2014年考研英语《长难句》
考研英语备考指南高学网教学研发中心出品
长难句
一、长难句特点与对策
句子是考生阅读和理解文章的最小单位，也是阅读题目考查的最小单位。因此，能否驾驭句子（尤其是长难句）是阅读理解部分成败的关键；同时，它也是英译汉翻译题中常出现的考查难点。对于考生来说，长难句是考卷中得分较难的一部分。
长难句，顾名思义，其特点主要表现在两个方面：其一是句子成分长，其二是句子结构复杂。
句子成分主要包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语、状语、同位语。其中主语、谓语、宾语、表语是句子的主干，定语、补语、状语、同位语是句子的枝叶。句子主干用于表达主要意思，而枝叶用于修饰主干，使意思表达得更精确、明了。少量长句是因为主干成分长，但大多数都是“枝繁叶茂”的句子，即修饰主干的枝叶成分长而复杂。这些修饰成分可能是词、短语或从句，一个套一个连用，形成迂回曲折，层见叠出的长句结构。
对于长句的理解可分两步走：一、削去枝蔓，找出主干。英语长句呈树式结构，虽然复杂，但主干突出。因此，只要我们将错综交叉的枝叶剪去，将各种修饰成分暂放一边，就能找到主干。这是理解整个句子的关键所在。二、条分缕析，理清关系。找出句子主干后，考生就要开始分析句中的修饰成分，仔细观察其内部结构，弄清各修饰成分与中心词之间的语法关系和逻辑关系；最后，跳脱出来，从整体上理解长句。
除了修饰成分长，长难句的结构复杂还因为使用了诸如省略、隔离、倒装等特殊结构以及一些特殊句式。
二、长难句句式类型
下面总结了应掌握的英语句式类型，建议考生在备考阶段将英语语言中的长、难句进行系统学习，梳理英语的句法结构，对英语句子结构的分析解读能力有质的飞跃，为阅读、翻译、写作乃至整个英语能力的提升打下坚实的基础。
1. 句之长
1.1 形容词性从句
1.1.1限制性
1.1.2 非限制性
1.2名词性从句
1.2.1主语从句
1.2.2宾语从句
1.2.3表语从句
1.2.4同位语从句
1.3状语从句
1.3.1时间状语从句
1.3.2原因状语从句
1.3.3地点状语从句
1.3.4结果及目的状语从句
1.3.5条件状语从句
1.3.6让步状语从句
1.3.7方式状语从句
1.3.8比较状语从句
1.4并列
1.5从句嵌套
2. 句之难
2.1倒装
2.1.1完全倒装
2.1.2部分倒装
2.2强调
2.2.1词汇手段
2.2.2句式手段
2.3省略
2.4否定
2.4.1部分否定
2.4.2全部否定
2.4.3双重否定
2.5虚拟
2.5.1 if引导
2.5.2 that从句
2.5.3 It is quite/about/high time (that) 句型
2.5.4 would rather引导
2.5.5 wish引导
2.5.6 as if/as though引导
2.5.7 情态动词+have done
2.6非谓语动词
2.7独立主格结构
2.7.1名词+非谓语动词
2.7.2名词+形容词/副词/介词短语
2.7.3 with+名词+非谓语动词
2.7.4 with+名词+形容词/副词/介词短语
2.8插入语
2.8.1形容词及形容词短语
2.8.2副词及副词短语
2.8.3介词短语
2.8.4非谓语动词（动词-ing形式）
2.8.5非谓语动词（动词不定式to do）
2.8.6短句
2.8.7从句
三、长难句实战演练
1. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
分析：这个句子的难点在多个从句的嵌套。宾语从句内部嵌套了一个时间状语从句，时间状语从句内部又嵌套了定语从句。
参考译文：但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识的培养新习惯时，我们会在大脑中同时生成相应的路线，甚至生成全新的脑细胞，这些脑细胞会使我们的思路转入新的创新轨道。
2. There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time
for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits, etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar are always granted them.
分析：这个句子考察的主要是并列结构和比较结构。
参考译文：处理病人最快的方法就是病人要什么药就给什么药。此外，由于卫生部门的大部分医务人员都工作过去劳累，几乎抽不出时间向病人提供既费时间又不太受欢迎的关于饮食限制、生活规律、克服不良习惯等的忠告，病人得到的差不多总是一些瓶瓶罐罐而已。
3.For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80's, down-shifting in the mid 90's is not so much a search for the mythical good life-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one-as a personal recognition of your limitations.
分析：介词短语做范围状语，比较结构, 分割结构（插入语），并列
参考译文：对于我们这一代女性来说，整个80年代我们曾被迫忙碌的生活，而90年代中期的简朴生活与其说是寻求神话般的美好生活——自己种有机蔬菜以及试图天人合一——倒不如说我们都认识了自身的局限。
4. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
分析：这个句子考察的主要是分割结构（分词）和强调句型
参考译文：因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
5.Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday paradise entirely within one's own command and keeping, but the means of escape from holiday hell are there, outside-or, as likely, part of-the tent.
分析：倒装
参考译文：不仅到达假日天堂的工具完全处于自我掌握之中，而且逃离假日地狱的工具也触手可及，就在帐篷外面或者很可能就是帐篷的一部分。
6. Only through the develpoment of local skill and competence, through increased numbers of providers and users of knowledge, can the developing countries bridge the gap separating them from developed countries.
分析：倒装
参考译文：只有通过培养当地的技能和能力，通过增加知识提供者和使用者的数量，发展中国家才能缩短和发达国家的差距。
7. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
分析：分词做后置定语，分割结构
参考译文：在过去的30 年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。
8. Professor Ronald Bracewell, a leading American radio astronomer, argued in Nature that such a superior civilization, on a visit to our own solar system, may have left an automatic messenger behind to await the possible awakening of an advanced civilization.
分析：分割结构（同位语；介词短语）；宾语从句
参考译文：罗纳德.布雷斯维尔教授，一位顶级的美国射电天文学家，在《自然》杂志
上提出了这样的观点：假如有如此高明的文明生物访问了我们的太阳系，很可能会在离开太阳系时留下自动化信息装置，等待先进文明的苏醒。
9. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory.
分析：并列；分词
参考译文：它的发展丝毫没有考虑到操作机器的人的真正性质，也根本没有考虑工厂强加在人们身上的人为生存方式对个人及其后代所产生的影响。
10. Those planning a trip to remote areas, or intending to live in countries where drinking water is not readily available, should know about the various possible methods for making water safe.
分析：分词，定语从句
参考译文：那些计划去偏远地方旅行，或在饮用水不现成的国家居住的人，应该知道使水适于饮用的各种方法。
2017年考研英语(一)考试大纲全方位解读
2017年考研英语（一）考试大纲全方位 解读 在同学们的千呼万唤中，《2017全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）考试大纲》终于与同学们见面了，现根据2017年考研英语大纲的内容，与2016年考研英语大纲对比，对2017年考研英语的考查要求和考查题型进行全面分析。 从语言知识来看，与2016年大纲相比，2017年大纲没有实质变化，大纲中明确要求“考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。”这种具体要求主要体现在对词汇的微观掌握和记忆上：词汇基本知识（词性、词形、本义和引申义等）；词际关系（同义词、反义词、形近词，动词与介词、动词与副词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等词汇搭配关系）；词汇“背景”（词源、词根、词干、词缀）。针对考纲要求，在于提醒考生避免单词的死记硬背，要活学活用。各位考生完全可以继续按照既定的复习思路备考，但是要特别注意英语作为一门语言，运用是考查的最终目的。 就语言技能而言，与2016年大纲相比，2017年大纲没有任何变化，继续突出阅读和写作的重要性，关于阅读，强调“考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%）”；关于写作，则强调考生“应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章（实际就是应用文和图画作文）”，同时明确了阅读和写作的考查能力要求。总的来说，上述语言知识和语言技能仍然是研究生入学英语考试的主要测评目标。 当然，在这里有必要题型广大考生一个细微的变化点在于，去年的考纲中只给出了2009——2010年真题及客观题对应的正确选项，主观题翻译给出了参考译文，而写作部分未给出范文，但在今年的考纲中就每道题的考查点、难度系数、作答思路给出了详细的分析，尤其是写作部分给出了高分作文的范文，这给同学们的提示是我们在复习时更应能明确得把握出易考点，题目的难度分布特点、尤其是在主观题部分怎样按照考纲的要求使自己的作答接近满分的要求。 对比往年考点，接下来根据2017大纲，为大家全面解析2017年考研英语的各个具体题型的总体要求： 完形填空 完形填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查，这是对完形填空的定位。透过大纲可以看出对完形填空考核的重点：语法、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系。考生可从历年真题中按照这几大重点去准备和复习有关考研完形填空方面的知识点，这样可以做到事半功倍的效果。
2014年考研英语一真题完整版答案解析
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” ___3___ seemingly innocent, th is loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.
2014年考研英语一真题答案
2014年考研英语一真题答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that ther e’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___. The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2. [A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses
2017考研英语阅读常见错误例题分析_毙考题
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2014年考研英语二真题及答案(大师兄英语版)
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have1that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually2.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an4of good health. Of even greater5is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6body mass index,or BMI.BMI7body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18to25is often considered to be normal weight.Between25and30is overweight.And over30is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10others with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players12as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a13BMI. Today we have a(an)14to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes15in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes16with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.17very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity,18in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity 19.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign20childhood obesi-ty,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat. 1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured 2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome 3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore 4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example 5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern 6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in of 7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies 8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part 9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward 10.[A]so[B]while[C]since[D]unless 11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste 12.[A]start[B]qualify[C]retire[D]stay 13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant 14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency 15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored 16.[A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated
XX年考研英语(一)大纲原文
XX年考研英语(一)大纲原文 英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。 考试形式为笔试。考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分。 试卷包括试题册和答题卡。答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。考生应将1~45题的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将46~52题的答案写在答题卡2上。 试题分三部分，共52题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。 该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。 在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。 该部分由A、B、C三节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的能力。共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。 A节(20小题)：主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义
等能力。要求考生根据所提供的4篇(总长度约为1 600词)文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。考生在答题卡1上作答。 B节(5小题)：主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本部分有3种备选题型。每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查。考生在答题卡1上作答。 1)本部分的内容是一篇总长度为500~600词的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。 2)在一篇长度约500~600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落(7~8个)重新排序，其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已经给出。 3)在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6~7段文字或6~7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。要求考生根据文章内容，从这6~7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。 该部分由A、B两节组成，主要考查考生的书面表达能力。共30分。 考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、 __、报告等。 考生在答题卡2上作答。共10分。
2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4
2014考研英语阅读理解原文之英语一text4 Illiberal Education and the 'Heart of the Matter' A new report on the humanities and social sciences misses a big reason they're in trouble. By PETER BERKOWITZ June 30, 2013 6:27 p.m. ET 'The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good. In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education." In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commission's 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism. The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st
2014年考研英语一真题及答案
2014年真题一 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s act ually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___. The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2. [A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses 3. [A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While 4. [A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure 5. [A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook
3个月教你背熟5500个考研英语大纲词汇
3个月教你背熟5500个考研英语大纲词 汇 在接触过数以百万计的考研学生中，普遍的造成大家最大困扰的就是考研英语的复习，对于多数考研学子来说，英语复习是一项艰苦的战斗，它需要时间、恒心、耐力……还有最重要的是方法!现在考研英语主要分完形、阅读、作文三大部分，当然，这些都是以词汇为基础建立的，那么，首先，我们来说说积累词汇的方法。 相信很多学生都会有这样的困惑，拿一本单词书每天看十页，可坚持不了多久，总是因为各种原因最终放弃;或者是背了忘，忘了又背，最终还是忘，很多单词书都是从a背到d，再从z倒着背到w，中间的几乎没有翻过。 到底怎么样背单词?我相信大家都有过这样的疑问，但是没有人深想下去，不是放弃了就是继续着上面徒劳无功的做法，那么如何突出怪圈重围，有质高效的进行词汇的学习?综合前面的经验，我们已经知道不停的读，不停的写，或者规定每天背20个单词背个100天都是不科学的：首先，研究生入学考试不要求你正确的读出每个单词的发音;其次，唯一需要你进行单词拼写的作文中你也很少能用到那些你认为很牛的单词;最后，每天20个单词，可能100天以后你连10%都记不住!所以，背单词说“背”，不如说是“认”单词!每个单词看久了你潜意识里都会对它的字母组合形状有感觉。 科学的单词背诵方法应该是每天至少100—200个新单词，每个单词最多观察30秒，总共花费1个小时不到的时间。但是只这1个小时是不够的，你还应该再花2个小时的时间复习昨天、前天、甚至1个星期之前观察过的单词。大家可以按照记忆曲线再结合自己的实际情况合理的安排单词背诵计划，每天坚持，不要以为很简单，也不要轻易的放弃。如果今天你确实完不成计划，那么宁愿不背新单词也要把从前背过的复习一遍!如此进行，当你完成一个背诵周期后，大部分单词就已经背诵至少4到5遍了，然而可能你只记得15%左右的单词，没有关系，从头再背。按照原来的计划，你可以以更快的速度完成新的一轮背诵，因为全部的单词你都已经看过很多遍了。当你把每个单词都观察过20遍的时候，我相信你不但看到它以后认识它，而且连它的拼写你也会莫名其妙的记住! 这样我们可以得出结论：一本5000个新单词的词汇书，完全可以在3个月内背熟。 解决了词汇问题，接下来就是最大分值部分的阅读理解的复习方法。阅读理解分为三个部分，选择题(40分)、综合填空(10分)、翻译题(10分)，阅读在考研英语中所占分量不言而喻，难怪很多同学发出这样的感慨“成也阅读，败也阅读!”意识到了阅读理解的重要性，很多同学都知道要花大力气攻克这个难关。下面，给大家几点建议希望能够有所助益。 一、记忆大纲词汇。结合第一部分介绍的词汇记忆的方法，掌握好大纲词汇，除了这些，最好还能适当记忆一些超纲词汇和高频词汇，在记忆的时候最好能够将词语放到句子文章中理解，掌握多种词义。 二、理解疑难长句。理解疑难长句，首先要把握住句子的主干框架，只有这样，才能把握住各句子成分之间的结构和逻辑关系，才可能抓住句子的核心意思。这时，即使有个别单词不认识，也不会严重影响对整个句子的基本理解。其次，要达到对疑难长句的正确理解，
2020考研英语一大纲原文
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)(2020年版) I.考试性质 英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。 II.考查目标 考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能： (一)语言知识 1.语法知识 考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。 本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。 2.词汇 考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录1、2)。 除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。 英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。 此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。 (二)语言技能 1.阅读
考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。对所选材料，考生应能： 1)理解主旨要义; 2)理解文中的具体信息; 3)理解文中的概念性含义; 4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申; 5)根据上下文推测生词的词义; 6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系; 7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度; 8)区分论点和依据。 2.写作 考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能： 1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当; 2)遵循文章的特定文体格式; 3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯; 4)根据写作目的和特定作者，恰当选用语域。 Ⅲ.考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构 (一)考试形式 考试形式为笔试。考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分。 试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。考生应将1~45题的答案按要求涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，将46~52题的答案书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。 (二)考试内容
2014年考研英语一真题及答案
Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actuall y a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, 1
2017考研英语(一)考试大纲
2017考研英语（一）考试大纲 教育部中心在2016年8月26日颁布了《2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英 语(一)考试大纲》，与去年的考纲相比，今年的考纲未进行任何调整和变化。现在基于最 新大纲和历年真题命题规律，对2017年考研英语的考查要求和试卷结构进行全面分析。 从语言知识来看，新大纲中，对词汇的掌握和去年大纲要求完全一致，“考生应能掌 握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的 词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形 容词与介词，形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。”这种 具体要求主要体现在对词汇的微观掌握和记忆上：词汇基本知识(词性、词形、本义和引 申义等);词际关系(同义词、反义词、形近词，动词与介词、动词与副词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等词汇搭配关系);词汇“背景”(词源、词根、词干、词缀)。提出这样的具体 要求，就是提醒考生避免单词的死记硬背，要活学活用。各位考生完全可以继续按照既定的复习思路备考，但是要特别注意英语作为一门语言，运用是考查的最终目的。另外，提示广大考生，2013年考纲中新增的59个单词，在2014年的考试中已经有所体现，如2014年新题型所考查的一个学科领域archaeology就是大纲新增词汇，这些新增词汇就 是备考热点词。所以这59个单词仍然是复习2017考研英语的重点。 就语言技能而言，与2016年大纲相比，2017年大纲依然突出阅读和写作的重要性。关于阅读，强调“考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过 所读材料总词汇量的3%)”;关于写作，则强调考生“应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人 和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章(实际 就是应用文和图画作文)”，同时明确了阅读和写作的考查能力要求。总的来说，上述语言 知识和语言技能仍然是研究生入学英语考试的主要测评目标。 对比往年考点，接下来根据新大纲，万学·海文为广大学子全面解析2017年考研英 语的各个题型的总体要求和备考重点： 完形填空 完形填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查，这是对完形填空的定位。透过大纲可以看出对完形填空考核的重点：语法、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系。考生可从历年真题中按照这几大重点去准备和复习有关考研完形填空方面的知识点，这样可以做到事半功倍的效果。