英语专科第1-4讲

英语专科1 第1讲

陆晔Unit 1

Some Strategies for Learning English

学习英语的几种策略

Introductory Remarks

1.4 billion people live in countries where English has official (官方的) status (地位).

1/5 world’s population (人口) speaks some English.

One in five is learning English.

Ov er 70% of the world’s scientists read English.

85% of the world’s mail (邮件) is written in English.

90% of all information (信息) in the world’s electronic (电子的) retrieval system (检索系统) is stored (储存) in English.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者，事竟成。

There is no royal road to learning.

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。

New Words

strategy n. plan that is intended to achieve a particular purpose 策略

Outlining is an especially helpful critical reading strategy for under-standing the content and structure of a certain passage.

概述是一种对于理解文章的内容和结构特别有用的重要阅读策略。

means n. way of doing or achieving something (sth.)方法，手段

by no means: not at all 决不，一点也不

I am by no means satisfied with my present performance

我对自己目前的表现一点也不满意。

diligence n. steady effort 勤奋，勤勉

diligent a. 用心的，勤奋的

a diligent student 用功的学生

She hoped her diligence would be noticed at work.

她希望她的勤奋会在工作上得到赏识。

prolonged a. continuing for a long time 持续很久的，长时间的

prolong vt. make (sth.) last longer

延长，拖延

Prolonged use of the drug is known to have harmful side-effects.

长期服用此药被认为有不好的副作用。

prolonged是过去分词作形容词用，它的动词原型是prolong，意为“延长、拖延”。

He asked her another question just to prolong the conversation.

他又问了她一个问题，仅仅是为了延长谈话时间。

nevertheless ad. in spite of what sb. has just said 然而，尽管如此

I disagreed with everything she said, but she’s a very good speaker nevertheless.

我不同意她说的每一句话，不过她仍然是个很好的演说家。

英语专科1 第2讲

陆晔

command n. ability to use or control sth.掌握，运用能力

a command of computers 精通电脑

She has an impressive command of the English language.

她对英语的熟练程度是令人难忘的。

sustained a. continuing for a long time 持久的，坚持不懈的

sustain vt. make (sth.) continue to exist or happen for a period of time 保持, 使继续下去

The president’s speech was greeted by sustained applause.

人们对总统的演讲报以经久不息的掌声。

sustained 是过去分词作形容词用，它的动词原型是sustain，意为“支撑、维持”。

The thought of getting home was the only thing that sustained me in the hospital.

在医院里，唯一让我支撑下去的就是回家的想法

helpful a. useful and able to improve a particular situation; (of a person) willing to help 有帮助的；乐于助人的

She’s such a pleasant, helpful child!

她真是个令人愉快，乐于助人的孩子。

He made several helpful suggestions.

他提出了好几个有用的建议。

complain v. say that you are annoyed, not satisfied, or unhappy about sth. or sb. 抱怨He complains about anything —his job, his wife, his back …

他什么都要抱怨—工作、妻子、背痛… …

US soldiers complained of low morale in Iraq.

美国士兵抱怨在伊拉克士气低落。

memorize vt. learn (sth.) so that you remember it perfectly 记住，背熟

He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Rose's street.

他仔细研究了地图，试图记住去罗斯街的路

memorize vt. learn (sth.) so that you remember it perfectly 记住，背熟

He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Rose's street.

他仔细研究了地图，试图记住去罗斯街的路

remember 表示记得，多指无意识地回忆起往事。

He remembers every detail of that occurrence as though it happened yesterday.

那件事前前后后他都记得一清二楚，仿佛发生在昨天一样。

recall 指想方设法回忆已经遗忘之事

I seem to recall I've met him before somewhere.

我好像以前在哪里见过他。

Can you recall what happened last night?

你能回想起昨晚发生了什么事吗？

remind 指经某人或某事的提醒而回忆起某件已遗忘之事。

If I forget, please remind me.

如果我忘了，请提醒我。

Your hair and eyes remind me of your mother.

你的头发和眼睛使我联想起你的母亲。

cram vt. make (sth.) too full; force (sth.) into a small space 把… 塞满；把… 塞进

A lot of information has been crammed into this book.

这本书容纳了大量的信息。

36,000 spectators crammed into the stadium to see the game.

三万六千名观众挤进运动场观看比赛。

英语专科1 第3讲

陆晔bound a. certain or very likely 一定的，很可能的

be bound to 肯定会

You’re bound to feel nervous about your interview.

你极有可能对面试感到紧张。

It was bound to happen sooner or later.

这事早晚注定要发生。

constant a. happening all the time or repeatedly 经常（发生）的，不断的Change is constant.

变化是经常发生的。

Her clinic has a constant stream of parents wanting help.

她的诊室不断有家长前来求助。

commit vt. give …to sb. or sth. to take care of把…托付给

commit … to memory记住

Can you commit to memory all the main points of the lecture?

你能记住授课中讲的要点吗？

acquaintance n. knowledge of sb. or

sth. （对某人某事的）了解；认识；相识的人

make sb’s acquaintance第一次见某人

have a passing/nodding acquaintance with …对…知之甚少

She was a casual acquaintance of my family in Paris.

她只是在巴黎和我家人偶尔见过面。

concentrate (on) v. focus attention on 集中注意力，专心

Mike tried his best to concentrate on his homework.

麦克尽量专心于回家作业。

effective a. working well and

producing the intended result 有效的

It’s a very effective cure for headache.

它对治疗头痛非常有效。

route n. way of doing sth. or achieving a particular result; way from one place to another 途径；路线

I live on a bus route so I can easily get to work.

我住在一条公共汽车路线旁，因此我可以方便地去上班。

route, course, pass & passage 这几个词都是名词，都有“路”之意。

route指路线、路程，尤指长距离的旅行路线或固定线路。

What’s the shortest route from London to Edinburgh?

从伦敦到爱丁堡的最短路线怎么走？

course 指所经之路或方向。

The ship changed course to avoid the iceberg.

为避开冰山，轮船改变了航向。

pass 指山间隘路、山口。

This pass has witnessed the death of hundreds of soldiers in the past.

过去有数百名士兵葬身于这条关隘中。

passage 指过道、走廊或通道。

He forced a passage through the crowd.

他从人群中挤出了一条通道。

用route, course, pass & passage填空：

1. The plane deviated from its usual ______.

2. There was a very dangerous ______ in this mountainous area in ancient times.

3. I know not what ______ others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give

me death!

4. We traced out our______ on the map.

5. Excuse me, you're blocking the ______.

enlarge v. make or become larger 扩大，放大；变大

I heard that exercise causes your heart to enlarge, but I don’t know whether it’s true or not.

我听说运动会心脏扩大，但我不知道是真是假。

vocabulary n. all the words that sb. knows or uses; all the words in a particular language 词汇（量）

It is said that English has one of the largest vocabularies of any language.

据说英语是词汇量最大的语言之一。

idiomatic a. expressing things in a way that sounds natural 合乎语言习惯的idiom n. 习语，成语

She was born in Italy but her English is fluent and idiomatic.

她生在意大利，但她的英语却流利地道。

usage n. way in which words are used in a language 惯用法

the accepted usage 公认的用法

A machine lasts a long time if it gets a good usage.

一部机器如使用得当可以用很长的时间。

basis n. way things are organized or arranged; facts, ideas, or things from which sth. can be developed （做事的）方法；基础

Patients are cared for on a “first-come-first-serve” basis.

病人们按照“先到先服务”的方法得到照料。

英语专科1 第4讲

陆晔addition n. act of adding sth. to sth. else; 增加；加法

in addition to as well as 除…外（还有）

In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.

除英语外，他还得学第二外语。

movie n. film 电影

a movie star 影星

a movie director 电影导演

make a movie of a story 把故事改编成电影

Let’s go to the movies.

让我们去看电影吧。

repetition n. doing or saying the same thing again once or more than once 重复by repetitions of effort 靠反复努力

That is a mere repetition of what you said before.

那只是重复你过去所说的话。

opportunity n. chance to do sth. 机会

grasp (seize) an opportunity 抓住机会

lose an opportunity 失掉/错过机会

They have little opportunity for obtain-ing education.

他们几乎没有受教育的机会。

communicate v. share or exchange (information, news, ideas, etc.)

交流情况（消息，思想等）；沟通

Young people sometimes complain of not being able to communicate with their parents.

年轻人有时抱怨无法与父母沟通思想。

enjoyable a. giving joy, pleasant

令人愉快的，令人快乐的

That was a very enjoyable movie.

那是非常有意思的一部电影。

enjoy v. get pleasure from (sth.) 享受

I really enjoyed that movie.

我真的喜欢那部电影。

campus n. grounds and buildings of a university or college 校园

on campus 在校内

off campus 校外

His home is on the university campus.

他的家在大学校园里。

rehearse vt. practice (sth.) you are going to do or say; practice a play, a concert 自个儿操练，排演

rehearsal n. 排演, 排练

The musicians rehearsed the symphony for the concert.

乐手们为音乐会排练交响乐。

partner n. person that you are doing an activity with, such as dancing or playing a game 同伴，搭档

a life partner/ a partner for life

终身伴侣

My sister was the partner of my walks.

我妹妹是和我一起散步的伙伴。

instance n. particular example or case of sth. 事例，实例

for instance 例如

How can I download a file (for instance a Microsoft file) from the Internet?

我怎样才能从互联网下载文档（例如微软文档）呢？

detail n. small facts or features of sth.; small individual fact or item 详情；细节

in detail 详细地

We haven’t yet had a chance to discuss the matter in detail.

我们还没有详细讨论此事的机会。

purchase n. act or process of buying sth.; sth. you have bought 购买；购置物make a purchase 买件东西

A house is the most expensive purchase that most people ever make.

大多数人一次买的最贵的东西是房子。

environment n. conditions in which people carry on a particular activity; natural world in which animals, people and plants live 环境；自然(生态) 环境

Efforts have been made to improve the environment around the globe.

为改善地球环境作出努力。

reliable a. that can be trusted or depended 可靠的

reliable evidence 可靠证据

UPS is known for its reliable on-time delivery.

UPS 以其可靠及时的递送而闻名。

rely (on) vi. need or be dependant on; trust or have faith in 依赖；信赖

I rely on you for good advice.

我依赖你的好建议。

I rely on her to finish the work today.

我相信她今天能完成这工作。

source n. place from which sth. comes or is got 来源，出处

Oranges are a good source of vitamin C.

橙是维生素C的良好来源。

Students must list their sources at the end of their essays.

学生必须在他们论文的最后列出参考书目的出处。

input n. sth. such as energy, money or information that is put into a system so that it can operate 输入

data input 资料输入, 数据输入

I didn’t have much input into the project.

我对该项目没有投入多少。

handle vt. deal with , manage or control 处理，对付，控制

Handle with care!

小心轻放！

This machine handles easily.

这台机器易于操纵。

apart ad. not together; separately 相隔，相距；分开地

a. separated 分离的

We were asked to stand in two lines 3 meters apart.

我们被要求站成相隔3米的两排。

assign vt. give (a particular job) to sb.

分配（任务）给某人

assign homework 布置作业

Soon they assigned him to a new post.

不久他们派他到一个新的工作岗位。