英语六级历年真题中的短语和词汇总结

英语六级历年真题中的短语和词汇总结Ⅰ．英语六级历年真题常考短语(一)：

1.above all:（1）首先: Above all was the sense of hearing首先是听的感觉

（2）最重要的是：But above all things: I am basketball. 但最重要的是，我为篮球而生

（3）尤其: My mother likes fruit and, above all, apples我母亲喜欢吃水果，尤其是苹果

2.account for:

(1)解释,说明:Jack could not account for his foolish mistake. 杰克无法解释自己的愚蠢错误。

(2)导致，引起，起因于：The flood accounted for the bad crop. 水灾导致歉收

(3)对(或为)…负责：You will have to account for the disappearance of the money你要对丢失了钱负责

(4)共计达；(在数量、比例上)占：It accounts for 15 per cent of all air accidents它占所有空难的15% 3.after all：

（1）终究After all, paper can not hold fire纸终究是包不住火的

（2）毕竟Culture, after all, is its own reward毕竟，文化本身就是一种回馈

4.air /plane crash/accident:空难car crash=car accident车祸

5.be allergic to:对…..过敏;( allergic adj 对……过敏的；对……极讨厌的)

I’m allergic to beef and mutton.我对牛肉和羊肉过敏

6.appeal to:

（1）吸引This book doesn't appeal to children这本书对孩子们没吸引力

（2）呼吁We appeal to the public to protect our wild animals我们呼吁大众来保护我们的野生动物（3）上诉He have appeal to the supreme court他向最高法院上诉（supreme adj.最高的；至高的；最重要的；n.至高，霸权）

（4）要求The teacher listened to his appeal老师倾听了他的要求

7.apply to（1）适用于The rules of safe driving apply to everyone安全驾驶条例适用于每个人

（2）应用于We should apply the theory to practice我们应该把这一理论应用于实践

apply for 申请，请求I want to apply for Beijing University我想报考北京大学

application letter 求职信

8.at ease:安逸，自由自在；舒适I feel at ease with my friend我和朋友们在一起感到自在

9.back up:（1）支持；援助John is expecting us to back him up at the next meeting

（2）备份To back up files is tedious work把文档备份是一项枯燥无味的工作

（3）倒退Please back up your car a bit to let pedestrians pass请你把车倒退一点，好让行人通过

Pedestrian adj.徒步的；缺乏想象力的；n.行人，步行者；

10.beat the crowd :避开人群，避开高峰

11.be aware of:意识到

12.behind the schedule 落后于预定计划；(公交车)晚点；慢点

13.in charge of(1)负…的责任= be responsible for；(2)在…的控制（或管理，监督，看管）之下；(3)受…的保护；(4)照顾；The children were left in charge of the nurse孩子们留下来由保姆照顾

14.be in the charge of有…负责(被动) sth in the charge of sb某事由某人负责

15.be in season:应时的；当令的Fruit is cheapest in season 水果在当令时最便宜

16.be supposed to do:应该；被期望

17.book up 预定（票，车位，舱位等）；全部预定完；The plane is booked up to its full capacity.该航班的机票已被预订一空

18.bring up:教育；培养；抚养；提出；呕吐

19.build up（1）积累build up a fund积累基金

（2）增强(体质) The weightlifting built up his body举重增强了他的体质

（3）树立She built up my confidence她树立了我的信心

（4）盖房子The area has been built up since I moved自我搬家以来这个地区就不断地盖起了新房

20.meet …by chance=run into=come across:偶然碰到

21.by no means :绝不,一点也不，根本不=anything but

22.check in(在旅馆、机场、大会等处)办理登记手续；记录；报到/checkout检验；结帐离开；通过考核；盖章

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2518503746.html,e up: 走近；发生；开始；上升；发芽；被提出

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2518503746.html,e up with（针对问题，挑战等)提出，提议；想出；赶上

25.concentrate on/focus on 集中

26.deal with /cope with 处理

27.drop in on sb/ drop in at sp :拜访某人/某地

28.drop out of:退出;辍学

29.eat one’s words 食言;承认错误；收回前言= swallow one’s words

30.fall short of:（1）没有达到，低于The performance fell far short of our expectations The performance fell far short of our expectations演出远远低于我们的期望

（2）缺少They fell short of provision他们缺少供给

31.figure out : 解决；算出；估计；想出；理解；断定Father is trying to figure out his tax父亲在设法计算出他的税额; I can't figure out what he's trying to say我弄不懂他想说什么

32.find out 找出，查明；发现，揭发；计算出

33.fit /meet/satisfy one’s need;满足某人需要

34.for ages=for a long time很久；很长时间

35.get along with:取得进展；与…和睦相处；

36.get around;到处走走；逃避；说服；传开来（等于get round）；有办法应付

37.be/get used to(doing sth)=be/getaccustomed to(doing sth)习惯于；使适应

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2518503746.html,e to do:过去常常

39.Go Dutch（各自付账）/split the bill（平均分担费用）/fifty-fifty（对半的，平均的，平分为二的）/separate the bill（分开账单）

40.go sightseeing去观光

41.go on a diet=keep on a diet节食，减肥

42.have a hard/difficult time with sth. 在某事方面感到费劲

43.have a temperature/fever发烧

44.have the final say:有决定权

45.hold up(1)拦劫，抢劫The bank was held up last night昨天夜里有人抢劫了这家银行

(2)延续；持续；维持The rain held up and there's no sign to clear up雨依然在下，而且没有放晴的迹象(3)延期，推迟(后与on 连用)：He held up on the plan of visiting Europe他推迟了访问欧洲的计划

(4)使遭受，使蒙受；成为…的目标He's held up humiliation by a momentary slip他因一念之差而蒙受屈辱He has now been held up to be pursued killing他现在已成了追杀的目标

(5)举起，抬起；使升高：She held up her arm and wiped her tears off. 她抬起手擦去了眼角的泪

(6)支撑，承受住；承担This old tree is held up by a post这棵老树用一根柱子支撑着

46.in a good mood心情好；好心情（反in a bad mood）

47.in the long run/term:从长远来看(反in the short term/run就眼前来说；从短期来看)

48.join in=make in=participate in 加入；参加

49.keep （it）between the two of us:/keep a secret保密

50.keep fit保持（身体）健康

51.keep in touch with与…保持联系

52.knock it off/stop停止做；住口，别再讲下去了

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2518503746.html,y off解雇；不理会；使下岗；休息；停止工作

54.let out:放走，泄露

55.look for a needle in a haystack:大海捞针

56.make a hit:获得成功

57.make ends meet:使收支相抵；量入为出

58.make sense:有意义；有道理；讲得通

59.make up;（1）弥补，补偿；（2）打扮；化妆；化装；涂脂抹粉（3）补考；补上（功课）；（4）组成，构成；形成；占（5）编造，捏造；虚构；（6）和解；言归和好；（7）铺床；整理(旅馆、房间等)（8）编排(版面)；拼版

60.meet each other half way:相互让步；相互妥协make an agreement达成协议；达成共识

61.move on:/go on/continue/keep on往前走，前进；出发，离开

62.nothing but:只有；只不过

63.anything but:决不，根本不

64.now that:既然；由于

65.on earth: [用于疑问词后加强语气]究竟，到底；[常用于最高级或否定词后加强语气]地球上，世界上，人世间

66.on purpose :有意地；故意地；有目的地

67.out of the world:/wonderful/amazing无比优秀的；极好的，非凡的

68.pull in;进站，靠岸

69.pull through:痊愈，恢复健康；渡过难关

70.put off/delay/推迟；扔掉；阻止

71.put through:接通电话；完成；使穿过；使从事，使经受

72.reach the bottom of the barrel: use up/run out of 用完

73.resign one’s post：/quit;辞职

74.ring a bell:（声音）听着熟悉；使回忆起

75.run off 逃跑；印出；流掉；进行决赛

76.sign up for报名参加；注册，选课

77.sneak（偷偷地做；暗中进行的）up on sb.= creep（爬行；慢慢地移动）up on sb偷偷接近，靠近

78.take …for granted:想当然；认为…理所当然（conj 算是如此，但是）

79.take one’s time(doing sth)从容不迫; 不慌不忙(干某事)

80.take one’s word for it相信某人的话; 相信某人的话就是了(trust sb=have trust in sb=believe in sb相信某人;信任某人)

81.the reverse is also true:反之亦然（reverse反面，背面；相反)

82.tie up with和…有密切关系

83.be /get tired of=be /get bored of厌烦;be tired from因…而厌倦；因…而疲劳

84.under the weather:身体不舒服

85.well-off/rich people 富有的人(well-off adj. 富裕的；顺利的，走运的；繁荣昌盛的)

86.white elephant:无价值的东西，废物

87.white lie:善意的谎言；小谎话；为了不使人难堪而说的谎话；圆场话88.you bet :当然；肯定地(bet n. 打赌，赌注；被打赌的事物vt. 打赌；敢断定，确信vi. 打赌)

89.break down (1)出故障；坏掉；毁掉The telephone system has broken down电话系统瘫痪了

（2）失败Negotiations between the two sides have broken down双方谈判失败了

（3）使分解（为）Sugar and starch are broken down糖和淀粉被分解了

（4）打倒，砸破（某物）（5）中止，中断，停顿，破裂Talks have broken down over the disputed territory 对有争议的领土问题的谈判破裂了

90.run into遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见

https://www.360docs.net/doc/2518503746.html,e across （1）偶遇Perhaps I shall come across him in France也许我会在法国遇见他

（2）无意中发现I came across this book in an old bookstore in London我在伦敦一家旧书店里发现了这本书

（3）讲得清楚明白Your speech didn't come across; nobody understood your opinion你的演说讲得不明不白，没有人能听懂你的意思

（4）给人…印象He came across to me as being quite a nice persom他在我的印象中是一个挺好的人Ⅱ：英语四六级听力对话场景词：

⑴交通运输场景

fare 车票licence 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车one way street

单行道over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fine 罚金fast way / express way / high way

高速公路motor way 机动车道super way 飞机机动车道

free way 免费高速公路交通工具（出现频率从高到低）plane / train（女）/ bus / bike（女）/ walk （女）/ taxi （女）：女生比较喜欢tunnel / channel 隧道ring road 环线subway（美）/ underground

（英）地铁metro 地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥mag –lev 磁悬浮

⑵电话场景

mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页dial （拨电话号码）/ press （按电话号码）extension 分机operator 总机put~through 接通wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人is not in 不在？hold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断credit call 记账式电话bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话collect call 对方付费电话

⑶机场场景:

plane / craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地open ticket one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop / direct flight 直航transfer / lay over / stop over 转机first / business / economy cabin 头等/ 商务/ 经济舱confirm the flight 确认航班check in 登记boarding card 登机牌security check 安检see off 送行送别时的祝语keep in touch 保持联系safe landing 安全着陆board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带land 着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机

⑷公司场景

job vacancy 有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历resume包括几部分basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验certificates and honours interview 面试offer 聘用信work experience 工作经验work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加钱wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign 辞职work / job / career / course 工作post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）holiday 假日，假期vacation 休假annual leave 年假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息coffee break away 离开一会

⑸租房场景

live on campus 住校live off campus 住校外for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子to let 同上rent 租金utilities 公用事业费location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊/ 市中心condition

住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leaking 漏水blackout 断电environment 环境transportation 交通land lord 房东land lady 房东太太tenant 房客roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的noisy 吵闹的

⑹医院场景

see a doctor 去医院看医生send for a doctor 让医生出诊health center / clinic 卫生所/ 门诊部

physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold（感冒）——flu （流感）——headache （头痛）——sore throat（嗓子痛）——fever（发烧）——toothache（牙疼）——stomachache （胃疼）prescribe 开药方pill / tablet 药片liquid 喝药水injection => shot 注射operation 手术medical result 诊断结果

⑺邮局场景

post / send / mail 寄letter / mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信airmail 航空信parcel / package 包裹telegram / cable 电报rate 费率overweight 超重postage 邮资email 电子邮件reply 回复forward 转发cc（carbon copy）抄送bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送subject 主题attach 附件

⑻其他

closed 关门open 开门office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关power on / off 开/关turn on / off 开/关switch on / off 开/ 关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯cheers propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的书the best thing 最好的事情the last thing 最不愿意做的事情the last man 最不愿意见的人best seller 畅销sell up 卖完，卖光售罄sell out卖完，卖光售罄/ 出卖朋友或原则sell off 低价处理库存商品selling machine 自动售货机selling point 卖点count the days 渴望count on = dependent / rely on count in 把……考虑在内count for nothing 一钱不值count for little 无足轻重count for much 举足轻重count down 倒计时count up 相加count up to

Ⅲ.六级听力常考同音词：

all together——altogether heal——heel band——banned hour——our

bare——bear heroin——heroine brake——break past——passed

bread——bred peace——piece ceiling——sealing rose——rows

cent——sent sail——sale cell——sell sauce——source

cheek——cheque steal——steel compliment——complement story——storey

dying——dyeing site——sight fare——fair threw——though

find——fair tire——yre fles——flr vain——vein

floor——flaw way——weigh flower——flour wait——weight

fourth——forth wood——would hair——hare

Ⅳ .六级听力常考近音词：

appeal——a pill odd——awed avoid——award pass——path

border——board presence——presents bald——bored pull——pool

council——cancel poor——pour cut——cart stock——stalk

foam——form sleep——steep full——fool sympathetic——systematic

hut——heart loose——lose

Ⅴ .态度词汇总结:

正面的反面的中立

approval biased indifferent

approving critical suspicious

concerned cynical doubtful

confident disapproval impartial

impartial disgusting impersonal

objective negative neutral

optimistic prejudiced unbiased

positive pessimistic unprejudiced

affectionate sarcastic emotional

subjective

Ⅵ．英语六级历年真题常考短语(二)：

at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃, 逍遥法外at large(=in general) 一般来说, 大体上at large(=at full length; with details)详细地

accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告

allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.

amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.

answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.

abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守

comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守, 依从

apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用.

apply to 与…有关;适用

arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.

arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大方);

be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻

assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.

attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系,结

attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;

attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料

in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据

on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也

不;of …account 有…..重要性.

take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.

on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.

be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.

be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉

act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)

in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之

in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循

adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的

adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;

have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件

have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.

attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果

begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)

on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义

believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.

get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.

by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生

blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人. blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上

in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态)

come into blossom开花(强调动作) take the floor 起立发言

Ⅶ．英语六级历年真题常考短语(三)：

be capable of 能够, 有能力be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的

compare…with …把…与…比较compare…to…把…比作…

complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;

complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨);

complement (补充); compliment (恭维) delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢, 取乐take (a) delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐

demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西

deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物

deviate from 偏离, 不按…办

on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食

differ from…in 与…的区别在于…

dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉

beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议

in dispute 在争议中

(be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与…截然不同

distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别

distinguish…from 把…与…区别开

do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消;

do away with (=kill) 杀掉, 镇压

come off duty 下班

be in sympathy with 赞同,同情

in terms of (=with regard to; respectively) 按照, 根据, 在…方面

behind the times (思想,看法)落后于时代

behind time (=late) 迟到, 晚点

for the time being (=temporarily)暂时

be in touch with 与…有接触, 有联系be out of touch with 与…没有联系或接触

in view of (=considering) 考虑到…in the view of 按…的意思

as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论

on the whole (=generally, for the most part) 大体上说

against one’s will 违心地, 违背意愿地at will 随心所欲; with a will 有决心地

be aware of (=be conscious of )意识到,知道.

in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何

in case (=for fear that) 万一;

in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)

be cautious of 谨防

center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上

in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管

take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)

charge…for 因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…

keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好.

in contrast towith 和…形成对比by contrast 对比之下

contribute to 有助于

under control (被)控制住out of control无法控制at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点.be convenient to for 对…方便

convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.) 使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…

cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理

correspond to 与…相符合，相当于. correspond with 符合,一致

at all costs不惜任何代价. at the cost of 以…为代价

on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one’s credit使某人感到光荣;

do sb. credit 使…感到光荣

on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加

to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴( to one’s regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇)

have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对..有鉴赏力

with ease ( = easily) 容易, 不费力

at (one’s) ease ( = without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束

economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful) 节省

go into effect 生效. ( 近义：come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)

enter for (=put the name on a list for) 报名参加

enter into (=begin) 开始(谈话, 谈判等)

be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权…,有资格…

except for (=apart from) 除…以外

(an) exception to …的例外

with the exception of (=except, apart from) 除去…., 除…以外

in excess of (=more than) 超过

exchange…for 以…交换

at the expense of在损害…情况下,以…为牺牲

expose…to…使暴露于…, 使…受(危险,风险)

keep an eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,监视

in the eyes of in one’s eyes ( = in the judgment of ) 在某人看来, 在某人眼里

keep faith with 对…守信用

lose faith in 对…失去信心

find fault with(=complain about; criticize)找毛病，对…吹毛求疵

in favour of 赞成

fear for (=be afraid for the safety of sb. or sth.) 为…担心

for fear of (=in case of; because of anxiety about) 以防, 由于怕

be fed up with(=be unhappy, tired about sth. dull) 厌烦, 腻了

feel like (=have a desire for) 想要

free of charge 免费

head for (=move towards) 向…方向前进

hear of (=know about) 听人说起, 听说过

be identified with 被视为与…等同

in ignorance of 不知道…

be ignorant of ( = lacking knowledge) 对…不了解,不知道

be indifferent to (=not interested in)对…漠不关心, 冷淡, 不在乎

(be) inferior to(=less good in quality or value) 比…差; superior to比…好inform sb. of sth. 通知, 告诉

be innocent of 无罪的,无辜的

in the interests of 符合…的利益be interested in 对…感兴趣

interfere in干涉, interfere with打搅,干扰

be liable to (=be subject to)易于..的,应受(罚)

be liable for 对…应负责任的

no more…than 和…一样都不…

for the most part 多半,大多数,一般来说make the most of 充分利用

name after 用…的名字命名

nothing but 只有, 不过…而已

be of the opinion 持有…的看法

on the outskirts (of) 在城郊

owe…to 把…归于…

on one’s own (=along, without help)单独

keep pace with 跟…齐步前进

part with (=give up, sell) 舍弃,卖掉

participate in (=take part in)参加

be qualified in 在某种科目或学科上合格be qualified for 在某种职业上合格call…in question 对…表示怀疑

beyond (all) question (=without question) 毫无疑问

out of the question (=impossible)不可能的

in question (=under discussion)所谈及的;

without question 毫无疑问

be caught in the rain 被雨淋了

at random (=without aim or purpose) 随便地, 任意地, 胡乱地

in the red 亏损,负债,赤字(be) get out of red 不再亏损

refer to…as 把…称做…

result in (=cause) 导致

with the result that 其结果是

on schedule(=at the planned or exacted time)按时,准时;ahead of schedule提前; in advance预先;behind schedule落后于计划进度,晚于规定时间

be schedule for 定在某时(进行)

scrape through(in) 勉强通过

from scratch(=from the beginning)从头开始

in search of 寻找;in honor of 为了...表示敬意;in memory of 为纪念..;in hopes of为期待..;in pursuit of 为追求..;in behalf of为…的利益;in favor of 为赞成…;

in support of 为支持…

in short supply 供应不足

speak ill of 说…的坏话; speak well of 说…的好话

specialize in 专门研究, 专攻

in step 步伐一致; out of step 步伐不齐

stick sth. on 把…贴在…上

stick to 粘着, 坚持

subject…to(=cause…to experience)使受..到subject (adj.) to 易受到…的

submit…to 提交

substitute…for 以…代替…

take a fancy to (=become fond of) 喜欢

yield to 对…屈服,投降,让步,顺从