中山大学2011年翻译硕士英语

中山大学

二○一一年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

科目代码：211

科目名称：翻译硕士英语

考试时间：1月15日下午

考生须知全部答案一律写在答题纸上，答在试题纸上的不计分!请用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答。答题要写清题号，不必抄题。

PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS)

There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C AND D. Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 2.

1. Scarcely ____ when she started complaining to me of the terrible living conditions on the

campus.

A. I arrived

B. I had arrived

C. did I arrived

D. had I arrived

2. At that time, this kind of cloth was hard to ____ because the textile technology was not that

advanced.

A. come up with

B. come through

C. come over

D. come by

3. ____the action stopped did we have time to think what might have happened.

A. Only if

B. If only

C. Only when

D. When only

4. ____ the fact that he is an adult now, we should give him more freedom.

A. In consideration of

B. In comparison with

C. In light of

D. In contrast to

5. ____ of the tires on the motorcycle looks any better than the other.

A. Not any

B. No one

C. None

D. Neither

6. The air crash led to the ____ of the diplomatic relations between the two countries.

A. suspicion

B. suspense

C. suppression

D. suspension

7.____ he has created striking stage settings for the Martha Graham dance company, artist Isamu

Noguchi is more famous for his sculpture.

A. Bur for

B. Nevertheless

C. In spite of

D. Although

8. There is no other man in history than Jefferson who ____ the ideas of democracy with such

fullness, persuasiveness and logic.

A. foresaw

B. foreshadowed

C. formulated

D. fortified

9. Bit by bit, a child makes the necessary changes to make his language_____.

A. as other people

B. as other people’s

C. like other people

D. like other people’s

10. In the long run, English learning, difficult as it is, is ____ to a leaner in his or her career

development.

A. profitable

B. advantageous

C. prominent

D. rewarding

11. It is vitally important that you ____ the international conference on cross-cultural

communication.

A. shall attend

B. must attend

C. attend

D. might attend

12. The one pleasure that Einstein ____ his great fame was the ability it gave him to help others.

A. resulted from

B. stemmed from

C. turned out

D. derived from

13. You’d rather not go to the picnic, ____ you?

A. should

B. had

C. must

D. would

14. ____ he’s already heard the news.

A. Chances are

B. Chance is

C. Opportunities are

D. Opportunity is

15. Though this car is more elegant in appearance, its quality ____ that less fancy one.

A. more inferior than

B. is more inferior to

C. is inferior to

D. is more inferior than

16. You can step inside our store for a wide variety of personalized ____products for business and

personal use.

A. stationary

B. writing

C. stationery

D. written

17. If the man is only interested in your appearance, ____ just shows how shallow he is.

A. as

B. which

C. what

D. that

18. Listening to the thrilling stories made my flesh

A. climb

B. itchy

C. creep

D. move

19. The chairman suggested that everyone be present at the meeting ____ tomorrow morning.

A. that held

B. being held

C. to be held

D. held

20. A short ____ of stairs adjoins each entrance door and leads down to the central sleeping area.

A. light

B. delight

C. flight

D. fight

2t. We passed the examination, ____.

A. and so he did

B. and neither did he

C. and so did he

D. but he did

22. The road is laid ahead of him, a ____ gray line stretching to the horizon.

A. constant

B. repeated

C. continuous

D. wide

23. We are ____ with these experienced technicians.

A. too pleased to work

B. too pleased working

C. only too pleased to work

D. only too pleased working

24. “Where can I find Jim?”“He is ____ his work. He won’t leave the lab until 6:00 p.m.”

A. on

B. over

C. at

D. under

25. All the communists____ the people instead of being served by the people.

A. are supposed to serve

B. are opposed to serving

C. are subjected to serving

D. object to serving

26. I told him how to get there, but perhaps I ____ him a map.

A. should have given

B. ought to give

C. had to give

D. must have given

27. After ____ seemed an endless night, it was time for them to open the boxes of presents.

A. it

B. that

C. what

D. there

28. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus

Christ.

A. in accordance with

B. in terms of

C. in favor of

D. in honor of

29. The prisoner stood there ____.

A. with his hands cuffed

B. with his hands cuffing

C. with his cuffed hands

D. with his cuffing hands

30. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of the

persistent effort of all the compilers.

A. embedded

B. embodied

C. enchanted

D. enclosed

PART II READING COMPREHENSION [60 MIN] (1.5×20+2×5=40 POINTS)

In this section there are five reading passages followed by a told of 20 multiple-choice questions and 5 short answer questions. Please read the passages and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

TEXT A

Australia’s frogs are having trouble finding love. Traffic noise and other sounds of city life, such as air conditioners and construction noise, are drowning out the mating calls of male frogs in urban areas, 1eading to a sharp drop in frog populations. But, in the first study of its kind, Parris, a scientist at the University of Melbourne has found that some frogs have figured out a way to compensate for human interference in their love lives.

A male southern brown tree frog sends out a mating call when he’s looking for a date. It is music to the ears of a female southern brown tree frog. But, add the sounds of nearby traffic and the message just is not going out. Parris spent seven years studying frogs around Melbourne. She says some frogs have come up with an interesting strategy for making themselves heard.

“We found that it’s changing the pitch of its call, so going higher up, up the frequency spectrum, being higher and squeakier, further away from the traffic noise and this increases the distance over which it can be for heard,” Parris said.

The old call is lower in pitch. The new one is higher in pitch.

Now, that may sound like a pretty simple solution. But, changing their calls to cope with a noisy environment is actually quite extraordinary for frogs. And while the males have figured out how to make themselves heard above the noise, Parris says it may not be what the females are looking for.

“When females have a choice between two males calling, they tend to select the one that calls at a lower frequency because, in frogs, the frequency of a call is related to body size. So, the bigger frogs tend to call lower,” she explained. “And so they also tend to be the older frogs, the guys perhaps with more experience, they know what they’re doing and the women are attracted to those.”

Frog populations in Melbourne have dropped considerably since Parris began her research, but it is not just because of noise. Much of Australia has been locked in a 10-year drought, leaving frogs fewer and fewer ponds to go looking for that special someone.

31. Parris is the first person who made study for ____

A. frog’s population

B. frog’s love lives

C. frog’s mating calls and living environment

D. the effects of human noises on frog

32. Why do some frogs change the pitch of its calls?

A. To be different from others.

B. To attract a female frog.

C. To tend out messages.

D. To go against traffic noises.

33. Female frogs may not be attracted by the new call because____.

A. it is strange and unusual

B. they are used to the old call

C. the male frogs don’t know how to attract them

D. lower frequency has special physical meaning

34. What does the word “considerably” in the last paragraph mean?

A. immediately

B. directly

C. carefully”

D. much

35. According to Parris, what are the reasons for the dropping of the frog’s population in

Melbourne?

A. Air conditioners and construction noise.

B. The urban noises and the lack of rainfall.

C. The change of the frequency of the mating call.

D. Fewer ponds.

TEXT B

A closer observer of the small screen once called it a “vast wasteland of violence, sadism and murder, private eyes, gangsters and more violence - and cartoons.” That is how Newton Minow, a US television regulator, described it in 1961.

Since than television language has become more colourful, violence more explicit and sex more prevalent. Lady Chatterley’s Lover has moved from the banned book shelf to a classic BBC serial.

Concern over such changing standards has shaped our view of television—and masked its broader influence in developing countries.

To illustrate its effects, Kenny cites the case of Brazil. When television there began to show a steady diet of local soaps in the 1970s, Brazilian women typically had five or more children and were trapped in poverty. As the popularity of the soaps grew, birth rates fell

According to researchers, 72% of the leading female characters in the main soaps had no children and only 7% had more than one. One study calculated that such soaps had the same effect on fertility rates as keeping girls in school for five years more than normal.

It is not just birth rates that are affected. Kenny notes: “Kids who watch TV out of school, according to a World Bank survey of young people in the shanty towns of Fortaleza in Brazil, are considerably less likely to consume drugs.”

Television appears to have more power to reduce youth drug use than the strictures of an educated mother and Brazilian soaps presenting educated urban woman running their own businesses are thought to be compelling role models.

Television can also improve health, In Ghana a soap opera line that warned mothers they were feeding their children “more than just rice” if they did not wash their hands after defecating was followed by a seemingly permanent improvement in personal hygiene.

Why do such changes happen? Simple, says Kenny: soap operas, whether local versions of Ugly Betty or vintage imports of Baywatch, open up new horizons. “Some hours could he better spout planting trees, helping old ladies across the road or playing cricket,” he said. “But watching TV exposes people to new ideas and different people. With that will come greater opportunity, growing equality and a better understanding of the world. Not bad.”

36. What does “it” refer to in the first paragraph?

A. The small screen.

B. A vast wasteland.

C. Television language.

D. Lady Chatterley’s Lover.

37. Why does the anther mention Lady Chatterley’s Lover?

A. To show television has great influence on our daily life.

B. To show that television’s content has new changes.

C. To show that violence and sex are accepted by the audience.

D. To show the standards of TV regulation have changed

38. What is the meaning of “mask” in the third paragraph?

A. suggest

B. cover

C. discover

D. reveal

39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the effects of TV?

A. Lower birth rate.

B. Less poor young people.

C. Less drug users.

D. Better sanitation habits.

40. The main idea of this passage is ____.

A. the effects of TV in developing countries

B. people begin to receive more information

C. TV has opened up new horizons

D. the changes of TV language

TEXT C

She was glad of the lake. It’s soft; dark water helped to soothe and quiet her mind. It took her away from the noisy, squawkish world of the cat-walk and let her lie untroubled at its side, listening only to the gentle lapping of its waves.

She felt at peace. Alone. Unhindered and free. Free to do nothing but watch and listen and dream.

London, Paris, New York - names, only names. Names that had once meant excitement, then boredom, then frustration then slavery. Names that had brought her to the edge of a breakdown and left her doubting her own sanity.

But here everything was at peace. The lake, the trees, the cottage. Here she could stay for the rest of her life. Here she would be happy to die.

Across the sun hurried a darkening filter of cloud. The ripples on the water, chased by a freshening wind, pushed their way anxiously from the far side of the lake until they almost bounced at her feet. And in the East there was thunder.

Quickly she gathered her things together and made for the cottage. But already the rain flecked the water behind her and pattered the leaves as she raced beneath the trees. Sodden and breathless, she ran for the cottage door, and, as she opened it, the storm burst.

And there on the hearth, haggard and unwelcome, stood a man.

“Hello!”

I was an odd way to greet a complete stranger who had invaded her home, but it was all she could think of to say. A casual greeting to someone who seemed to be expecting her, waiting for her. Maybe it was the way they did things down here?

“I suppose you had to shelter from the storm too?” she asked.

The man said nothing.

She ought to have been angry at this rude intrusion on her privacy, but anger somehow seemed pointless. It was as if the cottage was his, the hearth was his, and she had come out of the storm to seek refuge at his door. She watched him, cautiously; waiting for an explanation. He said nothing. Not a word

“Did you get wet?” she asked

He stood, huddled by the open fire, gazing at the dying embers.

She walked over, brushing against him as she bent to stir the logs into life, but still he did not move. The flames burst forth, lighting up the sadness in his dark eyes.

“And kneeled and made the cheerless grate blaze up and all the cottage warm...”

The words, spoken by him in a quiet, toneless voice, took her by surprise.

“Pardon?” she said

But he seemed not to hear.

She tried once more.” Ii look as if it’s set in for the evening. Would you like to sit down for a while?”

His eyes followed her as she moved to take off her coat and brush out her hair.

“...and from her form withdrew the dripping cloak and shawl, and laid her soiled gloves by, untied her hat and let the damp hair fall...”

Poetry. He was quoting poetry

He looked vaguely like a poet; lean, distressed, with a certain bitterness in his eyes and hopelessness in his form. And his voice was deep and languid, like the middle of the lake where the water ran darkest.

Yet those ware not his lines. The words were not created by him. They were somehow familiar. Half remembered. Surely she had heard them before?

41. What does she think of the lake?

A. Dark.

B. Alone.

C. Free.

D. Soft

42. We can conclude that the main character “She” is a ____.

A. model

B. teacher

C. singer

D. banker

43. As to names her profession brought her, she felt all the following EXCEPT ____.

A. confined

B. fed up

C. agitated

D. stirred

44. She wished to stay by the lake for the rest of her life because ____.

A. she liked the beautiful scenery there

B. she enjoyed the solitude there

C. she could withdraw from society

D. she might encounter a stranger

45. Which of the following can NOT describe the man?

A. Desperate

B. Thin

C. Miserable

D. Conspicuous

TEXT D

Got milk? If you do, take a moment to ponder the true oddness of being able to drink milk after you’re a baby.

No other species but humans can. And most humans can’t either.

The long lists of food allergies some people claim to have can make it seem as if they’re just finicky eaters trying to rationalize likes and dislikes. Not so. Eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish soy and gluten all can wreak havoc on the immune system of allergic individuals, even causing a deadly reaction called anaphylaxis.

But those allergic reactions are relatively rare, affecting an estimated 4% of adults.

Milk’s different.

There are people who have true milk allergies that can cause deadly reactions. But most people who have bad reactions to milk aren’t actually allergic to it, in that it’s not their immune system that’s responding to the milk. Instead, people who are lactose intolerant can’t digest the main sugar—lactose—found in milk. In normal humans, the enzyme that does so—lactase—stops being produced when the person is between two and five years old. The undigested sugars end up in the colon, where they begin to ferment, producing gas that can cause cramping, bloating, nausea, flatulence and diarrhea.

If you’re American or European it’s hard to realize this, but being able to digest milk as an adult is one weird genetic adaptation.

It’s not normal. Somewhat less than 40% of people in the world retain the ability to digest lactose after childhood. The numbers are often given as close to 0% of Native Americans, 5% of Asians, 25% of African and Caribbean peoples, 50% of Mediterranean peoples and 90% of northern Europeans. Sweden has one of the world’s highest percentages of lactase tolerant people.

Being able to digest milk is so strange that scientists say we shouldn’t really call lactose intolerance a disease, because that presumes it’s abnormal, instead, they call it lactase persistence, indicating what’s really weird is the ability to continue to drink milk.

There’s been a lot of research over the past decade looking at the genetic mutation that allows this subset of humanity to stay milk drinkers into adulthood.

A long-held theory was that the mutation showed up first in Northern Europe, where people got less vitamin D from the sun and therefore did better if they could also get the crucial hormone (it’s not really a vitamin at all) from milk.

But now a group at University College London has shown that the mutation actually appeared about 7,500 years ago in dairy farmers who lived in a region between the central Balkans and central Europe, in what was known as the Funnel Beaker culture.

The paper was published this week in PLOS Computational Biology.

The researchers used a computer to model the spread of lactase persistence, dairy farming, other food gathering practices and genes in Europe.

Today, the highest proportion of people with lactase persistence live in Northwest Europe, especially the Netherlands, Ireland and Scandinavia. But the computer model suggests that dairy farmers carrying this gene variant probably originated in central Europe and then spread more widely and rapidly than non-dairying groups.

Author Mark Thomas of University College London’s dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment says, “In Europe, a single genetic change...is strongly associated with lactase persistence and appears to have people with it a big survival advantage.”

The European mutation is different from several lactase persistence genes associated with small populations of African peoples who historically have been cattle herders.

Researchers at the University of Mary land identified one such mutation among Nilo-Saharan-speaking peoples in Kenya and Tanzania. That mutation seems to have arisen between 2,700 to 6,800 years ago. Two other mutations have been found among the Beja people of northeastern Sudan and tribes of the same language family in northern Kenya.

46. According to the third sentence of Paragraph 3, which of the following items is INCORRECT?

A. Anaphylaxis may cause people to die.

B. Eggs can damage all the allergic individuals’ immune system.

C. One who is allergic to gluten can not eat com.

D. Tuna may cause a person who is allergic to fish to die.

47. Which of the following is the CORRECT explanation of “enzyme” (Para. 6)?

A. A kind of chemical hormone that is produced by human body.

B. A kind of protein that act as catalyst in diagnosing lactose.

C. A kind of fungus that can be used to decompose lactose.

D. A kind of gene that is called lactase.

48. What is the relationship between “lactase” and “lactose” according to the passage?

A. Lactase is indispensable to decomposing lactose.

B. They both can act as a kind of enzyme.

C. Lactase is the physical form of lactose.

D. Lactase can be used to synthesize lactose.

49. According to Mark Thomas, we can infer that______.

A. in Europe, people with longevity must not be lactase persistence.

B. a genetic mutation on lactase persistence changed people’s life.

C. the European people benefit from genetic change.

D. the Europeans have superior survival advantage to other human races.

50. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A. To stop people from drinking milk.

B. To refute the theory that milk is good for health.

C. To introduce us a new discovery on genetic mutation.

D. To infer the declination of the cattle industry.

TEXT E

George had stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was about to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time.

Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at his trail. Of course, he didn’t tail anybody, but he managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said to him, “Jim, I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty of taking it - that would be too much to expect. But I should be grateful to you for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty.”“Well, George,”answered Jim, “I shall certainly try to do what I can for you as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The other eleven people on the jury look terribly strong-minded to me.” George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him, and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help.

The trial went on, and at last the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not. It took them five hours, but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy. Of course, George was very pleased, but he didn’t have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. At last, however, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and asked him how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to recommend mercy. “Well, George,” Jim answered, “as I thought, those eleven men were very difficult to persuade, but I managed it in the end by tiring them out. Do you know, those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty!”

51. How do you define “jury”?

52. What did George expect Jim to do?

53. What did Jim do to help George?

54. How lung did the jury spent on making a decision?

55. Who do you think is the biggest fool?

PART III WRITING [60 MIN] (30 POINTS)

Plagiarism in graduation thesis is becoming an indisputable fact. What do you think about it? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view on the following topic:

Plagiarism in Graduation Thesis

In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.

参考答案及解析

PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY

1.D 句意：我一到她就向我抱怨校园里恶劣的生活条件。Scarcely是带有否定意义的词，

当位于句首时需要局部倒装，故排除A项。我“到”的动作应该是发生在她“抱怨”

前，故应用过去完成时。

2.D 句意：那时候，由于纺织技术落后，这种布很难得到。come by 得到；从旁走过。come

up with提出；想出；赶上。come through 经历；安然度过；获得成功。come over 过来；顺便来访；抓住。

3.C 句意：只有停下来，我们才有时间思考可能发生了什么。放于句首的only修饰when

引导的时间状语从句时，主句应进行部分倒装。only if只要…就。if only要是…多好。

only when只有当…才能。

4.A 句意：考虑到他现在是个成人了，我们应该给他更多自由。in consideration of考虑到，

鉴于。in comparison with与…比较。in light of根据；鉴于；从…观点。in contrast to 与…形成对照。

5.D 当表示“两者都不”的时候，应为Neither，这里指“摩托车的两个轮胎看上去都一样”。

6.C句意：空难使两国外交关系暂时中止。suspension悬挂；暂停。suspicion 怀疑。suspense

焦虑，不安。suppression 抑制；镇压。

7.D 句意：尽管艺术家Isamu Noguchi为玛莎舞蹈团创造了惊人的舞台设置，他更为著名

的是他的雕塑。bur for倘没有, 要不是。nevertheless (尽管如此)还是，然而。In spite of 后接名词或者名词性从句。

8.C 句意：历史上没有人比杰弗逊能把民主的概念表述得更丰富，更有说服力，更有逻辑

性。formulate明确地表达。foresee预见；预料。foreshadow预示，成为…的前兆。fortify 加强，增强（意志、信心等）。

9.D 句意：一点一点地，孩子进行了必要的改变，使他的语言和别人一样。like在此处为

介词，表示“和...一样”。as表示介词的时候，意为“作为”。

10.A 句意：英语学习尽管困难，但从长远看来，有益于学习者的事业发展。profitable to 对…

有益的。advantageous to对…有利的。prominent突出的，显著的。rewarding有报酬的, 有益的，rewarding 不和to搭配。

11.A 句意：你一定要参加跨文化交际的国际会议，这极其重要。shall用于陈述句中的第二、

第三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等。

12.D 句意：爱因斯坦从自己的名望中得到的乐趣之一就是能利用它来帮助别人。derive…

from…从…得到…。result from起因于；由…造成。stem from源于。turn out结果证明。

此处为that引导的定语从句，只有D项可以人作主语。

13.D 句意：你宁愿去野餐，对吧？英语反问句中，陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分

多用wouldn't +主语结构。

14.A 句意：他有可能已经知道这个消息了。固定用法chances are（that）“有可能”。

15.Ｃ句意：尽管这辆车外观更优雅，但质量却不如这辆大众化的车好。inferior意思是“下

级的，下等的”，已经包含比较的意思。固定用法be inferior to。

16.C 句意：进入我们店，你可以买到各种各样的商业或个人文具产品。stationery products

文具产品。

17.D 句意：如果这个男人只对你的外表感兴趣，那只能说明他是一个肤浅的人。if引导的

是条件状语从句，逗号后面是主句，that指代的是逗号前面这个句子说的这个事实。A、B都是引导定语从句，不符合此处句子语法结构，C项引导名词性从句。

18.C 句意：听这些毛骨悚然的故事让我浑身起鸡皮疙瘩。itchy发痒的。creep起鸡皮疙瘩。

climb爬；攀登；上升。move移动；搬家。

19.C 会议应该是被举行，并且时间是tomorrow morning，故选C项。

20.D 句意：一小段楼梯把每个进口处的门连接起来，一路向下通向中央睡眠区域。固定用

法，a flight of stairs一段楼梯。

21.C 句意：我们通过了考试，他也通过了。So do I该结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况

也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“…也一样”。其中的do根据前面句子的谓语动词性质不同,也可换成连系动词be或情态动词,其中的主语I也可换成其他人称。根据句意的不同，so也可以换成neither, nor，此时句子主谓倒装。要注意的是so用于肯定句中，neither, nor用于否定句中。

22.C 句意：道路在他前面延伸，灰蒙蒙的，绵延不断，一直通向天边。continuous连绵不

断的。constant不变的；恒定的。repeated再三的，反复的。

23.C 句意：我们非常乐意和这些经验丰富的技师工作。only too... to do sth是一个句型，它

的意思与rather, much, very一样，用来修饰形容词。too…to…意思是“太…以致不能”

24.C 句意“在哪可以找到Jim？”“他正忙着工作，直到下午六点钟才离开实验室。”be at sth.

是固定搭配，相当于be busy with sth.或be engaged in sth.，有“忙于…”的意思。25.A 句意：所有的共产党员都应该为人民服务，而不是被人民服务。be supposed to应该；

被期望。object to反对。be subjected to遭受；承受。be opposed to反对…；与…相对。

26.A 句意：我告诉他怎么到那里，但是也许我应该给他一张地图。其中should have done

表示过去应该做某事而结果没做，通常带有抱怨或后悔的语气。must have done表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。

ought to give应当，应该，并没有抱怨或后悔的语气。

27.Ｃ句意：经过漫长的夜晚，他们是时候打开礼物盒子了。此题考察的是what引导宾语

从句，其中what在从句中作主语。

28.D 句意：圣诞节是基督教神圣的日子, 人们通常在12月25日庆祝圣诞节来纪念耶稣基

督的诞生。in honor of为纪念。in accordance with依照；与…一致。in terms of在…

方面，就…来说。in favor of有利于；支持，赞同。

29.A 句意：罪犯站在那里，双手被手铐铐着。with 复合结构做伴随状语：由“with ＋宾

语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词，过去分词等来充当。现在分词表示进行的状态，过去分词表示完成状态，“手被拷着”是一个完成状态，选A项。cuffed做hands的后置定语，with his hands cuffed作伴随状语。

30.B 句意：百科全书的新版本有许多改进之处，这是所有的编辑不懈努力的结果。embody

体现；收录。embed栽种；使嵌入。enchant使着魔。enclose围绕；装入。

PART II READING COMPREHENSION

TEXT A

31.C 通读全文，得知主要讲由于人类噪音干扰，青蛙改变叫声来求偶。全文围绕“mating

calls”展开，最后一段又指出青蛙数量下降是由于干旱，属于生存环境方面。C项正

确。

32.D 由第三段“…further away from the traffic noise and this increases the distance over which

it can be for heard,”得知青蛙改变音高是为了避免噪音干扰。

33.D 由倒数第二段“When females have a choice between two mal es calling, …So, the bigger

frogs tend to call lower,”可知体型大的青蛙叫声更低，更能吸引异性。D项指出低频率叫声有着特殊的物理意义，即青蛙的体型差异。所以D项真确。

34.D considerably位于最后一段句首，作为副词修饰drop。该句意思是自从Parris开始她

的研究后，墨尔本的青蛙数量下降…。B项“直接地”，C项“认真地”明显不符合题意。由最后一段最后一句知十年干旱期间，池塘的数量越来越少，可知青蛙数量下降有一个过程，不是突然的，因此A项错误。

35.B 第一段提到“Traffic noise and other sounds of city life, such as air conditioners and

construction noise,”可知A项是各种噪音中的两种，因此A不全面。D项“池塘数量的减少是由于干旱”不是根本原因。C项“求偶叫声频率的改变是青蛙面对噪音干扰的反应”，不是其数量减少的原因。B项正确。

TEXT B

36.A 定位至第一段句首“A closer observer of the small screen once called it a “vast wasteland

of violence,”“一个对电视进行过仔细观察的人曾称它为…”得知“它”指的是电视。

A项正确。

37.D A项过于笼统，是对全文主旨的概括。B项“表明电视内容产生了新的变化”意思正

确，但不是作者提及Lady Chatterley’s Lover的根本原因。由第三段开头“such changing standards”知“这些变化的标准”指的就是第二段提到的内容。C项不能从文中找到根据，文章提到电视内容涉及暴力和性爱，但并没说人们已经接受了这些。

38.B mask是“掩盖，掩饰”的意思。第三段意思为：这种变化的标准影响了人们对电视

的看法，而且掩盖了其对于发展中国家的更广泛的影响。

39.B 由第四段最后一句“As the popularity of the soaps grew, birth rates fell”可知肥皂剧的

发展使出生率下降，A项正确。由第六段“Television appears to have more power to reduce youth drug use”可知电视对于减少青少年吸毒现象更有效，C项正确。由倒数第二段“Television can also improve health”可知看电视能提高人们的健康水平，D项正确。

B项没有提及。

40.A 由第四段“To illustrate its effects, Kenny cites the case of Brazil”可知作者借用巴西为

例解释电视对于发展中国家的影响。接下来作者从电视对于巴西出生率、青少年吸毒现象、健康水平的影响进行分述，可知全文主旨就是电视对于发展中国家的影响。A 项正确。B项“人们开始接收更多信息”，和C项“电视打开了人们的视野”，都属于电视对人们的影响，不全面。D项没有提及。

TEXT C

41.D dark是湖的客观特征，不是女主人公对它的感觉。alone和free 是女主人公自身的感

受。D项“柔软的”，是女主人公对湖水的感觉。

42.A 从第一段“It took her away from the noisy, squawkish world of the cat-walk”中“catwalk”

猫步，模特步可知女主人公是个模特。

43.D 第三段中，由boredom, frustration, slavery, breakdown, doubting her own sanity一系列

词语得出女主人公对过去的名誉声望感到厌倦、沮丧、奴役、绝望，甚至怀疑自己是否神智清醒。confined 受限制的，与slavery对应。fed up“厌倦的”与boredom对应。

agitated“焦虑的；表现不安的”与doubting her own sanity对应。D项“受到鼓励的”，不符合题意。

44.B 文中对景物的描写“The lake, the trees, the cottage.”是为了突出安静自由的氛围，而

不是景色的美丽，A项错误。D项“她可能会遇到一个陌生人”，错误。因为当时她还没有遇到文中提到的陌生男子。Ｃ项为干扰项，女主人公想逃离的是模特界喧嚣的生活，而不是整个社会，C项错误。由第二段“She felt at peace. Alone. Unhindered and free.

Free to do nothing but watch and listen and dream.”和第四段“But here everything was at peace”可知女主人公真正想要的是内心的平静，B项正确。

45.D 由文中描写男子的词语“haggard”、“the sadness in his dark eyes”、“with a certain

bitterness in his eyes hopelessness in his form”分别标明这个男人憔悴，痛苦，绝望。

D项“显眼的”在原文没有体现。

TEXT D

46.B 第三段最后一句指出，鸡蛋等食物可能对过敏体质的人造成严重破坏，并没有说人人

都是如此。B项错误。

47.A 由第六段“the enzyme that does so—lactase—stops being produced when the person is

between two and five years old.”可知人在2至5岁之间，体内消化乳糖的酶——乳糖酶就停止分泌了。由此可知enzyme是由人体产生的一种激素。

48.A 由第六段可知，“lact o se”是一种乳糖，“lact a se”是人体内消化乳糖的酶，当人在2至5

岁之间“lact a se”停止分泌的时候，正常人则不能消化“lact o se”。由此推断，lactase是分解lactose所必需的，A项正确。

49.C “In Europe, a single genetic change.. with it a big survival advantage.”意思是“在欧洲，

单一的基因改变与乳糖耐受性联系密切，而且使人们拥有更大的生存优势。”A项太绝对，B项不符合原文意思。D项以偏概全，文中并没有说欧洲人比其他所有人种都具有生存优势。

50.C 文章开头指出人在成年后还能喝牛奶是很奇妙的。接着解释为什么这一现象是不正常

的。进而说明是因为基因突变导致。综上所述，选C项。

TEXT E

51. A body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court

of law.

52. He asked Jim to persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for

mercy to their statement that they consider him guilty.

53. He managed to persuade the jury to recommend mercy by tiring them out.

54. It took them five hours.

55. Jim is the biggest fool, because he should have agreed with the other members of the jury to

find George not guilty.

PART III WRITING [60 MIN] (30 POINTS)

Plagiarism in Graduation Thesis

Plagiarism is intellectual theft. It occurs when an individual submits or presents the oral or written work of another person as his or her own. Failing to properly cite the work of another also constitutes plagiarism, even if it is accidental. It is defined in dictionaries as the "wrongful appropriation," "close imitation" of another author’s "language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions," and the representation of them as one's own original work.

Plagiarism is prevalent among the students in China when writing a graduation thesis. It can be called a national scandal. When given English-language writing assignments, it is common for Chinese students to rely upon translating Chinese sources into English and passing it off as their

own work, or simply copying and pasting directly from Wikipedia.In general, in China there is a kind of climate of temptation to use other people's work and put your name on it. No one condemns you for it. This is really a dangerous situation which can has serious consequences.

Plagiarism is not a crime per se but is disapproved more on the grounds of moral offence, and cases of plagiarism can involve liability for copyright infringement. China's universities will be the source of much of the brainpower propelling China to a higher development level. But problems endemic to China's higher education system, specifically plagiarism and the lack of academic integrity will render this journey quite difficult. Understanding why plagiarism and a lack of academic integrity are embedded in the Chinese higher education system is important for understanding why China will find it difficult to take its economic growth to the next level.

So we must try our best to prevent plagiarism from happening. From a student’s perspective, all their school life they have been taught to copy and memorize. To then be placed in a different environment where they have to cite sources and generate unique viewpoints, is a radical change. Here are some tips for the students. If you use someone else's ideas, you should cite the source. If the way in which you are using the source is unclear, make it clear. If you received specific help from someone in writing the paper, acknowledge it. From a humanistic perspective Chinese students need to be treated less as robotic study machines and more as unique individual minds.

There is a lot needing work and it requires a holistic approach to combat plagiarism.