8法妙解第一篇第五章动词概说已解密20101105)
第五章 动词概说
动词种类速记歌诀
英语动词分四种, 行为连系助动情三
动作状态为行动, 充当谓语有作用三
连系动词有词义, 不能独立作谓语,
须与表语在一起, 常用look,become&be三
助动词来无词义, 不能独立作谓语,
时态二疑问和否定, do,be,will最常用三
情态动词must,can,may,表示语气和情态三
人称与数无变化, 动词原形跟着它三
一二就下列各题画线部分的词性作出选择三
1.They all look fine today.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
2.How do you do?
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
3.We all must be strict in our work.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
4.We love our country.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
5.What are you going to do this Sunday?
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词6.Will you please open the door?
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
7.He did his homework yesterday.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
8.He can speak a little Japanese.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
9.My father and mother are teachers.
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
10.May I come in?
A.行为动词
B.连系动词
C.助动词
D.情态动词
二二给下列各题选择一个正确答案三1. Dinner is ready.Help yourself! Wow!It delicious.Could you please tell me how to cook it?
A.tastes
B.looks
C.sounds
D.feels
(2007四重庆卷) 2.The food in that restaurant delicious,but it tastes bad.
A.looks
B.feels
C.becomes
D.gets
(2007四沈阳卷) 3. I got up late this morning,so I the early bus.
What a pity!
A.caught
B.failed
C.missed
D.took
(2007四徐州卷) 4. It looks like a television.Do you
think so?
Yes,I .
A.understand
B.know
C.mean
D.agree
(2007四江西卷) 5. Why don’t you take the T?shirt,
Linda?
I have only＄10.I can’t it.
A.borrow
B.afford
C.sell
D.bring
(2007四威海卷) 6.Mrs Liu is kind and always her help to others.
A.shares
B.receives
C.makes
D.offers
(2007四天津卷)7. Where is your dictionary,Yu Mei? Oh,I it to Amy yesterday. She’ll return it tomorrow.
A.showed
B.lent
C.gave
D.borrowed
(2007四辽宁卷) 8. Well,let’s go to visit the amusement
park this Saturday.
That great.
A.feels
B.looks
C.sounds
(2006四成都卷) 9.She beautiful in her new dress.
A.smells
B.looks
C.sounds
D.sees
(2006四重庆新课标卷) 10.It’s a good habit breakfast every day.
A.had
B.have
C.has
D.to have
(2006四陕西卷) 11.These apples well because they nice.
A.are sold;look
B.sell;look
C.sell;are looked
D.are sold;are
(2006四孝感卷) 12. When can you finish your home?
work?
It will me about half an
hour.
A.spend
B.take
C.pay
D.bring
(2006四宜昌卷)
三二根据句意,用括号内所给动词的正确形式完成句子三
1.Liu Ying (change)a lot since she entered Harvard University.
2.NO SMOKING should (see)in the stores even in many parts of the city.
3. Mr Brown likes children very much,doesn’t he? Yes,that’s true.He (write)a children’s book these days.
4.Now the pretty woman can’t decide which pair of pants (choose).Because they both look good on her.
5. I haven’t seen my grandma for a long time. I’m looking forward to (visit)her a lot.
(2006·兰州卷)
Key:一二1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D
二二1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B
三二1.has changed 2.be seen 3.is writing 4.to choose 5.visiting
be 动词用法口诀
同学们在作业中,有时会出现这样的句子, You is...”或 He are...”三出现这类错误的原因是没弄清be 的各种变化与主语人称的一致性三下面这首歌诀可以帮助我们彻底弄清be 的各种形式及用法三
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is 连着他(he)二她(she)二它(it)三单数名词用is,复数名词全用are三变问句,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃三变否定,更容易,be 后not 莫忘记三疑问二否定随你变,句首大写也关键
三
I am a student.
He is a worker.
Your letter is in the office.They are from Shanghai.He is not a good worker.
You are a student,too.It is nine o’clock.
These are not our dictionaries.Are you a doctor?
用be 的适当形式填空三
1.My name
Wei Fang.I a student.My
father
a doctor.2.How old
Li Ying?She
only five years old.Li Ying and he
brother and sister.
3.We
middle?school students.They
students,too. 4. you in Grade Three?No,I
not.He
in Grade
Three.
5.Those chairs
orange.6.Li Lei
my friend.
7.Mike and Kate
at home.
8.You and I
in Row Two.
Key:1.is;am;is 2.is;is;are 3.are;are 4.Are;am,is 5.are 6.is 7.are
8.are
动词do 的用法歌诀
实动表 做”二 干”, 现在时态看 单三”三简略答语可用do, 代替 上述”免重复三Don’t do sth.构否定, Do sb.do 疑问型
三
do 作为实义动词表 做”二 干”的意思,在一般现在时态的句子中,如果主语是
第三人称单数,那么谓语动词要用单三式does三如:
I do this work.He does that one.do 作为实义动词,在简略答语中出现,能代替上述句子中出现过的动词和其他
成分三避免重复,使语言精练三如:
Do you have a new bike? Yes,I do.
Does she go to work every day? Yes,she does.
do 作为助动词加not ,可以放在行为动词原形前,使此句变为否定句三如:We don’t watch TV.They don’t watch TV,either.陈述句前加 do”,其谓语动词用原形,那么这个句子就成为一般疑问句三如:
Do you speak English?Do you leave school now?
给下列各题选出一个最佳答案三
1. What your English teacher
look like?
She is quite slim.
A.do
B.is
C.does
D.was
(2007·扬州卷) 2. he read newspapers every day?
A.Did
B.Do
C.Doing
D.Does
3.I write a letter to my father yesterday.
A.doesn’t
B.didn’t
C.not does
D.not did
4.Yesterday morning I post the letter.
A.did
B.do
C.does
D.to do
5. Have you washed your clothes yet? No,I haven’t,but I’ll .
A.try
B.do
C.wash
D.have
6. He didn’t come,did he?
.
A.No,he did
B.Yes,he didn’t
C.Yes,he did
D.No,he doesn’t
7. The students study very hard.
Yes,they .
A.must
B.must do
C.must do so
D.must do that
8.He speaks English as well as he Chinese.
A.speak
B.does
C.do
D.did
9.He believed,as all his family,that the king was their master.
A.do
B.does
C.did
D.to do
10.She is a fine singer,as her mother .
https://www.360docs.net/doc/383850559.html,ed to
https://www.360docs.net/doc/383850559.html,ed to be
https://www.360docs.net/doc/383850559.html,ed to do
https://www.360docs.net/doc/383850559.html,ed do
11.The situation here is beginning to look more like it three years ago.
A.does
B.is
C.did
D.was
Key:1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.C
动词have的用法口诀
动词have表示 有”,位置就在主语后三
三单”主语用has, 其他人称用have三
一般疑问容易变, have,has提句首,
否定句子更不难, not放在它后面三have不作 有”译时,疑问does,do打头,
否定句子怎么办, 先do,does后not三
根据汉语提示,填入含有have的短语,
注意时态二人称和数的变化三
1.I (不得不)look after him at home yesterday.
2.She (产下婴儿)last week.
3.Would you like (喝点东西)?
4.We (开会)every week.
5.Will you (举办聚会)?
6.You’d better (休息一会
儿).
7.I like to (游泳).
8.We (上课)from Monday to Saturday.
9.He (不知道).10.They (玩得高兴)in the zoo yesterday.
11.Let me (看一看)at the picture.
12.What time do you usually (吃午饭)?
13.We’ll (举行一场足球赛) next week.
14.I’ll (把钢笔要回来).
15.We (吃三顿饭)every day.
16.Will you (喝一杯水)?
Key:1.had to 2.had a baby 3.to have a drink 4.have a meeting 5.have a party 6.have a rest 7.have a swim 8.have classes 9.has no idea 10.had a good time 11.have a look 12.have lunch 13.have a football match 14.have my pen back 15.have three meals 16.have a glass of water
在”字牌钥匙可真灵
英语初学者在做 有”的翻译练习时,常因难以确定是用there is (are)还是用have(has)而感到苦恼三下面向你介绍一个小窍门三在做 有”的翻译练习时,如在中文前加个 在”字,句子仍然通顺,就用there is(are);反之,则应用have(has)三如: (在)我屋里有台电视机三(通顺)
There is a TV set in my room.
(在)我有台电视机三(不通顺)
I have a TV set.
根据中文,选择正确译文三
1.汤姆有只手表三
A.Tom has a watch.
B.Tom have a watch.
C.There is a watch Tom.
D.Tom has watch.2.桌上有本书三
A.The desk has a book.
B.The desk there is a book.
C.There is a book on the desk.
D.On the desk there is book.
Key:1.A 2.C
巧断用please还是用ask?
汉语的 请”在英语中,有时用please,有时用ask三因此在汉译英时,不少同学往往不知何时应用please,何时应用ask三这里介绍两种简便有效的方法,能帮助你正确判别使用三
方法一:看汉语句子,若去掉 请”字,句意不变,那 请”字只是客套语,用please;若去掉 请”字,句意发生变化,则须用ask三如:
①(请)把门打开三Please open the door.
②(请)他打开门三Ask him to open the door.
方法二:看汉语句子,若 请”字之后是动词,用please;若 请”字之后是名词或代词,则用ask,即:ask sb.to do sth.如:
1请唱(动词)支歌三Please sing a song.
2请李雷(名词)唱支歌三Ask Li Lei to sing a song.
一二请用上述两种方法试译下列句子三
1.请坐三
2.请她坐下三
3.请看黑板三
4.请他给我打个电话三二二下列各句均含有一个 请”字,请根据意思译出,填在横线上三
1.请你参加我们的晚会三You’re
to join us in the
evening party.
2.那天我不得不请假三I had to leave that day.
3.请随便吃糕点吧三 yourselves to the cakes.
4.谢谢你邀请我们作客三Thank you for us.
5.我们得去请张丽顶替了三We’ll have to
Zhang Li
instead.6.请给我打电话三
give me a ring!
Key:一二1.Please sit down. 2.Ask her to sit down.
3.Please look at the blackboard.
4.Ask him to telephone me.
二二1.asked /invited 2.ask for 3.Help 4.inviting 5.ask 6.Please
巧记带双宾语的动词
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前三必须在变换时加 to”或 for”三这两个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好三
七给”一 带”to 不少, 买” 画” 制作”for 来了三
七给”(give,pass,lend,write,show,send,hand)和 带”(bring)8个及物动词,
在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上 to”三即:
vt .+sth.+to +sb.”
buy”(买), draw”(画), make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加 for”,构成:
vt .+sth.+for +sb.”
(参见 双宾语换位规律浅说”一文)
从括号中选择合适的介词三
1.I can return the books(to/for)the li?brary tomorrow.
2.Will you please fetch some chalk(to/ for)me?
3.The mother made a pair of trousers(to/ for)her son.
4.I’ll send it(to/for)you the day after to?morrow.
5.You’d better hand it direct(to/for)us.
6.I’ve ordered it(to/for)you.
7.She is going to sing some songs(to/ for)us.
8.Please bring the letter(to/for)me.
9.Aunt bought a dictionary(to/for)my brother.
10.It is(to/for)you that he painted the picture.11.Please call a taxi(to/for)Mrs Smith.
12.He explained every doubt(to/for) me.
13.I found an interesting story(to/for) my little sister.
14.We left some food there(to/for)me.
15.Lei Feng set good examples(to/for) us young people.
16.Bob picked apples(to/for)us.
17.The teacher thought she herself must be responsible(to/for)the children.
18.The little match girl was hungry(to/ for)the roast goose.
19.Mother cooked a good meal(to/for) Kate.
20.We’ll extend the warmest welcome (to/for)you.
Key:1.to 2.for 3.for 4.to 5.to 6.for 7.for 8.to 9.for 10.for 11.for 12.to 13.for 14.for 15.to 16.for 17.to 18.for 19.for 20.to
使用 动介词组”和 动副词组”所应注意的
在英语中,双词动词分为两类:一类是 动介型”双词动词词组,是由一个动词和一个介词组成的,例如:look after,look at等三另一类是 动副型”双词动词词组,是由一个动词和一个副词组成的,例如:put on,turn on,think over,pick up等三它们在用法上有些不同,在使用时应注意区别三
一二动介词组中的介词一般没有语句重音,动副词组中的副词可以有语句重音三如:
She is looking after the children.
He took his cap and put it on.
二二动介词组的宾语,无论是名词还是代词都位于该介词之后三
如:
Please look at this picture.
They are searching for the thief.
动副词组的宾语,如果是名词,位于该副词的前后皆可;如果是代词,则位于该副词之前三如:
He put on his cap(his cap on)and went out.
If you don’t know the word,you can look it up(不可以说look up it) in the dictionary.
三二动介词组中的动词和介词中间可以插入其他副词,动副词组中的动词和副词中间不能插入其他副词三如:
She looked carefully at the map.
He quickly put on his coat.(或:He put on his coat quickly.)
四二动介词组一定要带宾语;动副词组有的带宾语,有的不带宾语(不带宾语时相当于不及物动词)三如:
I’ll call for you at six.(
He took out the wire to the starter.(动副词组)
We get up early in the morning.(动副词组)
五二在特殊疑问句中,动介词组中的介词既可在动词之后也可在句首的疑问词前;动副词组中的副词只能跟在动词之后三如: Who is she talking to?(=To whom is she talking?)
What did she put on?
六二在定语从句中,动介词组中的介词可以放在动词之后,也可以置于关系代词之前;而动副词组中的副词只能放在动词之后三如: The man(whom)they talked about is an American.(=man about whom they talked is an American.)
The pen(which/that)he took out was a blue one.
给下列各题选出一个最佳答案三
1. Would you please the TV
a little?Jack is doing his homework. Terribly sorry.I will.A.turn down B.turn up C.turn on D.turn off
(2007·杭州卷)
2.Tina, your books and get ready for dinner.
A.put away
B.throw away
C.put down
(2007四佛山市) 3. Tom,it’s cold outside. your coat when you go out.
OK,Mom.
A.Take off
B.Take away
C.Put away
D.Put on
(2007四安徽卷) 4. James,your socks are on the chair.
Please .
OK,Mum.
A.put it away
B.put away it
C.put them away
D.put away them
(2006四黄冈卷) 5. Drugs(毒品)have done great harm
to some people and their families.
I quite agree with you,so we should
them.
A.keep away from
B.shut down
C.get on with
D.put off
(2006四宜昌卷) 6.Sam is only nine,but he can his sick mother very well.
A.look after
B.look at
C.look for
D.look out
(2006四重庆新课标卷) 7.Smoking is bad for your health.You’d better .
A.give up it
B.give it up
C.take out it
D.take it out
(2006四重庆卷)
Key:1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B
A Big Set(一大套) 需要否定转移的动词
I think he’ll be back in an hour.我想他一小时后就会回来三这是一个肯定的陈述句三那么如何翻译 我想一小时后他不会回来三”这个句子呢?同学们很可能把它译成 I think he won’t be back in an hour.”三其实,这种翻译是不符合英语表达习惯的三正确的句子应是:I don’t think he will be back in an hour.
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,当主句的谓语动词是assume(假定), believe(相信),imagine(想象),guess(猜谜),suppose(假如),expect(期待),think(认为)等词时,若其后用作宾语的that从句带有否定意义,通常应将否定词移至主句三英语中把这种情况叫做否定的转移三如:
I don’t believe he knows it.我认为他不知道这件事三
I don’t suppose he’ll come to the party.我猜他不会来参加宴会三
为了便于同学们记住这七个动词,我们取它们的首字母组成一个词组A Big Set(一大套)三同学们看着这个词组,联想回忆那七个词三
这样不仅记得快,而且记得牢三
由以上动词引导的宾语从句,附加问句的主语要与从句的主语一致三不管主句用肯定还是用否定,附加问句一律用肯定形式三如:
I suppose that he is not honest,is he?
I don’t expect he’s coming,is he?
若以上动词的主语是二二三人称时,附加问句的主语就要与主句的主语一致了,且主句肯定问句否定,主句否定问句肯定三如:
He thinks I can work out the problem,doesn’t he?
You think he could solve the problem,don’t you?
将下列汉语译成英语三
1.我想不会下雨三
2.他相信他们没有错三
3.她料想我们那天不会来三
4.我想她不会爱他三
5.我想明天不会考试三
6.我没料到他竟然病得这样严重三
7.她想他不会向她求婚(offer his hand to her)三
Key:1.I don’t think that it is going to rain.
2.He don’t believe that they are wrong.
3.She didn’t suppose that we would come here.
4.I don’t think she will love him.
5.I don’t think that we will have an examination tomorrow.
6.I didn’t expect that he had been ill so seriously.
7.She doesn’t think that he will offer his hand to her.