proposal格式
Research Proposal
1.Research Background
简单陈述选题的原因和研究的背景（前人已做的研究，此研究的意义和价值）2.Project Objective
研究拟达到的目标
3.Research Methods
计划使用的研究方法，同时陈述使用这些方法的可行性
4.Project Process
简单陈述计划的研究过程
PROPOSAL一般要包括：研究的项目(research project)，研究的目的(research aim)研究的方法methodology（理论根据theoretical base，实验case study，数据分析，data analysis等）要注意表达的精确性和逻辑性。句子不要太复杂。
格式要简洁，象提纲一样（大标题，小标题）。一般A4两页即可。当然因为你对要做的课题不可能很了解，可将前两项多写。
Research Proposal 的模板、写作建议以及样本 计算机
Research Proposal N.Mavaddat Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western Australia Crawley,W.A.6009 navid@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3316638122.html,.au April2002 A.Proposed Study 1.Title Automatic Determination of Vanishing Points and Geometric Cues for Single View Recti?cation and Metrology. 2.Contribution From a single two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional object or scene it is possible to extract substantial information about the original object or even partially reconstruct the image of the object from a di?erent viewing angle.[4]This has many applications in the?elds of architecture, archaeology,forensic science and many others.This analysis can provide,in the case of metrology, measurement of the original scene,and in the case of recti?cation,the necessary information to construct a virtual model of the scene.A critical part of the analysis process is to accurately identify attributes of interest. One such attribute of interest are the‘vanishing points’of a scene.These are de?ned as points at which the extensions of parallel lines appear to converge in the perspective view of the image. In practice the detection of the vanishing points is made by visual inspection of the image and is both cumbersome and not very accurate.An automatic method of the vanishing point detection would eliminate the subjective inspection of the image and expedite the process. In my Honours project I was able to advance a method for automatic detection of the vanish-ing points through the combination of image analysis techniques and projective geometry.The method was successfully applied to the detection of the vanishing points for several images and reconstruction of images from di?erent perspectives.However,the above method can only be readily implemented when there are su?cient straight lines in the image that can be detected by computational methods and their convergence point determined.In general the two-dimensional images may contain none or a very few straight lines.Hence the proposed method has to be much improved and augmented to be a useful tool for practical applications.The attributes of interest are not con?ned to vanishing points.Other attributes such a horizon lines are also useful for single view image analysis.These attributes have yet to be explored and their detection processes automated.Further work includes the development of prototypes for proposed applications of single view metrology and recti?cation. In addition to vanishing points,other geometrical cues can greatly assist the accuracy and feasi-bility of single view metrology.These geometrical cues include determination of right angles and
Research_proposal 格式
How to write a research proposal You are to write a research proposal of about 2000 words, maximum 8 type-written pages (including figures and tables), double-spaced. Fonts should be set at 12-point. Objectives The idea behind this research proposal is I would like to see whether you are able to identify outstanding issues that more research could help to clarify. Writing the proposal will then help you achieve four important objectives: (1) to expand your knowledge of cognitive neuroscience by focusing on two areas that are of particular interest to you, (2) to further develop your skills as a critical reader of psychological research, and (3) to develop your scientific writing skills. General Requirements In this research proposal, you are asked to demonstrate your ability to integrate information across topics covered in the course. In the proposal, you should critically review two areas of cognitive neuroscience and then propose an experiment that would help to address an integrative question or issue. Choose any two sections from the course outline, such as Attention and Memory, and discuss how they are (or might be) related. For example, you might want to discuss the role of attention in memory. Alternatively, you might wish to discuss some general principles of cortical organization, such as modularity and central processing, and how they apply to two different areas you have studied. I guess you will find that there are a great number of potential topics you could pick. The best way would be to take something that interests you. You should then try to define what you picked narrowly. You need not deal with the entire topic area (e.g., all of language, all of perception), but choose smaller, more manageable topic (e.g., perception of living things and spatial attention; the function of the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). If you define your topic too generally there will simply be too much relevant research, making it very difficult to decide which the most relevant papers are. Required sections of the proposal The proposal must contain the following sections: Title page – Abstract – Introduction – Methods – Predicted Results – References. ? Title page ? Abstract: One (1) paragraph that briefly describes the area of interest and the research question that will be addressed in the proposal. Put the abstract on a separate page, immediately following the title page. ? Introduction: This section should describe the research area and findings from previous studies. Write in a goal-directed manner. By this I mean you will eventually be proposing some experiment in your proposal. Therefore, the literature review should be designed so that it discusses an issue or question that needs to be addressed in that area and provides a rationale for your proposed study. Moreover, you should structure your Introduction so that the motivation for your proposal becomes clear. To achieve that you should begin with a relatively big issue and then focus down to the specific issue you are interested in, highlighting the aspects of previous research (e.g. some methodological flaw in previous approaches) that your proposal is meant to address. By the end of the Introduction the reader should have a very good idea of what the central issue of your proposal will be. Your Introduction should reference at least three research articles (see the section about references). (Maximum length of the Introduction: 3 double-spaced pages).
英文Proposal 范文
To: College of Business Administration Dean’s Office From: Zihao Fu Subject: A Proposal for setting up a food truck beside the new business building Introduction As the construction began in September, the new business building is finally coming to us. Taking up 140,00 square feet of space the building will have one 250-person lecture hall, three tiered 80-person classrooms, thirteen 50-person classrooms, three 50-station computer labs and many other features. This is definitely exciting for students, as they will be enjoying the business education in a fresh environment with brand new facilities. Faculties should also be pleased with bigger and brighter offices. The new business building can also work as an attraction that appeals to potential future K-State students. Since this is still a very early stage of the construction, it is still feasible for us to add more practical features to the building to better dealing with potential problems. Meanwhile the proposal can also increase the overall attractiveness of College of Business. Problem Description In the blueprint of the new business building we could see that a coffee shop is included. However, having only one coffee shop may not be sufficient. At a round 11 o’clock to 1 o’clock is the “peak hours” f or lunch. Long-winded lines are very common in Union’ food court, Einstein Bros Bagels as well as Derby Dining Center. It is hard to imagine a coffee shop with limited capacity can serve the whole business school, which has the biggest amount of undergraduate students in the university, efficiently. Taking a close look at the campus map I could not help but notice that the new business building is located at the Southeast side of the campus and seems to be alienated from other major buildings. With only one dining facility near the building can result in students who are taking classes at noon in the building has very limited choice for lunch. In addition, they will have to walk a long way to other dining facilities around the campus. Some other students might decide not to have lunch due to the intense schedule and the tiring long way. However, the lacking of essential nutrition and energy intake can cause really negative impact on students’ brain function. The lacking of concentration and reduce students’ attention in class, which ultimately affects their academic performance. Hence, I am proposing a solution to the problem.
bec proposal范文
May 21,2013 Dear Mr.Michael James, Re:Application for Most Improved Organisation Award I am writing to apply for the Most Improved Award which I have seen advertised in "China Daily" of Monday 14th April 2013. We are LDs Car Ltd Company.Our headquarter is located in No.569,Yuelu Road,Yuelu District,Changsha,Hunan,China.And we have 40 branches,13 in China and the other 27 branches in US,UK,Australia and Canada respectively.We are specialize in producing user-friendly cars in the world.Although our company has 50 years long history,being considered as traditional car brand,we never stop the step by developing new technologies and updating our products in coincide with up-to-date technology.Innovation and Low-Carbon Concept are new corporate philosophy. Last year,our research and development department designed a new model car which is called "Solar Powered Auto".This new model car has a attractive appearance and comfortable interior layout.The most breaking point is that we use solar energy rather than traditional petrol to power car itself.Thus we have built a important landmark in the car field. Through our promotion we have tried in the Chinese market ,we can easily find that the district economy has considerably improved due to the fact that our new products had increased the domestic consumption.Also,the feedback of field surveys from our customers shows that most of them satisfied with the environment-friendly cars. If we can win this award,we will make full use of the prize money to benefit our staff.Basically,the cash gifts will be given to those highly hardworking employees.We will also offer sticky rewards ,such as an all-expense-paid trip for an employee and his or her spouse,physical health check-ups,memberships or discounts on membership fees at health clubs and fitness centers and so on. With this great improvement our business has made,I believe that our company is totally qualified for this award. In the meantime,if you require any further information about our company,please do not hesitate to call me.My phone number is 342566658.I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely,
Project Proposal 项目建议书 英文 模板
Proposal for Junior Achievement Project Yanqin Fu Xiaoping Hu South Westfalia University of Applied Science
Table of Contents Executive Summary (1) Statement of Need (2) Project Description (4) Project Evaluation (7) Budget (8) Organization Profile (12) Timeline (13) Conclusion (14) Appendices (15)
Executive Summary With the fast growth of college graduate population, it is more and more difficult for students to find a job. Under this circumstance, setting up new businesses is becoming an effective way out. The government of China is laying great effort to encourage students to start up businesses. “Booming private capital is key to overall economic development”, says Prime Ministry Wen Jiabao. However, the lack of knowledge and experience is setting obstacles for the students. Therefore, we need urgently to strengthen students’ability in doing business. This proposal aims at introducing how the organization “Brilliant” plans to carry out the project of fostering entrepreneurship of college students in Hangzhou, and asking for a fund of 833,000 yuan to support the project.
英语proposal范文
Introduction This proposal sets out to examine options for the successful globalization of our ‘Borders’ brand. The initial market under consideration is Continental Europe. For the purposes of this proposal, we will be considering three aspects of the brand, namely our logo, the ‘Borders’ concept and finally, the product itself, ‘Borders’ wellington boots. Findings The following points summarise our key findings. ?It was found that our existing logo, a pair of wellington boots encircled by the word ‘Borders’, is visual enough to be used in markets where English is not widely spoken. ?Attitudes to outerwear differ throughout Europe and our boots are likely to appeal to different market sectors in different countries. This has serious implications for the benefits we wish to publicise. Although Danish farmers would be willing to purchase such a high quality, product, farmers in some countries would be unlikely to choose a British brand over a domestic product. However, the very Britishness of the product would appeal to the style-conscious elements of the French and Italian markets, summoning up images of the English upper classes and country houses. ?Our current product is multi-purpose and as such would not need adapting to suit different sectors of the European market.
Proposal模板
Project Title Team Leader: Members: Project Time In troducti on: Stateme nt of Problem Project Objectives Project Plan s(Acti ons &Man ageme nt) Feasibility(Capability&Cost) Schedule Example 1: (Note: It ' s only an example. There are three rows in the table,
but defi nitely, you may add more lines to it. And duri ng the same period, differe nt people may work on differe nt tasks in stead of all the people doing the same thing. Please refer to the 2 nd table.) Example 2: Con clusi on Refere nces Prepari ng Stage for a Proposal Project scope -A developme nt(bike,car,airpla ne,ship,robot) -A mecha ni cal desig n(tool,system,toy) -An improveme nt of a mecha ni cal product -A prototype of an inven ti on -An engin eeri ng research Choose model
开题报告：Research Proposal格式
https://www.360docs.net/doc/3316638122.html, 专业的论文在线写作平台 开题报告：Research Proposal格式 【编者按】：编者在此为您提供各类开题报告范文参考，以及开题报告写作指导和格式排版要求，解决您在开题报告写作中的难题。 researchproposal格式 本站是专业的留学生论文指导网，曾经为大量留学生提供过researchproposal的写作服务，以下是一个researchproposal 格式范文，仅供参考，需要原创的researchproposal可以联系我们,qq1422600067。 applicant’sname: proposedtopic/titleofresearch: background: (pleaseprovidebackgroundmaterialthatexplainsthemotiv ationforandaimsandobjectivesofyourproposedstudy,outline thetheoreticalframeworkthatformsthebasisofyourresearch, andspecifytheresearchquestion(s)youintendtoinvestigate. ) methodology: (pleasegivedetailsofsubjects,datacollectionprocedure s,proposeddataanalysisandthestatisticalapproachyouinten dtoadopt,ifapplicable.) outcomesandvalue: (pleaseindicatetheexpectedoutcomesofyourresearchandt
研究计划-Research-Proposal-模板
每个学术研究者必须经历的一道关卡，就是的写作。它大致对应中文里的“开题报告”、“选题报告”、“研究报告”，是一项研究开始之前的提纲、规划和陈述；既是为了帮助自己梳理文献、整理思路、廓清方向，也常常是写给相关他人的说明：研究动机和意义 何在？可能有何成果？为什么它值得你的资助/认可/支持/批准？不知道是否可以说， 好的是研究成功的一半。但实际而功利的说，如果你的很烂，可能根本就不会有开始 研究的机会。 a ? 能否写出漂亮的，本质上取决于你对研究的思考深度和专业水准。但形式也很重要。 英文的自有一套“八股”。程式化和结构化的好处就在于，可以让读者直接集中注意到 最本质的内容上，而不是为形式分神。对于非英语的我们，如何理解英文学术世界的规范或曰思维定势，也是写作之前必备的背景知识。下面这篇流传甚广的写作指南，言简意赅，颇具启发，对我自己的写作有所帮助，也希望能给更多的学界同仁带来便利。[点击这里，查看更多关于以及、写作的网上资源] 文章作者 T. P. , ., . ( , . , , ). 题为： a . 全文转载如下： a , . , ’s a ’s . . A , , , a . A a . , a . , : , . , a , . , . A . , , . . : . , , “ . . .” . a , . , , . ’s , . : a 300 . , , ( ), . , , . : . . a , , . , a , . , . A , . , a “” , . , a . , . , “ ” . , .
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聊一聊博士申请中关于proposal的那些事儿
有意向申请博士的同学，proposal是不可少的材料，但是很多同学貌似对proposal不只很了解，今天小编就为大家科普下关于Proposal到底是个什么鬼! 是什么? proposal就是博士研究课题和计划～这么讲，好像还是很抽象呢～仔细来说，博士是完全不同于授课型研究生的一种存在，没有课程设置，没有考试，没有论文题目。那读博要干什么呢?问的好，proposal就是解释申请人读博要做什么的。总而言之，就是读博课题和计划的解释汇总。 怎么写? 虽然听起来很抽象，然后不同的学校，要求也有所不同，但是proposal也有一个道内人，公认的大致结构。 1.研究课题(research question)其实就是题目了，就是几万字博士毕业论文的题目了。真是套了个小马甲，就立马高大上起来了呢。 2.文献综述(literature review)文献综述就是对前人研究的总结，申请人研究课题相关领域的重要理论和大咖们的idea。 3.研究方法(research method)研究方法有很多种，不同的选题，适合的研究方法也不一致，但常见的有问卷调查和访问。为了得出此课题的独家结论，研究方法少不了呢～只读前人的文章，可是得不出全新的原创的结论呢。
tips：对于不同学校不同要求，应该怎样应对呢?按最苛刻的要求来写，比如说有的学校要求5000字，还有的要求3000字，那么自然要按照5000字来写，完成之后，删减内容，即可申请不同学校啦。 相关要求? 1.研究课题：要求是独立原创，而且是前人没有研究过的视角。 2.文献综述：文献综述自然是能多广泛就多广泛，能多深入就多深入，而且critical thinking不能少啦。 3.研究方法：要两种以上研究方法，一种定量研究，一种定性。 tips：虽然proposal各方面要求都比master论文要求，但是有一点跟master论文是一样滴，都是reference越多越好啦。说起来都是费时间和脑子的技术活，各位想读博的同学们辛苦啦。 论proposal与套瓷的关系：妯娌不分家 咱们现在说说怎么在写proposal之时，怎样和导师沟通，套瓷于无形。此战略分为撒网群捞，重点培养，移花接木三个阶段。 1.撒网群捞当然是和心仪的导师们，注意是们，发邮件，说明自己的来意，简单介绍下选题。此阶段适合群发，因为申请人的选题未必在导师的研究领域，就算是在，有的导师可能研究任务重，或者学生较多，无力接受新的学生。 2.重点培养经过一轮的邮件轰炸，相信同学们已经有了几个固定联系的老师。此时，一定要保持定点定时邮件联系，无病呻吟找一些看似有深度，不易自己解决的问题，询问老师。这样即完善了自己的想法，丰富了proposal，又给导师留下了深刻的印象呢。 3.移花接木此阶段，同学们已经有了相对比较完整的关于proposal的设想。一旦完成之后proposal之后，同学们可以把能申请的和不能申请的学校都神了，不用仅局限于事先联系好的老师和学校，等待那个最perfect的offer。但是，此举不推荐给所有的同学。 因为不厚道(汗)。正经的，之前联系好了的老师，已经相互了解，有比较好的磨合了。小编私以为导师适合最重要，当然也要看具体权衡了。
Proposal 模板
Project Title Team Leader: Members: Project Time Introduction: Statement of Problem Project Objectives Project Plans(Actions &Management) Feasibility(Capability&Cost) Schedule lines to it. And during the same period, different people may work on different tasks instead of all the people doing the same thing. Please refer to the 2nd table.)
Example 2: Conclusion References
Preparing Stage for a Proposal Project scope -A model development(bike,car,airplane,ship,robot) -A mechanical design(tool,system,toy) -An improvement of a mechanical product -A prototype of an invention -An engineering research Choose is small and management is somewhat novel does not duplicate existing products search the web for possible competitors
商务写作例文 proposal
Writing Your company exports to a number of countries around the world and is looking for a new agent for international freight. The Export Sales Manager has asked you to write a proposal saying which agent you recommend. Read the two advertisements below, on which you have already made some notes. Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your proposal for the Export Sales Manager. Write 120-140 words on a separate sheet. Globelink 25 years ’ experience in sea freight - worldwide destinations - Air freight also available -All documentation provided Competitive rates – quotes available on request Tel: 0208 344 879 FTD Shipping Agents Freight agents to many major ports -Refrigerated shipping -containers available -No quantity too small Contact Martin Taylor on 0207 234 5678 for further information and details of charges May need for urgent orders They complete all custom forms – FTD don ’t Mainly in Europe A bit higher than Globelink Could be useful for small orders