四六级写作及翻译技巧 - 副本

四六级写作及翻译技巧 - 副本
四六级写作及翻译技巧 - 副本

类型:

1.论说文(可能性70%)

2.谚语警句

3.图画图表

4.书信

一:写作和翻译保底原则

①.单词正确

②.语法正确

二.翻译单词不会

①.用上位词代替这个单词

②.用会的单词将这个单词解释出来

③.用这个单词的同义词或近义词替换该单词

三.写作/翻译高分原则

①.单词,语法正确、准确、多变

②.句子与句子之间只要有逻辑关系,就一定要用逻辑关系词

③.内容切题

四.常见土单词排行榜

①.think

替换: have been convinced that;

cling to the perspective that;

maintain; assert; assume

②.many

替换: multitudes of;

immense amounts of;

plentiful

③.people; we; us

替换:youngsters and teenagers;

parents; kids; businessman

④.very

替换: exceedingly; extraordinarily

⑤.important

替换:crucial; indispensable

⑥. and

替换: similarly; at the same time

五.写作中可用的满分句型

①.主语从句:(可以写在作文中任何一句话前,用来拉长句子)

显而易见:It seems universally acknowledged that...

我认为: It keeps my argument that...

②.定语从句:(满分表达是:which 引导的非限制性定语从句,可修饰前面整一句话)

... which has been widely accepted,...是显而易见的

本句型可写于作文中任何一句话后面,对前面的内容进行补充说明。

1) as every one can see it 显而易见

2) with the rapid advance of science and technology

3) in our contemporary society 目前;现在

4) in the general routine of everyday living

④.插入语

to be frank 坦白的讲

from my perspective 就我而言

⑤强调句型(作文中任何一句话均可写为强调句型)

It is ... that ...

⑥ 文章

1) 谚语警句类

第一段:引出主题+解释你对这句话的理解(1+2句)

Nowadays, there reminds an increasing interest in the topic about ...

(可变为强调句,可用插入语,自己加工)(加黄底所选单词可变)

二三句解释这段话的意义:the meaning of the saying seems that...

第二段举例

(It is)Such impressive cases stories(that)are not rare in our daily life, yet the following one is definitely typical.(黄色单词可替换)

第三段(4句话)

Under no circumstances can we...

二三句写具体措施

for one thing/for another;

on one hand/on the other hand

措施一:父母/学校/老师采取措施

措施二:个人采取措施

最后一句,喊口号!

2)图画图表类作文

第一段: 一二句主语从句引出描述图画或图表

描述图画+中心总结

第二段:原因分析或举例

第三段:与谚语警句型第三段一样

3)论说文(议论文)

第一段:引出主题(与谚语警句型第一段相同)+个人观点

第二段:举例子

第三段:同谚语警句型第三段

4)书信

(一)称呼(文中已给出)

(二)正文

第一段:自我介绍+正文目的(I am, to be frank(插入语), writing the letter in order to...)

第二段:按文中要求来写

第三段:

翻译

一:翻译概述:

一)翻译内容:中国历史、文化、经济、社会

二)文章长度: 四级(忘了...)六级180-200字

三)英汉差异对比

汉语意合,英语形合

(1)句子结构上

(2)只要上下句之间有逻辑关系就一定要用逻辑关系词

英语中常见的逻辑关系词:

①.并列关系

(见and 替换)

②.转折关系

(but替换)nevertheless; by contrast

③.因果关系

(so 替换)therefore; consequently

④.递进关系

besides; furthermore; moreover; in addition

英语多被动,汉语多主动

可插插入语

例: 在过去几十年里,政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。

various measures, in the past decades, have been taken to prevent disasters.

汉语多短句,英语多长句

把短句写成长句的三个方法

①. 非谓语动词(意思最重要的作谓语)

②. 从句

③. 逻辑关系词

四)翻译步骤

①.以意群为单位(一个句号为一个意群)读句子,是确定句子时态。

②.确定句子的主干,从而确定句型和语态。

③.先翻译主干,非主干部分通过定语、状语、同位语的方式呈现。

④.注意句子间的逻辑关系,加逻辑关系词。

四六级写作与翻译技巧

写作和翻译:实质就是汉译英:汉译英的障碍就是语法和词汇——语法:语序+嵌套 形式最重要!!!高级词汇+复杂局势+过渡衔接 字数:120~180 核心语法定语从句: A is …, which can … 身份/属性;成就和功能。 爱心:Love is a kind of emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes and how hard the way ahead will be. 替换词:friendship; knowledge; family; diligence; insisting; determination; optimism; harmony 替换词:合作精神;勤奋;友谊;家庭;坚持;决心;乐观;和谐——the greatest humanistic spirit …是我们时代的主题(the theme of our era) 流行与时尚fashionable 网络:Internet is a kind of great invention in the 20th century, which can make the peoplefar away from each other in distance closer than ever before. 空调:Air-conditioner is a kind of invention in the 20th century, which can make the temperature comfortable. 总结:主题词发出两个动作:性质+能力 看到图怎么办? 非限定性定语从句——正如这幅第一眼看上去诙谐可笑但第二眼看上去发人深省的图画生动地描述,给我印象最为深刻的显著特征是…… As is vividly depicted in the picture which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on the second thoughts, the most striking feature that impresses me profoundly is thatSpring, one of the realest men throughout the history of mankind all around the whole world that I have ever seen in my entire life, who is thebest that there ever was and the best that there ever will be, is a good teacher that is momentous and fundamental to anyone who want to win the future what the light is vital and significant to the people who desire to break through the dark,and that can support us to realize our vision and achieve our goals no matter how dark the world around us becomes and how hard the way ahead will be, because without him, we could have done nothing, including dream, success, hope and future. 预测一AHarmoniousDormitoryLife

英语四六级翻译题得分技巧

说明:翻译题目在四六级考试中占5%。为中翻英题目。 翻译题目破题通法: 1、精研2006年6月24日至2009年6月共七套新四级翻译真题,或2006年12月至2009 年6月共六套新六级翻译真题,彻底搞懂每个考点,诸多考点反复重考; 2、背熟四、六级考试核心词组; 3、掌握四、六级翻译核心语法点,如虚拟语气、倒装句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句等。 例题:请在5分钟内填空完毕。 1、Because she knew French, she (比我们有利). 2、It’s important that the librarian(确认图书按时归还). 3、The regulations doesn’t (生效) until the first of March. 4、My mother wanted me to (从事教育工作). 5、After arriving at your new university, the following may assist you in (减轻文化冲击所带来的紧张感). 1、答案:had an advantage over the rest of us 解析:1)词组:have an advantage of(比…有利) 2)时态:根据前半句的knew,此处应使用一般过去时 2、答案:make sure the books (should) be returned in time 解析:1)从句:主语从句it is important that … 2)虚拟语气:此处主语从句应使用should + 动词原形,should可以省略 3)语态:此处“按时归还”应使用被动语态be returned 4)词组:make sure(确认) 3、答案:come/go into effect 解析:词组:come/go into effect(生效)

四六级翻译5大技巧

四六级翻译的5个技巧 新东方在线 很多同学在四六级备考中会陷入这样的困惑——翻译题没有提高,也不知道怎么提高翻译的分数。新东方在线四六级教研室推出翻译题的五大做题技巧,为大家提供翻译题的做题方法。 1.在翻译前,先确定可以正确理解文章意思。即便遇到很难的说法,也可以先变成简单的中文再进行翻译。 如:年夜饭 译:The annual reunion dinner 析:指过年的那顿团圆饭,每年一次。所以在翻译时要表达出这个团聚的含义 2.注意翻译时态的转换。 如:我在第一段说过,我刚从大学毕业。 译:As I said in my first paragraph, I was fresh from college. 析:中文的时态是依赖一些汉字表达,英文根据动词的变化形式展示。文中的“过”英文采用一般过去时翻译。英语语法是英文的“骨”,语法掌握得不好的同学,可多关注新东方在线四六级推出的专项解析,一起加强英语语法。 3.有些介词可能会帮到忙,比如with+ 名词的结构,就很多见。 如:这里有许多山脉,生长着大片的森林,贮藏着丰富的矿产。 译:There are mountain ranges here with extensive forests and rich mineral resources.

析:生长和储藏这两个动词在译文中并没有以动词的形式翻译,转译为英文的介词 4.应用英语的固定句型,这些句式可以加分,绝对是亮点 如:是巴斯德发现了疾病是由活着的病菌引起的。 译:It was Pasteur who discovered that diseases are caused by living germs. 析:此句应用了英文的强调句进行翻译。 5.分析上下句之间的逻辑关系,添加一些简单的连词,英文的译文会更漂亮 如:汽油贵得惊人,我们就很少用车。 译:Because the price of gasoline was fantastically high, we seldom used our cars. 析:在原文中并没有出现表示原因类的词汇,但是在译文中根据两个句子之间的逻辑关系添加了表示原因的从句连词。 更多翻译干货,敬请关注新东方在线持续推出。

英语四级作文翻译必背50句

四六级写作、翻译必背句型 学习步骤和方法:一看二译三比四背 (一)理解并重点掌握其中的常用表达(划线部分) (二)做汉译英练习,即在不看英文的前提下把中文翻译成英语; (三)将自己的译句与原句对照; (四)默写并口头背诵英语原句 特别提醒: 最好要制订进度计划,即具体每天理解和背诵多少个新句,复习多少个旧句。 1. According to a recent survey, each year four million people die from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 2. The latest surveys show that quite a lot of students have unpleasant associations with homework. 最近的调查显示相当多的学生对家庭作业没什么好感。 3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation. 越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。 6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifelong course. 说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终身的过程。 7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and great efforts should be made to protect local environment from the harmful effects of international tourism. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrant workers will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrant workers have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution. 越来越多的专家相信民工对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。 10. Many citizens complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time (in) waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers. 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。 11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it. 无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement. 一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。 13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。 14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

英语四六级翻译的技巧篇 新题型

第四章翻译的技巧篇 “技巧”,按照《辞海》的释义,指“较高的技能”。《高级汉语大词典》指“巧妙的技能”。在《牛津高阶英语词典》(第六版)中,technique指“a particular way of doing sth, especially one in which you have to learn special skills”。所谓的翻译技巧,说到底就是对语言差异的“灵巧”处理(孙致礼,2003:81)。译文要获得理想的传播效果,就必须讲究表达的技巧和方法。翻译技巧,是一种熟练而巧妙的技能。它是译者熟练而巧妙地运用各种翻译手法,完美地表达思想内容的技能。普通心理学认为,技能是在个体身上固定下来的自动化的行动方式,是一些巩固了的概括化的系统,它以操作训练的方式为人所掌握,是后天获得的东西。它可以在长期反复的“操作训练”中为人所掌握。 总结归纳各种翻译教科书里的翻译技巧,其最基本的有如下几种:拆译、词性转译、精简、增补、倒置、反译、虚译和实译、词语褒贬翻译、被动式翻译、数字倍数翻译等。这些翻译技巧互相穿插,互为补充。同一个句子的翻译,可以用几种技巧加以解释或运用,即它可以是拆译、词类、句法转换、增补等。试以下面段落翻译为例,说明翻译的各种技巧是紧密结合的。 “Her presence brought memories of such things as Bourbon roses, rubies, and tropical midnights; her moods recalled lotus eaters and the march in ‘Athalie’; her motions, the ebb and flow of the sea; her voice, the viola.” “看见她的神情,就叫人想起布邦玫瑰、鲜红的宝石和热带的中夜;看见她的意态,就叫人想起食莲人和‘亚他利’里的进行曲;她的步伐就是海潮的荡漾,她的声音就是中提琴的幽婉。”—张谷若译文 评析:译文打破了原文形式的框架,重新组织句式,变动词性,增减词语。通过这些技巧,译文达到了神似,并使之具备了一种对偶的语言美。再比如: On one of those sober and rather melancholy days in the latter part of autumn, when the shadows of morning and evening almost mingle together, and throw a gloom over the decline of the year, I passed several hours in rambling about Westminster Abbey. There was something congenial to the season in the mournful magnificence of the old pile; and, as I passed its threshold, it seemed like stepping back into the regions of antiquity, and losing myself among the shades of former ages. 时方晚秋,气象肃穆,略带忧郁,早晨的阴影和黄昏的阴影,几乎连接在一起,不可分别,岁云将暮,终日昏暗,我就在这么一天,到西敏寺去散步了几个钟头。古寺巍巍,森森然似有鬼气,和阴沉沉的季侯正好调和;我跨进大门,觉得自己已经置身远古,相忘于古人的鬼影之中了。 评析:译者没有拘泥原文的语序、用语,而是充分发挥译语的语言优势,如句读短,用语简洁等,并综合运用增词、减词、词类转换等技巧,将原文的意义和神韵,通过铿锵的音调,肃穆森然的气氛,传达得淋漓尽致。

翻译原则及技巧

第三章翻译原则及技巧 第一节六级翻译样题介绍及评分解读 一六级翻译样题介绍 【样题】 中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日,在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival),即从农历(lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异,但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚,一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运,家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets),对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。【参考译文】 Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese festival. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese

New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends. 二六级翻译评分解读 本题满分为15 分,成绩分为六个档次:

最新四六级翻译写作逻辑关系词汇总

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