四级新题型选词填空及参考答案2

1.

When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be 47 wasteful to tear them all down and 48 them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the 49 carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest 50 , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and 51 our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.

With some 52 , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 53 over time and let in more outside air.

Fortunately, there are a 54 number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from 55 ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 56 property owners from rising power costs.

A) accommodations

B) clumsy

C) doubtfully

D) exceptions

E) expand

F) historic

G) incredibly

H) powering

I) protect

J) reduced

K) replace

L) sense

M) shifted

N) supplying

O) vast

2.

As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.

If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work,

however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.

In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

[A]compare

[B]responsible

[C]useful

[D]added

[E]find

[F]reference

[G]indirect

[H]method

[I]successful

[J]combined

[K]Necessarily

[L]capacity

[M]ability

[N]Basically

[O]adopt

3.

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?

Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity （身份）than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.

[A]skill

[B]popular

[C]get

[D]change

[E]similarly

[F]professional

[G]character

[H]individuality

[I]inspire

[J]differently

[K]expect

[L]practical

[M]recall

[N]lose

[O]ordinary

4.

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. But relaxation is __1__ for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to __2__ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of __3__ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some peoplw are not afraid of stress, and such __4__ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of __5__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and __6__. In fact we make choice between "flight or fight" and in more __7__ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same __8__. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __9__ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot __10__ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.

A)exposure

B)characters

C)answer

D)chemically

E)avoid

F)psychologically

G)primitive

H)transfer

I)unusual

J)control

K)remove

L)escape

M)response

N)backward

O)essential

5.

Video conferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera. Through the video conferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical __1__ can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very __2__ and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the __3__ behind bandwidth, latency and isochrony which are used to explain how video conferencing works. Good people communication is __4__ in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your __5__ will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note __6__ expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meetings are made more __7__ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot __8__.__9__, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to __10__ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.

A)fortunately

B)effective

C)images

D)articulate

E)facial

F)manage

G)decisions

H)connect

I)advanced

J)integrate

K)progressive

L)concepts

M）pictures

N) increasingly

O) important

6.

The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Such "extended" families were suited for survival in slow paced __1__ societies. But such families are hard to __2__. They are immobile. Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family __3__ shed its excess weight and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit __4__ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more __5__ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties.

Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development,__6__ even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlining process, a

step further by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more __7__ components, a man and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than tehordinarily child-cluttered family.A __8__ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in __9__ between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many __10__ will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.

A)transplant

B)solution

C)gadually

D)transport

E)elemental

F)conflict

G)continually

H)mobile

I)couples

J)agricultural

K)including

L)compromise

M)requires

N)primary

O)consisting

7.

Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always __1__ such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of __2__ and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer." The reality is that writing is a __3__, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are housands more whose longing is never __4__.

When I left a 20-year career in the US, Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿人), I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a __7__ writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a story that __9__ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test----even though it meant living with __10__and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learns to live there.

A) barely

B) genuine

C) rewarded

D) doubt

E) lonely

F) poverty

G) persuade

H) prospects

I)uncertainty

J)impossibly

K)encourage

L)awarded

M) alone

N)wealth

O)cold

8.

It’s never easy to admit you a re in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you’ve judged roughly, said __1__ things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and __2__ that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? Frightening because some deep wisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is __3__, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and __4__ is expressed. I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No __5__ cause could be found. Finally, my friend said to the man, "Unless you tell me what’s worrying you, I can’t help you." After some hesitation, the man __6__ that, as executor of his father’s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his __7__. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking __8__ and enclosing a cheque as the first step in restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. "Thank you," He said, "I think I’m __9__." And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only __10__ a damaged relationship but also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.

A)heal

B)mental

C)unkind

D)regret

E)accurately

F)confessed

G)inheritance

H)physical

I)cured

J)treat

K)truly

L)unfaithful

M)forgiveness

N)disturbed

O)excuse

9.

The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens（雅典)in 1896and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nationman participants were tourists who __1__to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was __2__ and the standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up. Since then the games had been held every four years except during the __3__ of the two World Wars This was__4__ a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stop and make way for the games. The games have grown enormously in scale and __5__performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunately the same cannot be said about their__6__ standard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercial are got involved as countries vie each other for(为...... 而互相竞争) the __7__ to hold the games because of the political prestige and commercial profit to be __8__ out of them. In the 11th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly come to __9__ in Germany tried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to __10__.

A) honour

B) accomplish

C) had

D) moral

E) arrive

F) occured

G) end

H) power

I) happened

J) definitely

K) Physical

L) informal

M) interruption

N) especially

O) irregular

10.

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of __1__ or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as __2__ or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable. The early years of development are __3__ years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to__4__ with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can __5__affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷）in themselves. Coaches and parents should also be __6__ that youth sport participation does not become work for children. That outcome of the game should not be more important than the __7__ of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about

who will win instead of __8__ themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches __9__ on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning that criticism. Again, criticism can create __10__ levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

A)process

B)high

C)enjoying

D)anxiety

E)settle

F)cautious

G)cooperate

H)greatly

I)dropping

J)hardly

K)intense

L)focus

M)aspiration

N)critical

O)procedure

11.

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or how much _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling? If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability. I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience ：“This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).”It may have been a sharp__8__ of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement.

A)priority

B)criticism

C)contained

D)clearly

E)adventurous

F)discourage

G)motivation

H)terrible

I)ignored

J)difficult

K)encourage

L)expressed

M)confidently

N)bright

O)motive

12.

Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on.

For most of the time this “conversation”goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.

Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process”conversation as __8__ to a “content”conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __10__. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.

A)opposed

B)converse

C)equally

D)written

E)developed

F)strategies

G)compared

H)awake

I)higher

J)expectations

K)deal

L)absolutely

M)aware

N)better

O)further

13.

Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.

The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,”says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.

A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.

In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

A)mental

B)promise

C)kill

D)avoid

E)hope

F)especially

G)aid

H)ordinary

I)approval

J)monetary

K)generally

L)improve

M)challenging

N)restore

O)excellent

14.

As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.

The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the path

to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school.

A) victims

B) technology

C) role

D) respectively

E) projects

F) offers

G) information

H) images

I) forward

J) especially

K) entire

L) cooperative

M) comprehensive

N) assuming

O) acting

15.

When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1__. "I couldn't understand anything," he said. He __2__ from his teachers, came home in tears, and thought about dropping out.

Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his __3__Spanish."She helped me stay smart while teaching me English,"he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __4__ confidence and began to succeed in school.

Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic, and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through bilingual education to treat his patients.

Roberto's story is just one of __7__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.

A) wonder

B) acquired

C) consistently

D) regained

E) nightmare

F) native

G) acceptance

H) effective

I) hid

J) prominent

K) decent

L) countless

M) recalled

N) breakthrough

O) automatically

16.

Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people saying there is anything different about them. "I'm really just a normal guy," __2__ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such __6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to __7__ from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.

A) desperate

B) disappointing

C) cruelty

D) bankrupt

E) fancy

F) protects

G) altitude

H) similarly

I) wake

J) contest

K) object

L) worshipping

M) dignity

N) originally

O) protests

17.

EI NIno is name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange ___1_____happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____2____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.

The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased across South American ____4____floods to Peru. In the West pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and____5____.

EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most___6____weather in modern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of damage. The 1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.

A)estimate

B)strength

C)deliberately

D)notify

E)tropical

F)phenomenon

G)stable

H)attraction

I)completely

J)destructive

K)starvation

L)bringing

M)exhaustion

N)worth

O)strike

18.

For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit list of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.

But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic

growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution - the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.

Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.

A) pose

B) exaggerated

C) accelerating

D) extinct

E) exist

F) perception

G) wealthy

H) magnified

I) starving

J) head

K) running

L) predicted

M) abundant

N) conception

O) reducing

19.

It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...

Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees.

The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.

It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.

A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."

In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.

[A] allow

[B] instance

[C] blank

[D] industrial

[E] frustrating

[F] items

[G] indicating

[H] highlight

[I] user

[J] complicated

[K] white

[L] annoying

[M] successful

[N] articles

[O] simple

20.

There's no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?

Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4 that often can't get next week's weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn't be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 changes can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.

Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren't pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.

The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn't be out of mind, because they are omens of what's in store for the 10 of the planet.

[A]remote

[B]techniques

[C]consisting

[D]rest

[E]willing

[F]climate

[G]skill

[H]appetite

[I]melting

[J]vanishing

[K]eroding

[L]temperature

[M]curiosity

[N]changes

[O]skillful

21.

Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.

So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7 in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10 three items or three estimates.

［A］possession

［B］save

［C］best

［D］appliance

［E］material

［F］from

［G］simple

［H］with

［I］in

［J］element

［K］model

［L］item

［M］easy

［N］adopt

［O］reasonable

22.

After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.

Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.

In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips

forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.

The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

[A]changes

[B]flexible

[C]decrease

[D]recent

[E]push

[F]reduce

[G]relatively

[H]safety

[I]resistant

[J]expensive

[K]force

[L]accordingly

[M]intensity

[N]security

[O]opposed

23.

There's no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?

Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4 that often can't get next week's weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn't be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.

Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren't pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.

The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn't be out of mind, because they are omens of what's in store for the 10 of the planet.

[A]remote

[B]techniques

[C]consisting

[D]rest

[E]willing

[F]climate

[G]skill

[H]appetite

[I]melting

[J]vanishing

[K]eroding

[L]temperature

[M]curiosity

[N]changes

[O]skillful

1. 答案解析：

47. 【答案】G)。

【精析】副词辨析题。空格前面是be动词，后面为形容词wasteful，因此空格处需要填入一个副词。前一句中提到美国现有住宅1亿多所，该句指出，如果全部拆毁，造成的浪费必然。incredibly"不能相信地，难以置信地"符合题意。

48. 【答案】K)。

【精析】动词辨析题。空格前面有连词and，通过分析句子结构可知，空格处的词语与前面的动词tear为并列关系，因此空格处需要填入动词原形。文章首句提到，绿色环保型住宅备受欢迎。本句中承接首句指出，如果拆毁现有住宅，绿色环保型住宅，将造成一种浪费。因此空格处应填入具有"重新建成"或"取而代之"意义的词。，且与后面的介词with构成搭配。备选动词中符合以上两点要求的只有replace。replace...with...意为"用……取代……"。

49. 【答案】J)。

【精析】形容词辨析题。空格前面有定冠词the，后面有名词carbon emissions，因此需要填入一个形容词。文章围绕green buildings展开，也就是本句中提到的new energy-efficient home。而这种新型的绿色环保建筑的最大特点就是能够碳的排放，填入reduced"减少的"符合句意。这样也就能与后面的不定式部分的句意"补偿拆毁旧住宅所造成的资源浪费"保持一致。

50. 【答案】L)。

【精析】名词辨析题。空格前为形容词最高级，因此其后应该填入名词，且该名词需要和前面的broadest搭配。备选名词中能够和broadest搭配的只有sense。实际上，此处为固定搭配in the broadest sense，意为"从广义上来讲"，是我们熟悉的短语in a sense的变化形式。

51. 【答案】H)。

【精析】动词辨析题。空格前面有连词and，由此可知空格处的词语与前面的heating和cooling 是并列关系，因此推断空格处的词应该也为动名词形式。动名词形式有两个，分别是powering和supplying，其中supplying常与with搭配，意为"供应"，此处不符合句意。powering"向……提供能量"与前面的heating和cooling在意义上具有相关性，为正确答案。

52. 【答案】D)。

【精析】名词辨析题。空格前有介词With，还有形容词some，所以需要填入名词一起构成句子的状语。选项中名词还有accommodations和exceptions两个。accommodations"住处"不符合句意。选择exceptions"例外"构成短语with some exceptions，意为"除了一些特殊情况外"。

53. 【答案】E)。

【精析】动词辨析题。通过分析句子结构可知，空格位于that引导的定语从句中，连词and 前的句子缺少谓语动词，且与and后面的let为并列关系，所以空格处应填入动词原形。句中的tiny cracks and gaps指的是"狭小的缝隙和缺口"，随着时间流逝，它们会，从而导致外界更多的空气流入室内。可知，expand"扩展，增大"符合句意。

54. 【答案】O)。

【精析】形容词辨析题。空格前面有不定冠词a，后面为名词number，因此空格处需要填入一个形容词。此处的a number of为固定短语，意思是"大量的"，number前可以加上一些表示程度的形容词，如great，large，vast等，表示"数量极大的"。因此，形容词备选项中，vast"巨大的"符合句意。

55. 【答案】F)。

【精析】形容词辨析题。空格后面为ones，所以空格处需要填入形容词作定语。在意义上，句中存在from...to...结构，表示一种转变或变化，因此空格处的形容词应该和to后面处于定语位置的postwar在意义上相对。postwar指二战以后，是一个较近的时间。因此，空格处词应该具有"较早的，久远的"的意思。另外，从句中举出的例子Lincoln's Cottage（林肯故居）也可以验证这一推断。所以historic"历史上著名的，有历史意义的"符合句意，为本题答案。

56. 【答案】I)。

【精析】动词辨析题。空格前面有动词help，后面有名词短语，而help不能与后面的介词from 搭配使用，因此排除空格处为形容词的可能性，空格处应该为省略to的动词不定式。另外，从句意上来看，这一句承接上句，仍然在陈述为老住宅进行升级的好处。备选动词中符合结构和句意双重要求的只有protect，因此为本题答案。

2.答案解析：

1.B

2.O

3.H

4.I

5.D

6.M

7.F

8.A

9.K

10.G

3.答案解析：

1.B

2.F

3.K

4.I

5.A

6.N

7.L

8.H

9.D

10.E

4.答案解析：

1.选O

2.选E

3.选J

4.选B

5.选I

6.选F

7.选G

8.选M

9.选A

10.选K

5.答案解析：

1.C

2.I

3.L

4.O

5.G

6.E

7.B

8.F

9.N

10.J

6.答案解析：

1. 选J

2. 选A

3. 选C

4. 选O

5. 选H

6. 选M

7. 选E

8. 选l

9. 选F

10.选I

7.答案解析：

1.选K

2.选N

3.选E

4.选C

5.选H

6.选O

7.选B

8.选D

9.选A

10.选I