第五届“学府杯”翻译竞赛原文(英译汉)
Smart Energy Solutions: Increase Renewables
A variety of energy sources can be used to generate electricity, including coal, natural gas, nuclear power, and renewable resources like wind, water, plants, and the sun. Our energy choices have direct implications for our health, our environment, and our climate – and right now we are dangerously dependent on coal and other fossil fuels for most of our electricity needs.
Coal is abundant and more equally distributed throughout the world than oil and gas. Global recoverable reserves are the largest of all fossil fuels, and most countries have at least some. Moreover, existing and prospective big energy consumers like the US, China and India are self-sufficient in coal and will be for the foreseeable future. Coal has been exploited on a large scale for two centuries, so both the product and the available resources are well known; no substantial new deposits are expected to be discovered. Extrapolating the demand forecast forward, the world will consume 20% of its current reserves by 2030 and 40% by 2050. Hence, if current trends are maintained, coal would still last several hundred years. However, coal is the worst offender, a dirty energy source that produces less than half our electricity but more than 80 percent of all power plant carbon emissions, along with significant and harmful levels of pollutants that degrade our environment and adversely impact our health.
There’s a better, cleaner way to meet our energy needs. Renewable energy resources like wind and solar power generate electricity with little or no pollution and global warming emissions. To move the world toward a cleaner, healthier energy future, we need smart policy decisions focused on two primary goals: Increase renewable energy and decrease the use of coal.
Support for renewable energy is growing worldwide and at the beginning of 2014, the governments of 144 countries have set renewable energy targets, almost a ten-fold increase since 2005 when only 15 countries had policies in place. Emerging and developing economies are leading the way, with 95 of them having renewable energy policy plans, according to the Renewable 2014 Global Status Report.
The world generated 22.1 percent of its electricity from renewable sources in 2013, even though governments in the EU and US reduced their support. Renewable energy provides 6.5 million jobs worldwide, the report said.
China, the US, Brazil, Canada, and Germany are the top renewable power countries in 2013, with Spain, Italy, and India making huge strides, according to the report. Denmark leads per capita power generation, and Uruguay, Mauritius, and Costa Rica were among the top investment locations.
The most significant growth is in power generation, as global capacity jumped 8 percent to more than 1,560 gigawatts (GW) in the last year. Hydropower rose by 4 percent to 1,000 GW, and overall renewables grew 17 percent to more than 560 GW.
Over 140 countries have adopted new renewable energy targets, including the United States,
which has pledged to increase renewable energy capacity 50 percent by 2020. President Obama has promised to slash America’s dependence on coal, and to switch power plants towards cleaner energy.
However, it will be difficult for America to switch off coal consumption, as many states depend on it for their economic livelihood. Many lobbying groups are protesting the new clean energy act, saying it unfairly deprives local industries. Even though coal is a proven dirty energy source consumption has reached a 44-year high.
Alternative and clean energy is no longer just a hip trend among environmentalists, but a real energy solution that provides power to homes and offices. The market has matured and become an attractive option for energy security. From the currently available technologies, solar photovoltaics, followed by wind power, concentrated solar power and geothermal, have the highest potentials in the power sector. The use of ocean energy might be significantly higher, but with the current state of development, the technical and economical potential remains unclear.
Germany is pushing its economy towards renewables, and produces half of its electricity from solar power, The Local reports. In Denmark wind power meets 33 percent of electricity demand, in Spain 20.9 percent, and in Italy solar power meets 7.8 percent of electricity needs. Many cities across the globe have a goal to transition to 100% renewable energy.
Over the last 5 years, solar power has on average expanded 55 percent per year, according to the report. Clean energy is becoming cheaper and more popular with consumers, and investors are snapping up the opportunity. Elon Musk, the entrepreneur who invested early in PayPal and the Tesla electric car, has put money into solar power, and Google is weighing a move into the renewables sector.
Current levels of renewables development represent only a tiny fraction of what could be developed. Many regions of the world are rich in renewable resources. Spain and Portugal sit on a bed of geothermal energy, but currently use none of it. Scientists from the Renewable Energy Journal estimate Spain has the potential to produce up to 700 GW, which is five times the current electricity power generation of Spain.
翻译比赛
2012年第二十四届韩素音青年翻译奖规则及原文 2012-01-18 20:49:53| 分类：科研信息|字号订阅 中国译协《中国翻译》编辑部与江苏人文环境艺术设计研究院（中国译协江苏培训中心）联合举办第二十四届韩素音青年翻译奖竞赛。具体参赛规则如下： 一、本届竞赛分别设立英译汉和汉译英两个奖项，参赛者可任选一项或同时参加两项竞赛。 二、《中国翻译》2012年第1期以及中国翻译协会网站（https://www.360docs.net/doc/249997514.html,）韩素音青年翻译奖专栏刊登竞赛规则、竞赛原文；参赛报名表请到中国翻译协会网站韩素音青年翻译奖专栏下载。 三、参赛者年龄：45岁以下(1967年1月1
日后出生)。 四、参赛译文须独立完成，杜绝抄袭现象，一经发现，将取消参赛资格。请参赛者在大赛截稿之日前妥善保存参赛译文，请勿在书报刊、网络等任何媒体公布自己的参赛译文，否则将被取消参赛资格并承担由此造成的一切后果。 五、参赛译文和参赛报名表格式要求：参赛译文应为WORD电子文档，中文宋体、英文Times New Roman字体，全文小四号字，1.5倍行距，文档命名格式为“XXX（姓名）英译汉”或“XXX（姓名）汉译英”。参赛报名表文档命名格式为“XXX（姓名）英译汉参赛报名表”或“XXX（姓名）汉译英参赛报名表”。译文正文内请勿书写译者姓名、地址等任何个人信息，否则将被视为无效译文。每项参赛译文一稿有效，恕不接收修改稿。 六、参赛方式及截稿日期：请参赛者于2012年5月31日（含）前将参赛译文及参赛报
名表以电子文档附件形式发送至hansuyin2012@https://www.360docs.net/doc/249997514.html,，发送成功的文档得到自动回复后，请勿重复发送。如需查询是否发送成功，可在6月10日至7月10日之间拨打电话（010）68997177。本届竞赛不再接收打印稿。 七、参赛者在提交参赛译文后，交寄报名费50元，如同时参加两项竞赛，请交报名费100元。 汇款地址：北京市阜外百万庄大街24号《中国翻译》编辑部，收款人：《中国翻译》编辑部，邮编：100037。请在汇款单附言上注明“XXX（姓名）参赛报名费”字样。未交报名费的参赛译文无效。 八、本届竞赛设一、二、三等奖和优秀奖若干名，一、二、三等奖获得者将被授予奖金、奖杯、证书和纪念品，优秀奖获得者将被授予证书和纪念品。2012年第6期(11月15日出版)《中国翻译》杂志将公布竞赛结果。
短文翻译答案版
英译汉短文翻译 1. Job security is extremely hard to come by these days, no matter what profession you choose. It isn't enough to pursue a field with perceived stability, say the experts. You'll want to find something you feel passionate about, can make a living doing and that involves using skills you can easily apply to other fields. 在当前的经济形势下，无论你从事何种职业，就业稳定都很难找到稳定的就业机会。专家们表示，光是追求预计能够带来稳定就业的领域是不够的。你希望追求的方向应该是你所热爱的、能够借以维持生计的职业，并且能够运用到一些你可以轻松转换到其它领域的技能。 2. Love plays a pivotal role on out life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better. 爱在生活之外扮演了一个关键的角色。爱使你想要得到些什么。没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得凶暴、残忍。在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的关爱，他们教会我们判断正确与错误、好与坏。然而我们常常把这想当然了，只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。孩子让我们变得富有责任心、变得成熟稳重，并且更好的理解人生 3. When companies have different employees on the same job and one of them is paid differently, many unfairness issues surface. "It can happen in any 'open shop' that differentiates pay for any reason (seniority, performance, etc.)," says Dauphinais. You could run the risk of alienating valued colleagues if they learn you earn more for what they perceive to be the same job. 公司雇佣不同的人员从事同一岗位的工作时，如果其中有个人的薪资不同时，很多不公平的问题就会浮出水面。Dauphinais 说：“这种情况在任何开放行业都有可能发生，因为不同的原因（资历，表现等）员工的薪酬不同”。如果你让同事知道你们在做相同的工作，而你的工资比他们高，那么你就可能会被你很重视的同事疏远。 4. Spouses are a bigger source of stress than bosses, research shows. There may be no place like home, but if you want to relax then you might be better off at work, according to the survey.
英译汉历年真题翻译
英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装置并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场“技术”对“天才”之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。
1995年真题参考译文 广泛用来帮助选拔、分类、委派或者提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育或心理测试最近在图书、杂志、日报甚至国会中成了攻击的目标。(71)把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这些测试的时候，批评家没有注意到错误在于那些不甚了解或者是不能胜任的使用者。测试本身只是工具，其特点是在具体条件下可以得到相当精确的测定。测试结果究竟是有价值、无意义或者有误导作用在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。 所有对未来表现有根据的预测都取决于对相关的过去表现的一些了解：学习成绩、研究能力、销售纪录或者任何合适的信息。(72)这些测试将在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。任何认真记分的人都知道，能获得的信息往往不全面，而且预测很容易出现错误。应该根据这种情况看待标准化测试。对于一个人的学识，他所掌握的技能或者他是哪种类型的人，标准化测试提供了快捷，而客观的获取信息的办法、和其他种类的信息一样，按这种方法获得的信息从质量上来讲也有其自身的长处和短处。(73)因此，在某一特定情况下，究竟是采用测试，(采用)其他种类的信息，或是两者兼用，取决于与相对效度有关的来自经验的证据，还取决于诸如费用和可获取性之类的因素。(74)一般来说，当所要测定的特征能够最为精确地界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。如果使用得当，测试提供一种快速获取有关许多人的可比性信息的方法，有时还会鉴别出潜力大、过去却未被承认的学生，但测试无法做到的事情也很多。(75)例如，这些测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公平现
英译汉段落翻译1
Paradox of Our Times We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time; we have more degrees, but less common sense; more knowledge, but less judgment; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness. We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk too much, love too little and lie too often. We’ve learned how to make a living, but not a life; we’ve added years to life, not life to years. We have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrow viewpoints. We spend more, but have less; we buy more, but enjoy it less. We’ve been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet the new neighbor. We’ve conquered outer space, but not inner space. We’ve split the atom, but not our prejudice; we write more, but learn less; plan more, but accomplish less. We’ve learned to rush, but not to wait; we have higher incomes, but lower morals. We build more computers to hold more information, to produce more copies, but have less communication. We are long on quantity, but short on quality. These are the times of fast foods and slow digestion; tall men and short character; steep profits and shallow relationship. More leisure and less fun; more kinds of food, but less nutrition; two incomes but more divorce; fancier houses, but broken homes.
2017年韩音素翻译竞赛英译汉原文
英译汉竞赛原文： The Concept of Intelligence in Cross-cultural Perspectives [1] One of the positive outcomes from so much research on the relationship between culture and intelligence is an expanded view of what intelligence may be, and how it may be conceptually related to culture. This issue is intricately intertwined with cross-cultural research on intelligence because one of the possible confounding factors in previous studies that documented cultural differences has been cultural differences in the very concept and meaning of intelligence. [2] Researchers in this area have discovered that many languages have no word that corresponds to our idea of intelligence. The closest Mandarin equivalent, for instance, is a Chinese character that means “good brain and talented”. Chinese people often associate this concept with traits such as imitation, effort, and social responsibility. Such traits do not constitute important elements of the concept of intelligence for most Americans. [3] African cultures provide a number of examples. The Baganda of East Africa use the word obugezi to refer to a combination of mental and social skills that make a person steady, cautious, and friendly. The Djerma-Songhai in West Africa use the term akkal, which has an even broader meaning – a combination of intelligence, know-how, and social skills. Still another society, the Baoule, uses the term n’glouele, which describes children who are not only mentally alert but also willing to volunteer their services without being asked. [4] Because of the enormous differences in the ways cultures define intelligence, it is difficult to make valid comparisons from one society to another. That is, different cultures value different traits (their definition of “intelligence”) and have divergent views concerning which traits are useful in predicting future important behaviors (also culturally defined). People in different cultures not only disagree about what constitutes intelligence but also about the proper way to demonstrate those abilities. In mainstream North American society, individuals are typically rewarded for displaying knowledge and skills. This same behavior may be considered improper, arrogant, or rude in societies that stress personal relationships, cooperation, and modesty. [5] These differences are important to cross-cultural studies of intelligence because successful performance on a task of intelligence may require behavior that is considered immodest and arrogant in Culture A (and therefore only reluctantly displayed by members of Culture A)but desirable in Culture B (and therefore readily displayed by members of Culture B). Clearly, such different attitudes toward the same behavior could lead researchers to draw inaccurate conclusions about differences in intelligence between Culture A and Culture B. [6] Another reason it is difficult to compare intelligence cross-culturally is that tests of intelligence often rely on knowledge that is specific to a particular culture; investigators based in that culture may not even know what to test for in a different culture. For example, one U.S. intelligence test contains the following question: “How does a violin resemble a piano?” Clearly, this question assumes prior knowledge about violins and pianos –quite a reasonable expectation for middle-class Americans, but not for people from cultures that use different musical instruments. [7] Our expanding knowledge about cultural differences in the concept of intelligence has had important ramifications for our theoretical understanding of intelligence in mainstream American psychology as well. Although traditional thinking and reasoning abilities have dominated views of intelligence in the past, in recent years psychologists have begun to turn their attention to other possible aspects of intelligence. Until very recently, for example, creativity was not considered a part of intelligence; now, however, psychologists are increasingly considering this important human ability as a type of intelligence. Other aspects of intelligence are also coming to the forefront. A psychologist has suggested that there are really seven different types of intelligence: logical mathematical, linguistic, musical, spatial, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. According to this scheme, not only do the core components of each of these seven types of intelligence differ, but so do some sample end-states (such as mathematician versus dancer). His theory of
英译汉练习短文6篇
英译汉练习短文6篇· Passage 1 Satiric Literature1 Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspected before Cervantes2, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley3, and people were aware of famine before Swift4. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression，the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are
历年六级真题翻译汇总
1、闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6,000 多公里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器( porcelain) 也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。 The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China 's ilk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market. 2、中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。 After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and private gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting. 3、中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008 年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿” (Iongevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。 Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is simiIar to the custom of ceIebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of ceIebrating Mid-Autumn festivaI became popuIar throughout China in the earIy Tang dynasty. The Iunar August 15 is a day for peopIe worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzIing bright moon, famiIies reunite and enjoy the moon'sbeauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festivaI was Iisted as one of China's cuIturaI heritage, and in 2008, it was cIassified as a pubIic hoIiday. Moon
专八英译汉段落翻译完整版 中英文对照
My First Job When I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume. But the limit was reached one Tuesday — my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my emplo yer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this. On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute,” said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up. I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for a quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order. This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up and said to the boss: “Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday?” I have never seen a man look m ore astonished than he did then. “What do you mean?” he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham. He looked at me as if I were some unusual kind f insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. “Go out and get another boy,” he yelled at a shop-assistant. “Are you going to deliver them or not?” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone. I repeated what I had said before. “Then, out of here,” he shouted. So I got out. This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer.
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历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
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