2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲

(非英语专业)(2018年版)

I.考试性质

英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目,其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力,评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平,以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平,并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.考查目标

考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能:

(一)语言知识

1.语法知识

考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求,其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习,以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇

考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录1、2)。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外,考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系,如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系,如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识,如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程,它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。

此外,全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。考虑到交际的需要,考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇,以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

(二)语言技能①

1.阅读

考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%),还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。对所选材料,考生应能:

1)理解主旨要义;

2)理解文中的具体信息;

3)理解文中的概念性含义;

4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;

5)根据上下文推测生词的词义;

6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;

7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;

8)区分论点和依据。

2.写作

考生应能写不同类型的应用文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等,以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时,考生应能:

1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确,用词恰当;

2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;

3)合理组织文章结构,使其内容统一、连贯;

4)根据写作目的和特定作者,恰当选用语域。②

①考生应能掌握的语言技能包括听、说、读、写四种能力。但是由于听力能力和口语能力的考查在复试中进行,因此这里只列出读和写两种技能。

②指在书面和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象,所采用的话语方式,即正式、一般、非正式的话语。

Ⅲ.考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构

(一)考试形式

考试形式为笔试。考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分。

试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。考生应将1~45题的答案按要求涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上,将46~52题的答案书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。

(二)考试内容

试题分三部分,共52题,包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。

第一部分英语知识运用

该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度,而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分。

在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白,要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案,使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

第二部分阅读理解

该部分由A、B、C三节组成,考查考生理解书面英语的能力。共30小题,每小题2分,共60分。

A节(20小题):主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义,进行有关的判断、推理和引申,根据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。要求考生根据所提供的4篇(总长度约为1600词)文章的内容,从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。

B节(5小题):主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本部分有3种备选题型。每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查。

备选题型有:

1)本部分的内容是一篇总长度为500~600词的文章,其中有5段空白,文章后有6~7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。

2)在一篇长度为500~600词的文章中,各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落(7~8个)重新排序,其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已经给出。

3)在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6~7段文字或6~7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。要求考生根据文章内容,从这

6~7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。

C节(5小题)①:主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个画线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺。

第三部分写作

该部分由A、B两节组成,主要考查考生的书面表达能力。共30分。

A节:考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。共10分。

B节:考生根据提示信息写出一篇160~200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。共20分。

①硕士研究生入学考试将英译汉试题作为阅读理解的一部分,其目的是测试考生根据上下文准确理解概念或复杂结构并用汉语正确予以表达的能力。

(三)试卷结构

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一、

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2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语Ⅲ卷 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40 分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分30 分) A Welcome to Holker Hall & Garden Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester-- l hour 30minutes By rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening times Sunday-Friday(closed on Saturday) 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: £12.00 £8.00 Gropes: £9.00 Special Events Producers Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening. National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. 21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D. 90 minutes. 22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens? A. £12.00. B. 9£.00. C. £8.00 D. £5.50 23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garden Festival C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market B Cities, usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped

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2018年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅱ卷) 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents / carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalized, parents / carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.

21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. B Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful an d sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃),

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2018年研究生入学考试英语(二)试题 SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one. Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’

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