元素性质

元

素符号原子序数(Z)相对原子质量(u)熔点(℃)沸点(℃)密度(g ·cm -1)原子半径(pm)第一电离能(kJ·mol -1)标准还原电势(V)熔化焓(kJ ·mol-1)比热[J·(g·℃)-1]气化焓(kJ ·mol-1)地壳中的丰度(%)主要氧化态锕Ac

89[227.0278]1050330010.07203666(3+)-2.1314.30.120293微量+3铝Al

1326.981539660.372517.6 2.699143577.5(3+)-1.6710.71290.8+3

镅Am 95[243.0614]994260013.67183579(3+)-2.0710238.5+2,+3,+4锑Sb

51121.757630.71635 6.69716183419.5193

氩Ar

1839.948-189.37-185.860.001784981521 1.184e-6

砷As

3374.92159816(2840kPa)615(最高点) 5.778121947(3+)+0.2427.7 1.9e-4+3,+5

砹At

85[209.98037]300350916(1-)+0.223.8微量-1,+5钡Ba

56137.327726.9502.9(2+)-2.928.0120.039+2

锫Bk

97[247.0703]98614.78170601(3+)-2.01+3,+4铍Be

49.0121821287 1.848112899.5(2+)-1.977.895 1.824297.62e-4+2铋Bi

83208.98037

钅波Bh 107[262]硼B 510.811溴Br

3579.904-7.2559.35 3.10281191139.9(1-)+1.06510.5710.4736229.56 2.5e-4-1,+1,+3,+5镉Cd

48112.411320.87708.65151867.7(2+)- 6.190.2311100 1.6e-5+2钙Ca

2040.078841.5197589.8(2+)-0.284+2

锎Cf

98[251.0976]900186 6.8(3+)-2+3,+4碳C

612.0113620771086.5(4-)+0.132-4,+2,+4铈Ce

58140.1158043470 6.773181.8541(3+)-2.34 5.20.19233130.007+3,+4铯Cs

55132.9054328.4674.8 1.9262375.7(1+)-2.923 2.0870.242167 2.6e-4+1氯Cl

1735.4527-101-340.003214911255.5(1- 6.410.4782020.410.013-1,+1,+3,+5铬Cr

2451.9961186026797.2128652.8(3+)-0.7420.50.44913390.01+2,+3,+6钴Co

2758.9332149529128.9125758.8(2+)-0.27716.1920.42103820.028+2,+3铜Cu

2963.546

锔Cm

96[247.0703]钅达Ds

110[271]钅杜Db

105[262]镝Dy

66162.5

锿Es

99[252.0828]860186619(3+)-2+3铒Er

68167.261497176.1589(3+)-2.32+3铕Eu

63151.965547(3+)-1.99+2，+3

镄Fm

100

[257.0951]627(3+)-1.96+2，+3氟F

918.99840321681-1

钫Fr

87[223.0197]24650280375263.6微量+1钆Gd

64157.2513123000180.459215.5311.7 6.3e-4+3镓Ga

3169.72329.772203 5.904134578.8(3+)-0.529 5.590.37092560.0018+1,+3锗Ge 3272.619452850 5.323123761.2(4+)+0.12431.80.3215334.3 1.5e-4+2,+4

金Au79196.966541064280819.32144889.9(3+)+1.5212.40.12905324.43e-7+1,+3

铪Hf72178.49

钅黑Hs108[265]

氦He2 4.002602

钬Ho67164.9032

氢H1 1.00794-259.19-252.760.0000899781312(1+)0.00000.11714.2980.904-1,+1

铟In49114.82156.6120807.29167558.2(3+)-0.3382 3.260.2407231.82e-5+1,+3

碘I53126.90447113.6184.5 4.931381008.4(1+)0.535515.5170.2144841.95 4.6e-5-1,+1,+5,+7铱Ir77192.222447455022.65135.5880(4+)+0.92626.40.1306563.61e-7+3,+4,+5铁Fe2655.847153628607.874126759.413.8070.4494350

氪Kr3683.8-157.2-153.350.00374931121351 1.640.24809.03

镧La57138.9055

铹Lr103[260.1054](3+)-2.06+3

铅Pb82207.2+2,+4

锂Li3 6.941180.513470.534156520.2(1+)-3.0453 3.5691480.002+1

镥Lu71174.967165233279.84173.8524(3+)-2.311.90.15354148e-5+3

镁Mg1224.3056501105 1.738160737.8(2+)-2.3568.477 1.024127.4 2.76+2

锰Mn2554.93805

钅麦Mt109[266]

钔Md101[258.0986]

汞Hg80200.59

钼Mo4295.942623467910.28139685(6+)0.114360.2508590 1.2e-4+4,+5,+6钕Nd60144.24102431117.003181.45307.130.1903283.7

氖Ne1020.1797-248.61-246.050.00089997120810.34 1.77

镎Np93237.0482640390020.45155597(5+)-0.919.46336

镍Ni2858.6934145528838.908124736.7(2+)-0.25717.15375

铌Nb4192.90638247748588.57146664.1(5+)-0.6526.90.26486900.002+4,+5

氮N714.00674-210-195.80.0012409711402(3-)-0.0920.72 1.0397 5.580.002-3,-2,-1,+1 +2,+3,+4,+5

锘No102[259.1009]642(2+)-2.5+2,+3

锇Os76190.2840(4+)+0.687+4,+6,+8氧O815.9994-218.8-1830.001429601313.9(2-)0.8150.440.91738 6.8245.5-2,-1

钯Pd46106.421552294011.99137805(2+)0.91517.60.24413623e-7+2,+4

磷P1530.97376244.2280.5 1.8231091012(3-)-0.0630.6590.7696849.80.11-3,+3,+5铂Pt78195.0817********.41138.5868(4+)+1.1519.70.1326510.4+2,+4

钚Pu94[244.0642]640323019.86162585(4+)-1.25 2.80.138343.5+3,+4,+5,+6钋Po84[208.9824]2549629.7164813(4+)+0.73 3.810.125103-2,+2,+4,+6钾K1939.098363.2766.40.862231418.8(1+)-2.925 2.3340.756676.9 1.84+1

镨Pr59140.907659353343 6.782182.4522(3+)-2.3511.3332.6+3,+4

钷Pm61[144.9128]116824607.2183.4536(3+)-2.298.17293+3

镤Pa91231.035881552422715.37163568(5+)-1.1914.6481

镭Ra88226.025470016305228509.18.36136.8

氡Rn86[222.0176]-71-620.00973140103716.416.4

铼Re75186.2073180565021.23213776033.4707

铹Lr45102.90551960372712.39134720(3+)+0.7621.60.24274941e-7+3,+4,+5铷Rb3785.467839.5697 1.532248403(1+)-2.925 2.190.3634469.20.0078+1

钌Ru44101.07

钅卢Rf104[261]

钐Sm62150.36

钪Sc2144.95591

钅喜Sg106[263]

硒Se3478.96

硅Si1428.0855******** 2.336118786.5(4-)-0.14350.20.712135927.2+2,+4

银Ag47107.8682961219510.49144730.8(1+)+0.799111.650.235022558e-6+1

钠Na1122.98976897.83897.40.968186495.9(1+)-2.714 2.602 1.22897.4 2.27+1

锶Sr3887.62776.91412 2.6215549.5(2+)-2.897.43080.3011370.0384+2

硫S1632.066115.2444.7 2.08103999.6(2-)-0.45 1.72720.70609.620.03-2,+4,+6钽Ta73180.94792980550516.65146760.8(5+)-0.8136.57737+4,+5

锝Tc4397.90722200456711.5136702(6+)+0.8323.0577+2,+4,+6,+7碲Te52127.6450990 6.25138869(2-)-1.1417.450.6-2,+2,+4,+6铽Tb65158.92534135628008.272177.3564(3+)-2.3110.30.18192931e-4+3,+4

铊Tl81204.3833303.5145711.85170589.1(1+)-0.3363 4.270.12881627e-5+1,+3

钍Th90232.03811750478711.78179587(4+)-1.8316.110.1177543.98.1e-4

铥Tm69168.93421154517279.318175.9596(3+)-2.3218.40.16002135e-5

锡Sn50118.7123226237.265141708.4(4+)+0.0647.070.2274296 2.1e-4

钛Ti2247.8816663358 4.5147658.1(4+)-0.8614.1460.52264250.63+2,+3,+4钨W74183.853*********.3139770.4(6+)-0.0935.40.1320806 1.2e-4+4,+5,+6铀U92238.0289

unb Uub112[285]

unq Uuq114[289]

uuu Uuu111[272]

钒V2350.9415

氙Xe54131.29-111.8-108.090.0058971131170 2.290.1583212.64

镱Yb70173.048241427 6.973193.36037.660.1545155

钇Y3988.9058515303264 4.5180616(3+)-2.3717.150.29843930.0035+3

锌Zn3065.39419.69077.14134906.4(2+)-0.76267.3220.38841150.0079+2

锆Zr4091.22418524400 6.51160659.7(4+)-1.720.920.2780590.50.0162+4