定语从句讲解与练习
2015届高三英语第一轮复习定语从句
一、定语从句的定义
定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。
1.概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
1. The students (who don't study hard) will not pass the exam.
先行词定语从句
主句:The students will not pass the exam.
2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词的作用有三：一是放在先行词和定语从句
之间起连接作用；二是在从句中担当一个成分，三是重复先行词的意义，故其数与先行词一致。
4.关系词
关系词先行
词
从
句
成
分
例句备注
关系代词
who 人
主
语
宾
语
1．The man who I met today told me to come
back.
2．What do you think of the boy who is
performing on the stage?
whom, that,
which在从
句中作宾语
时，在非正式
文体中常可
省略，但介词
提前时或在
非限制性定
语从句中，不
能用that,（即
“逗介无
that”）；介词
提前时，
whom, which
不可省。
whose=of
whom指人，
whose=of
which指物whom 人
宾
语
1.The girl (whom) I met looks like Lily.
2.I know the actor to whom you just talked.
that 人、物
主
语
宾
语
1.The plane that has just flown is for LA.
2.I am not the fool (that) you thought me to be.
which 物
主
语
宾
语
1.This is a book which describes Canada.
2.The pen (which) you lent me is missing.
whose 人、物
定
语
1.This is the scientist whose name is known all
over the world.
2.The room whose window is red is mine.
as 人、物
主
宾
1.Li Bai is a famous poet, as everybody knows.
2.He studies in the same college as I do.
表状
关系副词when 时间
状
语
1.Don’t forget the time when we met her.
2.It happened on the day when I was out.
when可用
in/on which
代替where 地点
1.This is the place where we lived last year.
2.I recently went to the town where I was born.
where可用
in/at which
代替why 原因
1. The reason why he didn’t come was that he
missed his train.
why可用for
which代替
注意：
★先行词表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that/which引导定语从句。这时要根据从句是否缺少了主语或宾语来判断。如果缺少了主语或宾语就用that/which，否则就用where。
Eg. This is the house where he lived.（live是不及物动词，不能带宾语）This is the house that / which he visited.（visit是及物动词，需要带宾语）
★关系副词why引导的定语从句的先行词只有reason一词，可以转换为for which。Eg. The reason why /for which I bought the roses is that my girlfriend likes them.
★the way表示"方式"时，它后面的定语从句用that或in which引导，常省略that 或in which。
Eg. This is the way (in which / that ) we did it.（“the way”是先行词，划线部分是定从）= This is how we did it. （划线部分直接充当表语，是表语从句）
3．只能用that的情况
①All, everything, anything, nothing ，little, much等不定代词作先行词时；
Eg. You must do everything that I do.
②当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及first, last等词修饰时；
Eg. James is the best singer that I have ever known.
③当先行词既指人又指物时；
Eg. We talked about the things and persons that we remembered in school.
④先行词被the only, the very修饰时；
Eg. She is the only person that I want to see.
⑤先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修饰时；
Eg. Please send us any information that you have about the subject.
⑥当句中已有who时，为避免重复。
Eg. Who is the person that is talking to our headmaster?
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
As 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别： 1. Which 引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而as 引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。
2. Which 既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“and this” or
“ and that”. 译为“这一点”。 而as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如…..那样”，且已形成固定结构。 常用的有：as is known(to all/us), as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected.等等.
eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist.
He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected.
My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.
三．介词+关系代词引导的定语从句---写作中的亮点 注意问题：
1． “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句的关系代词只有whom （指人），which （指物）和whose （表所有）。注意介词后不能用who 或that 。
2． “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句中关系代词不能省略，但介词后置时限制性定语从句中的关系代词可以省。 如：This is the girl to who
3． 关系副词可以用“介词 + 关系代词”来替换。when = at / in / on + which; where = at / in / on + which; why = for which 。关系代词whose 常可用“of + which / whom ”来替换。
4． 含有固定搭配的动词短语，由于其关系紧密，不宜拆分，所以不能将介词置于关系代词之前。这类常见的动词短语有：look after, take care of, look into, run across, look forward to, break into 等。
5． 介词短语在定语从句中作表语，构成“主系表”结构时，不能将介词提到关系代词前。这类介词短语有：be for, be against, be after, be with 等。
如：He put forward a plan that most people are against.(against 不可提前。) 类别 区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式(逗号)
× √
内容
不可缺少 (先行词有多样性) 补充说明
(先行词有唯一性)
译法 译成“…的” 分两句话译 关系代词 that √ × 作宾语 可以省略 不可省略 which 不指代整个句子 可指代整个句子
(一)、填空题(用定语从句引导词或介词+关系代词填空)
注意：在语法填空考试中，一条横线只能填一个从句引导词，不能出现一条横线上填介词+关系代词的情况。
1. She is the old woman__________ I saw this morning.
2. Mary is the girl ___________ parents work in Japan.
3. Is this the key____________ you are looking for?
4. October 1, 1949 is the day __________ New China was founded.
5. This is the house __________ the great man was born.
6. This is the house __________ the great man was born in.
7. I still remember the day _________ we spent in the forest.
8. I still remember the day ____________ I first came to Beijing.
9. The factory _________ we will visit is large.
10. The factory ___________ his father works is large.
11. I’ll never forget the time _____________ we work on the farm.
12. This is the house ____________ we lived last year.
13.Have you found the book ____________ I paid 29 US dollars?
14. Have you found the book _____________ I spent 29 US dollars?
15. Have you found the book _____________ we learnt a lot?
16.Have you found the book ____________ she often talks?
17. He’s the man ____________ I learnt the news.
18. This is the house __________ window was broken yesterday.
19. I don’t know the reason ____________ she looks unhappy today.
20. I do n’t know the reason ____________ she has told you .
21. All the neighbors admire this family, __________ the parents are treating their child
like a friend.
22. A person ___________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any
e-mails.
23. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of
beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
24. Since 1995, ______ people call the Year of the Internet, the world has turned flat
thanks to the net work..
25. We went to the West Lake yesterday, , not surprisingly, was crowded with
visitors from all over the world．
26.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval(间隙), _______ the audience can
buy ice-cream.
27.The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside.
Keys:
1. who/whom/that/--
2. whose
3.that/which/--
4. when/on which
5.where/in which
6.which/that
7. that/which/-- 8. when/on which 9. that/which/-- 10. where/in which 11. when/at which 12. where/in which 13. for
which 14. on which 15. from which 16. about which
17. from whom 18. whose 19. why/for which 20.which/ that 21.where 22.whose 23.whose 24.which 25.which
26.when
27.when
一．
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
2020考研语法指导：定语从句详解
2020考研语法指导：定语从句详解 定语从句是英语学习的难点，也是考研英语考查的重点。掌握考研英语的定语从句需要掌握以下几个方面： 一、定义 定语从句是指在句中做定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。 二、定语从句的结构 定语从句一般位于先行词的后面，定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which , that, as 和关系副词when, where, why 等引导。 一）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1） who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中做主语和宾语。例如：Is he the m an who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中做主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中做宾语） （2） whose用作关系词表示所属格，也可看作是关系形容词，因 为它后面必须接一个名词连用。不能单独使用。例如:
? They rushed over to help the man whose car had broke n down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 (3) which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可做主语、宾语等。作宾语时常可省略。例如： ? A prosperitywhich / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside? 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) 二)关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 (1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which ”结构，所以常常和“介词+ which ”结构交替使用。例如： There are occasionswhen (on which )one must yield? 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the placewhere in which ) I was born?北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why ( for which )he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们协助他的理由吗？ (2)that代替关系副词，能够用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which ”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：
高中定语从句详细讲解讲课教案
高中定语从句详细讲 解
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
定语从句易错题
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 解析:最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was. 请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： （1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3）Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?" A. that B. which C. where D. what 【解析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。 4. _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
英语语法讲解之定语从句
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=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter. 介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如： The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century. =The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century. ﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。 I live in a house far away from the city，in front of which is a big tree. There is an apple tree standing at the gate，on which are many apples. This is the man to whom I gave the book. ③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指 人用whom，指物用which)引导。One，some，any，none，all，both，several，many，most，neither，either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。 He has five children，two of whom are abroad. (比较：He has five children，and two of them are abroad.) We have three books，none of which is/are interesting. (比较：We have three books，but none of them is/are interesting.) 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。
(完整word)高中定语从句全面详细讲解
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