EY-笔试
一、IQ TEST（10 minutes）other 80 minutes
立方体装水多重问题，每年几乎都会考到的
ρ水=1000kg/立方米=1g/立方厘米
1）0.5 3 12 52
规律：当n≥2时,第n个数的值等于前一个数加1乘以n.
答案：（0.5+1）*2=3，（3+1）*3=12，（12+1）*4=52，（52+1）*5=265
和以前的一样，四张图，都是白点黑点构成，列方程
3）两辆车向相反方向行驶，距离30KM，同时向右转，行驶40KM后问这两辆车相距多少?
规律：勾股定理a2+b2=c2
4）填图，超级简单
5）三个女生共有267元，购买花费的金钱一样，一人购完后还有25元，另两人购完后还有10元，问第一人一开始共有多少钱?
解题思路：将问题设为参数，参数越少越好。
答案:设每人花费a元，则第一个人开始有a+25元，
267-3a=25+20，a=74, a+25=99元
所以第一个人开始有99元。
1）数列: 2.5, 7, 24, 100, ？
规律：当n≥2时,第n个数的值等于前一个数加1乘以n.
答案：505
2.图形题:空心和实心搞清楚就好了
3.路程问题:两人背对背走24m,然后分别左转再走了32m,然后问相距多少？
4.图形题:考你空间想象的
5.付钱问题:小学应用题
1.2 8 48 384 求后面的数
2=1*2,8=1*2*2^2,48=1*2*3*2^3,384=1*2*3*4*2^4 so the last one is 3840=1*2*3*4*5*2^5
2.图形题,求数,有2个圆形，有2个三角组成，或实心或空心，代表的数字不同对比一下就知道空三角比实心的少4，所以所求的图形代表
3.两汽车反相行驶12KM,后都右转16 km 求此时他们距离多少
应该是（12+12）^+(16+16)^=1600 开方得40km
4. 图形题给一个中间挖空一个6角形的正方形,求四个选项中哪个是被挖空的那个图形，用线圈出来六角形是两个三角形合在一起的，一个三角略大一些，并且六角形的排列角度不一样，对比一下可知是
5. 3个人共258, 花了一样的钱,A还剩22, B.C 各剩10,求A开始有多少钱?
列个方程就知道了，94（数字可能记得不太准了，就是这个意思）
1, 1.5, 1, 0,-4,？
答案-25
1.5*2-2=1;1*3-3=0;0*4-4=-4;(-4)*5-5=-25
2,比较图
按第二幅、第一幅，第四幅的顺序看，可知圆圈里一次少一个点，一次加2，所以24
3,两人背对走3KM，分别左转再走4KM，问此时相距多少？
10,勾股定理
4,问哪个图能填进空里，只有B和D比较混淆，看看粗细就知道了
D
5, 三人一共279元，三人花费一样多，甲剩下30，乙、丙各剩下15元，问甲一开始有多少？
103
数列题
0 -4 ？
2 图形题三角和圆形有中间有点的和无点的第1个代表22 第2个20 第3个22 每个数字有四个形状组成，问第4个图形代表多少？
3 两人同点出发相反方向各行走3公里然后左转各走4公里问现在相距？
4 图形题挖出来一块
问哪个选项适合填在那里
三人共拿钱279元上街买东西，买相同的东西后，甲剩下30元，乙剩下15元
问刚开始甲拿多少钱
1.5，5，18，76，__385
1. 1, 4, 15, 64, ___325
2. A, B WALK OPPOSITELY FOR 15 METERS, AND BOTH TURN LEFT AND WALK FOR 20 METER
S, WHHAT'S THE DISTANCE? 50
3. A,B,C HAVE A TOTAL OF 288RMB AND SPEND THE SAME AMOUNT. A LEFT 20RMB,B AND
C 5RMB EACH. HOW MUCH DOES A HAVE AT FIRST? 106
0,-2,-9 , -40 , ____.
0*2-2=-2 -2*3-3=-9
-9*4-4=-40
所以最后答案是-40*5-5=-205
1．11 24 51 106 ？
217
2．略
3．重点是区别a和c，因为这两个字母有点像。
4．一升水重1KG，问现有1KG的立方体边长为3M，则装纯水总共多重？
1*3*3*3*1000+1=27001
5．一本书等于587页加自身总页的一半，则这本书多少页？
X=587+X/2 X=1174
1.数列0，7，24，51，？？
2.是关于广告费用的问题，5cm*10cm的黑白10，000rmb；10* 20的彩色80，000；5*20
的黑白20，000；问8*15的彩色要多少钱。
3.时针和分针相交了，问下一次相交是多久之后
4.一本书500页有12章，每章之间有一页空白，一个人阅读速度每天10页，问多少天看完
5.学生的编号，excellent的学生是9号，finest的是6号，worst的是5号，问一个amazing
的学生是几号？
二、Letter（比如：一封自荐信，表述自己的优势）
猎头：部门现状，如何处理问题（比如对training的看法）
E-MAIL记得落款
开头写收件人很重要
邮件：首先明确写邮件的对象、目的、格式
接下来，按照格式根据目的一条一条地阐述。最好是针对题目要求一段话解决一个问题。别添油加醋，掰些没有分量的话。并不是所有时候都是写得越多越好
结尾。有礼貌地结束。
此外，字迹整洁很重要——第一印象决定了评委的心理预期。
李明:
1)speciality: whether we could orgnise seminar for all the workers to study and discuss the new accounting rules
2)Work efficiency: whether we could organise a course for keyboard shortcuts learing, meanwhile we can organize some
relevant interesting contest, which not only could increase the communication among all the workers, but also could increase the work efficiency
2)Work efficiency: whether we could organise a course for keyboard shortcuts learing, meanwhile we can organize some relevant interesting contest, which not only could increase the communication among all the workers, but also could increase the work efficiency
小明:
1.professional skills:
if it is possible to organize study and discussion of the NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARD
2 working efficiency
if it is possible to organize the study of shortcut key operation and corresponding funny games,thus,the communication between colleagues as well as the working efficiency will be improved
周婷:
1) Professional skills: whether if u can organize team members together to learn and discuss the new accountant rules
2) Work efficiency: whether if u can organize team members to learn the operation of keyboard shortcuts then set up a related interesting game, therefore it will not only enhance the communications between the colleagues but also improve their work efficiency.
1. China is now the number one of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in the world. What measures should China improve to maintain the position in the future?
FDI（对外直接投资）是现代的资本国际化的主要形式之一，按照国际货币基金组织的定义FDI是指：在投资人以外的国家所经营的企业拥有持续利益的一种投资，其目的在于对该企业的经营管理具有发言权。
跨国公司是FDI的主要形式。到1999年为止，5.3万跨国公司约有3.5万亿美圆资产。且跨国公司的投资主
要是在发达国家之间，且基本上分布于日本，美国，欧盟三极之中。日本早前的FDI主要投资于东南亚，80年代后，80%投资于美国，20%投资于欧洲。现在为中国的第三大外资来源国。从1997年亚洲金融危机以来，对外投资趋缓。
关于国际直接投资（FDI）的本质，有的学者强调“经营资源”，尤其是企业的无形资产。例如，日本学者原正行（1992）认为，FDI是企业特殊经营资源在企业内部的国际转移；另一位日本学者小岛清（1987）认为，FDI是以经营管理上的技术性专门知识为核心。有的学者则强调“控制权”，例如A.G.肯伍德和A.L.洛赫德（1992）认为，FDI是指一国的某公司在另一国设立分支机构，或获得该国某企业的控制权。相关国际机构、政府部门与理论界，例如联合国跨国公司与投资司、国际货币基金组织、WTO、美国商务部等，认为国际直接投资与国际间接投资的根本区别在于是否获得被投资企业的控制权，因为FDI所形成的无形资产处于核心地位，而货币资本则处于非常次要的地位，只能进行间接投资，所以，FDI不仅直接参与经营管理，而且其直接目标就是获得被投资企业的控制权。基于此，有学者认为，“FDI是指一国或地区企业通过垄断优势（主要表现为无形资产）的国际转移，获得部分或全部外国企业控制权，以实现最终目标和直接目标高度统一的长期投资行为。”
Overview of FDI in China
China’s absorption of foreign investment is an important content of China’s fundamental principle of opening up to the outside world, and also an important component of Deng Xiaoping Theory, and is one of the great practices of building up
socialist economy with Chinese characteristics. The Third Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party in 1978 confirmed over again the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, and realized the historical transformation of key work for the entire Party. It also established the basic line of focusing on the central task of economic construction, and made up the great decision of reform and opening up to the outside world. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures, was promulga ted by the National People’s Congress in 1979, then the work of utilizing foreign capital as an important content of opening up to the outside world initiated as China’s fundamental principle. After twenty years of great efforts, the scale of absorbing for eign capital increasingly expanded as well as the level was increasingly upgraded when China’s law and managerial system on foreign investment have been gradually perfected. The achievements won the whole world’s attention, which effectively promoted the continuous, fast and healthy development of national economy.
I The basic means of China’s absorption of foreign investments
The foreign investments are basically divided into direct investment and other means of investment. The direct investment, which is widely adopted, includes Sino-foreign joint ventures, joint exploitation and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises, foreign-funded share-holding companies and joint development. The other means of investment includes compensation trade and processing and assembling.
1. Sino-foreign joint ventures
Sino-foreign joint ventures are also known as share-holding corporations. They are formed in China with joint capitals by foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals with Chinese companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals. The main feature is that the joint parties invest together, operate together, take risk according to the ratio of their capitals and take responsibility of losses and profits. The capitals from different parties are translated into the ratios of capitals, and in general the capital from foreign party should not be lower than 25%.
The Sino-foreign joint ventures are among the first forms of China’s absorption of foreign direct investmen t and they account for the biggest part. At present they are still a great part in the absorption of foreign investments.
2. Cooperative businesses
Cooperative business is also called contractual cooperation businesses. They are formed in China with joint capitals or terms of cooperation by foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals with Chinese companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals. The rights and obligations of different parties are embedded in the contract. To establish a cooperative business, the foreign party, generally speaking, supplies all or most of the capital while Chinese party supplies land, factory buildings, and useful facilities, and also some supply a certain amount of capital, too.
3. Exclusively foreign-owned enterprises
Exclusively foreign-owned enterprises, which are totally invested by foreign party in China by foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals in accordance with laws of China. According to the law of foreign-funded enterprises, the establishment of foreign enterprises should benefit the development of our national economy and agree with at least one of the following criteria: the enterprises must adopt international advanced technology and facility; all or most of the products must be export-oriented. The foreign funded enterprises often take the form of limited liability.
4. Joint exploitation
Joint exploitation is the abbreviation of maritime and overland oil joint exploitation. It is a widely adopted measure of economic cooperation in the international natural resources field. The striking features are high risk, high investment and high reward. The joint development is often divided into three steps: exploitation, development and production. Compared with the other three means mentioned above, joint cooperation accounts for a small ratio.
5. Foreign-funded share-holding companies
Foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations and individuals can form foreign funded share-holding companies in China with Chinese companies, enterprises, and other economic organizations. The total capital of the share-holding company is formed by equal shares，shareholders will take due responsibilities for the company according to shares purchased; Company will take responsibilities for all its debts through all its assets and the Chinese and foreign shareholders will hold the shares of the company. Among them, the shares purchased and held by foreign investors account for more than 25% of the total registered capital of the company. Limited company can be founded either by means of starting-up or raising, and the limited liability company invested by the foreigners can also apply to turn into share-holding companies. The qualified enterprises can also apply to issue A & B share and list abroad.
6. New types of foreign investment
While expanding areas and opening-up domestic market, China is also exploring and expanding actively its new types of utilizing foreign investment such as BOT, investment company and so on. Since multinational merger and acquisition has become the major type of international direct investment, Chinese government is now researching and enacting related policies so as to facilitate the foreigners to invest in China by means of merger and acquisition.
II. China’s policy direction of absorption of foreign investment
We should hold up high the flag of Deng Xiaoping Theory, follow the requirement of three representatives, center on the principles and policies of our nation’s economic and social development determined at the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, adapt to the new situation of world economic development, stick to the principles of active and reasonable utilization of foreign capital, combine foreign capital absorption with economic structure adjustment and industrial upgrading promotion, the improvement of socialist market economy system, the reinforcement of enterprise competitiveness, the expansion of export and development of open economy, the vigorous exploitation of China’s western area, and promotion of regional economies′ harmonious development. Measures should be taken to further improve the soft environment for foreign investment, explore actively new methods for absorbing foreign capital, put emphasis on absorbing advanced technologies, modern management and special talents, and actively absorb foreign capital to invest in industries of new and advanced technologies, encourage multinational to set up district headquarters, research and procurement centers; speed up the development of supporting industries and push on the service trade field to open up to foreign countries step by step.
1. Energetically improve the political and legal environment for foreign investment, and to enhance legal administration level. According to our commissions for joining WTO and the requirement for our opening-up process, we will further improve the legal system of absorbing foreign investment, keep on the steadiness, consistency, predictability and feasibility of the policies and laws of foreign investment laws, try to create a united, steady, transparent and predictable environment for foreign investment. We will further simplify the examination and approval procedures for foreign investment and adopt a standardized examination and approval system; reinforce our sense of legality, try to be open, just and transparent, and establish an incorruptible, industrious, pragmatic and effective government, creating a good administrative environment for foreign investment.
2. Maintain and improve an open and fair market environment. We should combine this with the current work of rectifying and standardizing the order of market economy, prohibit firmly the improper collecting fees from foreign companies as well as improper inspection and fine of them. Measures should be taken to destroy local protectionism and industrial monopoly. We should also enhance the lawful measures to protect the intellectual property right and take strong actions against illegal piracy, therefore, establish an open, unified and fair market environment, further perfect the complaining mechanism of foreign-funded and protect the legal rights of foreign merchants according to law.
3. Further open the field of service industry. In accordance with China’s self-development and Commitment to the WTO, we will open this field vigorously and steadily and systematically, perfect rules and regulations for service industry and
formulate a united and standard system for accession into the market of foreign investment service. We will encourage the import of modern service concepts and advanced management experiences, technologies and modes of modern market operation, improve structure of service industry in China.
4. Encourage foreign businessmen to invest in the new high-tech industry, the basic industry, and supporting industry. The ability of technology innovation and sustainable development directly reflect the competitiveness advantages of a country. We will continue to encourage foreign investors to introduce, develop and innovate technology and to invest in technology-intensive project, and projects with advanced technology and to guide in enterprise registered capital proportion limitation and funding condition. The relevant stipulations of setting pioneering investment enterprise should also be consummated in order to facilitate the conditions of setting and developing high-tech corporations. We should attract foreigners to invest in supporting industry and encourage the localization of new materials, push domestic small and medium-sized enterprises to enforce cooperation with foreign companies and introduce the advanced and applicable technology to match the large foreign-funded enterprises, thus to enter the production and sales network of multinational companies.
5. Attract actively more multinational companies to invest in China. Multinational companies as leading force of today′s world economy. We will pay more attention to improve the relevant policies to attract multinationals to invest in China, establish the local headquarters and set up cross-country procurement centers. Using the experience and methods of merger and acquisition of other countries and taking th e economical system with China’s characteristics and realities of into consideration, we should speed up the step to draft and improve the practical policy and stipulations of investment through merger and acquisition, further revise the relevant stipulations of the foreign-invested share-holding companies, push the formulation and perfecting of BOT and special permission transfer investment methods, the various stipulations for foreign-funded enterprise’s listing domestically and abroad.
6. Further promote foreign invest in the central and western regions. Vast areas in these regions are rich in resources for farming and stock raising, mineral resources and tourist resources. With a large population and a market of great potential labor forces, other key elements for production are relatively inexpensive with the steady progress and western development strategy, such facilities as transportation, communication and construction has impressively improved. Because of the improvement of investment environment and ecological development and emergence of potential for the development of specialty economy, foreign businessmen who invest in these regions are facing brand-new opportunities and great development space.
FDI to China should Remain Stable
By Jiang Wei
2006-07-19
China's foreign direct investment (FDI) should remain stable in the second half of the year, but correcting the trade imbalance will be difficult in the short term, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.
"FDI to China will remain at the same level as last year," said bureau spokesman Zheng Jingping.
He said the government would continue to encourage the flow of investment in and out of China, adding that the country needed time to digest the large amount of FDI after years of big increases.
FDI flowing into China totaled US$28.4 billion in the first half of the year, a decline of 0.47 per cent from a year ago.
But according to Zheng, "foreign investment in China is still strong."
He attributed the drop to the strengthening of regulations and laws on environmental protection, the social security system and approvals of land transfer, which increased costs to some foreign investors.
"(The decline) also resulted from abundant domestic investment and other countries' policies to attract foreign
investment," he said.
Contracted FDI, which indicates the future trend of foreign investment, in the first half hit US$88.5 billion, up 2.7 per cent year-on-year.
Zheng added that it is difficult for China to maintain a high growth rate on the large base. China has attracted US$50 billion to US$60 billion in FDI each year over the past few years.
In another development, Zheng predicted China would face difficulties in correcting the trade imbalance in the short term while processing trade accounts for half of the total trade volume.
China's imports and exports totaled US$795.7 billion in the first half. Exports rose 25.2 per cent year-on-year to US$428.6 billion in this period, while imports rose 21.3 per cent to US$367.1 billion.
The trade surplus for the first six months totaled US$61.45 billion, up 54.9 per cent year-on-year.
Zheng said that the growth rate of exports decreased 7.5 percentage points from last year, while the growth rate of imports increased 7.3 percentage points.
"Generally speaking it will help reduce the trade surplus," he said, adding that it was processing trade that kept the surplus high.
The growing trade surplus has put China under pressure from major trade partners to make progress in balancing imports and exports.
Zheng noted that China's imports of raw materials continued to increase at a fast pace in the first half, while exports of high-energy consumption products decreased in this period.
For example, China imported some 73 million tons of crude oil, up 15.6 per cent from a year ago, 18.2 million tons of oil products, up 16 per cent year-on-year, and 160 millions tons of iron ore, up 22.9 per cent year-on-year.
Meanwhile, exports of coal declined 12.7 per cent year-on-year in the first half of this year. Coke was down 10.7 per cent and alumina was down 20 per cent.
"In the past, when foreign investors made profits in China they often transferred the money to other countries, but now due to the improvement of the Chinese market they can make good profits here, so they often reinvest in China," Zheng said, adding this would increase the nation's foreign exchange reserves.
But he said the government does not intend to have a high level of foreign reserves.
2/3 of FDI in China comes from overseas Chinese
Foreign direct investment has been increasing very fast in China, and many people start to worry about the economic security of the country. However, a report by Shen Danyang, vice director of the Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, proves that there is nothing to worry about.
In fact, over 67% of FDI in China comes from overseas Chinese, thus the stability and technological transferability are guaranteed, and thus FDI will not pose any risks to China's economic security.
However, most overseas Chinese enterprises have the channels of their own, and they are prone to exportation. What's more, about 80% of joint-venture manufacturers in China are invested by overseas Chinese, which does contribute to China's great trade surplus.
FDI in China tops 63 bln USD in 2006
BEIJING, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Foreign direct investment (FDI) used in China in 2006 topped 63 billion U.S. dollars, up 5 percent over the previous year, said Commerce Minister Bo Xilai on Monday.
It reversed a downside trend in the first half of the year, Bo said at a national conference on commerce work held in Beijing.
The exact contractual value of foreign funds was not available at press time.
Bo said China would make effective use of foreign funds and make the service sector a key area to attract foreign investment.
Although China has been the largest recipient of foreign investment among all developing nations for 15 years, there is much to be done to improve both of its quality and quantity, Vice Premier Wu Yi has said.
China is to channel more foreign investment into research and development centers, new high-tech industries, advanced manufacturing, and the energy conservation and environmentally friendly sectors.
At the same time, investment that helps upgrades China's agriculture and traditionally manufacture is also encouraged.
While receiving large amounts of FDI, Chinese companies have been actively investing overseas, said Bo.
The overseas investment of Chinese multinationals totaled 16.1 billion U.S. dollars last year, up 32 percent year-on-year.
Xinhua
发布日期：2007-01-16
2. What are the advantage and disadvantage of a freely convertible currency? Do you think china will allow RMB to freely float on the international market in next 5 years?
China off the Hook...Again
Since even before the dawn of the Forex Blog, commentators have been speculating that the US Treasury Department would officially brand China as a "currency manipulator" in its semi-annual report to Congress. Such a label is important because it would enable the US to levy tariffs and other economic penalties against China. However, another report has been issued, and one more time the Treasury Department glossed over China's de facto control over the Yuan. The report did criticize China for failing to appreciate the RMB rapidly enough, since the 12% gains it has racked up over the last two years have been largely offset by inflation. The report also referred to China's widening trade surplus and accompanying growth in foreign exchange reserves. US politicians, however, are less than pleased, and are preparing to take matters into their own hands. The Associated Press reports:
"In refusing to brand China as a currency manipulator, which is so obvious, the Administration gives Congress no choice but to act on its own. This report is the strongest case possible for our legislation," said [one high-ranking Senator] Schumer.
OECD: Chinese Yuan Still Too Low
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) recently issued a report on the Chinese Yuan, which thoroughly assessed the cu rrency’s appreciation since it was “revalued” over two years ago. While the Yuan has technically risen over 10% against the USD, the OECD concluded that in real terms, the currency has actually fallen. The official rate of inflation hit 6.5% this year, and international economists reckon the true figure is probably much higher. Furthermore, the government recently revised its estimate for full-year GDP growth to 11.4%, which means price levels may rise further, eating into the real value of the RMB. In fact, the OECD estimates that the Yuan remains undervalued by
as much as 40% and views the “solution” as a combination of tighter monetary policy and looser exchange rate policy. The Associated Press reports:
While the report did not directly criticize China's foreign exchange controls, it noted that efforts to tighten money supply to counter inflation were not having much impact.
China Trade Surplus Sets New Record
Despite, or perhaps because of the appreciating Yuan, China's trade surplus with the US is growing by 50% on an annualized basis, and is set to surpass $250 Billion for the year. In theory, the more expensive Chinese currency should reduce US dependence on Chinese exports and narrow the trade imbalance. In practice, the US is actually importing a greater quantity of goods and services from China and is also paying higher prices because of the appreciating Yuan. Ironically, the US Treasury Secretary is scheduled to discuss this matter with his Chinese counterpart next week, and is expected to pressure China to appreciate the RMB even faster against the Dollar. Unfortunately, China's hands are partially tied as a result of an agreement it already signed with the EU, under which it promised to appreciate the RMB against the Euro. Bloomberg News reports:
Under the current regime, the yuan is allowed to move as much as 0.5 percent against the U.S. dollar every day, from the previous limit of 0.3 percent. "There will be a broadening of the trading band again in the next few months," said one analyst.
Why China Should Not Dump the Dollar
In fact, China may have to increase its exposure to the dollar, according to the comments of Brad Setser of the Council of Foreign Relations: "In my mind, so long as China resists more rapid appreciation of the renminbi versus the dollar, it's rather difficult for China to diversify in any meaningful way against the dollar. If China really started to diversify away from the dollar, I think it's a big enough player that it would put downward additional pressure on the dollar."
And additional downward pressure on the USD should be what China is trying to avoid. China, being the largest exporter to the U.S. does not want to see appreciation of its currency against the USD, as that would make its goods more expensive (and therefore less competitive) in America.
In fact, Setser goes on to say that in order to prevent the USD from sliding even further downward against the RMB, China would have to not only retain its present stock of USD, but in fact buy even more.
Chinese Yuan Reaches Milestone
The Chinese Yuan has crossed the psychological barrier of 7.5 RMB/USD, a level last seen nearly a decade ago. The currency’s appreciation has been gradual but visible, not withstanding the cries of western bureaucrats. By all accounts, the Yuan will continue rising, though not at the same pace as its trade surplus, which is projected to jump from $177 Billion in 2006 to $300 Billion in 2007. Predictions regarding the extent of the appreciation range from 20% to 400%, the implication being that it depend who you ask. But the general consensus is clear: the Yuan is pointing upwards. Bloomberg News reports:
Non-deliverable forward contracts show traders are betting the yuan will reach 7.0070 in 12 months, a gain of 6.9 percent from the spot rate, and 6.95 by the end of 2008.
China to Float the Yuan?
Since it was freed from its fixed exchange rate regime two years ago, the Chinese Yuan has appreciated nearly 9% against the USD. While the Yuan’s exchange rate is clearly managed by the Chinese government, many commentators agree that its rise has given off the aura of a floating currency. One economist thinks China will cement this perception the conclusion of the Beijing Olympics-to be held in 2008-and allow the currency to float freely, at which point it could surge by as much as 10% against the USD. Evidently, China is growing tired of the lack of control it has over its domestic economy due to its
exchange rate policy and is clearly overwhelmed by the need to continue growing its forex reserves (which now stand at $1.33 trillion) in order to control the Yuan. Bloomberg News reports:
“They have to adopt a free-float system; it's not a question of whether they will, but a question of when. After the Olympics, the new leadership will be firmly i n place.”
China internet: The long march toward e-commerce
FROM THE ECONOMIST INTELLIGENCE UNIT
By Alice Woudhuysen
China is known the world over as a leading producer of electronic equipment and high tech goods. But when it comes to the buying and selling products over the internet, the country is still in its infancy.
In a country famous for its government-led plans, this month saw an entirely new one when the Chinese government rolled out its first e-commerce development plan. Dubbed the “E-Commerce Development Plan during the 11th Five-Year Period,” the plan aims for China to have a basic support systems and technical services to support the development of e-commerce nationwide within three years.
By 2010, according to China's bureaucrats, e-commerce will become an "important industry" and e-commerce applications should promote the "dramatic growth of economic and social development in China." Given the state of the country's internet network to date, this could be a very tall order indeed.
On the plus side, internet usage has grown rapidly in China over the past ten years. The EIU predicts that by the end of 2007, China will have more than 140m internet users and that within the next few years it will overtake the US as the country with the most internet users in the world. However, in terms of e-commerce, China remains at the starting blocks.
According to China-based IT consultancy Analyses International, China’s retail e-commerce sales reached US$657m in 2006 and may triple to US$1.25bn in 2010. By comparison, the US Department of Commerce estimates that US retail e-commerce sales reached US$122bn in 2006 and are growing at over 20% annually.
China’s e-commerce is lagging behind most developed markets because it is hindered by a lack of policies, a proper credit system and poor logistics. The new e-commerce development plan should help to tackle these problems. And, while China should not expect to catch up with the US in terms of market share, it can expect to benefit from US internet companies investing in China.
A nascent B2
B market
According to a report by Chinese market research and advisory firm China Center for Information Industry Development Consulting (CCID Consulting), the trade volume of China’s e-commerce - which includes business to business (B2B), business to consumer (B2C) and consumer to consumer (C2C) - grew by 52% in 2006. However, whilst 99% of China’s 42 million companies are small and medium-sized, only 3% of them made deals over the internet in 2006.
Conversely, in the US, B2B e-commerce is progressing rapidly, with the US Census Bureau estimating that over 94% of all e-commerce can be classified as B2B. According to an end-2003 review from the Institute for Supply Management and US market research firm Forrester, 85% of large US companies use the internet to purchase materials and services.
As the EIU’s 2007 e-readiness rankings suggest, China is actually a beneficiary of the growth of B2B volumes in the US. The result has been the creation of big, sophisticated B2B transaction service providers, including one of the world’s largest online B2B marketplaces, Alibaba.
US portal Yahoo! bought a 40% stake in Alibaba for US$1bn in 2005. Today, over 15m business and consumer customers in
China use Alibaba’s online platform. While most do not pay to use basic services, more than 100,000 businesses do. The Chinese firm is evolving into a comprehensive supplier of online business development resources for Chinese customers: many of whom would not be doing business online at all if not for Alibaba.
An inefficient credit system
E-commerce platform vendor Art Technology Group (ATG) suggests that only 24% of China’s internet users currently shop online. Although the Chinese government is eager to increase B2C e-commerce, it largely depends on credit card purchases, and it is very difficult for the average Chinese citizen to get hold of a credit card.
Countrywide, it generally takes more than a month to obtain a credit card in China as the banking system remains highly inefficient. Individuals spend a long time dealing with an inefficient system of credit checks and sub-par service, where consumers regularly have to wait in two-hour long queues to see a bank teller.
In 2004 there were just 10m cards in circulation in China. Although 2006 saw the addition of 15.6m credit cards, there are still fewer than 50m credit cards in circulation for an emerging middle class of 250m. And even those fortunate enough to have a credit card find that their cards lack viable credit limits because of Chinese banks ’ we ak risk-management departments.
However, this situation is beginning to change. Banks such as China Merchants Bank (CMB) are pushing hard to develop credit cards for use in online transactions. CMB, which is the market leader, is also coming up with co-branded credit cards to appeal to younger Chinese customers. To date, it has forged relationships with Young Card, Bertelsmann, Hello Kitty, MSN mini, Ctrip (CTRP) and Air China (AIRYY) to name a few. Given that an estimated 90% of all online shoppers in China are under 40, this should be lucrative for both banks and online retail sites.
China’s financial services market is also opening its doors to global banks such as Citibank, Standard Chartered and HSBC, which are all buying stakes in Chinese banks. In October 2006, GE Money (the consumer and small business financial services unit of General Electric) invested US$100m in Shenzhen Development Bank (SDB) and launched a credit card with the bank and Wal-Mart.
Online trust
Even with a better credit system, the success or failure of e-commerce strategies is linked to the issue of online trust. According to a survey produced by US-based research and advisory company in August 2006, even in the US, nearly half of online adults said that concerns about theft of information, data breaches or internet-based attacks affected their purchasing payment, online transaction or e-mail behaviour. The financial cost of this mistrust in e-commerce was approximately US$2bn in 2006. Gartner also estimates that US$913m in 2006 e-commerce sales were lost because of security concerns among online shoppers.
China’s problem is that it lacks an online payment system for handling credit card transactions in a safe and efficient manner, meaning that only about one in three online purchases is made using a credit card. The remainder are paid with cash on delivery or post office transfers. What is clear is that the government needs to develop a better online payment system and encourage e-commerce sites to support multiple payment models which allow greater flexibility when purchasing goods.
Another issue linked to online trust are the products themselves. Home-grown internet retailers offer a limited product selection, of which the quality is often suspect. In March this year for example, online book store https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html, was forced to apologise to a publishing house for selling pirated books online. Incidences like these lower consumer confidence, thus hindering e-commerce growth.
Poor logistics
Also hampering China’s e-commerce growth are its poor logistic and distribution networks, which restrict how far apart sellers and buyers can be, thus making sending purchased items difficult.
US internet retailers such as Amazon are helping to remedy the situation. In June this year, Amazon invested more capital into its Chinese e-commerce operation https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html,. It introduced some of the features of its worldwide sites to the Chinese market to boost its performance, offering free shipping on all orders and providing customer-specific purchase recommendations. It has also increased its stake in https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html,, which subsequently changed its name to Joyo/Amazon.
Amazon first invested in https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html, in 2004, when it was generally considered to be China’s leading B2C provider. According to Analysys International, the Chinese website https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html, appears to have grown faster than Joyo/Amazon in terms of registered users. https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html, now has 18% share of the B2C market, whilst Joyo/Amazon has 12% and https://www.360docs.net/doc/343264055.html, has just 6%.
Although these are the top three service providers, they control only 36% of the B2C market. The rest of the market is occupied by a huge number of small-scale B2C vendors, which look unlikely to benefit from foreign investment.
Foreign investors
Foreign internet retailers are eager to establish their operations in China. Websites such as Google, Yahoo, eBay and MySpace are all trying to break into the fast-growing China market. eBay acquired Chinese shopping site Eachnet in 2003 and Japan’s Rakuten has invested in Ctrip. However, local players like Baidu, NetEase, Alibaba and Alibaba’s Taobao auction site are still dominating their Western rivals.
This is encouraging for China, which may not want to rely too heavily on the US for e-commerce success. However, by remaining open to the US, and by the US remaining open to China, both countries look set to benefit. US companies will
gain entry to China’s growing e-commerce market, whilst transferring new technology, operational expertise and business knowledge to China.
China can still do a lot on its own. Once it has rolled out its e-commerce development plan and improved its credit system and logistics, this should increase online trust. This, in turn, should successfully increase online spending.
It might be worth questioning how big a role the government can take in all this considering that the e-commerce market in China is dominated by private sector companies. However, the plan does highlight the government’s awareness of the huge potential of e-commerce and its determination to enhance, not block, its development.
SOURCE: INDUSTRY BRIEFING
5. How to build a transparent and equal environment for foreign investors?
6. Shanghai has successfully bid for World Expo. What is the benefit of this to the city and to china as a whole?
In my opinion, both Shanghai and China have a lot of benefits from the successful bid for world expo:
First, it can enhance the reputation. As a developing country, China needs this chance to open itself to all over the world. And shanghai, the representative of boomtown, also lean on this opportunity to express itself.
Second, its success can attract more overseas capital for both china and shanghai. China is the biggest country which attracts FDI, and shanghai is the biggest city in china. Through the expo, they all can earn a lot.
Third, the success can make Chinese know more about world.
In the expo, many countries bring their splendid work to china, to shanghai, we Chinese can compare the difference among them, feel the exchange of culture, and make new friends.
In th e eye of china, it successfully “market” shanghai to all over the world through expo, after that, there must be more and more opportunities in the future, then, the following cities maybe Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and so on. It is a real large chance for china.
In the eye of shanghai, it is the biggest city in china now, after this expo, it strengthen the position. It catches up with the developed cities, such as London, Tokyo, New York, Hong Kong and so on.
Every coin has its two sides, china and shanghai benefit a lot from the expo, the other countries also have useful things from the expo and china. The expo really promote the global communication, including economy, politics, culture, and of course, construction. Win-win situation is just we Chinese’s expectation, and we must and be able to achieve this goal, trust china!
The expo 2010 is coming to shanghai, after the Olympics 2008 in Beijing. We must make long plan to the allocation of buildings and infrastructure after the expo.
First, the plan should be based on sustaining development strategy. This is the guide line, and it is our working principle. That is, we must make the most use of constructions, and never allow any waste and abandon.
Second, before the expo, we should have a blue print for the expo constructions. Such as the construction materials, locations, coordination with the circumstances and so on.
1. In the aspect of materials, if we decide this construction would be a department after the expo, that is, it is for permanent goals, we chose the high quality and unchangeable materials. If not, we chose recycling materials, and then we can destroy it at the least cost.
2. In the aspect of locations, we must refer the local conditions. For example, if someplace needs hospital, the expo just has a plan to build one, we can build it there. Another, we can make decision by the density of people, if it is low density, we can build more than the high density places. Then, after the expo, we can change the buildings to apartments. It can attract people to habitant there, for lessening the high density pressure.
3. The aspect of coordination, we must keep touch with the different department, such as transport, hospital, environment and so on, to have a whole plan, for the sake of shanghai, it maybe needs some department make concession in sometimes.
Third, we can use for reference to best practices in developed countries. They must be more professional and experienced, Such as the former expo, Olympics and so on.
In a word, it is wise to make the whole plan before construction. It is too late to consider the long term viability after the expo. And in the process of relocation, we must consider about a lot, such as environment, density, function and so on.
8. Can shanghai ever truly become a financial center rival to HK? If so, when and how?
Shanghai
Basic Information:
Area: 6,185 sq. km
Capital: Shanghai
Population: Approximately 16 Million
Language: Shanghainese, Mandarin local dialect. Outside large hotels, very little English is spoken.
Religion:
If one simply counts heads, Shanghai is the biggest city in the biggest country on Earth. If one simply scans statistics, this is China's capital of commerce, industry, and finance. But numbers don't tell the whole Shanghai story. Shanghai has a colonial past more intense than that of any other city in China, save Hong Kong, and this legacy gives it a dramatic character, visible in the very facades of its buildings. But the city is not only a museum of East meeting West on Chinese soil. Overnight Shanghai has become one of the world's great modern capitals, the one city that best shows what the whole nation is becoming at the dawn of the 21st century. The pulse of Shanghai is the pulse of Asia's future. Shanghai was not always much of a delight to tour, but it is now. During the 1990s, Shanghai was torn apart and rebuilt, headlining the economic boom that shook China to its foundations. One in five of the world's high-lift cranes was at work in the streets of Shanghai then, raising tower after glass-and-steel tower in the ruins. Shanghai resembled the largest construction site ever conceived, and it was not always a pretty sight for tourists. But this first great phase of modern reconstruction has passed, and a new, more vital Shanghai has emerged. It is a city that a visitor can comfortably enjoy and explore for the first time since those romantic days of the 1930s, when old Shanghai was a notorious playground for foreign adventurers and a free-trade show for overseas taipans and exploiters. The landmarks of Shanghai's colonial period shine through for the first time since the communists came to power over 50 years ago and worked their own duller magic on the cityscape.
Today there are large neighborhoods of foreign architecture, wonderful for a stroll, where Europeans, especially the French, once resided. Shanghai's great river of commerce, the Huangpu, a tributary of the mighty Yangzi River, is lined with a gallery of colonial architecture, known as the Bund, grander than any other in the East, much of it recently refurbished and
open to the curious visitor. The mansions, garden estates, country clubs, and cathedrals of the Westerners who made their fortunes here a century ago are scattered throughout the city, and there is even a synagogue, dating from the days of an unparalleled Jewish immigration to China. Shanghai's foreign legacy is epitomized by the Peace Hotel on the Bund, the 1929 creation of a Jewish millionaire, today a masterpiece of Art Deco--a relic of the Jazz Age. These are not the typical monuments of China, but they are typical of Shanghai.
The East has a Western flavor in Shanghai, but at the same time the creations of a strictly Chinese culture have not been erased. A walk through downtown turns up astounding traditional treasures: a teahouse that epitomizes all that was old China; a classical garden as superb as any in Beijing or Suzhou; an "Old Town" as quaint and chaotic as any in China; active temples and ancient pagodas; and a museum of Chinese art and artifacts that is universally acclaimed as China's best. If the pace of new Shanghai rivals that of New York City and its nightlife and its cafes now echo the sophistication of Paris, if the architecture and avenues recall 19th-century Europe rather than old Cathay, this is still a Chinese city to the core.
Shanghai is also a city for shoppers (Nanjing Rd. is the number one shopping street in all of China), but especially it is the place for those who want to see the future of China. Across the mighty Huangpu River, which served as old Shanghai's eastern border, a truly new Shanghai is taking shape. Known as Pudong, this Shanghai East boasts its own modern attractions: the tallest hotel in the world, China's largest stock exchange, and one of the highest observation decks in Asia, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower. Not to be outdone, old Shanghai has its own legions of new skyscrapers, too, and a booming collection of fine international restaurants, several of them taking over the rooftops of the colonial gems lining the Bund and the mansions that had gone to seed in Shanghai's French Quarter.
Incredibly crowded, densely packed, Shanghai is the raw center of China's commerce and industry. It has energy and confidence, and it has new dreams. Its polluted rivers are being cleaned up. Greenways and new parks are emerging. Historic neighborhoods, both Chinese and colonial, are being spared the bulldozer and transformed into avenues of shops and cafes. New theaters and cultural centers are attracting top performers from China and abroad.
Shanghai still has a long way to go to become the New York or the Paris of China. It is not yet as prosperous as Hong Kong (its nearest rival), nor as international. But the raw complexity of Shanghai is its charm. Sipping a cocktail in a new French restaurant positioned high on the rooftops over the Bund, one can look across the river into the future of China, at the burgeoning Manhattan of skyscrapers in Pudong where a decade ago there was nothing but mud flats, rice fields, and village huts. Only in Shanghai are so many worlds, East and West, past and present, this elevated and pinched together, shoulder to shoulder, like a Picasso mural. This is present-day China on a grand scale, where you can breathe in the exhilaration of a new century for Asia.
9. How can employment Market in cities such as Beijing, shanghai, accommodate the increasing number of migrant workers relocating in these cities?
10. Discuss the economy and social impact of old child policy of China. 晚婚晚育政策
11. Can China continue annual digit GDP Growth? Discuss
12. What problems do you foresee in the accounting industry in the next 10 years?
LehmanBrown's outlook on the changing tax landscape in China ... some Frequently Asked Questions
(1) What do you think will be the main changes on China's tax system 5 and 10 years from today?
China's tax law system experienced great changes in 1994. The changes have played an important role in boosting the country's economic development and encouraging foreign investment into China. However, with the dramatic evolvement of China economy over the past ten years, it seems that many tax laws become quickly outdated and do not suit the rapid economic development.
Also, China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) provides a good opportunity to launch such reforms, as China needs to amend or revise many of its existing tax laws which do not currently conform with the requirements of the WTO.
According to Mr. Jin Renqing, Commissioner of the State Administration of Taxation, one of the main tasks for the 10th five-year plan (2001-2005) is to carry out a further reform on the current tax system. The objective of the tax reform is to establish an efficient tax collection and management system. The proposed tax reform shall include the following contents:
Value-added tax reform: The current VAT system is production-oriented and mainly covers imports and sales of movable/tangible goods. There are two aspects of the anticipated VAT reform: changing to consumption-oriented VAT and expanding VAT scope to cover activities originally subject to the business tax.
The government wishes to eliminate double taxation and thereby encourage investments by the shifting to consumption-oriented VAT, as it will allow input of VAT credit on purchase of capital goods.
(2) Do you foresee any changes in tax rates?
With respect to the enterprises income tax, there are presently two sets of laws, one for foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) and foreign enterprises, and one for domestic Chinese enterprises. There are current plans to unify the systems.
The reason for unifying the two tax regimes is: It is one of the WTO membership requirements that China treat foreign enterprises and domestic enterprises equally. Also, such unification will foster a more balanced economic growth. The expected changes include (a reduction of) tax incentives and statutory enterprises income tax rates.
Regarding individual income tax, the ultimate goal for reform in the PRC is to make proper adjustments on the classes of taxable incomes and tax rates, so as to lighten the tax burden on the individuals with lower incomes and to strengthen the regulations on the ones with higher incomes.
Whilst China currently maintains a "progressive" individual income tax system, the high degree of tax avoidance (especially amongst wealthier individuals) and problems with tax collection procedures results in a skewed burden of taxation towards "ordinary level" income earners. The government has recognised this problem and has implemented systems, such as targeting wealthier individuals, so as to more fairly collect taxes.
Another significant change we see may involve the convergence of individual income tax systems for local Chinese citizens and foreigner tax residents. At present there are a number of differences including a higher tax-free threshold and greater allowable scope and levels of tax deductions for 'foreigners' (compared to China-domiciled tax residents). Whilst China has benefited from this system for many years, by way of enticing "foreign experts" into the country, the growing dissatisfaction with these differences, along with political pressures, may result in a convergence. Whether this will be by lifting local-resident tax allowances, or lowering foreigner allowances, we are yet to see.
(3) Do you foresee any new taxes (for example, indirect taxes? capital gains tax? VAT? goods and services tax? customs duty?
Because of the VAT system reform, business tax shall be changed accordingly. In addition, the simultaneous operation of both taxes has led to a number of administrative problems for taxpayers and tax authorities. There still exists many difficulties and problems. The first is the necessity for reducing VAT rates as the difference between the current VAT rates (6, 13, and 17 percent) and the business tax rates (3, 5 and 20 percent) may lead to the increase of consumer prices.
Second, VAT is central government tax while business tax is a main source of tax revenues collected by the local governments. The increasing of the VAT scope will therefore decrease the business tax revenues, which will in turn reduce local government's income. This may create obvious problems with budget allocations and available revenues, especially for large infrastructure cities, such as Beijing.
The government may use consumption tax as a tool to reflect its industrial policy. With the rapid development of China
economy, the proposed reform on consumption tax is on one hand to expand the collection scope and on the other hand to make proper adjustment on existing taxable goods. Some new goods or products which have not been regulated under the current consumption tax regime shall be imposed the consumption tax, while some goods which are already subject to consumption tax may be taken out of the lists of taxable goods.
(4) Do you foresee any existing taxes being abolished?
We do not foresee any existing taxes being abolished. However, there are some scholars suggesting a complete reform of the business tax and to apply VAT to all business taxable activities.
回EMAIL，告诉你的老板（安永的老板）最新的销售数据，并对公司未来在二级城市的扩张计划给予建议，若公司要在二级城市建立OFFICE，什么城市比较适合？
回复email
Alice is going back in 3days,she asks for your information as follows:
How's our new TV Advertisement going
What's your advice for our strategy
What do you think is the best strategy to approach our Brand strategy in China
2.Charts of the 2004 oil company revenue
ExxconM,BP,Shell,Etion...(cannot remember),other （共5个矩形图,标出2004年的收入）
why you think the 4 company's revenue is different
what you think these companies will affect on the oil market
why you think these companies revenue is increasing dramatically from 2004
经理出差要你帮忙完成三件事，然后写EMAIL给他汇报：
大学生求职,培训,找工作,笔试,面试,简历,求职资料,求职大礼包A，处理一些关于接待ambassador的，你对现已形成的计划有什么看法（别忘了写收件人）
2，关于Annual Traffic Death的柱状图写report，写三方面内容:
A ,为什么你认为各个国家间存在差异？大学生求职,培训,找工作,笔试,面试,简历,求职资料,求
B，如果假设美国司机仅仅是在边际安全感上优于中国司机，why or why not?
C, increase of car ownership 对此图的影响
1、为什么滨海新区可以发展起来？
2、为什么需要新的经济技术开发区（除了深圳和上海现有的之外）
写一封信，我觉得最重要的是要注意条理清楚，点不能乱，商务回信,有必要看看商务英语写信的格式的，涉及三个内容：
1）描述一个inefficient procedure；
2）建议upgrade老设备；
3）希望办公室禁烟。
我觉得实习真是给我提供了不少素材，想起当初成天在文件堆里刨资料，我就盼着等全计算机化了我就按一个ctrl-f 就全搞定了，又快又可靠多好啊。又想起当初Vivian老和her laptop较劲，我就想要是升一下级多好啊。再想起当初在消防通道里被全楼的烟民薰得头晕脑胀，就更是痛陈办公室吸烟的危害性。最后还不忘强调一下“People First”啊“Quality in everything we do”啊这样的标志性话语。大学生
给manager写一封信（150-200字，35分）
1）5H,x%{7k5i"t+H9R%F大学生求职,培训,找工作,笔试,面试,简历,求职资料,求职大礼包tell her the managerial expense account procedure
1[5V#e%R'y"{(z1I,P2V(N大学生求职,培训,找工作,笔试,面试,简历,求职资料,求职大礼包2）inquire he why most manager are over budget on expense
3）your suggestion on minimizing the managerial expenditure
write a letter to your manager, including three things:
a. the sales forecast of the next month
b. the budget increase of cover training (maybe...)
c. a suggestion about the new accounting procedure
写一封信给你的manager, 三个内容：
1. Arrangement of a meeting;
2. The reason why you are late for the conference;
3. report the progress of your project.
（150-200words 35分）
写信给经理说三件事情－报销手续改变，询问为什么大多数经理费用超过预算，提出你的建议
1）中国gdp增长很快，常常成为报章头条，但是这些statistics的可靠性如何？
2) Will china's property boom continue
3) Adavantages and disadvantages of investment in west region of china
4) The effect of dievalue of RMB
5) SARS对中国经济几乎没有什么影响.如果冬天SARS再度来临,是否还是这样?
6) 近10年来中国社会有什么变化?
7) 西部开发正在迅速的进行中，你认为需要首先完成的三件事是什么？为什么？
8) 谈谈你对中国和北美文化之间差异的认识，你觉得这种差异是在扩大还是
缩小，为什么？
1.写一封信给SHALLY，包括以下几点内容：
一，ANNUAL DINNER的安排情况，细节。
二，能不能促进员工间的COMMUNICATION？
三，今年的EVENT和去年有什么不同？
Dear Shally,
I 'm glad to tell you the annual dinner impressed everyone greatly .XXX was invited as the preside of our annual activity and he's really humorous. At the annual dinner ,all young colleagues were in a same table ,at first ,we drunk beer, but a few minutes later ,the colleagues who come from north China felt it is better to use white wine instead of beer .
We then laughed and talked to each other and it's really a good way for communication, because after a year's hard working, it’s a great opportunity for us to relax, to share the experience and to make our future plans.
The annual dinner this year is different from last year's –the delicious food ,red and white wine, we were singing and dancing together ,everyone is the super star that night, we don't need to wear formally like the working days and we all enjoyed the dinner very much.
Best wishes!
Sincerely yours,
XXX
1.写一封信给你的manager, 三个内容：1. Arrangement of a meeting;
2. The reason
why you are late for the conference; 3. Report the progre
三、Report：图示题（考专业知识、某些行业数值的增长和趋势表述）
图表作文：观察图表的主题、意义，找差距——太细微的可以略掉（文中大致提及就可），差距大的应做详细阐述。
结合题目要求以及差距找出原因，进行分析。要求：条理清晰，有理有据，观点鲜明，不人云亦云。
给出一定的解决方案。不一定很个性，但要practical。
结尾可以给出自己的良好祝愿。