Field-Symbols用法

Field-Symbols用法
Field-Symbols用法

(一)定义

1 . FIELD-SYMBOLS: []为内部字段定义field-symbols .

当不输入时﹐继承赋给它的变量的所有属性

当输入时﹐赋给它的变量必须与同类型

例如﹕(说明﹕用户日期格式为dd.mm.yyyy)

FIELD-SYMBOLS: .

DATA: dat(8) VALUE '19950916' .

ASSIGN dat TO .

WRITE:/ .

< f1>继承dat属性﹐为C型﹐输出为: 19950916

FIELD-SYMBOLS: TYPE d.

DATA: dat(8) VALUE '19950916' .

ASSIGN dat TO .

WRITE:/ .

< f1>类型为D型﹐而dat为C型﹐类型不匹配﹐出现语法错误

FIELD-SYMBOLS: TYPE d.

DATA: dat(8) VALUE '19950916' .

ASSIGN dat TO TYPE 'D' .

WRITE:/ .

< f1>类型为D型﹐而dat为C型﹐类型不匹配﹐但TYPE ‘D’是将dat类型转换成D型再分配给 输出为﹕16091995

2.定义结构化的field-symbols

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE DEFAULT .

首先将指派给 ,然后继承结构的属性

注意点: a. 中不包涵类型为I或F字段时﹐的定义长度>= 所有字段长度之和﹐否则语

法错误

b. 中包涵类型为I或F字段时﹐最好为结构类型﹐且结构应该同与 ﹐否则容

易出错

例如﹕

DATA: wa(100) VALUE '001LH 123419950627' .

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

col1(6) TYPE c,

col2(4) TYPE c,

col3(8) TYPE c,

END OF line1.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE sbook DEFAULT wa . “sbook为SAP现存结构

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE line1 DEFAULT wa .

WRITE:/ -mandt, -carrid, -connid, -fldate .

WRITE:/ -col1, -col2, -col3 .

输出结果﹕001 LH 1234 27.06.1995

001LH 1234 19950627

如果下列代码就会出错﹕(原因wa没有line1长)

DATA: wa(17) VALUE '001LH 123419950627' .

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

col1(6) TYPE c,

col2(4) TYPE c,

col3(8) TYPE c,

END OF line1.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE line1 DEFAULT wa .

结构中含有I, F类型的结构例如﹕

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

col1 TYPE i,

col2(4) TYPE c,

END OF line1.

DATA: BEGIN OF line2,

col1 TYPE i,

col2(4) TYPE c ,

END OF line2 .

line2-col1 = 8 . line2-col2 = 'test' .

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE line1 DEFAULT line2 . WRITE:/ -col1, -col2 .

输出结果﹕8 test

如果如下则错误(因为line2长度< line1 )

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

col1 TYPE i,

col2(5) TYPE c,

END OF line1.

DATA: BEGIN OF line2,

col1 TYPE i,

col2(4) TYPE c ,

END OF line2 .

line2-col1 = 8 . line2-col2 = 'test' .

FIELD-SYMBOLS: STRUCTURE line1 DEFAULT line2 . WRITE:/ -col1, -col2 .

(二) ASSIGN的用法﹕

1.静态分配

a.无偏移量

ASSIGN TO

例如﹕

FIELD-SYMBOLS: .

FIELD-SYMBOLS: TYPE i .

DATA: txt(20) TYPE c VALUE 'Hello, How are you?'. DATA: num TYPE i VALUE 5 .

ASSIGN txt TO .

ASSIGN num TO .

DESCRIBE FIELD LENGTH .

WRITE:/ , 'has length', .

输出结果﹕Hello, How are you? has length 20

如下代码将出错(原因没有指向任何内存地址)

FIELD-SYMBOLS: .

FIELD-SYMBOLS: TYPE i .

DATA: txt(20) TYPE c VALUE 'Hello, How are you?'.

DATA: num TYPE i VALUE 5 .

ASSIGN txt TO .

*ASSIGN num TO .

DESCRIBE FIELD LENGTH .

WRITE:/ , 'has length', .

b.有偏移量

ASSIGN [+][()] TO

说明﹕(1). 都可以是变量

(2).系统不会判断所选择的部分是否在内部,偏移量和长度都可以比

的长度大,写地址时﹐可以超出的的限制﹐但不能超过定义的内存区

(3).如果没有指定长度 ,系统默认为的长度

(4).如果小于的长度﹐可以通过为指定一个‘*’来阻止

限制之外的区域

例如﹕

FIELD-SYMBOLS: .

DATA: BEGIN OF line1,

col1(10) VALUE '0123456789',

col2(10) VALUE 'abedefghij',

END OF line1.

WRITE:/ line1-col1+5.

ASSIGN line1-col1+5 TO .

WRITE:/ .

ASSIGN line1-col1+5(*) TO .

WRITE:/ .

输出结果﹕56789

56789abede

56789

在内存地址分配时﹐和容易造成内存中的数据更改问题﹐例如﹕

FIELD-SYMBOLS: , .

DATA: BEGIN OF line ,

a VALUE '1',

b VALUE '2',

c VALUE '3',

d VALUE '4',

e VALUE '5',

f VALUE '6',

g VALUE '7', h VALUE '8',

END OF line .

DATA: off TYPE i .

DATA: len TYPE i VALUE 2 .

ASSIGN line TO .

WRITE:/ .

DO 2 TIMES .

off = sy-index * 3 .

ASSIGN line-a+off(1) TO .

= 'XX'.

ENDDO .

ASSIGN line TO .

WRITE:/ .

输出结果为﹕12345678

123X56X8

可以看出在把的地址指向line时﹐ = ‘XX’时就更改了所指定的内存中的值

2.动态分配(不是万不得以﹐不要使用这种方式,因其找非常容易出错)

a. ASSIGN () TO

说明﹕1.如果分配是在子程序或功能模块中执行﹐程序将在局部的子程序或功能模块中搜索字段

2.如果分配是在子程序或功能模块之外执行,或未找到字段,程序在全局变量中搜索

字段

3.如在全局变量中都未找到字段,则在工作程序Tables处声明的工作区中寻找

注意﹕如果找到 ,则SY-SUBRC = 0 ,否则SY-SUBRC = 4

例如﹕

主程序Report1 .

REPORT1 .

TABLES : SBOOK .

SBOOK-FLDATE = ‘20031219’ .

PERFORM fomr1(Report2) .

子程序Report2 .

REPORT2 .

FORM form1 .

PERFORM form2(Report3) .

ENDFORM .

字程序Report3 .

REPORT3.

FORM form2 .

DATA: name(20) TYPE C VALUE ‘SBOOK-FLDATE’ .

FIELD-SYMBOLS .

ASSIGN (name) to .

IF SY-SUBRC = 0 .

WRITE:/ .

ENDIF .

ENDFORM .

输出结果﹕19.12.2003

说明﹕子程序Report3中引用了主程序的工作取区域的字段fldate,如果用静态Assign来无法实现﹐因为在子程序Report3无SBOOK-FLDATE ,语法检查会出现错误

b.表工作区的动态分配

ASSIGN TABLE FIELD () TO

把主程序T ables处声明的工作区域指派给

例如﹕

TABLES : sbook .

DATA: name1(20) VALUE 'SBOOK-FLDATE' .

DATA: name2(20) VALUE 'name1' .

FIELD-SYMBOLS : .

ASSIGN TABLE FIELD (name1) TO .

WRITE:/ 'sy-subrc' , sy-subrc .

ASSIGN TABLE FIELD (name2) TO .

WRITE:/ 'sy-subrc' , sy-subrc .

输出结果﹕sy-subrc 0

sy-subrc 4

3.将字段符号分配给其他字段符号

ASSIGN [+][()] TO .

等同与下列动态分配

ASSING TABLE FIELD () TO .

其中包含字段符号的名称

说明﹕可以是同一个字段符号

例如﹕

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

a VALUE '1',

b VALUE '2',

c VALUE '3',

d VALUE '4',

e VALUE '5',

f VALUE '6',

g VALUE '7', h VALUE '8',

END OF line1 .

DATA: off TYPE i .

FIELD-SYMBOLS : .

ASSIGN line1-a TO .

DO 4 TIMES .

off = sy-index - 1 .

ASSIGN +off(1) TO .

WRITE: .

ENDDO .

输出结果﹕1 2 4 7

分析﹕

首先指向line1-a地址

循环中﹕

off = 0时, ?+0(1) , 指向line1-a地址值为﹕1

off = 1时, ?+1(1) , 指向line1-b地址值为﹕2

off = 2时, ?+2(1) , 指向line1-d地址值为﹕4

off = 3时, ?+2(1) , 指向line1-g地址值为﹕7

4.分配字段串组件

ASSIGN COMPONENT OF STRUCTURE TO .

系统将字符串的组件赋给字段符号 ,可以指定为文字或变量

例如﹕

DATA: BEGIN OF line1,

col1 TYPE i VALUE '11',

col2 TYPE i VALUE '22',

col3 TYPE i VALUE '33',

END OF line1.

DATA: comp(10) TYPE c VALUE 'col3' .

FIELD-SYMBOLS : , , .

ASSIGN line1 TO .

ASSIGN comp TO .

DO 3 TIMES .

ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE TO .

WRITE: .

ENDDO .

ASSIGN COMPONENT OF STRUCTURE TO .

WRITE: / .

输出结果﹕11 22 33

33

(三) .定义字段符号的格式

1.定义字段符号的类型

ASSIGN …. TO TYPE .

说明﹕a.如果没有定义类型﹐则不继承赋给它的变量的类型与长度﹐而类型为 b.如果定义了类型﹐则系统将赋给它的变量的类型转换成在给,此时

注意类型转化的可兼容性

例如﹕

DATA: text(8) TYPE c VALUE '20031221' .

DATA: t_type .

DATA: t_len TYPE i .

FIELD-SYMBOLS : .

ASSIGN text TO .

WRITE:/ .

DESCRIBE FIELD TYPE t_type

LENGTH t_len .

WRITE: t_type , t_len .

ASSIGN text TO TYPE 'D' .

WRITE:/ .

DESCRIBE FIELD TYPE t_type

LENGTH t_len .

WRITE: t_type , t_len .

输出结果﹕20031221 C 8

21122003 D 8

2.更改字段符号的小数位

ASSIGN …. TO DECIMALS .

说明﹕的小数位为位﹐这会导致字段符号的值与指派的变量的值不同。

可以是变量或常量﹐如果不在0和14之间﹐或者指派的变量的类型不是P

型﹐将导致程序运行错误

例如﹕

DATA: pack1 TYPE p DECIMALS 2 VALUE '400' .

DATA: pack2 TYPE p DECIMALS 2 .

DATA: pack3 TYPE p DECIMALS 2 .

FIELD-SYMBOLS: , .

WRITE:/1(8) 'Pack1', pack1 .

ASSIGN pack1 TO DECIMALS 1 .

WRITE:/1(8) '', .

pack2 = .

WRITE:/1(8) 'Pack2', pack2 .

ASSIGN pack2 TO DECIMALS 4 .

WRITE:/1(8) '', .

pack3 = + .

WRITE:/1(8) 'Pack3', pack3 .

< f2> = '1234.56779' .

WRITE:/1(8) '', .

WRITE:/1(8) 'Pack2', pack2 .

输出结果﹕

Pack1 400.00

< f1> 4,000.0

Pack2 4,000.00

< f2> 40.0000

Pack3 4,040.00

< f2> 1,234.5678

Pack2 123,456.78

(四) .运行检查﹐防止取指派变量定义取之外的数据

注意点﹕1.对于内表﹐存储区的大小由记录的行数的多少﹐这种表行数不固定﹐运行时存储区动态分配, 容易造成取存储区之外的数据﹐应该注意

2.对于DATA定义的变量﹐存储区固定﹐注意不要取存储区之外的数据

例如﹕

DATA: BEGIN OF line1 ,

col1(4) TYPE c VALUE '1234',

col2(2) TYPE c VALUE '56',

END OF line1 .

DATA: text1(1) TYPE c VALUE 'a' . DATA: text2(2) TYPE c VALUE 'bc' . DATA: text3(3) TYPE c VALUE 'def'. FIELD-SYMBOLS : .

DO 6 TIMES .

ASSIGN text1+sy-index(1) TO . WRITE: .

ENDDO.

程序运行错误,因为在循环中超出存储区域的范围

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一、请用正确的形式填空。 1. If I come, I ________ ( see ) you. 2. If it is fine, we______( go ) for a walk. 3. If it rained, they _________ ( stay ) at home. 4. You will spoil it if you ______ ( not be ) careful. 5. We would be very much pleased if you _____( come ). 6. Will you help me if I _____ ( need ) you. 7. They will get wet if it _____ ( rain ). 8. What a pity I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _________( take ) you to the airport. 9. We would answer if we _____( can ). 10. If you eat too much, you ______( get ) ill. 二、选择正确的答案。 ()1.If you want to learn English well,you must use it as___as possible. A.often B.long C.many D.soon ()2.---What will Bill do if he____in the test? ---He will try again. A.fail B.fails C.will fail D.is failing ()3.Please tell her the news when she_____.OK,I will. https://www.360docs.net/doc/2f11716402.html,es B.will come. https://www.360docs.net/doc/2f11716402.html,e D.would come ()4.The students will plant trees if it___tomorrow. A.didn’t rain B.hasn’t rained C.won’t rain D.doesn’t rain ()5.We__home if there is no bus.---Oh,what a pity! A.will walk B.have walked C.walked D.walk ()6.If it_____tomorrow,I’ll go by car. A.rain B.will rain C.rains D.would rain ()7.If Mary_______next Sunday,we will go boating together. A.will come https://www.360docs.net/doc/2f11716402.html,es C.shall come D.should come ()8.---Don’t forget to ask him to write to me. ---I won’t.As soon as he_______,I’ll ask him to write to you. A.will come B.came https://www.360docs.net/doc/2f11716402.html,es D.is coming ()9._____the young girl_____the old man clean his room every day? -Yes,she does. A.Does;help B.Has;helped C.Did;help D.Do;helps ()10.Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth___aro und the sun.

英语倒装句归纳

英语倒装句的用法 类型 1)部分倒装——助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型 2)全倒装——谓语+主语型 一、在以下结构中用全倒装:这种结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1.在there be或者There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….) 句型中;如: There are thousands of people on the square. 原语序:Thousands of people are there on the square. There lived an old fisherman in the village. 原语序:An old fisherman lived there in the village. There stands a little girl. 正常语序:A little girl stands there. 2.在“here, there, now, thus, then+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be, go, come, lie, run等,主 语为名词); Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then came the order to leave. Here comes a bus= A bus comes here. 3.在“out\ in, up\ down, off\away,in the distance,on the hill,round the corner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首,且主语又是名词,谓语是表示运动的动词。 Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black. Out rushed the children.. Down fell the leaves. On the floor were piles of old books. ☆注意:主语必须是名词 eg: Out she went.There they are. Here he comes. 而Out went the girl. Here comes the boy. 4.有时为了强调表语,构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构; Lucky is she who was chosen to be a leader.=She who was chosen to be a leader is lucky. Gone are the days when women were looked down upon! =The days when women were looked down upon are gone! 5、在某些表示愿望的祝愿语中,全倒装。 Long live the People's Republic of China! May you be happy! 二、在以下结构中用部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 1.含有否定或半否定意义的词语(如:not,never,seldom,hardly,little,scarcely,barely,few…);或者含有否定结构的连词(not only…but also.., neither..nor.., no sooner had…than...(一。。。就。。。),scarely..than.., Hardly had...when.., not until...;nowhere等);或否定意义的介词词组(by no means(决不),in no case\way(任何情况下都不),with no method, at no time(决不), on no account(决不),under no circumstances\condition...(任何情况下都不))位于句首eg: I have never seen him before.=Never have I seen him before. Not a word did he say when he left. Seldom/Scarecely does he go to that park. Hardly(几乎不。。。) do I speak to him. Little English can he speak. Little does he realize the importance of the meeting. Few people did I see in the street. 含有否定结构的连词:

英语倒装句解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)

英语倒装句解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案) 一、倒装句 1.Jim, here _________ some letters for you. A. is B. are C. have D. Has 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:吉姆,这是你的一些信。A.is 是;B.are 是;C.have 有;D.has有。Here is/are 是倒装结构,相当于Jim, some letters are here for you.故选B。【点评】考查倒装句型,here be+主语(名词)。 2.—I didn't go to Tom's birthday party yesterday. What about you? —________, because I was preparing for the exam all the time. A. Neither was I B. Neither am I C. Neither did I D. Neither do I 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我没有去汤姆的生日宴会,你呢?——我也没去,因为我一直准备考试。根据倒装句neither助动词-主语,表示主语也没去做上面的那件事情,根据题意可知是用一般过去时故助动词用did。故选C。 【点评】考查特殊句式,本题涉及倒装句neither助动词-主语。 3.—We are not allowed to bring any snacks or drinks at the school meeting. — . A. Neither are we B. Neither do we C. So are we D. So do we 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:—我们在学校会议上不被允许带任何零食和饮料。—我们也是。根据We are not allowed可知此处表示否定,并且助动词用are,故表示我们也不被允许,用Neither are we。故选A。 【点评】表示与前面肯定句的情况一样,用句型So+助动词+主语。表示与前面否定句的情况一样,用句型Neither +助动词+主语。助动词与前一句的助动词一致。 4.—Listen! . —Oh,let's go to the classroom. A. There goes the bell B. There's the bell C. There the bell goes D. The bell goes there 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:---听,铃响了。---哦,咱们去教室吧。There goes the bell是倒装句,相当于“The bell is ringing。”故答案为A。 【点评】考查倒装句。

主将从现及练习

主将从现 概念: 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用一般现在时从句则用一般现在时表示一般将来。 适用条件:1.主句和从句的动作都是将来要发生的动作 2.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中 时间状语从句的关联词有: after在-----以后,before在-----以前when当----的时候,as soon as一-----就------ until到----为止 条件状语从句的关联词有: if如果和unless除非,如果不 首先要分清主句和从句: 如: When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look after patients. I want to be a doctor when I grow up. 注意: 无论主句和从句都可以在前面或者后面,紧跟在关联词后的才是从句。 其次,还要注意主句的各种变体。主句可以是标准的将来时: will+动词原形或者be going to+动词原形也可以是一下两种情况: 1、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时 如:

Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。 2、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时,根据需要从句多用一般现在时 如: You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 最后: 当主句是过去将来时时,从句用一般过去时表示过去将来。He said that he would have another try if he had the chance. I knew he could help me if he was free the next day. 请用正确的形式填空。 2. If it is fine, we___( go ) for a walk. 3. If it rained, they _____ ( stay ) at home. 4. You will spoil it if you ___ ( not be ) careful. 6. Will you help me if I ___ ( need ) you. 7. They will get wet if it ___ ( rain ). 8. What a pity I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _____( take ) you to theairport. 9. We would answer if we ___( can ). 10. If you eat too much, you ___( get ) ill.

一般现在时用法

般现在时讲解与练习 一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能 1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue. 2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如如: I get up at six every day. 一般现在时的构成 1. be 动词:主语+be(am,is,are) +其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词+其它。如: We study En glish.我们学习英语。 【注】当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it )时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句:主语be+not +其它。 如口:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

非凡疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 ①否定句:主语+ do n't( does n't ) + 动词原形(其它)。如: I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does n't构成否定句。如: He does n't ofte n play. ②一般疑问句:Do( Does )+主语 +动词原形+ 其它。如: -Do you ofte n play football? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。 一般现在时态练习题 I. 写出下列动词的相应形式: 1. 第三人称单数: wash ________ match _______ guess _____ s tudy ______ finish ________ go ________ s now _____ carry _________ 一般现在时用法专练(A) □.按照要求改写句子。 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) Daniel _________ ___________ T V every evening. 2. I do my homework every day .(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)

英语倒装句地用法

英语倒装句的用法 英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”,倒装语序为“谓语(或谓语的一部分)+主语”。 1)部分倒装---- 助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型 2)全倒装---- 谓语+主语型 在以下结构中用全倒装 此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1.在there be或者There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….) 句型中; 如There are thousands of people on the square. Thousands of people are there on the square. There lived an old fisherman in the village. 原语序:An old fisherman lived there in the village. There stands a little girl. 正常语序:A little girl stands there. 2.在“here, there, now, thus, the n+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be, go, come, lie, run等转移动词一起连用,主语为名词); 如: Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then came the order to leave. Here comes a bus= A bus comes here. A)此类倒装不用进行时态。Here comes a taxi! There goes the last train! 有辆出租车来了! 最后一班火车开走了! (注意这里不可用进行时) B)上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here it comes! There it goes! 3.在“out\ in, up\ down, off\away,in the distance,on the hill,round the corner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首,且主语又是名词,谓语是表示运动的动词。 Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black. Out rushed the children.. Down fell the leaves. On the floor were piles of old books. ☆注意:主语必须是名词 eg: Out she went.There they are. Here he comes. 而Out went the girl. Here comes the boy. 地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词 (如lie, live, sit, stand) 或转移的动词 (如c ome, go, rise),用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如:At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel. 那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。 In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers. 罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。

英语倒装句练习题含答案

英语倒装句练习题含答案 一、倒装句 1.-I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather. -_______. I can't stand all this rain. A. I don't care B. It's hard to say C. So am I D. I hope not 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】A. I don't care 我不在乎 B. It's hard to say很难说C. So am I 我也是 D. I hope not我希望不要这样;句意:我不知道你的情况,但是我生病了,讨厌这种天气。我也是,我忍受不了这雨了。故选C 【点评】“So+谓语+主语”此句型为倒装结构,其主语与上文句子中的主语是不同的。so代表上句中陈述的肯定内容。谓语可以是连系动词、情态动词或助动词,且必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致,意思为“…也是如此”。“So+ 主 + 谓”表示讨论同一人做某事。 2.—Oh, my god! Recently I have put on 5 pounds. — . I think I should lose weight. A. So do I B. So have I C. Neither do I D. Neither have I 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:—啊,我的天呀!最近我长胖了五磅。—我也是,我认为我应该减减肥了。so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词:某某确实如此,主语与上文是同一人。So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语:某某也如此,主语与上文不是同一人,表示后者适合前者。上文是否定句,下文表示某某也不,用 neither +助动词+主语。这些句式在时态上与前一个句子相同。根据上句是肯定句,现在完成时态,主语与上句不同,故选B。 【点评】考查固定结构,牢记并熟练运用此结构,能举一反三,应对自如。 3.— My mother hardly watches any sports shows. —_________ A. So do mine. B. So does mine. C. Neither do mine. D. Neither does mine. 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:—我妈妈几乎不看任何体育节目。—我的妈妈也不看。当A做的事,B和A做了相同事时,B说“So+助动词/情态动词…+B”;当A没做某事,B也没做,B 可说“Neither/nor+助动词/情态动词…+B”。mine指的是my mother,根据主谓一致原则,可知使用助动词does,结合句意和语境可知选D。 【点评】此题考查倒装结构和情景交际。 4.—Zhou Ming likes reading English magazines. —_______. It's good for English learning.

英语倒装句的用法讲解

英语倒装句的用法讲解 倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。 完全倒装 1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 例如:The teacher came in and the class began.(没有倒装) In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。 例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came. 4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装 5)在强调状语时1)当句首状语为方位词或拟声词,谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动词时句子须倒装。例如: 1 Up went the plane. 2 In came the chairman and the meeting began. 注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。例如: 1 Out they rushed! 2 Lower and lower he bent. (2) 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装。例如: 1 Round the corner walked a large policeman. 2Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man. 3 当句首状语由“only +副词”,“only +介词词组”,“only +状语从句”构成时,句子须倒装。例如: 1 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. (不属于完全倒装) 2 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. (6)当句首状语为here, there, now, then等时,句子须倒装,主语是代词时,句子不用倒装。例如: 1)Here is a ticket for you. 2)Now comes your turn. 3)Here he comes. (7)以关联词so (…that)开头的句子中,句子须倒装。例如: 1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus. 3)So much does he worry about his f inancial position that he can’t sleep at night.

倒装句用法及例句

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