动词时态与语态
动词时态与语态
一、动词时态
（一）一般现在时：do/does/am/is/are
1、一般现在时表示现在经常发生或习惯性的行为或状态，常与usually, always, every day, twice a week, seldom, sometimes等时间状语连用。
He always sleeps with the windows open.他总是开着窗子睡觉。
2、一般现在时表示主语的性格、特征、能力等。He works hard .他工作很努力
3、一般现在时表示客观事实或普遍真理，也用在格言中。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
4、在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中表将来的动作
在由when, if, after, before, as, as soon as, the minute, the next time, in case, though, till, until, unless, so long as, where, whatever, whenever等引导的状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，但应注意，主句的谓语动词必须用一般将来时。
The volleyball match will be put off if it rains. 如果下雨，排球赛将推迟
5、表示安排或计划好的将来动作，通常限于表示"运动"的动词，如：go, come, leave, start The train starts at 10 o' clock in the morning.火车在上午10点发车
（二）一般过去时：did/was/were
1、表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或状态，常有明确的时间状语，如yesterday，last night, some years ago，in1890等，以及由when等引导的时间状语从句。
2、表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作常与often，usually，seldom等表示频度的副词连用。
When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends there.我在乡村里，经常去拜访那里的朋友。
3、在条件、时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.他们说如果听到
什么关于他的消息，就通知我们。
（三）一般将来时
1、一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, in the future, next year等。一般将来时由"助动词will/shall+动词原形"构成。
2、一般将来时的其他表达法
（1）"be going to+动词原形"表将来
①这种结构表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事。
They are going to meet outside the school gate.他们打算在校门口见面。
②还可表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，认为某事即将发生、肯定会发生或可能出现的情况。I think I'm going to die. 我想我要死了。(现在生命垂危)
Look at the cloud. It's going to rain.瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。(乌云密布，使我断定天要下雨)
③这种结构表示"肯定、预测，注定会"。在这种情况下可以和"think, hope, want, belive, like"等表示静态的动词连用。
He failed in the exam; he knew he was going to when he looked at the test paper.他没考及格，他一看试卷就知道考不及格。
The voters aren't going to like him.选民们不会喜欢他的。
（2）"be about to+动词原形"表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。
The English evening is about to start.英语晚会即将开始。
（3）"be to+动词原形"表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。
There's to be a slide show this afternoon.今天下午要放幻灯。
You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.到10点你得交上试卷。
（4）用现在进行时来表示将来
现在进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come , go , leave, start ,move, arrive等，还有join, play, eat, work, return, take, wear, stay, sleep, meet等。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
I'm leaving for Tibet on Sunday.星期天我要去西藏。
When are you going back to your factory? 你什么时候回工厂？
（5）一般现在时表示将来
用一般现在时表示根据规定预计要发生、安排或计划好的将来的动作。这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come, go, leave, start, begin, sail, return, stop, end, open, stay 等。
The plane starts at 8 o'clock in the morning.飞机上午8点起飞。
When does the show begin?展览什么时候开始？
（四）现在进行时：be（is/am/are）+ v-ing"
1、表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作，它不涉及该动作的发生和结果，译成汉语"正在"，这一用法常和表示此刻的时间状语连用，如now, at this time, at present，at the moment 等。
2、表示将来的动作,表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作，或即将开始或进行的动作。常用的这类词go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive, land, meet, move, return, stay, stop, do, dine等，通常要与表示将来的时间状语连用，以区别此刻正在进行的动作。
He is coming to see you tomorrow.他明天要来看你。
3、表达褒贬等感情色彩：和always ,forever, continually, constantly, instantly, continuously等频度副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，不强调动作的进行性。表达厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。
He is constantly leaving his things about.他时常乱丢东西。（表责怪）
She is always changing her clothes.她老是换衣服。（表责怪）
He is always working hard.他总是学习很用功。（表赞赏）
They're forever quarrelling about something.他们老是为某件事争吵。(不满)
（五）过去进行时:be的过去时was/were+现在分词
1、表示过去某一时刻正在或过去某段时间正在进行的动作。动作发生的特定时间常用一个
短语或时间状语从句来表明。
注意：在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个动作用一般过去时。如果表示两个延续动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，而不考虑动作的先后长短，则主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时。
When I entered the room, she was sitting at her desk.我进屋的时候，她正坐在书桌前面。
The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.学生们在看书，而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。
2、用来描写故事发生的背景
在口语或记叙文中，可以用过去进行时表示的持续动作作为背景，以此引出由一般过去时表示的新动作。
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A young woman suddenly appeared on the river bank.一个漆黑的夜晚，狂风大作，大雨倾盆，一位年轻的妇女突然出现在河岸上。
3、代替过去将来时
用于come, go ,leave, start, stay, arrive等表位置转移的动词，以表示过去将要发生的动作。
She asked me whether he was starting the next day.她问我他是否第二天就走
4、表达褒贬等感情色彩:和always，constantly，continually，forever等连用，表示说话人的主观感情，如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。
He was always trying out new ideas.他总是试验一些新的设想
He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那
（六）现在完成时:助动词have/has+过去分词
1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。常与现在完成时态连用的词：up to now, so far,
already, not...yet, recently, in the past few years, just，for,since等。
I have already posted the photos.我已经把照片寄出了
思考：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别？
2、表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，也许还将继续下去。
They have lived in Beijing since 2002.他们自从2002年以来就住在北京。
3、表示到现在为止的一段时间内重复发生的动作。常与often, always 等连用
He has been late for class every morning this week.这个星期他每天早晨都迟到。My father has always gone to work by bike.我爸爸一向骑车上班
4、用于时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。
He will be back before I have finished my work.我完成工作之前他会回来的。
5、用在"It(This) is(will be ) th e first/second/third…time+ that从句"中
This is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。
It'll be the first time I've spoken in public.这将是我第一次当众讲话。
6、"It (This)is the best( worst, most interesting等) + 名词+从句"结构中的从句要求用现在完成时
This is the best film I've ever seen.这是我所看过得最好的一部电影
This is the most interesting novel he has ever written.这是他写得最好的一部小说。注意（1）现在完成时不能和明确表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday, last week, in 1976, two days ago, just now等)连用，但可以和下列不确定的时间状语连用，如never, ever, always, yet, already, before, just, lately, so far, recently等
She has already come.她已经来了。
I have met him before.我以前曾见过他。
（2）比较：have/has been to表示到过某个地方，而have/has gone to表示已经去了
某处。
He has been to the Great Wall.他到过长城。(现在他已不在长城)
He has gone to the Great Wall.他去长城了。(现在他不在此地)
（七）过去完成时:助动词had+过去分词
1、过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发的时间是"过去的过去"。表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语，也可用when, before，after，until等引导的从句或通过上下文表示。
When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
2、放在像said，told，asked，thought，wondered等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。
My friend told me that he had passed the exam.我的朋友告诉我，他已通过了考试。
3、用在"It was the first/second/third…time that…"句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。
This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 这是39年里他们第一次见面。
It was the first time we had spoken together. 这是我们第一次在一起说话。
4、intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时，表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜。
I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本来昨天打算要去看你，但我来了个不速之客。
5、过去完成时常用结构有"hardly, scarcely, barely … when, no sooner… than等副词的句子里。
She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.他刚睡下铃就响了。
No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded.他们刚刚离开大楼，一颗炸弹就爆炸了。
（八）过去将来时:助动词would(第二、三人称)/should(第一人称)+动词原形
1、表示对过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。
I thought they would come to help me.我认为他们会来帮我的。
He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.他说他要在车站等我们。
2、表示过去的某种习惯行为
He would sit for hours doing nothing.过去他常常坐几个钟头什么事也不做。
He would come to see us on Sundays.过去星期天他经常来看望我们。
3、过去将来时的其它表达法
（1）was/were going to
①表示过去的打算和意图
He was going to start work the following week.他打算下星期开始工作。（打算）
②表示没有实现的打算和意图
He was going to come last night, but it rained.他打算昨晚来，但下雨了。(没实现)
I thought the film was going to be interesting.我想这部电影会很有趣的。（结果不是）（2）was/were to+动词原形
这种结构通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情。如果计划的动作没有实现，要用动词的完成式。
At that time he did not know that quitting the job was to become the turning point in his life.( 注定要发生的事情)那时他不知道辞职将会成为他生活的转折点。
She said she was to take up the position.(表示打算)他说他打算上任。
She said she was to have taken up the position.( 计划但未能实现) 他说他本打算上任。
（3）was/were about to＋动词原形
was/were about to＋动词原形，表示过去即将发生的事。
The meeting was about to be held the following day.会议打算第二天开。
（4）表示位置转移的动词(如go，come，leave，start等)的过去进行时，表示按照过去
的计划安排将在过去将来发生的事情。
I didn't know you were coming.我不知道你会来。
（九）其他时态
1、现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由"助动词have/has been+ -ing形式"构成。用法如下：
（1）现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for，since 引导的时间状语连用。
They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。
（2）表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束。
I have been waiting you for about one hour.我等你大约一个小时了。(说话时"等"的动作刚结束)
（3）表示重复（只断断续续，而非一直不停）
We've been discussing the matter several times this year.我们今年已数次讨论那件事。
（4）现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较
A. 现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成，或者在过去曾经发生过的动作；现在完成进行时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。
I have written an article.我写了一篇文章。（已完成）
I have been writing an article.我一直在写一篇文章。（还在写）
B.当现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束时，现在完成时强调动作的结果，现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景，并带有感色彩。
Now we have cleaned the room; we can move the things in .现在房子打扫好了，我们可以往里搬东西了。（强调打扫完了的结果）
-You look so tired. What have you been doing?你看起来很累，你干什么了？
-I've been playing football.我踢足球了。（强调不久前踢球的情景）
2、将来进行时
将来进行时由"助动词shall/will+be+v-ing"构成，用法如下:
（1）表示将来某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作，常与this time tomorrow, at 4 o'clock tomorrow afternoon等时间状语连用。
I'll be visiting professor Li at 2 this afternoon.今天下午2点我将拜访李教授。
At this time tomorrow we'll be flying over the Atlantic. 明天此时我们正在飞越大西洋的上空。
（2）表示一种已经决定或肯定的动作或情况，或表示某动作将在按计划发生而未完成。We shall be having a meeting in a minute.我们一会儿就要开会。
Will you be seeing Mr.Wang this evening? 今晚你会见王先生吗？
3、将来完成时
将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作。将来完成时由"shall /will +have +v-ed"构成。用法如下：
（1）将来完成时表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by 连用。
By the end of this month , we'll have studied 10 units.到这月末，我们将学完10单元。（2）表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态,这动作或状态也可能将继续进行下去。When they move here next month, we'll have lived in the city for 5 years.下月他们搬到这里时，我们已住在该市五年了。
（3）表示对现在或将来可能完成动作的推测
It is seven. He will have got up.现在7点，他可能已经起床了
4、过去完成进行时
过去完成进行时主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。过去完成进行时由"助动词had+ been+ v-ing"构成。
（1）过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这一时间。这一动作
可能己经停止也可能还在进行。
She told me that she had been studying French for 5 years.她告诉我她己经学习法语5年了。（仍继续）
She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour.她告诉我她己经等我一个钟头了。（不再继续）
（2）表示反复的动作、企图、情绪、最近的情况
You had been giving me everything.你对我真是有求必应。（感激）
I had been studying the meaning of the poem.我一直在研究这首诗。（我还没懂）
二、动词的语态
（一）被动语态构成：be+动词的过去分词
（二）被动语态的适用范围
1、当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。这时不用by 短语。
This jacket is made of cotton. 这件上衣是棉料的。
2、为了强调动作的承受者时
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求参观者不可触摸展品。
3、出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者
You are said to be active recently. 据说你最近很活跃。
常用于如下短语：
It's not known that… ……不得而知It's said that… 据说……
It's reported that… 据报道…… It's not decided that…尚未决定
It's believed that… 据认为…… It's announced that…据宣布……
（三）感官动词和使役动词跟不定式作宾补时
在主动句中，动词不定式做感官动词（see, watch, hear等）和使役动词（make ,have）的宾语补足语，通常省去动词不定式符号to。但改为被动结构后，要把省略了to再加上。
They made him go there alone. 他们让他自己去那里。
→He was made to go there alone. 他被迫自己去那里。
注意：动词是let时，其被动结构中不定式仍不带to。
They let John go. 他们让约翰走。→John was let go. 约翰不得不走。
（四）主动形式表示被动意义
1、既是及物又是不及物的动词
一些既是及物又是不及物的动词。如read, write, sell, open, shut, begin, wash, wear, cut, lock, play, pack, strike, split, act, draw, iron, dry, eat heat, clean等；此类动词常接副词作状语（有些可以不加）。
Books of this kind sell well. 这本书很畅销
The door won't shut. 门关不上
2、系动词
系动词look, feel, taste, sound, smell, prove, seem, appear等。此类动词常接形容词作表语。
-Do you like the material?你喜欢这块面料吗？
-Yes, it feels very soft. 喜欢，手感不错。
The dish tastes good. 这菜味道不错。
3.下列短语的主动形式表示被动意义：happen,take place,break out,occur,come about,last,come into being（形成）,belong to,cost,come ture,add up to,belong to,give out（用完，耗尽）,run out,consist of（由……组成）.
After we were lost in the mountains for a whole week,our food and water ran out.
4、need等词后面常接主动的-ing分词形式
need, want, require，stand, take, won't bear, repay, deserve等词后面常接主动的-ing 分词形式，表示被动意义。
Your hair needs cutting. 你的头发需要理。
The room wants cleaning everyday. 这个房间需要每天打扫。
The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提。
The rules take some learning. 这规则需要下点功夫学。
That won't bear thinking of. 那不堪想象。
5、某些表语的形容词后，用不定式主动表示被动
当动词不定式作表语形容词（如形容词easy, difficult, hard等）的状语，又与句子的主语构成动宾关系时，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
This question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很那回答。
The room is comfortable to live in. 这屋子住起来很舒服。
6、不定式作定语
不定式作定语与前面的名词或代词有动宾关系时，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
I have a lot of work to do this week. 本周我有很多工作要做。
7、be worth doing结构在be worth doing结构中，-ing分词形式表示被动含义。句子的主语在逻辑上是-ing分词的宾语。The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得看。（五）被动结构的时态：be的不同时态+及物动词的-ed形式
1、一般现在时：be的一般现在时（am/is/are）+及物动词的-ed形式
Football is played all over the world. 全世界都踢足球。
2、一般过去式：be的一般过去式（was/were）+及物动词的-ed形式
The building was built in 1559. 这座建筑是1559年建成的。
3、一般将来时：be的一般将来时（shall/will be）+及物动词的-ed形式
More factories will be built in my hometown. 我们家乡会建更多的工厂。
4、现在进行时：be的现在进行时（am/is/are being）+及物动词的-ed形式
The life of the milu is being studied at present. 目前人们正在研究麋鹿的生活习惯。
5、现在完成时：be的现在进行时（has/have been）+及物动词的-ed形式
All the preparations for the task have been completed and we're ready to start. 任务的准备工作业已完成，我么们准备开始。
6、过去进行时：be的过去进行时（was/were being）+及物动词的-ed形式
When I got there a new road was being built by them. 我到那里时，他们正在建一条新路。
7、过去完成时：be的过去完成时（had been）+及物动词的-ed形式
He asked me how many English words had been learned by that year. 他问我到那年我学了多少英语单词。
8、含有情态动词或be going to 的被动语态：情态动词或be going to(be about to, used to, be to, have to等)+be+及物动词的-ed形式
This bike can be mended in two hours. 两个小时内可修好该自行车。
They have to be given a lot of money. 必须给他们很多钱。
高考常考句型：
1）It/This is/was+the+序数词+time+that-----;
It/This is/was+the+形容词最高级+名词+ -----
2）hardly/scarcely----when,no sooner---than结构中when,than前的主句必须用过去完成时时than,when所在的从句用一般过去时；
3）It is(high)time that-----(早)该----结构中，从句谓语动词必须用过去时，是虚拟语气的一种；
4）It will be+一段时间+before+从句（从句谓语动词一般用现在时）
It was+一段时间+before+从句（从句谓语动词一般用过去时）
5）It is/has been+一段时间+since从句（从句用一般过去时）
It was/had been+一段时间+since从句（从句用一般过去完成时）
动词的分类和时态、动词的被动语态
动词分类和时态 一、考点聚焦： 动态的时态是历年各省中考英语的必考内容。每年至少有1道题，甚至有2道或3道时态题。 时态从时间上划分为四大类：①现在时；②过去时；③将来时；④过去将来时。从行为上，每一类可以分为四种形式；①一般式；②进行时；③完成式；④完成进行时。这样，英语动词的时态合起来，总值共有十六种，初中只需要掌握其中的八种。 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She usually (do) some washing on Sundays 2. It (rain) for about two hours and the ground is full of water. 3. She asked me if I (have) time that evening 4. When I (see) him yesterday, he (talk) to our teacher. 5. We (meet) at the school gate at the eight o'clock tomorrow morning. 6. I'm sure he (become) a famous doctor some day. 7. My brother (tall) off while he (ride) his bike. 8. Be quick! They (wait) for us at the bus stop. 9. When he (arrive) there, most of the guests (leave). 10. you (find) the book which you . (lose) the other day? 11. She_ (work) for three years before she (join) the army. 12. —(look) for you since lunch time. Where you (be)? —I (be) to the supermarket, anybody (ask) for me? Tom (want) his English book. 13. — I don't understand what he (say). —He (say) he (fly) to London. —he (come) back yet? —No, I think he (be) back in two days. 二、近三年中考典例 1.Rose came to Beijing in 200 2. She here for eight years. A. has lived B. was living C. live D. will live 2. It heavily when I left the cinema. A. rains B. was raining C. will rain D. is raining 3. --- Would you like to see Avatar with me tonight? --- Thank you very much, but I it already. A. have seen B. am seeing C. see D. will see 4. Tina and her parents to England for sightseeing last summer. A. will go B. go C. went D. have gone 5. Today is Father’s Day. My mother a special dinner for my grandpa now. A. prepare B. prepared C. is preparing D. will prepare 6. The Harry Potter books pretty popular since they were published. A. become B. have become C. are becoming D. will become 7. The radio that there will be another heavy rain in Guangdong.. A. tells B. speaks C. talks D. says 8. If you to the 2010 Shanghai Expo next week, I will go with you. A. go B. has gone C. are going D. will go 9. 2010 Shanghai Expo people from all over the world to the theme “Better City, Better Life” . A. attends B. attracts C. allows D. advises 10. --- I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday. --- Oh, how nice! Do you know when he ? A. has left B. was leaving C. had left D. left 三、近三年中考真题、冲击满分 1. Go along the street. The museum is just on y our fight. You can’t it A. make B. find C. miss D. fail 2. The football team played well, but they didn’t the competition. A. score B. do C. succeed D. win 3.They her to the party, so she was very happy.
(完整版)中考易错题汇编：动词时态和语态
易错题汇编：动词时态与语态 一．The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished 【考点】考察时态 【答案】D 【解析】句义：已经完成了他们的家庭作业，这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句义可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过去时，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。故D 正确。 【举一反三】--- Peter, do you know who____ my dictionary ? ---Sorry , I don’t know . I didn’t do it . A. has taken away B. was taking away C. had taken away D. is taking away 【答案】A 试题分析：句意：--皮特，你知道谁把我的字典拿走了吗？--对不起，我不知道，我没有拿。这里拿走发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，不知在什么地方，故用现在完成时。 二. ---Hi, let’s go skating. --- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job. A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill 【考点】考察时态 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—喂，我们五滑冰吧！—对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。故C正确。
动词的时态和语态
动词的时态和语态练习 1 Unless he___ to help us, we shall lose the game. A promises B will promise C would promise D had promised 2 Would you please give him this message the moment he__. A arrives B arrived C will arrive D will be arriving 3 The moment I __ her, I knew something___ wrong. A have seen, gone B had seen,had C saw, was D see,had gone 4 I’m sure he will help her if she___ him. A asks B asked C would ask D had asked 5 However hard you__,you will never succeed in pleasing her. A should try B will try C would try D try 6 As soon as I __ home,I’ll have a hot bath. A have got B will get C get D am getting 7 As soon as i__ the crossroad, the traffic light__ red. A had come to, turned B had come to, had turned C came to, turned D have come to, have turned 8 I’m sure he’ll come to see me before he__ Beijing. A leave B left C will leave D leaves 9 We will not come to any decision until we__ a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly. A are having B had C have D will have 10 She won’t believe it until she__ it with her own eyes. A see B has seen C saw D will see 11 It___ nearly two weeks__ I had received his letter. A is, that B was, that C is, since D was, since 12 It is five years since my dear aunt__ here. A left B has left C is left D had left 13 If it__ rain tomorrow, we will ho9ld the sports meet. A won’t B doesn’t C will D wouldn’t 14 There was complete silence when he___the radio. A has turned off B turned off C had turned off D turns off 15 I don’t know when he ___ ,but when he __ I’ll speak to him. A will come, comes B comes, comes C comes, will come D will come, will come 16---When__ again? ---I’ll let you know as soon as he___. A he returns, returns B will he return, will return C he returns, will return D will he return, returns 17 When I see Jane in the street, she always__ at me. A smiled B has smiled C was smiling D smiles 18 Who__ to school earliest in your class every morning? A come B comes C is coming D are coming 19 Sound travels in the same way as light___. A does B do C travel D traveled 20 It won’t be long before such a thing__ again. A will happen B happens C is happened D happened
初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解
初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解 一般现在时态 【展示平台】 1 一般现在时态用来表示经常，反复，习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的副词sometimes（有时）, often（经常）, usually（通常）, always （总是）等连用。时间状语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening（在上午/下午/晚上）, every day/ week/ month/ year（每天/周/月/年, at noon/night （在中午/夜里）, on Monday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）等也可用在一般现在时态中。如： Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2 表示现在的特征或状态。如： She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。 He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。 3 表示事实或客观真理，或在谚语中，也用一般现在时。如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。 When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 4 一般现在时的基本句型 1）肯定句：① 主语+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词-s+ 其他如：They live in China. 他们住在中国。 He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。 2）否定句：① 主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他 ② 主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他 如：They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。 He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。 3）一般疑问句：① Do+主语+动词原形+其他? ② Does+主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+其他？ 如：Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗？ Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗？ 【相关链接】 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下： 1）一般在动词后直接加s。如：talk –talks, live –lives。 2）以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如： watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加es。如： carry – carries, fly –flies。 4）特殊的，如：have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】 1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped
动词时态语态填空练习
1．The boy is happy because he ___________(sell) out all the newspapers. 2．The plan _____________(give) up because of rain. 3．If it __________(not rain) tomorrow, we ____________(go )fishing. 4．Where ____________you____________(be) these days? 5．Where is Tom? He _________(go) to the post office. He said he _________(come) back soon. 6．Mike says he _________(want )to be a worker after he _________ (finish )school. 7．The last bus ____________just ________(leave) when they ________(get) to the bus stop. 8．She _________(not go) to bed until she _______(finish) her work. 9．Light ___________(travel )much faster than sound. 10．I __________(feel) much better after I _______(take) the medicine. 11．”Where ________we________(meet)?”“Let’s meet outside the park gate.” 12．I_________(be) afraid Mr Johnson __________(not visit) out school tomorrow. 13．I _________(lost) my bike ._________you _________(see) it anywhere? 14．________this kind of car __________(produce) in Shanghai? 15．We __________(see) several members of the family since we ________(arrive) 16．I found that the students _________(play) football on the playground. 17．The shop ___________(close) at this time of day. 18．Where ________your watch _________(lose)? 19．________the doctor __________(send) for last night? 20．Three children ___________(take) good care by the nurse. 21．Some children ___________(take ) good care by the nurse. 22．Some new houses _________(build) by the villagers themselves. 23．What language ________(speak) in Australia? 24．The colour TV _________(buy) in that shop three days ago. 25．He said he __________(stay) here for another two days. 26．The doctor said Jim must ________(operate ) on at once. 27．“__________the bridge _______(repair) yet?”“Yes, the workers_______ already______(repair) it.” 28．We are in Grade One this year, so we _________(teach ) physics next year. 29．“Where _________(be) you last night?”“I_________(ask) to help Tom at home”30．The big tree ________(blow)down in the storm last night. 31．I________ never ________(eat) such delicious noodles before. 32．When we reached the town, it _______(get) dark. 33．We ________(have) lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the door. 34．Lucy said she ________(visit) the school the next month. 35．I ________(wait) until he comes back. 36．You ________(watch) TV after supper, aren’t you? 37．They _________(be) to that small village several times. 39．Can you tell me if it _________(snow) tomorrow? 40．Could you tell me if you _________(read) the story book? 41．He said the lights in the room _________(go) out when he opened the door. 42．I _________(be) fifteen soon. 43．Tom, your aunt _______(come) this afternoon . 44．My teacher often _________(tell) us not to play on the street.
高中高考英语练习之动词时态和语态
2010高考二轮复习英语学案 专题六动词时态和语态 【典例精析】1.（2008全国I卷，27）—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 【解析】D句意：—你认识Dr. Jackson好久时间了吗? —是的，自从她加入汉语协会我就认识她。Since 自从......以来，引导时间状语从句，强调过去认识时的时间，第一句话所用的现在完成时是判断该句子时态的重要依据。 2.（2008辽宁卷,23）We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. have known D. know 【解析】C句意：在2000年我们第一次在火车上相遇。我俩同时立刻赶到彼此认识多年了。根据题干第二句可知主句为过去时，而that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词又发生在主句动词之前，即为过去的过去，故用过去完成时来表示。 3.（2008天津卷，14）He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played 【解析】D句意：他年轻的时候踢了多年的足球。句中的when he was young是表示过去的时间状语。题干中没有强调在过去的某个时间段正在发生某事，故排除A项；句中也没有信息词强调对现在造成的影响或与现在的联系，故排除C项；句中也没有以过去的某个时间点或动作点作为参照，故排除D项。 4.（09北京）27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 【解析】B考查时态和语态的用法。The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。 5.（09天津）2. My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 【解析】A考查时态。后句意思“他们出生在香港，从来没有去过别的地方”，由此可知前句“一直在香港住”，时态用一般现在时，说明事实，故选A。 6.（09福建）6 -Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 【解析】D考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。
高中动词时态 与 被动语态
高中英语动词的时态与语态 动词的时态 时态的构成形式列表： 一、一般现在时 1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.﹝骄者必败。﹞ 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much.。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
二、一般过去时 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth"到……时间了""该……了"。 例如：It is time for you to go to bed. It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了" ， 例如It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would （had）rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。 例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。 三、一般将来时 1）shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征
高考英语动词时态和语态讲解与专项练习题
动词时态语态 汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中常考的或较常用的有10种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时；主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时刻表）等。 He usua lly goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
动词时态和语态
动词的时态和语态一、动词的5种基本形式及其变化规则 二、时态的构成及其意义
三、含情态动词的谓语结构 1. You must( dial ) the wrong number. There is no such a person. 2. She can’t ( read ) about the explosion. She didn’t know anything about it. 3. He might( sleep ) next door. Let’s not disturb him. 4. They are so tired now. They must(work) all day. 四、谓语动词各时态的助动词及其作用：1、时态2、否定3、疑问 实践：把下面各句中write的相关谓语改为否定 1. Usually I write novels in the morning. 2. Usually he writes novels in the morning. 3. I wrote a novel last year. 4. I can write a novel. 5. I was good at maths when I was in junior school. 五、改错 1. He go to school from Monday to Saturday, but he not have classes on Sunday. 2. Ice felt cold. 3. They not drank wine, but now they do.
高中英语动词时态和语态填空题
高中英语动词时态和语态填空题 1. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)． 2. On the wall ________(hang) a picture. 3. Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me. 4. —I haven't seen you for ages. Haven't you graduated from college? —Yes. I________(study) English for four years in Nanjing University. 5. Where ________ you________(put) my book? I can't find it anywhere. 6. —Li Pin may not come tonight. —But he ________(promise)． 7. Helen ________(leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ________(come) home. 8. I _____(hope) to meet Mr. Thompson this morning，but I found nobody left in the room. 9. We plan to reach the North Pole in mid－July，and by then we ____ (walk) for six weeks. 10. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ____________(paint)． 11. My father ______(fall) while he ______(ride) his bicycle and hurt himself. 12. He ____________(fly) over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow. 13. ① Look at the timetable. Flight 4026 ________(take) off at 18：20. plane________(take) off. 14. If you are____________(succeed)，you should work hard. 15. —The light is still on. —Sorry. I ________ (go) and turn it off. 16. The water ________ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 17. Doctors and medical supplies ________ (rush) to the scene of the accident soon after the coal mine explosion. 18. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _____ (declare) open，the whole world cheered. 19. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ (tell) the cloth ______(wash) well. 20.①Wang Ming is said ________ (study) abroad, but I am not sure which country it was ②Linda is thought ________ (work) in Africa, but I really don't know what country she's working in. 21. (2013·浙江卷)During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programmes ________ (increase) sharply. 22. (2012·江苏卷)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________ (meet) some European business partners. 23. Unfortunately，when I got to her flat，she ________ (leave)，so we had only time for a few words. 24. Kate________ (work) on her new novel，which is supposed to come out next month. 25. —I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
高中英语动词的时态和语态讲解
动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 （短语） always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1） 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2） 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出 发，到达”等含义 的词， 女口， arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件：if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四：在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现