双播培训材料
一、故事小说朗读Tales
无论朗读什么体裁的作品，都要作好以下五项准备工作：（1）查清生词以及那些自己觉得把握不太大的单词的发音。注意：有些单词是不能“望文生义”的。（2）理解全文，划分意群。只有对全文的意思有了准确的理解，才能准确地划分意群。可以说，英汉意群划分大同小异，理解了以后，按汉语去划分意群不会有大出入。划分意群是为了更好地处理朗读中的停顿。（3）在各意群之内找出该省读、连读、同化和特殊爆破的地方（初学者可以用铅笔标注一下），重点练习。（4）找出需要特别强调的逻辑重音或情感重音，重点练习。（5）找出需要使用升调的句子，重点练习。
朗读故事小说时的注意事项：（1）熟读作品，明确主题；（2）表现人物，绘声绘色；（3）快慢起伏，切忌平直。以故事《智慧老人》为例，它告诉我们一个看似简单但却寓意深刻的故事，揭示“命运掌握在你手中”这一生活哲理。朗读的语气宜严肃不宜轻松。在表现两姐妹时，要突出她们聪明、好奇、好胜、调皮的特点，吐字清脆利落一点。在表现老人的睿智和深谋时，语气要突出老人的沉稳、胸有成竹和语重心长。
The Wise Old Man
There was once a widower who had two bright, young daughters who were so curious about everything that they kept asking questions. Questions, questions, questions. And though their father was able to answer some of their questions, there were many that he just couldn’t answer. And he began to feel that they needed someone who could. So he decided to send them to live with the wise old man who lived on the hill, which was what they did in those days.
So off went the two girls to live with the wise old man who lived on the hill. And they continued to ask questions. Questions, questions, questions. But unlike their father, the wise old man always had an answer. He could answer every single question they asked.
At first, this was delightful. But as time went by, the girls began to find it a little irritating that, no matter what they asked, the old man always had an answer. And as time went by some more, they began to find it very irritating. So they began to search for ways to catch him out.
One day, the elder sister ran up to her younger sister with a beautiful, bright blue butterfly in her hands. I’ve got this great idea, she said. I’ve just found this butterfly, and I thought I’d hide it in my hands and go and ask the old man whether it’s alive or dead. If he says it’s dead, I’ll open my hands and let it fly out. If he says it’s alive, I’ll give a quick, hard squeeze and open my hands and say: Wrong, it’s dead! So whatever he says, he can’t win. “Brilliant!” said her sister, and off they went to find the wise old man.
Eventually they found him, sitting on a rock under a big tree. The girls rushed up. “Oh wise old man,” said the sister with the butterfly, “I’ve got this butterfly in my hands, and I want you to tell me if it’s alive or dead.”
The wise old man looked at the two sisters for a moment and thought. Then he smiled. “My dears,” he said, “the butterfly is in your hands.”
智慧老人
从前，有一个男人，妻子去世了，他一个人抚养着两个女儿。两个女儿年纪不大却很聪明，她们对什么事请都感到好奇，整天地问各种各样的问题。她们的父亲能够回
答出她们提出的一部分问题，但有很多问题是他回答不出来的。于是他想，该给她们找一个能回答出她们的问题的人才是。所以他决定让两个女儿去跟一位住在山上的智慧老人一起生活。这种做法在当时是很常见的。
于是，两个姑娘就去跟住在山上的智慧老人一起生活了。到那儿以后她俩还是老样子，整天地问各种各样的问题，问这问那，问个不停。但智慧老人可不同于她们的父亲，无论她们问什么样的问题，智慧老人总能给她们回答出来。
起初，这使她们感到很开心，可是过了一段时间，她们开始觉得有点恼火了：怎么那老人什么问题都能回答出来？又过了一段时间，她们觉得有些受不了啦，于是就开始想方设法来难倒他。
一天，姐姐双手捂着一只漂亮的蓝色蝴蝶来到妹妹跟前，她说：“我有一个极好的主意。我找到了这只蝴蝶，我想把它捂在手中，去找老人，让他回答这只蝴蝶是活的还是死的。如果他说是死的，我就打开双手，告诉他：‘错了，蝴蝶是死的。’这样一来，他怎么回答都不可能是正确地。”“太好了！”她的妹妹说。接着两姐妹就去找智慧老人去了。
最后，她们在一棵大树下找到了老人。老人正坐在一块岩石上。两个姑娘跑上前去，姐姐说：“智慧老人，我手中有一只蝴蝶，我想让你回答它是活的还是死的。”
智慧老人看了看两位姑娘，沉思起来。不一会儿，他笑着对她们说：“我亲爱的姑娘，这只蝴蝶是在你手中呀。（它的命运完全掌握在你手中呀！）”
二、散文小品朗读Essay
散文是相对韵文诗词而言的一种常见的文学体裁，其基本特征是：选材、结构和表现手法灵活多样；篇幅一般不长；不必有完整的故事情节；文字不受韵律的制约。散文贵“散”，无固定模式，往往是以轻松、自然的笔调将抒情、叙事和议论融为一体，以生动、简洁给读者以启迪和美感。小品文则是散文的一种形式，其特征是：形式活泼，篇幅短小，内容多样化。
一般来说，朗读散文、小品文时，语音语调不宜太激烈、夸张。在朗读《三种激情》等小品文时，应注意语气轻松、节奏适中，给听者一种友好、平易近人、随和以及坦诚之感。切忌在朗读散文、小品文时使用过分激昂、带有居高临下色彩的语气。
Three Passions
——by Bertrand Russell: Autobiography Three passions, simple but overwhelming strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course ,over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy----ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness-----that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it,
finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I can’t, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.
三种激情
三种激情，纯朴却又势不可挡，已经主宰了我的生活：渴望爱情，探求知识，对于人类的困难怀着承受不了的怜悯。这些激情，犹如狂风，吹得我忽东忽西，来去不定，越过痛楚的深渊大海，濒于绝望的边缘。
我追求爱情，首先是因为它带来狂喜——莫大的狂喜，为了得到一时的这种喜悦，我往往会牺牲生活中其他的一切。我追求爱情，其次是因为它消除寂寞——那种可怕地寂寞，陷入其中，令人战栗的一时便在世界的边缘之上洞见到冷漠无底死气沉沉的深渊。我追求爱情，最终是因为在爱情的结合之中，在神秘的缩影中，我看见了圣贤和诗人想象的天堂的预示性的景象。这就是我过去的追求所在，虽然这或许看来过于美好，超出了人生，这就是我所——终于——发现的。
怀着同样的激情我追求知识。我希望芸芸众生的心灵。我希望知识星星为什么闪耀。我也立秋领悟毕达哥拉斯的力量，即流变之上数支配一切。这方面小有所成，不过不算太大，我已经有所建树。
爱情和知识，在可能的情况下，引人向上通往天堂。但是怜悯总是把我带回尘世。痛苦的哭泣声在我的内心回荡不已。饥饿的儿童，遭受压迫者折磨的牺牲品，成为子女可恶负担的孤老，充满孤独、贫困、痛苦的天下构成了对人生应有面貌的嘲讽。我渴望消除邪恶，可是我无能为力，我也在承受痛苦。
这就是我的生活。我发现值得生活下去，倘若有幸，我乐意再活一世。
三、公共演讲朗读Address
就讲话的方式而言，公共演讲分为四大类：（1）讲稿背诵，即演讲时不看稿子，事先准备好的文稿全部背了下来；（2）按提纲发言，即演讲时偶尔看一看事先准备好的
发言提纲，大部分时间是根据提纲现场发挥；（3）讲稿朗读，这是在比较正式、庄重的场合中常用的一种演讲形式；（4）即兴演讲，即在毫无准备或基本没有准备的情况下突然被邀而发表的演说。
公共演讲朗读虽然与故事、散文、诗歌、新闻不同，但却与其有着诸多共同之处，如，演讲朗读必须像专题讲座朗读那样表现出讲话人的自信心，似乎是告诉听众：“如果我没有对你们来说很有价值的东西讲，我就不会站在这儿浪费你们的时间。”演讲朗读这还必须有故事朗读者善于制造“悬念”的本领，紧紧抓住听众的注意力。这就要求朗读者控制好音量和节奏，在微妙的地方放慢语速，压低嗓门，在紧张、激动的地方加快语速，提高嗓门。演讲朗读者还应像散文、诗歌朗读者那样善于抒发情感；同时又要具备广播员的克制能力，给听众以稳重、公正、豁达之感。
Abridged Edition of Bush’s Farewell Address Fellow citizens: For eight years, it has been my honor to serve as your President. The first decade of this new century has been a period of consequence — a time set apart. Tonight, with a thankful heart, I have asked for a final opportunity to share some thoughts on the journey that we have traveled together, and the future of our nation.
Five days from now, the world will witness the vitality of American democracy. In a tradition dating back to our founding, the presidency will pass to a successor chosen by you, the American people. Standing on the steps of the Capitol will be a man whose history reflects the enduring promise of our land. This is a moment of hope and pride for our whole nation. And I join all Americans in offering best wishes to president-elect Obama, his wife Michelle, and their two beautiful girls.
Over the past seven years, a new Department of Homeland Security has been created. The military, the intelligence community, and the FBI have been transformed. Our nation is equipped with new tools to monitor the terrorists’ movements, freeze their finances, and break up their plots. And with strong allies at our side, we have taken the fight to the terrorists and those who support them.
For eight years, we’ve also strived to expand opportunity and hope here at home. Across our country, students are rising to meet higher standards in public schools. A new Medicare prescription drug benefit is bringing peace of mind to seniors and the disabled. Every taxpayer pays lower income taxes. The addicted and suffering are finding new hope through faith-based programs. Vulnerable human life is better protected. Funding for our veterans has nearly doubled. America’s air and water and lands are measurably cleaner. And the federal bench includes wise new members like Justice Sam Alito and Chief Justice John Roberts.
President Thomas Jefferson once wrote, “I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past.” As I leave the house he occupied two centuries ago, I share that optimism. America is a young country, full of vitality, constantly growing and renewing itself. And even in the toughest times, we lift our eyes to the broad horizon ahead.
I have confidence in the promise of America because I know the character of our people. This is a nation that inspires immigrants to risk everything for the dream of freedom. This is a nation where citizens show calm in times of danger, and compassion in the face of suffering. We see examples of America’s character all around us. And Laura and I have invited some of them to join us in the White House this evening.
四、新闻报道朗读News Report
新闻报道朗读的一般原则，即广播员应尽量表现得客观、公正、真实和稳重。但这只是相对而言，要绝对要求广播员不带任何感情或态度，对任何稿件统统采用同样地语音语调朗读是不可能的。实际上，在朗读需要表明一定态度、立场或情感的稿件时，语气语调还必须表现出一定的倾向性。如，朗读谴责“北约”侵犯我国主权的稿件时，语气应表现出愤慨、义正词严、警告等色彩；在朗读举国悲痛的新闻时，语气理应是悲痛的、深情的；而在朗读举国欢庆的新闻时，语气当然是兴奋的、快乐的。尽管如此，广播员毕竟不是演员，无论如何不能太“进入角色”，太“忘我”。悲也罢，喜也罢，愤也罢，都得有一定的克制。
News Item 1：Spy Charges Unproven: Clinton
WASHINTON: President Bill Clinton has resisted pressure to condemn the mainland for allegedly stealing US nuclear secrets and doggedly defended his administration’s policy of engagement.
In his first press conference in nearly a year, Mr. Clinton said the allegations against the Chinese, which Beijing has vehemently denied, remained unproven.
Mr. Clinton said, “It is may understanding that the investigation has not yet determined for sure that espionage occurred.”
Though he described US-China relations as “inherently frustrating”, he made a strong case for their development and said he was looking forward to the visit next month of Premier Zhu Rongji.
He said, “I believe the course I have followed with China is the one that’s best for America, disagreeing where we have serious disagreements, pursuing our common interests where I thought it was in the interest of the United States.”
The president also dismissed allegations that he suppressed information about the reported theft to shore up his own political fortunes.
He said, “I can say categorically that it never crossed my mind that I should not disclose some inquiry being undertaken by the US government for reasons of commercial of other gain. That is not true.”
When asked if any further spying had occurred at US nuclear laboratories since he took office in January 1993, Mr. Clinton replied: “No one has reported to me that they suspect such a thing has occurred.”
华盛顿：克林顿总统抵住压力，拒不对中国大陆所谓窃取美国核武器机密而进行谴责。他坚持认为自己的执政政策是正确的。
在近一年来首次举行的记者招待会上，克林顿说，北京一直强烈否认美国对华人的指控，他说那些指控至今尚无证据。克林顿说：“据我所知，到目前为止，调查尚未证实间谍活动曾经发生过。”
虽然克林顿承认美中关系中确存在着本质性的棘手问题，但他极力强调发展美中关系的重要性，并热切期待着朱镕基总理下个月的到访。他说：“我相信，我所执行的对华政策是对美国最有利的政策，我们承认双方分歧，追求共同利益，这符合美国的利益。”
克林顿总统还否认了有关他扣压核技术失窃报告以挽救他危在旦夕的政治地位的
指控，他说：“我可以明确地告诉大家，我从来没有写道要为商业或其他的利益而不公布政府正在调查的事情。有人如此指控问我是毫无根据的。”
记者问，自从他1993年1月就任总统以来，美国核技术实验室还有没有发生过别的间谍活动？克林顿说：“没有人向我报告说他们怀疑有此类事情发生。”
News Item 2
South Korea has announced plans for new military exercises on an island near the coast of North Korea. Military officials say the exercises will take place some time between Saturday and Tuesday. They said troops will fire weapons during the exercise just as they did when a North Korean artillery attacked the island last month. Two soldiers and two civilians were killed when North Korea shelled Yeonpyeong Island on November 23rd. That day, South Korea was firing in the direction from the North Korean mainland into waters claimed by both countries. Also Thursday, American official Bill Richardson left China on the trip to Pyongyang. Governor Richardson told reporters he hopes to ease tensions resulting from the shelling of Yeonpyeong.
News Item 3
China's official Xinhua news agency says twenty seven fishermen are missing after their boat sank it the South China Sea. The boat called the Phu Tan reportedly was registered in Vietnam. Officials told the news agency it sank near the southern Chinese province of Hainan because of strong winds. The Chinese official told Xinhua that a rescue boat was sent to the area. However, rescue efforts were slowed because of wind speeds of up to ninety kilometers an hour.
五、诗文歌词朗读Poem
朗读诗歌时，应记住：自己就是诗人，朗读就是直接抒发自己的情感。朗读时情绪要饱满，感情要细腻，语调语气要真切。凡是好诗，一定要有激情，但不同的诗人表达激情的方式各不相同，思想内容也绝没有相同的，因此，朗读者要善于揣摩诗中独特的感情色彩。如罗塞蒂的短诗“When I am dead”表现的是一种平静、安详和超然，朗读时声音要轻柔，既不悲伤又不激昂，把诗人平静、安详和超然的心态表现出来。在朗读李白的《静夜思》时，应把节奏放慢一些，一是表现诗人惆怅的心绪，二是表现月夜的宁静，三是表现古代缓慢的生活节奏。
On a Quiet Night
In front of my bed the moonlight was so bright.
For a while I thought it was frost on the ground.
Looking up, I gazed at the silvery moon,
Looking down, I thought of my hometown.
静夜思
床前明月光，
疑是地上霜。
举头望明月，
低头思故乡。
When I Am Dead
——by Christina Rossetti When I am dead, my dearest,
Sing no sad songs for me;
Plant thou no roses at my head,
Nor shady cypress tree:
Be the green grass above me
With showers and dewdrops wet,
And if thou wilt, forget.
I shall not see the shadows,
I shall not feel the rain;
I shall not hear the nightgale
Sing on as if in pain;
And dreaming through the twilight
That doth not rise nor set,
Haply I may remember,
And haply may forget.
在我死后
亲爱的，在我死后，
不要为我唱哀歌；
不要为我种玫瑰，
不要为我栽翠柏。
让青草覆盖在我身上，
让雨露洒落在我身上，
你完全可以把我遗忘。
我将不再看到阴影，
我将不再感到风雨；
我将不再听到夜莺，
那如泣如诉的歌声。
梦入黄昏路漫漫，
黄昏伴我永不散。
也许，我还记得，
也许，我已忘却。