从2016考研英语作文真题透析命题规律

从2016考研英语作文真题透析命题规律
从2016考研英语作文真题透析命题规律

从2016考研英语作文真题透析考研命题规律

都知道考研作文是和考验阅读相提并论的拿分大项,所以在考场博弈的时候,这两块是“兵家必争之地”。但是问题在于一篇能拿高分的作文,到底应该具备哪些特征呢?那么现在就让跨考教育英语教研室张帅老师透过2016年的考研作文真题来一起分析一下考研作文的规律。

这么多年的图画作文,从来不给出一个明确主题,但是对于考生而言,根据已给出的中文描述正确审出主题还是相对比较容易实现的。今年的作文题目也不例外。图画描述了两幅场景,第一幅中,抽着烟看着电视的父亲连头也不回地对自己的儿子说:你要好好学习;而在第二幅图中,父亲则和自己的孩子一起伏案学习。图画下方有一句话:与其提要求,不如做个榜样。

看完后,发现主题不难,但是值得关注的是,我们是否具有正确阐述主题的能力。比如2010年的文化融合用英文描述该是如何呢?又或者是2004年的主题是不断进取,那么不断进取的英文表述又该是如何呢?此外还有2005的养老足球赛,2006年的偶像崇拜等话题。所以相对于找主题,同学更纠结的是“我猜中了题目,却猜不中题目的正确展开方式啊!”

那么怎么化解这样的尴尬呢?当然,平时要多看China daily 这样以报道中国热门事件为核心的英文报纸。但是除此以外呢,其实考研写作主题多是与学生日常生活相关的社会现象与问题,如环境、文化、两代关系、人生价值、环境等一直是考查的重点。2009年是网络,2010年文化,2011年是环境,2012年是乐观, 2013年是就业,2014年是尊老爱幼。今年又考到了一个社会热点:家长的榜样作用-the role-model function of our parents。这里有一个热点词汇,叫role-model。所以,我们在平时积累的时候,一定要注意这些时下热门的topic,并进行信息整理和搜索,赢在起跑线上。

其次还有就是结构上的问题,考了这么多年作文。其实首段不说,只能描图,但是中间段是要自己发挥的。那么相对于第一段的模式化,第二段和第三段写些什么呢?其实当我们把20多年的话题放在一起的时候,我们还会发现,从结构来说,考研作文无非分为:问题解决类(图画显示的是某个亟待解决的社会问题);观点对比(图画反映的主题无所谓好坏,既有好的一面也有坏的一面);和人生价值(反映社会提倡的优秀品质)这三大类。那么其实在构架上就可以这样分类:问题解决类—原因论证+措施;观点对比—正反观点+合理利用优缺;人生价值—例证or正反对比+总结。2016年的作文属于问题解决类,第一幅图揭示了父母对于孩子的教育问题,而第二幅图已经给出了解决办法,就是以身作则。那么其实在这里我们第二段就可以写出现问题的原因,当然也可以写父母以身作则的原因,最后一段提出以身作则是一个有效方法,或是怎样以身作则的具体措施。

可是当主题确定也能正确表述,结构也已确定之后呢?到目前为止,我们只是做好了作文的构思。接下来要充实这个框架。那么在具体内容上,什么样的作文才能拿到高分。请对比以下几个句子:

1.The role that parents lead in family is very important.

2.It is crucial that leading a positive role in family should be high on the agenda of all parents.

3.I can think of nothing worthy of more attention for parents than keeping a ambitious and

diligent image in front of children.

4.Parents are to children what water is to trees.

通过上面的对比,我们很容易会发现,其实高分作文在表述上也是很重要的,也就是你的语言功底。高级词汇的使用,多样句式结构的使用都是作文亮点,如能准确适用会令你的作文妙笔生花。

所以通过分析,我们得知考研写作判卷原则是:语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位。也就是只要语言基本正确、结构比较清晰、内容与话题相关,均可取得及格分(12分)。如果语言精彩、结构严谨、论证充分,则可稳获高分(15分以上)。

总体来说,今年的大作文写作难度适中。虽然有些考生由于考场紧张、审题不清或论述无逻辑,有些同学将关键词拼写错误。其实无需过于焦虑,阅卷教师主要考察整体语言水平,不会因为个别错误完全降为低分。只要语言基本正确、结构比较清晰,均可取得不错的成绩。

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、accident n. 意外事件, 事故 2、achievement n. 成就, 功绩 3、activity n. 活跃, 活动性, 行动, 行为 4、adopt vt. 采用, 收养 5、advantage n. 优势, 有利条件, 利益 6、Afford vt. [常与can, could, be able to 连用]担负得起费用(损失、后果等), 花费得起, 经受得住; 抽得出(时间) 7、ambition n. 野心, 雄心 8、approach n. 接近, 逼近, 走进, 方法, 步骤, 途径, 通路vt. 接近,动手处理vi. 靠近 9、attract vt. 吸引vi. 有吸引力, 引起注意 10、bribe [braib] n. 贿赂vt. 贿赂, 向...行贿 11、chance n. 机会, 可能性, 偶然性, 运气 12、cheat n. 欺骗, 骗子v. 欺骗, 骗取 13、client n. [计]顾客, 客户, 委托人 14、Communication n. 传达, 信息, 交通, 通讯 15、compare v. 比较, 相比, 比喻n.比较 16、compete vi. 比赛, 竞争 17、Concentrate v. 集中, 浓缩 18、Consequently adv. 从而, 因此 19、contribution n. 捐献, 贡献, 投稿 20、Convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的 21、decline vi. 下倾, 下降, 下垂v. 拒绝, 衰落 22、decrease n. 减少, 减少之量v. 减少 23、demand n. 要求, 需求(量), 需要v.要求, 需要, 要求知道, 查询 24、Depict vt. 描述, 描写 25、Duality n. 二元性 26、Economy n. 经济, 节约, 节约措施, 经济实惠, 系统, 机体, 经济制度的状况 27、education n. 教育, 训导, 训练, 培养, 教育学 28、effect n. 结果, 效果, 作用, 影响, (在视听方面给人流下的)印象 29、Efficiency n. 效率, 功效 30、Emphasis n. 强调, 重点 31、enjoy vt. 享受...的乐趣, 欣赏, 喜爱 32、Enrich vt. 使富足, 使肥沃, 装饰, 加料于, 浓缩 33、ensure vt保证, 担保, 使安全, 保证得到v. 确保, 确保, 保证 34、Entertain vt. 娱乐, 招待, 接受, 怀抱vi. 款待 35、Environment n. 环境, 外界 36、Expense n. 费用, 代价, 损失, 开支, 费钱之物 37、fee [fi:] n. 费(会费、学费等), 酬金 38、figure n. 外形, 轮廓, 体形, 图形, 画像, 数字, 形状, 身份 39、finance n. 财政, 金融, 财政学vt. 供给...经费, 负担经费vi.筹措资金 40、fulfill vt. 履行, 实现, 完成(计划等) 41、GDP abbr. 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)

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