高二上学期英语语法总结

高二上学期英语语法总结
高二上学期英语语法总结

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 打印版

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。 1. 人称代词it,是第三人称单数中性,代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如: 1)That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵,它有200多年的历史。 2)I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳,它能使我保持健康。 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可用it来表示。如: 3)It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱,是男孩还是女孩? it可用来指代团体。如: 4)The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会,拒绝了这项建议。 it用以代替指示代词this, that.如: 5)--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么?—是一支钢笔。 6)--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书?—是迈克的。 2. 指示代词it,常用以指人。如: 7)Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。 8)--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声? --- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。 3.虚义it无指代性,常用作没有具体意义的主语,出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如: 9)It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。 10)It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 11)It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark. 天气很冷;天下着雪,渐渐地变黑了。 it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如: 12)It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 13)How is it going with you? 你近况如何? 14)Take it easy. 不要紧张。 it也常用于下列结构: 15)It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。 16)It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。 17)It's my turn. 该轮到我了。 it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语,各该习惯用语有具体意义,但it并无具体意义。如:cab it 乘车catch it 受责,受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 4. 先行词it. it充当形式主语或形式宾语,本身无意义,只起一种先行引导的作用,先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。 (1)用作形式主语

高中英语语法最重要知识汇总

按:本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分,保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如: a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型) d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型) 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: (1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达:Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: ; 正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达:Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如:

人教版高中英语知识点总结

人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit 12345One Friendship 一、重点短语 through 经历,经受 get through 通过;完成;接通电话 2. set down 记下,放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚,黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加(某个活动); take part in 参加(活动) join 加入(组织,团队,并成为其中一员) 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多(后接不可数n.) much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念:直接引语:直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例:Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”

高中英语语法总结(完整版;高中必看!)

高中英语语法总结(完整版;高中必看!) 专题一:定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom指人在从句中作宾语 whose指人或物在从句中作定语 as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法 (1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个

(2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。 Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高考英语语法拿分点总结大全

高考语法总结—备战 一、冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法 1 指一类人或事,相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物,非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3 表示“每一”相当于every,one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或 事 —Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋) 6 用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9 用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化)成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事 a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识 II. 定冠词的用法 1 表示某一类人或物In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5)—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children. 8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China. 10 在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1990’s (二十世纪九十年代) 11 用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour. 12 用于方位名词,身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder. III. 不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法 1 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America. 5 表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess. 6 与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 1

高中英语语法倒装句语法讲解总结-全

高中英语语法倒装句语法讲解总结大全 ?倒装的作用为了强调、突出等词语 ?英语中的九大成分,倒装只与主谓有关 全部倒装:把句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前(谓语动词要和后面的主语保持一致) 1.下列副词位于句首需要倒装 方位副词:up,down,in,away,off,out等 时间副词:now,then等 地点副词:here,there等以及表示地点的介词短语 Besides the lake stand a couple of trees and under them runs a path. → A couple of trees stand beside the lake and a path runs under them. 湖边有几棵树,树下有一条小路。(方位副词) Out of the room stands a big monster. →A big monster stands out of the room. 房子外边有一个怪兽(方位副词) At the front of the book is a table of content. →A table of content is at the front of book.

书的前部有目录(方位副词) Now speaks the headamaster. →The headmaster speaks now. 现在说话的是班长(时间副词) Then came the chairman. →The chairman came then. 然后主席来了(时间副词) Here comes the bus. →The bus comes here. 公交车来了(地点副词) Sitting at the next table was a pretty girl waiting for someone.→a pretty girl waiting for someone was Sitting at the next table. 隔壁桌坐着一个漂亮女人正在等着谁(地点介词短语) By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. →A young man with a magazine in his hand sat by the window. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志(地点介词短语) Among these people was his friend Jim. →His friend jim was among these people. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中(地点介词短语)

高二英语知识点归纳整理语法知识点总结(完整资料)

主谓一致 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数。(最基本的) 2、由and或both...and...连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。 但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。 3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。 4、主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有but ,except, besides, with ,as well as ,together with ,along with,like 等引导的介词短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 注意:主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语,谓语要与主语保持一致。 5、一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。 6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;看作每一个成员时,谓语动词用复数。 7、当表示国家,城市,人名,书名,报纸,杂志,及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时,作为整体,谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》 8、news ,maths,physics ,politics等词貌似复数,实为单数,其谓语动词用单数.

9、the +形容词(如the poor ,the rich ,the young,the old ,the dead ,the sick,the brave 等)作主语,谓语动词往往用复数 10、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 11、由连词not,but, or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...,等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。 12、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 13、a number of后面加复数名词或代词,其动词用复数形式;但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时,其谓语用单数。 14、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 注意:在one of +复数名词+ who/that/which引导的定语从句中,从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有,从句的谓语动词用单数,如没有the only,就用复数形式。

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。如: If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. @ 如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如: What would you do with a million dollars (=if you had a million dollars) | 如果你有100万元,你会做什么 We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help) 没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。 Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. = But for your help, …

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