中考英语完形填空技巧

中考英语完形填空技巧
中考英语完形填空技巧

中考英语完形填空技巧

完形填空主要是阅读理解的类型,主要是考查学生对各种语言的综合运用能力。完形填空又不同于阅读理解,主要是根据文章进行判断。完形填空在形式上又近似于单项选择,但是答案上又要求与单项填空有很大的差别,有逻辑,还有上下文的连接,单项填空主要是考查语文为主,根据一个情景判断语法的正确。可是完形填空题型很复杂,涉及的词法、句法、惯用法,还涉及到一些常识。

下面讲讲解题的方法和技巧。第一,要通读全文,掌握大意,这是非常必要的。有些同学因为很着急,想很快地做完,时间也有限,所以有时候不仔细地读这个题,只是上来看一下词语搭配,就随便选择一个选项,但是殊不知,上下文有连贯的,因此通读全文掌握大意是做好完形填空很关键的第一步。

完形填空常常以文章和段落的形式出现,着眼于对语篇的整体理解,要花一段时间,通读全文,整体上把握文章的脉络,把握作者的思维轨迹,猎取最重要的信息。因为阅读的时间有限,应该以意型和句子快速浏览全文,要特别注意文章的第一句,因为第一句话通常是全文表达的精髓所在,一般都是上来就点题,作者会在文章一开始开宗明义,向读者显示出这段文字的体裁、形式、涉及的内容和意图。

完形填空第一句话通常都是不留空格的完整的句子。

第二,上下要连续,前后要贯通,连词的使用是各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系,通过发现和识别连词,可以从宏观的角度把握文章的大意,构建全文的内在逻辑结构,领会作者的思路,完形填空通过保留一定数量的词语,使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。所以,某些题供答题信息的关键词会多次反复地出现,我们把这样的关键词称为信息词,所以要好好把握,挑出信息词。同时凭借自己掌握的语法知识和一般的常识,兼顾人称、性别、单复数、语法和时态等等语法的因素,从语法的结构方面考虑答案。

第三,要仔细推敲,复校全文。填完所有的空格以后,把所有的答案放回短文的空格处,将弥补完整的全文从头至尾读一遍,以确保上下文的顺畅合理。第三遍的检查,有些答案局部看来很合理,有些句觉得语感搭配很顺口,但是注意从上下文的语言联系来看又充满了矛盾,这时候应该做到局部服从整体,对所选的答案进行及时的修改。填完所有的空格以后,对于短文的含义和结构,已经有了比较清晰的了解,这时候在校对的过程当中,对于一些难以作出最后抉择的这种空格往往比较容易选出正确答案,采取一些排除法。我们想,正确的答案、最佳的答案,应该是这样两个标准,一个是语法正确,有时候语法正确了,逻辑不对,也不是正确答案,语法正确、逻辑合理是属于正确答案,有些看起来四个选项都行,但是语法和逻辑都合理才是标准答案。

第四,要有比较扎实的语言基本功底,要有比较严密的逻辑思维。接近中考了,要进行强化训练,我们跟学生讲,每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练,要自己计时,因为考试有一定的时间限制,所以现在要计时进行训练,通过一定的强化训练,速度和正确率会有一定的提高,因为还是实践出真知嘛,通过大量的实践才能悟出答题的方法,把学习过的东西温故而知新,毕竟我们生活在非英语国家,英语不是我们的母语,到临近考试,一定要做

好这方面的强化训练,多做肯定会有收效的。

完型填空是一项综合性很强的题目。在平常练习中,大多数人都认为完型填空很难应付,其实,即使题目再难,答题也是有章可循的。我们不妨试试下面介绍的“三遍法”:首先,完型填空的首句一般都是完整的,其目的是给答题者一个整体思路,我们顺着这个整体思路进行第一遍的“跳读”,也就是不看选项通读全篇。虽然文章已经被“挖”的支离破碎,我们仍能大概分析出它所发生的语言环境是“hospital”,还是“cinema”或

是“farm”。知道了这些以后,思维就会变得具体起来。接下去进行第二遍的诸题攻破,边看边选。这遍做起来是最费时间的,因为每选一个空,都要考虑到有关的语义搭配、固定句式、词组、时态等各个方面。比如,如果选项是动词,那么,考查的可能是时态,动词过去式、过去分词的规则、不规则变化;如果选项是介词,考查的可能是固定搭配或词组;如果选项是连词,则考的可能是上下文的顺承转接等等。.这就要求答题者有较深的基础知识功底,同时,要能做到上下呼应,左右连接。在填完所有的空之后,就进入到了第三遍的纠错过程。这一步要求我们把所有的选项一一对应到相应的空中,把它作为一篇完整的阅读文章来通读、复查。许多学生经常会忽略或意识不到这一步的重要,其实,通过最后一遍的通读,可以通过语感分析出选项是否与语境相吻合,是否与原文协调一致,是否符合应有的逻辑关系。这样看来,这一遍绝对是重中之重、不可或缺的。

下面让我们来一次“实战演习”,一定会有所提高,有所感悟的。

Kate and Sandy are American students.. they ___1____sisters. They live ____2____now. Kate is ___3____than Sandy. She likes living in town very

much. Kate thinks living in town is ____4_____than ___5____in the

country. There are more parks shops and cinemas in town than in the

country. She especially likes the lights in town. She thinks the lights

____6___are more beautiful than the stars. She likes to read and reads

___7____than Sandy. Often Kate reads until very late at night. Sandy

likes the country ____8____. She thinks the country life is quiet. There

is less noise and fewer cars. She likes to visit her Aunt Peggy. She often

helps her aunt ___9____her work. Sandy likes to run. She runs faster than

Kate. In the country Sandy can longer than in town. She also thinks

running in the country ___10___the most exciting thing to do.

1. A.am B.is C.are D. /

2. A. in the town

B. in town

C. in the country

D. in country

3. A. old B. older

C. more old

D. more older

4.A. interesting

B. more interesting

C. beautiful

D. more beautiful

5. A. live B. living

C. to live

D. is living

6.A. at night B. at the night

C. in night

D. in the night

7.A. quickly B. more quickly

C.quicklier

D. more quickly

.8.A. good B.well

C. better

D. best

.9.A.for B. at C. to D. with

.10.A.am B.is C.are D. /

答案与详解

1.C 短文讲到Kate 与Sandy是姐妹,在英语中如果说到“是什么”或“怎么样”要用到be动词,主语是复数they

时态是一般现在时,所以应选C。

2.B 表示某人住在某地,应用动词live 加介词in 再加地点名词,通过后面句子可知“他们住在城镇”应用live in town。

3.B 通过句子分析,句中有比较级的标志词than,所以此句话应用比较级,根据所提供的答案,old 的比较级形式应是older。所以应选B。

4.B 通过句子分析,句中有比较级的标志词than 所以应用比较级,interesting的比较级是在其前加more. 所以应选B。

5.B 通过第4题,我们知道这句话应用比较级,根据比较的对象应一致,应是living in town 与living in the

country 进行比较。所以应选B。

6.A 这道题考的是固定搭配情况,表示“在晚上” 应说at night. 所以答案应选A。

7.B 根据句中的than 这句话也应用比较级,而quickly的比较级应是在其前加more构成。所以答案应选B。

8.C 通过通读整段文章,文中只提到两个地点,一个是in town 另一个是in the country,两者进行比较,应用比较级。

所以答案应选C。

9.D 此题考的是固定搭配情况,“帮某人某事”应说help sb. with sth. 所以答案应选D。

10.B 做这道题,关键在于弄清楚主语是什么,是单数还是复数,通过句子分析,这是一个宾语从句,从句的主语为running in the

country 是一个单数。所以选B。

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