定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解

Teaching Design for NSEFC Book 7 Unit 4 Sharing

Revision of Grammar ——The Attributive Clause (I)

海南省文昌中学英语组史贻华

◆Teaching Type

Revision of Grammar —— The Attributive Clause

◆Teaching material

NSEFC Book 7 Unit 4 Sharing

◆Teaching aims

1. Knowledge aim:

Revise the usage of the Attributive Clause.

2. Ability aim:

Enable the students to master the usage of the Attributive Clause.

3.Emotional aims:

Developing the students’ thinking and awareness of cooperation.

◆Teaching important points

1. Help the students to revise the structure and the usage of the Attributive Clause.

2. Enable the students to master the usage of the Attributive Clause.

◆Teaching difficult points

1. Enable the students to master the usage of the Attributive Clause.

2. Enable the students to distinguish the usage of the relative pronouns and adverbs.

◆Learning Strategy:

Enable the students to learn to summarize and induce what they have learned and develop life-long ability of learning.

◆Teaching aids

1. Blackboard

2. Paper sheets

◆Teaching procedures

Step1 Revision

找出课文中的定语从句并下划线

Step2 Revising Basic Knowledge of The Attributive Clause

1. 定语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句中的全部或部分内

容的从句,称之为定语从句。

2. 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

3. 关系词:引导定语从句的词。

关系代词:that / which / who / whom / whose=the + 名词+of which(whom)/ as 关系副词:when=介词+ which,where=介词+ which,why=for + which

4. 关系词的功能作用:

(1) 连接先行词和定语从句。

(2) 指代被修饰的先行词。

(3) 在从句中充当句子成分, 即从句的主语, 宾语,表语,定语或状语。

5. 定语从句的类型:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

(1)限制性定语从句:是先行词必不可少的修饰成分,没有它,主句意思将不完整。

(2)非限制性定语从句:是先行词的附加说明成分,不是必需的成分,可有可无,前面用逗号把它和先行词隔开。

Step 3 Practice

找出先行词和关系词,并指出关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当何种句子成分:

1. He who laughs last laughs best. ( 主语)

2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语)

3. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. ( 定语)

4. I like the present (which) you bought yesterday. ( 宾语)

5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( 定语)

6. I like the girl to whom you just talked. ( 宾语)

7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( 宾语)

8. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( 状语)

9. She is no longer the girl that she used to be. ( 表语)

10. The reason why I was late was that I got up late. ( 状语)

11. As we all know, China is a developing country. ( 宾语)

12. He didn’t come, which made me very disappointed. ( 主语)

13. They have two daughters, both of whom are teachers. ( 宾语)

14. Such situations as you mentioned are very rare. ( 宾语)

15. He gave me some suggestions, none of which could work. ( 宾语)

16. I hate the way (that) he spoke to me. ( 状语)

Step 4 Revising Tested Points of The Attributive Clause

考点一:关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句

1. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play ,_____ ,of course ,made the others

unhappy.(NMET2000)

A. who

B. which

C. this

D. what

解:这道题考查which 引导的非限制性定语从句,从句被插入语of course所割开,答案选B.

2. Whenever I speak to him, _____was fairly often ,he would talk on and on without giving me a chance

to speak.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. when

解:可以把题目还原成Whenever I speak to him, he would talk on and on without giving me a chance to speak, ____ was fairly often.很容易判断这是由which 引导的非限制性定语从句,答案选A.

注意:which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个句子时,有可能置于句中,将指代的完整的句子分割开。

3. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. it

思考:which和that作为关系代词引导定语从句有何区别?

以下典型情况,引导词用that,而不用which:

①先行词是不定代词all、little、everything、anything、none、、much、the one时;

You should hand in all that you have.

That’s all ____ I want to say. A. that B. which C. who D. what

②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时

This train is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.

③先行词既有人又有物时;

Do you know the things and people that they are talking about?

The man and the horse ___ fell into the river were drowned.

A. which

B. who

C. of which

D. that

④先行词前有only、any、few、little、no、every、all、last 、very所修饰时;

This is the very book that I am looking for.

You are the very man ____ they are looking for at the moment. A. whom B. which C. that D. who ⑤主句的主语是疑问词who, what, which时

Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

⑥先行词在从句中当表语时

He is no longer the simple-minded man ___ he was years ago.

A. which

B. who

C. that

D. whom

注意:that不用在非限制性定语从句中:

考点二:考查关系代词as引导的定语从句.

1. as引导的限制性定语从句。

例如:These houses are sold at such a low price _____people excepted.(Shanghai 2000 spring)

A. like

B. as C .that D. which

解:这道题考查是such -----as 句型在定语从句中的运用,答案选B。

注意:关系代词as在限制性定语从句中常运用于句型such -----as 和the same ----as----句型。

2. as引导的非限制性定语从句。

例如:(1)_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

解:这道题要求学生搞清楚两个句型It is known to everybody that ------(everybody knows that------)和As is known to everybody ( as指代整个句子the moon travels around the earth once every month) 的区别。答案选B.

(2)_____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. Which

B. As C . That D. It

思考:which和as作为关系代词引导定语从句有何区别?

1. as 作为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,起先行词必须是整个句子,而Which作为关系代词,引导

非限制性定语从句,其先行词既可以是整个句子也可以是名词

2. 当as和which都指代整个句子时,as可以置于主句的前、中、后,位置较灵活;但which 不能引导定

语从句置于句首。

下列情况多用as。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。

e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.

2. 当与such或the same连用时,一般用as。

e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.

I have the same plan as you.

3. 当从句和主句语义一致时,用as,反之则用which。

e.g. She has married again, as was expected.

She has married again, which was unexpected.

4. as在从句中作主语时,后面常接行为动词的被动语态,如be known,be said,be reported等,如从句中行为动词是主动语态,一般要用which作主语。

e.g. She has been late again, as was expected.

Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.

注意:当从句与主句语义一致时,用as,反之则用which。

e..g. ①He turned out to be very successful, _______is more than we could expect.

②_______ we all know, he studies hard.

③Such people _______ you describe are thought to be fools.

④She married again, _______ are expected.

⑤She married again, _______ are unexpected.

Keys: ①which ②As ③as ④as ⑤which

考点三:考查关系代词whose 的用法。

1. Have you seen the film ―Titanic‖, ______leading actor is world famous? (Shanghai 2000 spring )

A. its

B. it’s

C. whose

D. which

解:这道题考查这一考点:whose 在定语从句中充当定语,其先行词为物,(等同于所修饰的名词+of which)。原句可以转化成:Have you seen the film ―Titanic‖, the leading actor of which is world famou s?

答案选C.

2. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____family was in the country.

A. of whom

B. whom

C. of whose

D. whose

解:这道题考查这一考点:whose 在定语从句中充当定语,其先行词为人,(等同于所修饰的名词+of whom)。

原句可以转化成: His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone, the fami ly of whom was in the country.

答案选D.

注意:whose 在定语从句中充当定语时,其先行词既可以为人也可以为物。

考点四:考查关系副词where

1. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____he is likely to lose control over the plane. (Shanghai

2001)

A. where

B. which.

C. while

D. why

解:在这一定语从句中,其先行词不是表示一个具体地点的名词,而是一个抽象名词situation。那么这道题考查where 在从句中表示抽象概念的情况,其常见的先行词有situation,point, position ,condition, stage等。

2. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. A. which

B. where

C. that

D. when

3. We're just trying to reach a point ___ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. which

思考:有哪些抽象地点名词当先行词在定语从句中当状语时,用where 或介词+ which引导定语从句?

考点五:考查关系副词when

1. The film brought the hours back to me ____I was taken good care of in that far –away village. (NMET

2001) A. until B. that C. when D. where

解:这道题when 作为关系副词,引导限制性定语从句,.意为―-----的时候‖。常用的先行词有moment,day, time ( hour, week, month, year)。

2. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______ for the first time in years their

team won the World Cup.(2000 spring)

A. that

B. while

C. which

D. when

解:从从句的意思―这是他们队多年来第一次赢得世界杯‖。可以推知:从句是对表示时间的先行词加已说明,先行词是an exciting moment,所以这道题考查when 作为关系副词,引导非限制性定语从句,.

意为―在那时‖―届时‖。

考点六:考查介词+关系代词

“of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。

e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.

A. that

B. who

C. from whom

D. to whom

2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a

year.

A. these

B. those

C. that

D. which

思考:如何确定关系代词前的介词?

1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:

e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?

2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如:

e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.

3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:

e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.

4.非限制性定与从句中,要表示先行词的一部分时,可用“数词/代词+ of + 关系代词”的结构,如:

e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.

5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型,如:

e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.

They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.

They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.

考点七:考查定语从句中的主谓一致。

He is the only one of the students who ______ a winner of scholarship for three years. (2002年上海春季第26题) A. is B. are C. have been D. has been

解:one of the students中的先行词是the students,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数形式;the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one,所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。

思考:“one of the +复数名词和the only one of the +复数名词”有和区别?

考点八:考查关系代词的省略。

1. I don't like _______ you speak to her.(1996年上海)

A. the way

B. the way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

2. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002年上海春季)

A. he explained

B. what he explained

C. how he explained

D. why he explained

解:1题考查的是the way后接定语从句的用法,具体用法有三种:(1)用in which引导;(2)用that引导;

(3)省略关系词。此题属于第三种用法。

2题中的先行词是the reason,he explained前省略了作宾语的关系代词that或which,值得注意的是,本句因为句意所定,不可以用the reason why...("因为……的原因")。

思考:何种情况下关系代词不可省略?

1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2)that前不能有介词。

3)非限制性定语从句中,关系代词不可省略。

3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

考点九:考查非谓语动词在定语从句中的运用。

1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.(NMET 2000)

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out

解:可以把原句这一复杂句转化为两个简单句,是see + sth + done 宾补结构。

2. You can’t imagine the difficulty she had ______ her children by herself.

A. to bring up

B. bringing up

C. brought up

D. bring up

解:可以把原句这一复杂句转化为两个简单句,是have difficulty(in)doing sth结构。

总结:如何判断和应用关系代词与关系副词引导定语从句?

方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。)

(错)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

(错)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

(对)This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

(对)I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

答案:例1 D,例2 A

例1变为肯定句:This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句:This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因in the museum 词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose);先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

Step 4 Consolidation

Multiple Choice:

1. (Sichuan 2007).It is reported that two schools,________ are being built in my hometown,will open

next year. A.they both B.which both C.both of them D.both of which

2. (NMET2007.I) Some pre-school children go to a day care center, __________ they learn simple

games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where

3. (Beijing 2007) We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. whom

4. (Shanghai 2007) His movie won several awards at the film festival, _____ was beyond his wildest

dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it

5. (Hunan 2007) By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

6. (Zhejiang 2005)______ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A.When B.After C.As D.Since

KEYS: 1) D 2) D 3) D 4) A 5) A 6) C

7. The man pulled a gold watch, ______ were made of small hands.

A. the hands of whom

B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of

D. the hands of which

8. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.

A. whose

B. which

C. of which

D. that

9. We went through a period ______ communications were very difficult in the rural area.

A. which

B. whose

C. in which

D. with which

10. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ______ are beyond our control.

A. most of them

B. most of which

C. most of what

D. most of that

11. They will fly to Washington, ______ they plan to stay for two or three days.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. when

12. All the neighbours admire this family, ______ the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why

B. where

C. why

D. that

13. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A. who

B. which

C. why

D. when

14. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of the London’s tourist

attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where

15. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. it

16. The Beatles, ______ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. as

17. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted

in changes in the law. A. where B. when C. who D. which

18. Yesterday she sold her car ______ she bought a month ago.

A. when

B. where

C. what

D. which

Step 5 Homework

课后完成Step 4部分的练习。

More Exercises:

Part 1: Correct the sentences:

1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.

2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?

3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.

4. July 1, 1999 is the day when we’ll never forget

5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.

6. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.

7. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.

8. I don’t like the way which y ou talked to your friend.

9. This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.

10. Soon they came to a farm house, and in front of which sat a small boy.

11. We heard the news which our team won the game.

12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.

13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.

14. That was the reason because she looked old.

15. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.

16. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.

17. It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently.

18. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.

19. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky.

20. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.

21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.

22. The student who’s book I had borrowed didn’t come to school today.

23. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.

24. The bike by which I travelled was his.

Part2: Multiple Choice

1. —Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else ________, is there? (2005北京)

A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn

2. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped. (2005安徽)

A.what; when B.that; which C.what; which D.which; that

3. —Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one _________ you know I used to work for years. (2005福建)

A.that B.which C.where D.what

4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes

______ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东)

A. in which

B. by which

C. which

D. that

5.Her sister has become a lawyer, _________ she wanted to be. (2005湖北)

A.who B.that C.what D.which

6. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _________ to produce the workings of his own hands .

(2005湖南)A.that B.in which C.by which D.how

7. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________ the cross-river traffic is the

heaviest. (2005江苏)

A. which; where

B. at which; which

C. at which; where

D. which; in which

8. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ________ they are

being trained. (2005江西)

A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which

9. I walked in our garden, _____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)

A.which B.when C.where D.that

10. I have many friends , ________ some are businessmen . (2005全国卷I)

A.of them B.from which C.who of D.of whom

11. He was educated at a local grammar school, _________ he went on to Cambridge. (2005山东)

A. from which

B. after that

C. after which

D. from this

12. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects people are still

suffering. (2005天津) A. that B. whose C. those D. what

13. Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office. (2005浙江)

A.which B.that C.this D.it

14. ________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (2005浙

江)A.When B.After C.As D.Since

15. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ , he studied very hard and was

made Chairman of the Students' Union. (2005重庆)

A. during which time

B. for which time

C. during whose time

D. by that time

16. If a shop has chairs_________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

(2005上海) A. that B. which C. when D. where

17. Do you still remember the chicken farm _________we visited three months ago? (2005北京春季)

A. where

B. when

C. that

D. what

18. The United States is made up of fifty states, one of ________ is separated from the others by the

Pacific Ocean. (2005上海春季)

A. them

B. those

C. which

D. whose

19. The English play __________ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.(2004

全国)A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

20._________ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

(2004北京)A. It B. As C. That D. What

21.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the sailing time was 226

days.(2004广西)

A. of which

B. during which

C. from which

D. for which

22. I work in a business __________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (2004湖南)

A. how

B. which

C. where

D. that

23. There were dirty marks on her trousers _________ she had wiped her hands. (2004吉林)

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

24. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , __________ , of course , made the

others envy him.(2004天津)

A. who

B. that

C. what

D. which

25. __________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (2004江苏)

A. Which

B. When

C. What

D. As

26. Anyway, that evening , ________ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

(2004浙江) A. when B. where C. what D. which

27. A story goes _________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever

and qualified noblemen at court. (2004上海)

A. when

B. where

C. what

D. that

28. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% __________ are sold abroad.

(2004辽宁)A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that

29. There was __________ time __________ I hated to go to school . (2004湖北)

A.a; that B.a; when C.the; that D.the ; when

30. There are two buildings , __________ stands nearly a hundred feet high . (2004湖北)

A.the larger B.the larger of them C.the larger one that D.the larger of which

31. What surprised me was not what he said but ___________ he said it . (2004湖北)

A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which

32. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _________ they can talk frequently.

(2004上海) A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

33. George Orwell, _________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (2004北京)

A. the real name

B. what his real name

C. his real name

D. whose real name

34. York, _________ last year ,is a nice old city. (2003北京)

A. that I visited

B. which I visited

C. where I visited

D. in which I visited

35. I can think of many cases _________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and

expressions but couldn't write a good essay. (2003上海)

A. why

B. which

C. as

D. where

36. We are living in an age ________ many things are done on computer. (2003北京春季)

A. which

B. that

C. whose

D. when

37. _________ has been announced ,we shall have our final exams next month. (2003上海春季)

A. That

B. As

C. It

D. What

38. ________made the school proud was__________ more than 90% of the students had been

admitted to key universities. (2003上海春季)

A. What; because

B. What; that

C. That; what

D. That ;because

39. We will be shown around the city :schools ,museums ,and some other places, __________ other

visitors seldom go. (2002北京)

A. what

B. which

C. where

D. when

40. Alec asked the policeman __________ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

(2002上海) A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom

41. There's a feeling in me __________ we'll never know what a UFO is—not ever. (2002上海)

A. that

B. which

C. of which

D. what

42. Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that's __________ it takes to do anything well. (2002上海)

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. why

43.The famous basketball star, _________ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.(2002

京皖春季)

A. where

B. when

C. which

D. who

44. The famous scientist grew up __________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. (2002上

海春季) A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever

45. Is this the reason ___________at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春季)

A. he explained

B. what he explained

C. how he explained

D. why he explained

46. ________ , I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. (2001上海)

A. As long as I have traveled

B. Now that I have traveled so much

C. Much as I have traveled

D. As I have traveled so much

47. He's got himself into a dangerous situation ____________ he is likely to lose control over the

plane.(2001上海)

A. where

B. which

C. while

D. why

48. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ____________was true. (2001京皖春季)

A. he

B. this

C. which

D. who

49. Have you seen the film ―Titanic‖, ___________ leading actor is world famous? (2001上海春季)

A. its

B. it's

C. whose

D. which

50. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________, of course , made the others

unhappy. (2000全国)

A.who B.which C.this D.what

答案与解析

1-5 BACAD 6-10 BCDCD 11-15 CBACA 16-20 DCCCB 21-25 ACADD

26-30 DDA BD 31-35 ADDBD 36-40 DBBCC 41-45 AADCA 46-50 CACCB

1. —Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else _________ , is there?

A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn

解析:把定语从句拆开,答案就明朗了,即:She can turn to no one else (for help).含义为“她不能寻求其他人(得到帮助)。

2. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it

was so poorly equipped. (2005安徽)

A.what; when B.that; which C.what; which D.which; that

解析:what引导表语从句,when引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词为时间

3. —Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one _________ you know I used to work for years. (2005福建)

A.that B.which C.where D.what

解析:先行词one在定语从句中作地点状语。You know 作插入语

4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes

______ people were eaten by the tiger. (2005广东)

A. in which

B. by which

C. which

D. that

解析:由介词+ 关系副词引导的定语从句。in which引导定语从句:“在这些情景中”。

5. Her sister has become a lawyer, ________ she wanted to be. (2005湖北)

A.who B.that C.what D.which

解析:考查非限定定语从句。关系代词Which 引导非限定定语从句并在句中作宾语,that则不可。先行词a lawyer虽然是人,但是这儿指职业

6. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _______ to produce the workings of his own hands .(2005

湖南)A.that B.in which C.by which D.how

解析:句意:Frank的梦想是有一家可以生产自己的手工制品的商店。本题测试不定式短语的用法。in which to produce...相当于定语从句in which /where he could produce…。in which =in the shop.

7. The place ________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________ the cross-river traffic is

the heaviest. (2005江苏)

A. which; where

B. at which; which

C. at which; where

D. which; in which

解析:第一空为介词+关系代词引导定语从句,表示桥在什么地方建;第二空为表语从句,表示地点,所以用连接词where。

8. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being

trained. (2005江西)A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which

解析:先行词是jobs,从句部分还原即“they are being trained for the jobs.”be trained for为…而培训。

9. I walked in our garden, _______ T om and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽

宁)A.which B.when C.where D.that

解析:本题考查的是定语从句。先行词是表示地点的our garden,并在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 来引导。

10. I have many friends ,___________ some are businessmen . (2005全国卷I)

A.of them B.from which C.who of D.of whom

解析:本题属于“of+关系代词+部分(指物用which;指人用whom)”引导定语从句。of whom 在从句中表示“他们当中有些….”

11. He was educated at a local grammar school, __________ he went on to Cambridge.

(2005山东)A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this

解析:本题考查定语从句及关系代词的选择。从句子的结构看,后面应是定语从句,而且,“他”是上完了一个local grammar school之后,又上的Cambridge,故选after which, 引导一个非限制性定语从句,起补充说明作用。

12. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects people are still

suffering. (2005天津)A. that B. whose C. those D. what

解析:from whose effects people…=and people are still suffering from their effects

13. Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office. (2005浙江)

A.which B.that C.this D.it

解析:考查非限制性定语从句,用which指代前面整个句子

14. ________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (2005浙

江)A.When B.After C.As D.Since

解析:考查非限制性定语从句。用"as”表示“正如我在电话里解释的那样。

15. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ , he studied very hard and

was made Chairman of the Students' Union. (2005重庆)

A. during which time

B. for which time

C. during whose time

D. by that time

解析:考查定语从句。1997到2003为一阶段时间,故应提前介词during。C项关系代词"whose”应用错

误,故应选择A项。

16. If a shop has chairs_____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

(2005上海)A. that B. which C. when D. where

解析:where引导定语从句,先行词为chair, where在从句中作地点状语where= in/ on which。

17. Do you still remember the chicken farm _____we visited three months ago? (2005北京春季)

A. where

B. when

C. that

D. what

解析:that关系代词要作visited的宾语

18. The United States is made up of fifty states, one of ________ is separated from the others by the

Pacific Ocean. (2005上海春季)

A. them

B. those

C. which

D. whose

解析:one of which=and one of them

19. The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.(2004全国)

A. for which

B. at which

C. in which

D. on which

解析:本句属于“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句这一情况。通过拆分我们可以得My students acted in the English play at the New Year's party, 所以答案为C

20. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.(2004

北京)A. It B. As C. That D. What

解析:正如报纸上所报道的那样用As引导一个非限制性定语从句

21. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the

sailing time was 226 days. (2004广西)

A. of which

B. during which

C. from which

D. for which

解析:of which the sailing time…=and the sailing time of the nine months…

22. I work in a business __________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (2004湖南)

A. how

B. which

C. where

D. that

解析:句中先行词a business(商店)表示地点,定语从句中用关系副词where 来充当状语,相当于in which。

23. There were dirty marks on her trousers _________ she had wiped her hands. (2004吉林)

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

解析:在她裤子擦手的地方有污迹,先行词为trousers,where关系副词引导定语从句

24. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , ___________ , of course , made the

others envy him.(2004天津)

A. who

B. that

C. what

D. which

解析:关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句,其中which指代其前面的句子

25. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (2004江苏)

A. Which

B. When

C. What

D. As

解析:参看14和20题

26. Anyway, that evening, _______I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.

(2004浙江)A. when B. where C. what D. which

解析:从句中about少宾语,且这里又需要引导非限制性定语从句

27. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and

qualified noblemen at court. (2004上海)

A. when

B. where

C. what

D. that

解析:that引导的是同位语从句作A story的同位语

28. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% _________ are sold abroad.

(2004辽宁)A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that

解析:of which 引导的定语从句,表示“其中的”,“其中80% 的鞋销往国外”

29. There was ___________ time ___________ I hated to go to school . (2004湖北)

A.a; that B.a; when C.the; that D.the ; when

解析:a time表示一段时间;when 引导定语从句,意思为“我讨厌上学的时候”

30. There are two buildings , _________ stands nearly a hundred feet high . (2004湖北)

A.the larger B.the larger of them C.the larger one that D.the larger of which

解析:这是一个定语从句,which 在定语从句中指代building,作of 的宾语

31. What surprised me was not what he said but ____________ he said it . (2004湖北)

A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which

解析:the way作先行词,引导定语从句的关系词通常可以省略,还可用that, in which引导

32. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _________ they can talk frequently.

(2004上海)A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

解析:talk with somebody是固定搭配,再根据先行词是someone 判断是用who的宾格whom

33. George Orwell, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (2004北京)

A. the real name

B. what his real name

C. his real name

D. whose real name

解析:原句改写为George Orwell’s real name was Eric Arthur and he wrote many political novels and essays.

34. York, ________ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京)

A. that I visited

B. which I visited

C. where I visited

D. in which I visited

解析:考查非限制性定语从句。是用关系代词或者是用关系副词引导定语从句,要根据他们在定语从句中的成份来确定,visit是及物动词,后面需要用关系代词作宾语,排除C,D。that 不用于非限制性定语从句中,排除A

35. I can think of many cases _________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and

expressions but couldn't write a good essay. (2003上海)

A. why

B. which

C. as

D. where

解析:考查定语从句。此句的先行词是many cases,单看从句与先行词的关系应是:students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay in many cases.因此应用in which或where引导定语从句,备选答案中没有in which,于是选where

36. We are living in an age ________ many things are done on computer. (2003北京春季)

A. which

B. that

C. whose

D. when

解析:这是定语从句,先行词是age,表时间,所以用when引导

37. _________ has been announced , we shall have our final exams next month. (2003上海春季)

A. That

B. As

C. It

D. What

解析:as引导定语从句表示“正如……”,并非某个名词或代词是先行词,而是整个主句所表达的内容是定语从句所修饰的。译文:正如所宣布的那样,下月我们将进行期末考试

38. ________made the school proud was_______ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to

key universities. (2003上海春季)

A. What; because

B. What; that

C. That; what

D. That ;because

解析:what引导主语从句,在主语从句中作主语;that引导表语从句,在表语从句中起连接作用

39.We will be shown around the city :schools , museums , and some other places,_______ other visitors

seldom go. (2002北京)

A. what

B. which

C. where

D. when

解析:这是一个定语从句,先行词是places,表示地点,非限定性定语从句中缺少状语,因此用where 来引导定语从句,故要填where。译文:我们被带领着参观了这座城市:学校、博物馆和其他一些游人很少去的地方

40. Alec asked the policeman ___________ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

(2002上海) A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom

解析:这是一个定语从句,the policeman是先行词。work是不及物动词,“work with sb”意为“与某人共事”,所以定语从句应为with whom he worked。译文:无论何时发生事故时,Alec要求与他一起工

作的警察与他联系

41. There's a feeling in me _______ we'll never know what a UFO is—not ever. (2002上海)

A. that

B. which

C. of which

D. what

解析:同位语从句that we'll never know what a UFO is—not ever作a feeling的同位语,解释a feeling 的具体内容。that连接同位语从句时,只起连接作用不作从句的任何成分。译文:我有一个这样的感觉,我们不会知道什么是UFO——永远不会

42. Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that's ______ it takes to do anything well. (2002上海)

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. why

解析:这是一个表语从句,what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成“It takes sth. to do sth.”的句型。

译文:坚定不移是一种品质——坚定不移使人们做好任何事情

43. The famous basketball star, __________ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.(2002

京皖春季) A. where B. when C. which D. who

解析:先行词是The famous basketball表示人,非限定性定语从句中缺少主语,因此要填who。who在定语从句中作主语

44. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. (2002上海春

季) A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever

解析:where引导的是地点状语从句。译文:这位著名的科学家在他的出生地长大,1930年他来到上海。

因为在从句中有表示时间的介词短语in 1930,所以可以排除when和whenever; wherever引导让步状语,意思是“无论在哪里”,与句意不符

45. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春季)

A. he explained

B. what he explained

C. how he explained

D. why he explained

解析:the reason后接定语从句。因为先行词the reason作explained的宾语,用that或which引导定语从句在从句中作宾语时省略。译文:这就是他在会议上对他为什么在工作上粗心大意的理由所作的解释吗?

46. ________ , I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. (2001上海)

A. As long as I have traveled

B. Now that I have traveled so much

C. Much as I have traveled

D. As I have traveled so much

解析:这是一个让步状语从句。as在引导让步状语从句时,要把形容词或名词放在它的前面。如果是名词,一般不加冠词。如:Child as he is, he has learned two thousand new words .As soon as“只要……”

引导条件状语从句;Now that“既然”引导原因状语从句;As“因为”引导原因状语从句。译文:虽然我走过了那么多地方,我从来没有见过像约翰这样有能力的人。

47. He's got himself into a dangerous situation _______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.(2001

上海) A. where B. which C. while D. why

解析:这是一个定语从句。先行词是a dangerous situation。因为situation的意思是“位置”,所以要填where。译文:他已陷入飞机似乎失去控制的危险境地

48. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______ was true. (2001京皖春季)

A. he

B. this

C. which

D. who

解析:考查非限定性定语从句。which引导非限定性定语从句,修饰整个主句所表达的内容。

49. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________ leading actor is world famous? (2001上海春季)

A. its

B. it's

C. whose

D. which

解析:这是一个定语从句,因为先行词the film “Titanic”和leading actors是所属关系,所以要用whose。

50. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________, of course , made the others

unhappy. (2000全国)

A.who B.which C.this D.what

解析:这是一个非限制性定语从句,which指代Dorothy夸大自己在剧中角色的作用这件事。

(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版

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★归纳表格(1)—关系代词 ★归纳表格(2)—关系代词 ★归纳表格(3)—关系代词 ★归纳表格(4)—关系副词

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人教版高一英语定语从句全面讲解与练习

定语从句 定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。 例如 a clever boy the boiling water fallen leaves ?The boy in the classroom needs a pen. ?The man standing there is my teacher. 定语从句:一个句子充当定语 The boy who is reading needs the pen. 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。 Ⅰ. 概念: (1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。 (3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词,并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分。分为关系代词和关系副词。 (4) 定语从句基本构成:先行词+关系词+从句 A) 关系词的作用: 1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词; 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语) 1.The student who answered the question was John. 2. I know the reason why he was so angry. 3. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. 4. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.

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高中定语从句详细讲解 (一)定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 (二)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替,也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。

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高中英语讲义---- 名词性从句(主从、表从、宾从,同从) 1,陈述句做名从用连词that + SV, that 表主句肯定从句完整,不做成分。主从可用it 做形式主语,宾从第一个that 可省略。You study hard. 主从:That you study hard is known to us.= It is known to us that you study hard. 表从:My opinion is that you study hard . 宾从:I think (that) you study hard. …and that (不能省略)…. 同从:My opinion that you study hard is known to us. *比较同从和主从! 一般抽象名词后对其进行解释和说明的完整句子就是其同位语从句,不完整就是定语从句。 I appreciate your idea that we have an exam every week. (that后完整—同从) $ I appreciate your idea that you came up with last time.(that后不完整---定从) 2,一般问句做名从用连词whether(是否) + SV,whether表主句不肯定从句完整,宾从中可用if(介词后或宾从后有or not时只用whether)。Does your friend like English 主从:Whether your friend likes English isn’t clear .=It isn’t clear whether your friend likes English. 表从:My question is whether your friend likes English. 宾从:I don’t know whether/ if your friend likes English. 同从:My question whether your friend likes English isn’t clear. 3, 特殊问句做名从用疑问词(连词)+ SV, 疑问词做主语时直接+谓语。连接代词(what/which/who/whose…)表主句不肯定从句不完整,连接副词(when/where/why/how)表主句不肯定从句完整。 Where did you go just now , 主从:Where you went just now isn’t clear.= It isn’t clear where you went just now. 表从:My question is where you went just now. 宾从:I wonder where you went just now. 同从:My question where you went just now isn’t clear. 当主句为现在时态从句时态不受影响,当主句为过去时态从句就应该变成过去的某种时态,但客观真 理总用一般现在时,有固定过去时间总用过去时。 高频考点1,当主从句都缺成分时指物用what/whatever/whichever(有范围), 指人用whoever / whomever(做宾语). The buildings have built in _what_ was farmland. _What_ you need is courage. The prize will be awarded to _whoever_ has won the game. You can choose _what/whatever/whomever_ you like. " Of all, you can choose _whichever_ you like . 2, No matter+疑问词,只能引导让步状语从句(主从句逗号分开),疑问词+ever 既可引导让步状从,又可引导名从(从句在主句中做成分)。

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