦台coke wharf

装煤车larry car

推焦机pushing machine

拦焦机coke guide

熄焦车quenching car

焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven

焦炭coke

冶金焦metallurgical coke

铸造焦foundry coke

焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke

焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke

焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke

焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke

焦炭热强度hot strength of coke

焦炭反应性coke reactivity

焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of cok e

焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke

焦炉煤气coke oven gas

发热值calorific value

煤焦油coal tar

粗苯crude benzol

苯benzene

甲苯toluene

二甲苯xylene

苯并呋喃-茚树脂 coumarone-indene resin

精萘refined naphthalene

精蒽refined anthracene

煤[焦油]沥青 coal tar pitch

沥青焦pitch coke

针状焦needle coke

型焦formcoke

5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials

耐火粘土fireclay

高岭土kaolin

硬质粘土flint clay

轻质粘土soft clay

陶土pot clay

蒙脱石montmorillonite

叶蜡石pyrophyllite

膨润土bentonite

鳞石英tridymite

方石英cristobalite

砂岩sandstone

耐火石firestone

莫来石mullite

氧化铝alumina

烧结氧化铝sintered alumina

电熔氧化铝fused alumina

刚玉corundum

红柱石andalusite

蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite

硅线石sillimanite

橄榄石olivine

方镁石periclase

镁砂magnesia

合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia

电熔镁砂fused magnesia

烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker

合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clink er

尖晶石spinel

镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesioch romite

硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth 蛭石vermiculite

珍珠岩perlite

碳化硅silicon carbide

氮化硅silicon nitride

氮化硼boron nitride

粘土熟料chamotte

熟料grog

轻烧light burning,soft burning

死烧dead burning,hard burning

成型模注shaping moulding

机压成型mechanical pressing

等静压成型isostatic pressing

摩擦压砖机friction press

液压压砖机hydraulic press

捣打成型ramming process

熔铸成型fusion cast process

砖坯强度green strength,dry strength

隧道窑tunnel kiln

回转窑rotary kiln

倒焰窑down draught kiln

耐火砖refractory brick

标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick 泡砂石quartzite sandstone

酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]

硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material] 硅砖silica brick,dinas brick

熔融石英制品fused quartz product

硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory 半硅砖semisilica brick

粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick

石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick

高铝砖high alumina brick

硅线石砖sillimanite brick

莫来石砖mullite brick

刚玉砖corundum brick

铝铬砖alumina chrome brick

熔铸砖fused cast brick

碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]

镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material] 镁砖magnesia brick

镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick

镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick

镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick

中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material] 复合砖composite brick

铝炭砖alumina carbon brick

铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick

锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick

镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick

长水口long nozzle

浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle 定径水口metering nozzle

氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖 Al2O3-SiC-C brick

透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick

滑动水口slide gate nozzle 水口砖nozzle brick

塞头砖stopper

绝热耐火材料insulating refractory

轻质耐火材料light weight refractory

袖砖sleeve brick

格子砖checker brick,chequer brick

陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber

耐火纤维refractory fiber

耐火浇注料refractory castable

耐火混凝土refractory concrete

荷重耐火性refractoriness under load

抗渣性slagging resistance

耐磨损性abrasion resistance

5.3 碳素材料

[含]碳[元]素材料 carbon materials

无定形碳amorphous carbon

金刚石diamond

炭相[学]carbon micrography

炭黑carbon black

石油沥青petroleum pitch

石油焦炭petroleum coke

石墨化graphitization

石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization

石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of gra phite

炭砖carbon brick

炭块carbon block

碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block

炭电极carbon electrode

连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode

石墨电极graphite electrode

超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite e lectrode

石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple

石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plu g

电极糊electrode paste

石墨坩埚graphite crucible

石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor

炭刷carbon brush

高纯石墨high purity graphite

5.4 铁合金

铁合金ferroalloy

硅铁ferrosilicon

硅钙calcium silicon

金属硅silicon metal

锰铁ferromangnanese

低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese

硅锰silicomanganese

金属锰manganese metal

铬铁ferrochromium

低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium

微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium

硅铬silicochromium

金属铬chromium metal

钨铁ferrotunsten

钼铁ferromolybdenum

钛铁ferrotitanium

硼铁ferroboron

铌铁ferroniobium

磷铁ferrophosphorus

镍铁ferronickel

锆铁ferrozirconium

硅锆silicozirconium

稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon

稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium 成核剂nucleater

孕育剂incubater,inoculant

球化剂nodulizer

蠕化剂vermiculizer

中间铁合金master alloy

复合铁合金complex ferroalloy

电碳热法electro-carbothermic process

电硅热法electro-silicothermic process

铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit proces s

电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process

开弧炉open arc furnace

埋弧炉submerged arc furnace

半封闭炉semiclosed furnace

封闭炉closed furnace

矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood 矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace

5.5 烧结与球团

人造块矿ore agglomerates 烧结矿sinter

压块矿briquette

球团[矿] pellet

针铁矿goethite

自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore

复合铁矿complex iron ore

块矿lump ore

粉矿ore fines

矿石混匀ore blending

配矿ore proportioning

矿石整粒ore size grading

返矿return fines

储矿场ore stockyard

矿石堆料机ore stocker

匀矿取料机ore reclaimer

熔剂flux

消石灰slaked lime

活性石灰quickened lime

有机粘结剂organic binder

烧结混合料sinter mixture

烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter

烧结sintering

烧结热前沿heat front in sintering

烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering

渣相粘结slag bonding

扩散粘结diffusion bonding

带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine

环式烧结机circular travelling sintering mac hine

烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt

烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace

烧结盘sintering pan

烧结锅sintering pot

烧结冷却机sinter cooler

带式冷却机straight-line cooler

环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler

生球green pellet,ball

生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence 生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering

生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation 精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore conc entrates

生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet 生球落下强度shatter strength of green pelle

t

生球抗压强度compression strength of green p ellet

生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green p ellet

圆筒造球机balling drum

圆盘造球机balling disc

竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing 带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet fi ring

链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing

环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet fir ing

冷固结球团cold bound pellet

维式体wustite

铁橄榄石fayalite

铁尖晶石hercynite

铁黄长石ferrogehlenite

铁酸半钙calcium diferrite

铁酸钙calcium ferrite

铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite

锰铁橄榄石knebelite

钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite

钙铁辉石hedenbergite

钙铁榴石andradite

钙长石anorthite

钙镁橄榄石monticellite

钙钛矿perovskite

硅灰石wollastonite

硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate

硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate

镁橄榄石forsterite

镁黄长石akermanite

镁蔷薇辉石manganolite

钙铝黄长石gehlenite

钛辉石titanaugite

枪晶石cuspidine

预还原球团pre-reduced pellet

金属化球团metallized pellet

转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test

落下试验shatter test

5.6 高炉炼铁

炼铁iron making 高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process

高炉blast furnace

鼓风炉blast furnace

炉料charge, burden

矿料ore charge

焦料coke charge

炉料提升charge hoisting

小车上料charge hoisting by skip

吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket

皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer 装料charging

装料顺序charging sequence

储料漏斗hopper

双料钟式装料two-bells system charging

无料钟装料bell-less charging

布料器distributor

炉内料线stock line in the furnace

探料尺gauge rod

利用系数utilization coefficient

冶炼强度combustion intensity

鼓风blast

风压blast pressure

风温blast temperature

鼓风量blast volume

鼓风湿度blast humidity

全风量操作full blast

慢风under blowing

休风delay

喷吹燃料fuel injection

喷煤coal injection

喷油oil injection

富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrich ment

置换比replacement ratio

喷射器injector

热补偿thermal compensation

焦比coke ratio,coke rate

燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate

氧化带oxidizing zone

风口循环区raceway

蒸汽鼓风humidified blast

混合喷吹mixed injection

脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast

炉内压差pressure drop in furnace

煤气分布gas distribution

煤气利用率gas utilization rate

炉况furnace condition

顺行smooth running

焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio

软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone

渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio

上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning

下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning

高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace 休风率delay ratio

高炉寿命blast furnace campaign

悬料hanging

崩料slip

沟流channeling

结瘤scaffolding

炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up

开炉blow on

停炉blow off

积铁salamander

炉型profile,furnace lines

炉喉throat

炉身shaft,stack

炉腰belly

炉腹bosh

炉缸hearth

炉底 bottom

炉腹角bosh angle

炉身角stack angle

有效容积effective volume

工作容积working bolume

铁口iron notch, slag notch

渣口cinder notch, slag notch

风口tuyere

窥视孔peep hole

风口水套tuyere cooler

渣口水套slag notch cooler

风口弯头tuyere stock

热风围管bustle pipe

堵渣机stopper

泥炮mud gun,clay gun

开铁口机iron notch drill

铁水hot metal

铁[水]罐iron ladle 鱼雷车torpedo car

主铁沟sow

出铁沟casting house

铁沟iron runner

渣沟slag runner

渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle

撇渣器skimmer

冷却水箱cooling plate

冷却壁cooling stave

汽化冷却vaporization cooling

热风炉hot blast stove

燃烧室combustion chamber

燃烧器burner

热风阀hot blast valve

烟道阀chimney valve

冷风阀cold blast valve

助燃风机burner blower

切断阀burner shut-off valve

旁通阀by-pass valve

混风阀mixer selector valve

送风期on blast of stove,on blast

燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas

换炉stove changing

放散阀blow off valve

内燃式热风炉Cowper stove

外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove

顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove

炉顶放散阀bleeding valve

放散管bleeder

上升管gas uptake

放风阀snorting valve

均压阀equalizing valve

高压调节阀septum valve

炉顶高压elevated top pressure

铸铁机pig-casting machine

铸铁模pig mold

冲天炉cupola

水渣granulating slag

水渣池granulating pit

渣场slag disposal pit

高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas

高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR

非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making

直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron makin

g

直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI

竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furna ce

流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making

转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making

米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex process

HYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process

克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron -making

熔态还原smelting reduction

铁溶法iron-bath process

科雷克斯法COREX process

生铁pig iron

海绵铁sponge iron

镜铁spiegel iron

清铁法H-rion process

5.7 炼钢

钢steel

炼钢steelmaking

钢水liquid steel,molten steel

钢semisteel

沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel

镇静钢killed steel

半镇静钢semikilled steel

压盖沸腾钢capped steel

坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking

双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process

连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process 直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process

混铁炉hot metal machine

装料机charging machine

装料期charging machine

加热期heating period

熔化期melting period

造渣期slag forming period

精炼期refining period

熔清melting down

脱氧deoxidation

预脱氧preliminary dexidation

还原渣reducing slag

酸性渣acid slag

碱性渣basic slag

脱碳decarburization 增碳recarburization

脱磷dephosphorization

回磷rephosphorization

脱硫desulfurization

回硫resulfurization

脱氮denitrogenation

过氧化overoxidation

出钢tapping

冶炼时间duration of heat

出钢样tapping sample

浇铸样casting sample

不合格炉次off heat

熔炼损耗melting loss

铁损iron loss

废钢scrap

废钢打包baling of scrap

造渣材料slag making materials

添加剂addition reagent

脱氧剂deoxidizer

脱硫剂desulfurizer

冷却剂coolant

回炉渣return slag

喷枪lance

浸入式喷枪submerged lance

钢包ladle

出钢口top hole

出钢槽pouring lining

炉顶furnace roof

炉衬furnace lining

炉衬侵蚀lining erosion

渣线slag line

炉衬寿命lining life

分区砌砖zoned lining

补炉fettling

热修hot repair

喷补gunning

火焰喷补flame gunning

转炉converter

底吹转炉bottom-blown converter

酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid conve rter

碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic conv erter

侧吹转炉side-blown converter

卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter

氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking

氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI c onverter

氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter q uiet basic oxygen

furnace,QBOF

顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown c onverter

喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process 底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steel making process,KMS

住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowi ng process,STB

LBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process, LBE

顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injectio n process,ALCI

蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM

面吹surface blow

软吹soft blow

硬吹hard blow

补吹reblow

过吹overblow

后吹after blow

目标碳aim carbon

终点碳end point carbon

高拉碳操作catch carbon practice

增碳操作recarburization practice

单渣操作single-slag operation

双渣操作double-slag operation

渣乳化slag emulsion

二次燃烧postcombustion

吹氧时间oxygen blow duration

吹炼终点blow end point

倒炉turning down

喷渣slopping

喷溅spitting

静态控制static control

动态控制dynamic control

氧枪oxygen lance

氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance

多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance 转炉炉体converter body

炉帽upper cone

炉口mouth,lip ring

装料大面impact pad

活动炉底removable bottom

顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance

副枪sublance

多孔砖nozzle brick

单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere

双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere

挡渣器slag stopper

挡渣塞floating plug

电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector

废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS

平炉open-hearth furnace

平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking

冷装法cold charge practice

热装法hot charge practice

碳沸腾carbon boil

石灰沸腾lime boil

炉底沸腾bottom boil

再沸腾reboil

有效炉底面积effective hearth area

酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace

碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace

固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace 倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace

双床平炉twin-hearth furnace

顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof o xygen lance

蓄热室regenerator

沉渣室slag pocket

电炉炼钢electric steelmaking

电弧炉electric arc furnace

超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace

直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furna ce

双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct cur rent arc furnace

竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace

电阻炉electric resistance furnace

工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace 中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnac

e

高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace 电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR

电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC

电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST

真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,VAR

真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM 电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR

等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR

水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting

等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PI M

等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PP C

等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC

能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF 氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner

氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner

氧化期oxidation period

还原期reduction period

长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制 long arc foaming sla g operation

白渣white slag

电石渣carbide slag

煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection

炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall

偏弧arc bias

透气塞porous plug

出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time

虹吸出钢siphon tapping

偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT

中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT

侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT

滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping

5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷

铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment

机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulf urization

鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization

二次精炼secondary refining

钢包精炼ladle refining

合成渣synthetic slag

微合金化microalloying 成分微调trimming

钢洁净度steel cleanness

钢包炉ladle furnace,LF

直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace

真空钢包炉LF-vacuum

真空脱气vacuum degassing

真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,VAD

真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF

真空精炼vacuum refining

钢流脱气stream degassing

提升式真空脱气法 Dortmund Horder vacuum deg assing process,DH

循环式真空脱气法 Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum deg assing process,RH

真空浇铸vacuum casting

吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB

川崎顶吹氧RH操作 RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH -KTB

喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB

喷粉法powder injection process

喷粉精炼injection refining

蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN 瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL

君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection proc ess

密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustmen t by sealed argon

bubbling,CAS

吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process

脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM

电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process 真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD

氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization proc ess,AOD

蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process, CLU

无渣精炼slag free refining

摇包法shaking ladle process

铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS

钢锭ingot

铸锭ingot casting

坑铸pit casting

车铸car casting

钢锭模ingot mold

保温帽hot top

下铸bottom casting

上铸top casting

补浇back pour,back feeding

浇注速度pouring speed

脱模ingot stripping

发热渣exoslag

防再氧化操作reoxidation protection

连续浇注continuous casting

连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casti ng machine,CCM

弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster

立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster

立式连铸机vertical caster

水平连铸机horizontal caster

小方坯连铸机billet caster

大方坯连铸机bloom caster

板坯连铸机slab caster

薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting

薄带连铸机strip caster

近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting

单辊式连铸机single-roll caster

单带式连铸机single-belt caster

双带式连铸机twin-belt caster

倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster [连铸]流strand

铸流间距strand distance

注流对中控制stream centering control

钢包回转台ladle turret

中间包tundish

回转式中间包swiveling tundish

倾动式中间包tiltable tundish

中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish

引锭杆dummy bar

刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar

挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar

结晶器mold

直型结晶器straight mold

弧形结晶器curved mold

组合式结晶器composite mold

多级结晶器multi-stage mold

调宽结晶器adjustable mold

结晶器振动mold oscillation 结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level

钢液面控制技术steel level control technique 保护渣casting powder,mold powder

凝壳shell

液芯liquid core

空气隙air gap

一次冷却区peimary cooling zone

二次冷却区secondary cooling zone

极限冷却速度critical cooling rate

浇铸半径casting radius

渗漏bleeding

拉坯速度casting speed

拉漏breaking out

振动波纹oscillation mark

水口堵塞nozzle clogging

气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling

分离环separating ring

拉辊withdrawal roll

立式导辊vertical guide roll

弯曲辊bending roll

夹辊pinch roll

矫直辊straightening roll

驱动辊driving roll

导向辊装置roller apron

切割定尺装置cut-to-length device

钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice

多点矫直multipoint straightening

电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS

浇注周期casting cycle

多炉连浇sequence casting

事故溢流槽emergercy launder

菜花头cauliflower top

钢锭缩头piped top

表面缺陷surface defect

内部缺陷internal defect

缩孔shrinkage cavity

中心缩孔center line shrinkage

气孔blowhole

表面气孔surface blowhole

皮下气孔subskin blowhole

针孔pinhole

铸疤feather

冷隔cold shut

炼钢缺陷lamination

发裂flake,hair crack

纵裂longitudinal crack

横裂transverse crack

角部横向裂纹transverse corner crack

角部纵向裂纹longitudinal corner crack

收缩裂纹shrinkage crack

热裂hot crack

冷裂cold crack

冷脆cold shortness

热脆hot shortness

夹渣slag inclusion

皮下夹杂subsurface inclusion

正偏析positive segregation

负偏析negative segregation,inverse seregati on

V形偏析∨-shaped segregation

倒V形偏析∧-shaped segregation

中心偏析center segregation

中心疏松center porosity

鼓肚bulging

脱方rhomboidity

连铸-直接轧制continuous casting-direct roll ing

工艺CC-DR

6 钢铁材料

铸铁cast iron

熟铁wrought iron

电解铁electrolytic iron

白口铸铁white cast iron

灰口铸铁grey cast iron

麻口铸铁mottled cast iron

变性铸铁modified cast iron

孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron

冷硬铸铁chilled cast iron

球墨铸铁nodular cast iron

蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron

可锻铸铁malleable cast iron

半可锻铸铁semi-malleable cast iron

奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron

贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron

共晶白口铁eutectic white iron

亚共晶白口铁hypoeutectic white iron

过共晶白口铁hypereutectic white iron

结构钢constructional steel 软钢mild steel

普通碳素钢plain carbon steel

正火钢normalized steel

热轧钢hot rolled steel

高强度低合金钢high-strength low-alloy steel 微合金钢micro-alloy steel

冷轧钢cold rolled steel

深冲钢deep drawing steel

双相钢dual phase steel

渗碳钢carburizing steel

渗氮钢nitriding steel

调质钢quenched and tempered steel

超高强度钢ultra-high strength steel

不锈钢stainless steel

奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel

铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel

马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel

双相不锈钢duplex stainless steel

马氏体时效钢maraging steel

耐蚀钢corrosion-resisting steel

耐热钢heat-resisting steel

弹簧钢spring steel

易切削钢free-machining steel

耐磨钢abrasion-resistant steel

工具钢tool steel

高速钢high-speed steel

冷作模具钢cold-work die steel

热作模具钢hot-work die steel

钢筋钢reinforced bar steel

钢轨钢rail steel

轮箍钢type steel

管线钢pipe line steel

锅炉钢boiler steel

电工钢electrical steel