2015全国高考英语试题汇编之阅读理解

广告应用类

2015全国高考汇编阅读之科普知识类

人物传记类

(2015全国1)

(2015安徽)

社会生活类

(2015全国1)The freezing Northeast

(2015全国2)My color television

(2015福建)Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer,

(2015福建)Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy.

(2015广东)Peter loved to shop used articles.

(2015广东)When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad.

(2015湖北)―I see you‘ve got a bit of water on your coat,‖ said the man at the petrol station. ―Is (2015湖南)Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real Danger

(2015湖南)Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly? (2015四川)Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he (2015天津)One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public (2015天津)Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He

(2015重庆)At thirteen, I was diagnosed(诊所)with kind of attention disorder. It made (2015重庆)

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(2015浙江)If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in (2015浙江)In 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband Joe, were united in

文化教育类

(2015全国1)Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every (2015全国2)More student than ever cefore are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to (2015福建)Food festivals around the world

(2015广东)It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.

(2015四川)Across Britain,burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older (2015四川)No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new

(2015重庆)In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his (2015安徽)Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or

(2015浙江)From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source ot (2015陕西)Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their (2015江苏)Freedom and Responsibility

2015全国高考汇编之阅读理解

广告应用类

(2015全国1)Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don‘t need to book. They end around 21:00.

November 7th

The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of nanal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early ―civil enginerrs‖.

December 5th

Ice for the Metropolis,by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London‘s ice trade grew.

February 6th

An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Smoudwater Canal is moving towards reopenling. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March 6th

Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings:https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,/book

More into:https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,/whatson

London Canal Museum

12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html, www.canalmuseum.mobi

Tel:020 ********

21.When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. February 6th.

B. March 6th.

C. November 7th.

D. December 5th.

22. What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers.

B. Ice for the Metropolis

C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands

D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals

23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A. Miranda Vickers

B. Malcolm Tucker

C. Chris Lewis

D. Liz Payne (2015福建)SIGN YOUR CHILD UP FOR "FLY TO THE MOON CLUB" AND ENJOY A FREE * FLIGHT TO ANY DESTINATION IN ASIA!

With a registration fee of just $50 per child,

children under the age of 12

can join Eagle Airways'

FL Y TO THE MOON CLUB as members.

They can then enjoy the same benefits

onboard Eagle Airways' newest Boeing-797

to any destination in the world!

BENEFITS YOU CAN'T MISS!

?A free * flight to any destination in Asia

?30% off any course at Tanya Language School

? 20% off any purchase made at Ruby Bookstore

?A free notebook with every purchase above $50 at Starlight Stationery

?A free bowl of dessert for a family of four at Don's Diners

dinner ordered

?A birthday gift on your child's birthday

?A free album containing pictures taken during the journey

All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for

the entire family! ** Insurance is issued by Live Life Insurance Group.

10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS

for departures from 5 to 11 September

* Child must be accompanied by two

paying adults.

** Terms and conditions apply.

65. One of the benefits mentioned in, the advertisement is .

A.a free flight to any destination in the world

B.30% off any book purchased at Ruby Bookstore

C.a free bowl of dessert at any restaurant at the airport

D.a discount on any course at Tanya Language School

66. Which of the following bookings may receive the most benefits?

A.

Booking date Departure date

September 13 September 18

B.

Booking date Departure date

September 2 September 12

C.

Booking date Departure date

August 15 September 4

D.

Booking date Departure date

August 16 September 8

67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement?

A.You need to pay $50 to sign up a child for the club.

B.Club members enjoy free travel insurance for any flight.

C.The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.

D.Any child must be accompanicd by at least one paying adult.

(2015全国2)Choose Your One-Day Tours

Tour A-Bath & Stonchenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge-£until 26 March and £39 thereafter.

Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey,the Royal Crescent and the Costute Mtsan.Stonehenge is one of the world‘s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

Tour B-Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary‘s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house一32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.

Oxford: Includes a guided of England‘s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the ―city of dreaming spires(尖顶)‖form St Mary‘s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace--£34 until March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Mill‘s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrace fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace ia open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!

Tour D-Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great-£33 .until 18 M arch and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th cent ury.

33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England‘s oldest university city?

A.Tour A

B.Tour B

C.Tour C

D.Tour D

34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

A.Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

B.Oxford & Stratford

C.Bath &Stonehenge.

D.Cambridge.

35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

A.It used to be the home of royal families.

B.It used to be a well-known maze

C.It is the oldest palace in Britain

D.It is a world-famous castle.

(2015四川)

31. The card above is_________

A. a ticket

B. a postcard

C. an invitation

D. an

advertisement

32. The party is for_________

A. a birthday

B. the Queen

C.

bee watching D. the National Day

33.Accordoing to the card ,if you are

unable to go ,you can .

A.return the card

B.visit the Museum

C.ignore the message

D.contact Alice‘mother

(2015天津)University Room Regulations

Approved and Prohibited Items

The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms

Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy

Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.

Pet Policy

No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.

Quiet Hours

Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.

36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?

A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.

B. Wireless routers and radios.

C. Hair dryers and candles.

D. TVs and electric blankets.

37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?

A. The combination should be changed.

B. The Office should be charged.

C. He should replace the door lock.

D. He should check out of the room.

38. What do we know about the cooking policy?

A. A microwave oven can be used.

B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.

C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.

D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.

39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____.

A. parent visits

B. a fine of $100

C. the Student Court

D. a written notice

40. When can students enjoy a party in residences?

A. 7:00 am, Sunday.

B. 7:30 am, Thursday.

C. 11:30 pm, Monday.

D. 00:30 am, Saturday.

(2015安徽)

Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.

Electronic Village Program (Thursday, June 18, 2015)

Nearpod

? 9:00 am to 10:00 am

? Room 501

Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context (语境) for students to learn vocabulary. The presenter will show how to use it. TEO

? 2:00 pin to 3:00 pm

? Room 502

Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line. The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO.

Kahoot

? 10:30 am to 11:30 am

? Room 601

Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network. It can provide students with instant feedback (反馈), including reports about their strengths and weaknesses. Prezi

? 3:30 pm to 4:20 pm

? Room 602

Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently. The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.

56. Nearpod can be used to ______.

A. offer grammar tests

B. teach listening on-line

C. help vocabulary learning

D. gain fluency in speaking

57. If you want to improve your speaking skills, you can go to____________.

A. Room 501

B. Room 502

C. Room 601

D. Room 602

58. Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?

A. Nearpod.

B. Kahoot.

C. TEO.

D. Prezi.

59. A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching ia expected to arrive by ______.

A. 9:00 am

B. 10:30 am

C. 2:00 pm

D. 3:30 pm

(2015陕西)Share with us

Would you like to have your writing published in this magazine?

Then let us know! We pay for stories, anecdotes and jokes:

Anecdotes and Jokes

$50

What‘s made you laugh recently? A funny sign? A colleague‘s be haviour? Got a joke? Send it in for Laughter is the Best Medicine!

Email: Juliet@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

Smart Animals

Up to $100

Send us a tale about the strange behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up 300 words.

Email: audry@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

Power of Love

Up to $150

Acts of generosity can change lives or just give you that warm feeling full of love. Share your moments 100—500 words.

Email: susan@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

My Story

$350

Do you have an inspiring or life-changing story to tell? Your story must be true, unpublished, original and 800-1000words.

Email: nanjc@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

For more information, please visit: https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,./share

46.How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published?

A. $50

B. $100

C. $150

D.$350

47. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to .

A. Anecdotes and Jokes

B. Smart Animals

C. Power of Love

D. My Story

48.A story showing people‘s g enerosity should be emailed to the editor at .

A. juliet@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

B. susan@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

C. Audrey@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

D. nanjc@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,

49. An inspiring story sent to the magazine should .

A. describe strange behaviour

B. contain less than 800 words

C. be real and original

D. be published before

(2015江苏)

Visitor Code

?Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealand

If you are arriving from overseas, bring no food, animal or plant material into the country. If in doubt declare it to Customs.

?Protect plants and animals

Never allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds, other wildlife, or where signposted.

?Get rid of rubbish

Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste (e.g.. glass, paper) where possible. ?Be considerate with other waste

If using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station. In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.

?Keep New Zealand's water clean

Because soaps and other wastes can harm waterways.be careful your washing water doesn't pollute the sea. lakes and rivers

?Take care with fire

Always observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or

barbecue—make sure ashes are cold before leaving.

?Camp or picnic carefully

When camping or picnicking, use facilities provided.

?Keep to the track

Keep to the track, where one exists, so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.

?Be considerate

When driving, minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.

56. According to the Code, visitors should act .

A. with care and respect

B. with relief and pleasure

C. with caution and calmness

D. with attention and observation

57. What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand?

A. Take your own camping facilities.

B. Bury glass far away from rivers.

C. Follow the track for the sake of plants.

D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds

2015全国高考汇编阅读之科普知识类

(2015全国2)Your house may have an effect on your figure . Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off . You can make your environment work for you instead of against you . Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights . Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they‘re in poorly lit places-and so mor e likely to eat lots of food . If your home doesn‘t have enough window light , get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors . Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites . In one study , people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room . Warm colors like yellow make tood appear more appetizing , while cold colors make us feel less hungry . So when it‘s time to repaint , go blue.

Don‘t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you‘re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down , turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush

through a meal.

Downsize the dishs, Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent. And we‘ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.

25.The text is especially helpful for those who care about_______.

A. their home comforts

B. their body shape

C. house buying

D. healthy diets

26.A home environment in blue can help people_________.

A.digest food bette r

B.reduce food intake

C.burn more calories

D.regain their appetites

27.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?

A.Eat quickly.

B.Play fast music.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/3f2729594.html,e smaller spoons.

D.Turn down the lights.

28.What can be a suitable title for the test?

A.Is Your Hourse Making You Fat?

B.Ways of Serving Dinner

C.Effects of Self-Consciousness

D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?

(2015福建)Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain a healthy lifestyle.

Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body.

However, studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups, it's not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health. It's an opportunity to be social, release endorphins , and improve your strength. Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard. The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone. Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.

Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don't want to embarrass themselves. If you feel you can relate, then group training is an even better option for you. It's a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision (Hu^) of a fitness instructor. If you're tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming

bored, !you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that'll keep your workout on track. Don't let fitness frighten you!

If you're serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it's extremely important to surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional support. I wouldn't scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn't expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health. Surround yourself with people who uplift, encourage and understand you! Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class, with a friend. Plan to go for a jog together. Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Fitness can be both fun and social!

Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals. First, decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive. Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.

72. The first paragraph focuses on ____ .

A.the greatest challenge of group exercise

B.the most effective way to improve physical fitness

C.the contribution of group exercise to psychological health

D.the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups

73. The underlined word "upbeat" in the second paragraph probably means "

A. cheerful

B. average

C. serious

D. temporal*)'

74. When it comes to emotional support, the author thinks it necessary .

A.to sustain a colorful lifestyle

B.to party on weekends with positive people

C.to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly

D.to surround yourself with supportive people

75. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Seeking Support

B. Supporting Health

C. Improving Your Strength

D. Building Up Fitness

(2015广东)Daniel Anderson, a famous psych ologist, believes it‘s important to distinguish television‘s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for

problems it doesn‘t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children‘s minds.

One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child‘s abi lity to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.

Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn‘t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents‘ educational background have a stronger influence on a child‘s reading. ―A child‘s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.‖ Anderson says.

Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it‘s the other way around. ―If you‘re smart young, you‘ll watch less TV when you‘re older,‖ Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.

For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.

36. By watching TV, children learn _________.

A. images through words

B. more than explicit meanings

C. more about images than words

D. little about people‘s psychology

37. An educational program is best watched by a child _________.

A. on his own

B. with other kids

C. with his parents

D. with his teachers

38. Which of the following is most related to children‘s reading ability?

A. Radio-listening

B. Television-watching

C. Parents‘ reading list

D. Parents‘ educational background

39. Anderson believed that _________.

A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is

B. the younger a child is, the more he watches TV

C. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV

D. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school

40. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To advise on the educational use of TV.

B. To describe TV‘s harmful effects on children.

C. To explain traditional views on TV influences.

D. To present Anderson‘s unconventional ideas.

(2015湖北)Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there‘s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren‘t?

To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科). Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introduciing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader‘s attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.

On the whole,Brooks‘s story is acceptalbe if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie eslewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks‘s attempt to translate his tale into science.

67. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.

A. illustrate where science can be applied

B. demon strate the value of Brooks‘s new book

C. remind the reader of the importance of science

D. explain why many writers use science in their works

68. According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?

A. Its strong basis.

B. Its convincing points.

C. Its clear writing.

D. Its memorable characters.

69. What is the author‘s general attitude towards the book?

A. Contradictory.

B. Supportive. C . Cautious. D. Critical.

70. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?

A. Problems with the book.

B. Brooks‘s life experience.

C. Death of the characters.

D. Brooks‘s translation skills.

(2015湖南)In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, "No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me."

The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.

This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?

That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋

千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.

61. The author mentions the joke to show ______.

A. horses were fairly useful in Chicago

B. Chicago's streets were extremely muddy

C. Chicago was very dangerous in the spring

D. the Chicago people were particularly humorous

62. The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_______.

A. get rid of the street dirt

B. lower the Chicago River

C. fight against heavy floods

D. build the pipes above ground

63. The underlined word "hoist" in Paragraph 4 means "_______".

A. change

B. lift

C. repair

D. decorate

64. What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?

A. It went on smoothly as intended.

B. It interrupted the business of the hotel.

C. It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.

D. It separated the building from its foundation.

65. The passage is mainly about the early Chicago's ______.

A. popular life styles and their influences

B. environmental disasters and their causes

C. engineering problems and their solutions

D. successful businessmen and their achievements

(2015四川)Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night一as well as during the

day,British-based researchers say.

David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.

Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds'health at risk.His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.

He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output, there mtgrit be some costs of energy."

And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me saying `You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?'.During the breeding(繁殖)season,between April and June,they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep."

Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution,other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise. However, some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.

42. According to Dr Dominoni's study,what causerrobins to sing so much?

A. The breeding season.

B. The light in modem

C. The dangerous environment.

D. The noise from heavy machinery.

43. What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output?

A. The environment might be polluted.

B. The birds' health might be damaged.

C. The industry cost might be increased.

D.The people's hearing might be affected.

44. What does the underlined word "nocturnal" in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Active at night.

B. Inactive at night.

C. Active during the day.

D.Inactive during the day.

45. Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?

A. Because there are fewer dangers.

B. Because there is more food to eat.

C. Because there is less light pollution

D. Because there are more places to take shelter.(2015天津)Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.

The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn‘t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.

Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.

Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company‘s ―Oshbot‖ robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product‘s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.

The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. ―We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,‖ said Breazeal.

41. How are social robots different from household robots?

A. They can control their emotions.

B. They are more like humans.

C. They do the normal housework.

D. They respond to users more slowly.

42. What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?

A. Communicate with you and perform operations.

B. Answer your questions and make requests.

C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk.

D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.

43. What can Oshbot work as?

A. A language teacher.

B. A tour guide.

C. A shop assistant.

D. A private nurse.

44. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ______.

A. train employees

B. be our workmates

C. improve technologies

D. take the place of workers

45. What does the passage mainly present?

A. A new design idea of household robots.

B. Marketing strategies for social robots.

C. Information on household robots.

D. An introduction to social robots.

(2015重庆)There are many places to go on safari(观赏野生动物)in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.

Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.

The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face. It is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.

In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace. With golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.

Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback Safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

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